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Vascular architecture regulates mesenchymal stromal cell heterogeneity via P53-PDGF signaling in the mouse incisor 血管结构通过 P53-PDGF 信号调节小鼠门齿间充质基质细胞的异质性
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.011
Tingwei Guo, Fei Pei, Mingyi Zhang, Takahiko Yamada, Jifan Feng, Junjun Jing, Thach-Vu Ho, Yang Chai

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in niches to maintain tissue homeostasis and contribute to repair and regeneration. Although the physiological functions of blood and lymphatic vasculature are well studied, their regulation of MSCs as niche components remains largely unknown. Using adult mouse incisors as a model, we uncover the role of Trp53 in regulating vascular composition through THBS2 to maintain mesenchymal tissue homeostasis. Loss of Trp53 in GLI1+ progeny increases arteries and decreases other vessel types. Platelet-derived growth factors from arteries deposit in the MSC region and interact with PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Significantly, PDGFRA+ and PDGFRB+ cells differentially contribute to defined cell lineages in the adult mouse incisor. Collectively, our results highlight Trp53’s importance in regulating the vascular niche for MSCs. They also shed light on how different arterial cells provide unique cues to regulate MSC subpopulations and maintain their heterogeneity. Furthermore, they provide mechanistic insight into MSC-vasculature crosstalk.

间充质干细胞(MSCs)驻留在龛位中,以维持组织稳态并促进修复和再生。虽然血液和淋巴管的生理功能已被深入研究,但它们对作为龛位成分的间充质干细胞的调控作用在很大程度上仍不为人所知。我们以成年小鼠门齿为模型,揭示了Trp53通过THBS2调节血管组成以维持间充质组织稳态的作用。GLI1+后代中的Trp53缺失会增加动脉,减少其他类型的血管。来自动脉的血小板衍生生长因子沉积在间充质组织区域,并与 PDGFRA 和 PDGFRB 相互作用。值得注意的是,PDGFRA+ 和 PDGFRB+ 细胞对成年小鼠门齿中确定的细胞系有不同的贡献。总之,我们的研究结果凸显了 Trp53 在调节间充质干细胞血管龛中的重要性。这些结果还揭示了不同的动脉细胞如何提供独特的线索来调节间充质干细胞亚群并保持其异质性。此外,它们还为间充质干细胞与血管的相互影响提供了机理上的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Addressing challenges for repairing adult spinal cord with insights from neonates 从新生儿身上汲取灵感,应对修复成人脊髓的挑战
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.008
Mickey E. Abraham, Joel Martin, Joseph D. Ciacci

Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising area of scientific investigation, sparking considerable interest, especially in spinal cord injury (SCI). Sun et al.1 discover that the extracellular matrix (ECM) from the neonatal spinal cord transmits biochemical signals to endogenous axons, thus promoting axonal regeneration.

干细胞疗法已成为一个前景广阔的科学研究领域,尤其在脊髓损伤(SCI)方面引起了广泛关注。Sun 等人1 发现,新生儿脊髓细胞外基质(ECM)可向内源性轴突传递生化信号,从而促进轴突再生。
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引用次数: 0
Lumen expansion is initially driven by apical actin polymerization followed by osmotic pressure in a human epiblast model 在人类外胚层模型中,管腔扩张最初由顶端肌动蛋白聚合驱动,随后由渗透压驱动
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.03.016
Dhiraj Indana, Andrei Zakharov, Youngbin Lim, Alexander R. Dunn, Nidhi Bhutani, Vivek B. Shenoy, Ovijit Chaudhuri

Post-implantation, the pluripotent epiblast in a human embryo forms a central lumen, paving the way for gastrulation. Osmotic pressure gradients are considered the drivers of lumen expansion across development, but their role in human epiblasts is unknown. Here, we study lumenogenesis in a pluripotent-stem-cell-based epiblast model using engineered hydrogels. We find that leaky junctions prevent osmotic pressure gradients in early epiblasts and, instead, forces from apical actin polymerization drive lumen expansion. Once the lumen reaches a radius of ∼12 μm, tight junctions mature, and osmotic pressure gradients develop to drive further growth. Computational modeling indicates that apical actin polymerization into a stiff network mediates initial lumen expansion and predicts a transition to pressure-driven growth in larger epiblasts to avoid buckling. Human epiblasts show transcriptional signatures consistent with these mechanisms. Thus, actin polymerization drives lumen expansion in the human epiblast and may serve as a general mechanism of early lumenogenesis.

胚胎植入后,人类胚胎的多能上胚层会形成一个中央管腔,为胃形成铺平道路。渗透压梯度被认为是整个发育过程中管腔扩张的驱动力,但它们在人类上胚层中的作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们使用工程水凝胶研究了基于多能干细胞的上胚层模型中的管腔形成。我们发现,渗漏连接阻止了早期上胚泡中的渗透压梯度,相反,顶端肌动蛋白聚合的力量推动了管腔的扩张。一旦管腔半径达到 12 μm,紧密连接就会成熟,渗透压梯度就会形成,从而推动管腔进一步生长。计算模型表明,顶端肌动蛋白聚合成一个坚硬的网络介导了最初的管腔扩张,并预测较大的外胚层会过渡到压力驱动的生长,以避免弯曲。人类外胚层显示出与这些机制一致的转录特征。因此,肌动蛋白聚合推动了人类上胚层的管腔扩张,并可能成为早期管腔形成的一般机制。
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引用次数: 0
Alternative splicing of a chromatin modifier alters the transcriptional regulatory programs of stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation 染色质修饰因子的交替剪接改变了干细胞维持和神经元分化的转录调控程序
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.001
Mohammad Nazim, Chia-Ho Lin, An-Chieh Feng, Wen Xiao, Kyu-Hyeon Yeom, Mulin Li, Allison E. Daly, Xianglong Tan, Ha Vu, Jason Ernst, Michael F. Carey, Stephen T. Smale, Douglas L. Black

Development of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into neurons requires intricate regulation of transcription, splicing, and translation, but how these processes interconnect is not understood. We found that polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) controls splicing of DPF2, a subunit of BRG1/BRM-associated factor (BAF) chromatin remodeling complexes. Dpf2 exon 7 splicing is inhibited by PTBP1 to produce the DPF2-S isoform early in development. During neuronal differentiation, loss of PTBP1 allows exon 7 inclusion and DPF2-L expression. Different cellular phenotypes and gene expression programs were induced by these alternative DPF2 isoforms. We identified chromatin binding sites enriched for each DPF2 isoform, as well as sites bound by both. In ESC, DPF2-S preferential sites were bound by pluripotency factors. In neuronal progenitors, DPF2-S sites were bound by nuclear factor I (NFI), while DPF2-L sites were bound by CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF). DPF2-S sites exhibited enhancer modifications, while DPF2-L sites showed promoter modifications. Thus, alternative splicing redirects BAF complex targeting to impact chromatin organization during neuronal development.

胚胎干细胞(ESC)发育成神经元需要转录、剪接和翻译的复杂调控,但这些过程如何相互关联尚不清楚。我们发现多嘧啶束结合蛋白1(PTBP1)控制着DPF2的剪接,DPF2是BRG1/BRM相关因子(BAF)染色质重塑复合物的一个亚基。在发育早期,Dpf2 第 7 外显子的剪接会受到 PTBP1 的抑制,从而产生 DPF2-S 异构体。在神经元分化过程中,PTBP1 的缺失会导致外显子 7 的包含和 DPF2-L 的表达。这些DPF2异构体诱导了不同的细胞表型和基因表达程序。我们确定了富含每种 DPF2 异构体的染色质结合位点,以及两种 DPF2 异构体都结合的位点。在 ESC 中,DPF2-S 优先结合的位点被多能因子结合。在神经祖细胞中,DPF2-S位点与核因子I(NFI)结合,而DPF2-L位点与CCCTC结合因子(CTCF)结合。DPF2-S 位点表现出增强子修饰,而 DPF2-L 位点表现出启动子修饰。因此,在神经元发育过程中,替代剪接会重新定向 BAF 复合物靶向,从而影响染色质组织。
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引用次数: 0
Microbial metabolite steers intestinal stem cell fate under stress 微生物代谢物引导压力下的肠干细胞命运
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.006
Shu Zhu, Wen Pan

Recently in Cell Metabolism, Wei et al.1 unveiled a brain-to-gut pathway that conveys psychological stress to intestinal epithelial cells, leading to their dysfunction. This gut-brain axis involves a microbial metabolite, indole-3-acetate (IAA), as a niche signal that hampers mitochondrial respiration to skew intestinal stem cell (ISC) fate.

最近,Wei 等人1 在《细胞新陈代谢》(Cell Metabolism)杂志上揭示了一条从大脑到肠道的通路,这条通路将心理压力传递给肠道上皮细胞,导致其功能障碍。这一肠道-大脑轴涉及一种微生物代谢物--吲哚-3-乙酸酯(IAA),它是一种利基信号,阻碍线粒体呼吸,从而改变肠道干细胞(ISC)的命运。
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引用次数: 0
The epidermal circadian clock integrates and subverts brain signals to guarantee skin homeostasis 表皮昼夜节律时钟整合并颠覆大脑信号,保证皮肤平衡
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.013
Thomas Mortimer, Valentina M. Zinna, Muge Atalay, Carmelo Laudanna, Oleg Deryagin, Guillem Posas, Jacob G. Smith, Elisa García-Lara, Mireia Vaca-Dempere, Leonardo Vinícius Monteiro de Assis, Isabel Heyde, Kevin B. Koronowski, Paul Petrus, Carolina M. Greco, Stephen Forrow, Henrik Oster, Paolo Sassone-Corsi, Patrick-Simon Welz, Pura Muñoz-Cánoves, Salvador Aznar Benitah

In mammals, the circadian clock network drives daily rhythms of tissue-specific homeostasis. To dissect daily inter-tissue communication, we constructed a mouse minimal clock network comprising only two nodes: the peripheral epidermal clock and the central brain clock. By transcriptomic and functional characterization of this isolated connection, we identified a gatekeeping function of the peripheral tissue clock with respect to systemic inputs. The epidermal clock concurrently integrates and subverts brain signals to ensure timely execution of epidermal daily physiology. Timely cell-cycle termination in the epidermal stem cell compartment depends upon incorporation of clock-driven signals originating from the brain. In contrast, the epidermal clock corrects or outcompetes potentially disruptive feeding-related signals to ensure the optimal timing of DNA replication. Together, we present an approach for cataloging the systemic dependencies of daily temporal organization in a tissue and identify an essential gate-keeping function of peripheral circadian clocks that guarantees tissue homeostasis.

在哺乳动物中,昼夜节律时钟网络驱动着组织特异性平衡的日节律。为了剖析组织间的日常交流,我们构建了一个仅由两个节点组成的小鼠最小时钟网络:外周表皮时钟和中枢大脑时钟。通过对这一孤立连接进行转录组学和功能表征,我们确定了外周组织时钟对系统输入的把关功能。表皮时钟同时整合和颠覆大脑信号,以确保表皮日常生理活动的及时执行。表皮干细胞区的细胞周期能否及时终止,取决于是否结合了来自大脑的时钟驱动信号。与此相反,表皮时钟纠正或超越潜在的破坏性进食相关信号,以确保DNA复制的最佳时机。综上所述,我们提出了一种方法,用于对组织中每日时间组织的系统依赖性进行编目,并确定了外周昼夜节律钟保证组织稳态的重要守门功能。
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引用次数: 0
Hallmarks of cancer stemness 癌症干细胞的特征
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.004
Jia-Jian Loh, Stephanie Ma

Cancer stemness is recognized as a key component of tumor development. Previously coined “cancer stem cells” (CSCs) and believed to be a rare population with rigid hierarchical organization, there is good evidence to suggest that these cells exhibit a plastic cellular state influenced by dynamic CSC-niche interplay. This revelation underscores the need to reevaluate the hallmarks of cancer stemness. Herein, we summarize the techniques used to identify and characterize the state of these cells and discuss their defining and emerging hallmarks, along with their enabling and associated features. We also highlight potential future directions in this field of research.

癌症干细胞被认为是肿瘤发展的关键组成部分。癌症干细胞以前被称为 "癌症干细胞"(CSCs),并被认为是一种具有严格分层组织的稀有群体。这一启示强调了重新评估癌症干性特征的必要性。在此,我们总结了用于识别和描述这些细胞状态的技术,并讨论了它们的决定性特征和新出现的特征,以及它们的赋能特征和相关特征。我们还强调了这一研究领域未来的潜在方向。
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引用次数: 0
Actin pushes open a leaky lumen 肌动蛋白推开泄漏的管腔
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.003
Jia Guo, Yue Shao

Using a human stem cell-based model to understand how the human epiblast forms at the very beginning of implantation, Indana et al.1 establish a role for pushing forces that are generated by apical actin polymerization and reveal a two-stage, biomechanics-driven lumen growth process underlying epiblast cavity morphogenesis.

Indana 等人1 利用基于人类干细胞的模型来了解人类上胚层在植入初期是如何形成的,他们确定了由顶端肌动蛋白聚合产生的推力的作用,并揭示了上胚层空腔形态发生所依赖的两阶段生物力学驱动的腔体生长过程。
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引用次数: 0
Sox9-coordinated cellular neighborhoods generate fibrosis Sox9 协调的细胞邻域产生纤维化
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.009
Darrian Bugg, Jennifer Davis

Poorly regenerative organs deposit scar tissue to mend damage. Aggarwal et al. establish that transient Sox9 activity is necessary for early proximal tubule epithelial regeneration, while Trogisch et al. and Aggarwal et al. show that persistent Sox9 activity in epithelial and endothelial cells activates fibroblasts creating fibrotic microdomains in multiple organs.

再生能力差的器官会沉积瘢痕组织以修补损伤。Aggarwal 等人证实,瞬时 Sox9 活性是早期近端小管上皮再生的必要条件,而 Trogisch 等人和 Aggarwal 等人的研究则表明,上皮细胞和内皮细胞中持续的 Sox9 活性会激活成纤维细胞,在多个器官中形成纤维化微域。
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引用次数: 0
Connie Eaves (May 22, 1944–March 7, 2024) 康妮-伊夫(1944 年 5 月 22 日-2024 年 3 月 7 日)
IF 23.9 1区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.007
Ali Turhan, Franck Nicolini, François Lemoine, Laure Coulombel, Saghi Ghaffari
No Abstract
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Cell stem cell
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