Pub Date : 2015-04-07DOI: 10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22917
M. Farsi
In this study, to enhance Dimethyl Ether (DME) production from methanol dehydration, an isothermal fixed-bed reactor has been modeled heterogeneously against a commercial adiabatic reactor at dynamic condition. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out to evaluate the influence of input variables on the process conditions using considered dynamic model. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the feed composition is the main input variable in this system. Also, the process controllability has been investigated using a conventional feedback PID controller. The outlet DME composition from the reactor and circulated boiling water pressure in the steam drum are selected as controlled and manipulated variables, respectively. The responses of the control system to disturbance rejection and setpoint tracking showed that the considered control structure can maintain the process at the desired condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22917 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 40-51
{"title":"Dynamic modeling and controllability analysis of DME production in an isothermal fixed bed reactor","authors":"M. Farsi","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22917","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, to enhance Dimethyl Ether (DME) production from methanol dehydration, an isothermal fixed-bed reactor has been modeled heterogeneously against a commercial adiabatic reactor at dynamic condition. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out to evaluate the influence of input variables on the process conditions using considered dynamic model. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the feed composition is the main input variable in this system. Also, the process controllability has been investigated using a conventional feedback PID controller. The outlet DME composition from the reactor and circulated boiling water pressure in the steam drum are selected as controlled and manipulated variables, respectively. The responses of the control system to disturbance rejection and setpoint tracking showed that the considered control structure can maintain the process at the desired condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22917 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 40-51","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91408293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-07DOI: 10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22915
M. Esfandyari, M. Amiri, M. K. Salooki
Application of Co (III)/Al 2 O 3 catalyst in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) was studied in a wide range of synthesis gas conversions and compared with ANN Simulation results. Present study applies Neural Network model to predict composition of CH 4 , CO 2 and CO of the Fischer–Tropsch Process of Natural Gas, while the input vector was 4-dimension vector including four variables from operating pressure, operating temperature, time and ratio of CO/H 2 of 70 different experiments and the output were composition of CO 2 , CO and CH 4 . The MLP algorithm has been applied for the training and the test set was applied to evaluate the performance of the system including R2, MAE, MSE and RMSE. The results exposed that the predicted values from the model were in good agreement with the experimental data. The paper indicates how Neural Network, as a promising predicting technique, would be effectively used for FTS. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22915 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 25-33
{"title":"NEURAL NETWORK PREDICTION OF THE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS OF NATURAL GAS WITH Co (III)/Al2O3 CATALYST","authors":"M. Esfandyari, M. Amiri, M. K. Salooki","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22915","url":null,"abstract":"Application of Co (III)/Al 2 O 3 catalyst in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) was studied in a wide range of synthesis gas conversions and compared with ANN Simulation results. Present study applies Neural Network model to predict composition of CH 4 , CO 2 and CO of the Fischer–Tropsch Process of Natural Gas, while the input vector was 4-dimension vector including four variables from operating pressure, operating temperature, time and ratio of CO/H 2 of 70 different experiments and the output were composition of CO 2 , CO and CH 4 . The MLP algorithm has been applied for the training and the test set was applied to evaluate the performance of the system including R2, MAE, MSE and RMSE. The results exposed that the predicted values from the model were in good agreement with the experimental data. The paper indicates how Neural Network, as a promising predicting technique, would be effectively used for FTS. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22915 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 25-33","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78074699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-07DOI: 10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22914
I. Hossain, A. Rakib, Badruddhuza Talukder, H. Hira
Gas holdup in the column section of bubble columns is determined by a large number of operating-design variables-parameters. In this study the effect of orifice inclination on the gas holdup is investigated at various superficial gas velocities. It is observed that the effect depends largely on the gas velocities. At very low gas velocities such as 0.015-0.076 cm/s where truly dispersed-bubble regime prevails, an inclination of the orifice keeping the size unchanged tends to decrease the gas holdup. However this effect diminishes with increasing gas velocity and no remarkable effect is found at relatively higher gas velocities like 2.20-8.50 cm/s where dispersed-transition-coalesced bubble regimes prevail. Therefore when bubble columns are intended to operate at very low superficial gas velocities, the orifice inclination is also an alternative option to control the gas holdup at the desired level. The experimental results produced in this study would be useful for the development and validation of proper mathematical model. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22914 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 18-24
{"title":"EXPERIMENENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ORIFICE INCLINATION ON GAS HOLDUP IN BUBBLE COLUMNS","authors":"I. Hossain, A. Rakib, Badruddhuza Talukder, H. Hira","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22914","url":null,"abstract":"Gas holdup in the column section of bubble columns is determined by a large number of operating-design variables-parameters. In this study the effect of orifice inclination on the gas holdup is investigated at various superficial gas velocities. It is observed that the effect depends largely on the gas velocities. At very low gas velocities such as 0.015-0.076 cm/s where truly dispersed-bubble regime prevails, an inclination of the orifice keeping the size unchanged tends to decrease the gas holdup. However this effect diminishes with increasing gas velocity and no remarkable effect is found at relatively higher gas velocities like 2.20-8.50 cm/s where dispersed-transition-coalesced bubble regimes prevail. Therefore when bubble columns are intended to operate at very low superficial gas velocities, the orifice inclination is also an alternative option to control the gas holdup at the desired level. The experimental results produced in this study would be useful for the development and validation of proper mathematical model. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22914 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 18-24","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82982588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-07DOI: 10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22913
B. Baloochy, S. Shokri
Knowledge of accurate process measurements in the form of Flow, temperature and pressure strongly affect product quality, process real time optimization and control, plant safety and plant profitability. The paper reports an experience with online data filtering in Naphtha Hydrotreater setup. First, pilot plant data is analyzed for detecting and removing faulty data and gross errors. To remove noise hidden in the process data, a fast and adaptive data denoising technique is proposed. The proposed technique is based on the recursive least square to identify the pilot plant model and the Kalman filter to reconcile noisy data. This technique offers competitive advantages over conventional approaches: Independent and adaptive model and less computation time. From several pilot runs, the proposed technique has shown good performance in terms of accuracy and speed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22913 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 11-17
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF ONLINE DATA FILTERING BASED ON KALMAN FILTER","authors":"B. Baloochy, S. Shokri","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22913","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of accurate process measurements in the form of Flow, temperature and pressure strongly affect product quality, process real time optimization and control, plant safety and plant profitability. The paper reports an experience with online data filtering in Naphtha Hydrotreater setup. First, pilot plant data is analyzed for detecting and removing faulty data and gross errors. To remove noise hidden in the process data, a fast and adaptive data denoising technique is proposed. The proposed technique is based on the recursive least square to identify the pilot plant model and the Kalman filter to reconcile noisy data. This technique offers competitive advantages over conventional approaches: Independent and adaptive model and less computation time. From several pilot runs, the proposed technique has shown good performance in terms of accuracy and speed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22913 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 11-17","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90188430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-04-07DOI: 10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22910
M. Hossen, Alfi Rahman, A. Kabir, M. Hasan, Shoeb Ahmed
With the rapid industrial growth, the need for renewable energy sources is rising fast. Being a developing country, Bangladesh aims towards industrial expansion, which is always followed by increased energy consumption. Considering the fact that fossil fuel is not sustainable and biomass sources are abundant and offer more versatility, the latter have become an attractive alternative to petroleum-based products. Moreover, utilization of biomass also seems promising because of biodegradability and lower greenhouse gas emissions, ensuring reduced environmental pollution, a grave concern with fossil-fuel technology. Biomass can range from agricultural byproducts to industrial and municipal wastes, however, very few biomass sources are currently being used in Bangladesh. Moreover, biomass can also be utilized to derive valuable chemicals, which are potential raw materials in several existing industries in Bangladesh. Despite having massive potential in Bangladesh, there haven't been organized studies on feedstock types, quantities, characterization and applications. Here we present an organized study to identify potential biomass sources and their available quantities. Considering specific waste fractions from varying sources, total amount of utilizable biomass resources have been calculated. A categorized proximate analysis data summary of varying biomass is also prepared that can be consulted in the future studies to calculate the theoretical possible production of energy as well as useful bio-chemicals based on efficient bio-processing techniques. This work is intended to benchmark the current efforts, and would add valuable information resources for the ongoing research towards achieving energy-sustainability and energy-security in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22910 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 1-10
{"title":"CATEGORICAL ASSESSMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CONVENTIONAL AND UNCONVENTIONAL BIOMASS RESOURCES IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. Hossen, Alfi Rahman, A. Kabir, M. Hasan, Shoeb Ahmed","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V17I1.22910","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid industrial growth, the need for renewable energy sources is rising fast. Being a developing country, Bangladesh aims towards industrial expansion, which is always followed by increased energy consumption. Considering the fact that fossil fuel is not sustainable and biomass sources are abundant and offer more versatility, the latter have become an attractive alternative to petroleum-based products. Moreover, utilization of biomass also seems promising because of biodegradability and lower greenhouse gas emissions, ensuring reduced environmental pollution, a grave concern with fossil-fuel technology. Biomass can range from agricultural byproducts to industrial and municipal wastes, however, very few biomass sources are currently being used in Bangladesh. Moreover, biomass can also be utilized to derive valuable chemicals, which are potential raw materials in several existing industries in Bangladesh. Despite having massive potential in Bangladesh, there haven't been organized studies on feedstock types, quantities, characterization and applications. Here we present an organized study to identify potential biomass sources and their available quantities. Considering specific waste fractions from varying sources, total amount of utilizable biomass resources have been calculated. A categorized proximate analysis data summary of varying biomass is also prepared that can be consulted in the future studies to calculate the theoretical possible production of energy as well as useful bio-chemicals based on efficient bio-processing techniques. This work is intended to benchmark the current efforts, and would add valuable information resources for the ongoing research towards achieving energy-sustainability and energy-security in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v17i1.22910 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 17(2015) 1-10","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87502719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-29DOI: 10.3329/CERB.V16I1.17471
G. M. Mamoor, W. Shahid, Amir Mushtaq, U. Amjad, U. Mehmood
This research work was undertaken to investigate the spectroscopic, morphological and rheological properties of polymer blends made of recycled Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyethylene (PE) and Polyvinylchloride (PVC). Different blends of these polymers were made by varying composition of PET. Each recycled blend consisted of recycled polymers and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) as a compatiblizer. Spectroscopic and morphological characteristics of recycled polymer blends were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) respectively. SEM analysis revealed low miscibility among these three polymers. While rheological properties were investigated using Melt Flow Indexer (MFI). The rheological characterization indicated that melt flow index (MFI) decreases with increase of PET concentration in PE/PET/PVC recycled blends. It was also observed that with increase of PET contents recycled blends show pseudoplastic behavior. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.17471 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 25-32
{"title":"RECYCLING OF MIXED PLASTICS WASTE CONTAINING POLYETHYLENE, POLYVINYLCHLORIDE AND POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE","authors":"G. M. Mamoor, W. Shahid, Amir Mushtaq, U. Amjad, U. Mehmood","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V16I1.17471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V16I1.17471","url":null,"abstract":"This research work was undertaken to investigate the spectroscopic, morphological and rheological properties of polymer blends made of recycled Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), Polyethylene (PE) and Polyvinylchloride (PVC). Different blends of these polymers were made by varying composition of PET. Each recycled blend consisted of recycled polymers and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) as a compatiblizer. Spectroscopic and morphological characteristics of recycled polymer blends were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) respectively. SEM analysis revealed low miscibility among these three polymers. While rheological properties were investigated using Melt Flow Indexer (MFI). The rheological characterization indicated that melt flow index (MFI) decreases with increase of PET concentration in PE/PET/PVC recycled blends. It was also observed that with increase of PET contents recycled blends show pseudoplastic behavior. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.17471 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 25-32","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73146840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comparison was studied for non-treated and pretreated corn stover with dilute alkaline peroxide and dilute acid treatment respectively for bioethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process in a continuous stirred batch bioreactor using fungi Aspergillus oryzae . The optimum parameters for bioethanol fermentation were: time, 48 h; pH, 6.0; temperature, 50oC; stirring speed, 35 rpm; and corn stover loading, 35 g/L. The maximum concentration of bioethanol at optimum fermentation process parameters were 0.762 g/g, 0.799 g/g and 0.819 g/g for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. Maximum yields of bioethanol were 0.399 g/L h, 0.420 g/L.h and 0.431 g/L h of corn stover at optimum parameters for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The sp. growth rate (m) were 5.30 s −1 , 5.54 s −1 , and 5.93 s −1 and maximum sp. growth rate (m max ) were 10.60 s −1 , 11.08 s −1 and 11.86 s −1 using Monod model for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The Monod parameter (K s ) were 33.87 g/L, 34.21 g/L and 34.85 g/L for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The sp. enzyme activity (ν) were 1192 min −1 , 1463 min −1 and 1559 min −1 and maximum sp. growth rate (ν max ) were 2384 min −1 , 2926 min −1 and 3118 min −1 using Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetic model for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The Michaelis-Menten parameter (K m ) were 34.42 g/L, 34.63 g/L and 34.85 g/L for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The first order rate constants (k) were 0.014 h −1 , 0.016 h −1 and 0.019 h −1 for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover for continuous stirred batch bioreactor respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.6659 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 33-44
{"title":"Bioethanol Fermentation from Non-Treated and Pretreated Corn Stover using Aspergillus Oryzae","authors":"S. M. Hossain","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V16I1.6659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V16I1.6659","url":null,"abstract":"A comparison was studied for non-treated and pretreated corn stover with dilute alkaline peroxide and dilute acid treatment respectively for bioethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process in a continuous stirred batch bioreactor using fungi Aspergillus oryzae . The optimum parameters for bioethanol fermentation were: time, 48 h; pH, 6.0; temperature, 50oC; stirring speed, 35 rpm; and corn stover loading, 35 g/L. The maximum concentration of bioethanol at optimum fermentation process parameters were 0.762 g/g, 0.799 g/g and 0.819 g/g for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. Maximum yields of bioethanol were 0.399 g/L h, 0.420 g/L.h and 0.431 g/L h of corn stover at optimum parameters for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The sp. growth rate (m) were 5.30 s −1 , 5.54 s −1 , and 5.93 s −1 and maximum sp. growth rate (m max ) were 10.60 s −1 , 11.08 s −1 and 11.86 s −1 using Monod model for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The Monod parameter (K s ) were 33.87 g/L, 34.21 g/L and 34.85 g/L for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The sp. enzyme activity (ν) were 1192 min −1 , 1463 min −1 and 1559 min −1 and maximum sp. growth rate (ν max ) were 2384 min −1 , 2926 min −1 and 3118 min −1 using Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetic model for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The Michaelis-Menten parameter (K m ) were 34.42 g/L, 34.63 g/L and 34.85 g/L for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover respectively. The first order rate constants (k) were 0.014 h −1 , 0.016 h −1 and 0.019 h −1 for non-treated, dilute acid and dilute alkaline peroxide pretreated corn stover for continuous stirred batch bioreactor respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.6659 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 33-44","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76902863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article investigates the influence of radiation effect on steady free convection flow near isothermal stretching porous sheet in the presence of magnetic field. The governing equations are converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations via a similarity transformation. The resulting system of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by using the Adams-Moulton predictor-corrector method with the shooting method. The numerical results for the velocity and temperature profiles are displayed graphically showing the effect of various values of the flow parameters: radiation parameter, free convection parameter Gr, Magnetic parameter M, Prandtl number, porous parameter K and the parameter of relative difference between the temperature of the sheet, and the temperature far away from the sheet r . The effect of the radiation and magnetic field parameter on the shear stress, porosity and heat flux are discussed. FPr DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.9287 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 16-24
{"title":"RADIATION EFFECT ON MHD STEADY FREE CONVECTION FLOW OF A GAS AT A STRETCHING POROUS SURFACE WITH A UNIFORM FREE STREAM","authors":"K. Govardhan, S. Renuka, N. Kishan","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V16I1.9287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V16I1.9287","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the influence of radiation effect on steady free convection flow near isothermal stretching porous sheet in the presence of magnetic field. The governing equations are converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations via a similarity transformation. The resulting system of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by using the Adams-Moulton predictor-corrector method with the shooting method. The numerical results for the velocity and temperature profiles are displayed graphically showing the effect of various values of the flow parameters: radiation parameter, free convection parameter Gr, Magnetic parameter M, Prandtl number, porous parameter K and the parameter of relative difference between the temperature of the sheet, and the temperature far away from the sheet r . The effect of the radiation and magnetic field parameter on the shear stress, porosity and heat flux are discussed. FPr DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.9287 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 16-24","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81346838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-29DOI: 10.3329/CERB.V16I1.12720
B. Baloochy
This paper presents a novel and robust fuzzy controller. The controller has conventional fuzzy inputs membership functions but has Bang-bang subsequent outputs membership functions. The controller on-line adaptation is accomplished by tuning and self-organizing the input membership functions. New rules and membership functions are created on-line with sliding mode control knowledge base rules. The system’s closed loop stability is assured for each rule, which is stable in sense of Lyapunov. The suggested controller performance and analysis is confirmed by simulation of well know non-linear benchmark problems. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.12720 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 45-60
{"title":"A Robust Approach in Nonlinear Fuzzy Control of Chemical Process","authors":"B. Baloochy","doi":"10.3329/CERB.V16I1.12720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/CERB.V16I1.12720","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel and robust fuzzy controller. The controller has conventional fuzzy inputs membership functions but has Bang-bang subsequent outputs membership functions. The controller on-line adaptation is accomplished by tuning and self-organizing the input membership functions. New rules and membership functions are created on-line with sliding mode control knowledge base rules. The system’s closed loop stability is assured for each rule, which is stable in sense of Lyapunov. The suggested controller performance and analysis is confirmed by simulation of well know non-linear benchmark problems. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.12720 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 45-60","PeriodicalId":9756,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77471669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-29DOI: 10.3329/CERB.V16I1.17470
E. A. Khan, A. Rajendran, Z. Lai
SiO 2 /Silicalite-1 core-shell material has been demonstrated as potential shape selective adsorbent in gas phase separation of p-xylene from a mixture of p/o-xylene isomers. The core-shell composite comprised of large silica core and thin polycrystalline silicalite-1 shell which was synthesized via a self-assembly of silicalite-1 nanocrystals on core silica surface followed by a secondary seeded growth method. The core materials, SiO 2 used in this study has mesoporosity with an average pore diameter of 60A and hence offers no shape selectivity for xylene isomers. However, the shell, silicalite-1 contains rigid pore structures and preferentially adsorbs p-xylene from their isomers mixtures. A series of adsorption fixed bed breakthrough adsorption/desorption experiment was performed to obtain the equilibrium isotherms and adsorption isotherm parameters of xylene isomers. The equilibrium isotherms of xylene isomers follow the Langmuir’s model. A chromatographic adsorption model has been used to describe the fixed-bed breakthrough profiles of xylene isomers. The model has successfully predicted the responses of the binary mixtures of p/o-xylene isomers. The SiO 2 /silicalite-1 core-shell adsorbents have shown para-selectivity as high as 15. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v16i1.17470 Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 16(2013) 1-15
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