Catena最新文献

{"title":"Multi-annual evolution of coastal dunes: Transition from fixed to transgressive dunes state","authors":"Alexandre Nicolae Lerma ,&nbsp;Olivier Burvingt ,&nbsp;Bruno Castelle ,&nbsp;Bruce Ayache ,&nbsp;Nicolas Robin ,&nbsp;David Rosebery ,&nbsp;Julie Billy","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most of coastal dunes located in temperate latitudes, especially in the Northern Hemisphere, are relatively stable. However, along the Gironde coast (SW France) substantial dune remobilization has been observed over the last decade following major marine erosion events during the 2013–2014 winter. This study is based on the analysis of a robust dataset including (i) 10 high-resolution Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) derived from airborne LiDAR surveys conducted over a 12-year period (2011−2023) and (ii) 7 Satellite-derived Digital maps of dune vegetation cover derived from Sentinel-2 satellite images acquired between 2017 and 2023. These morphological and biological parameters are linked to forcing parameters derived from observed wind data, to provide a comprehensive analysis of coastal dune changes related to the transition from vegetation-fixed dunes to the development of transgressive dunes. For the first time, morphological and vegetation dynamics are explored over a large spatial scale (tens of km), covering a range of initial dune morphology and sediment supply.</div><div>Dunes have transitioned from stable to transgressive states primarily driven by sediment stoss slope recycling process (cannibalism) across a gradient of alongshore variable dune sediment budget, ranging from slightly negative to notably positive (+10 to 15 m³/m/yr), Along this coast, transgressive dunes defined as dune migrating via similar stoss and lee slope migration rates, have tripled in number over the last 10 years (reaching ≈ 15 km or 17.3 % of the studied coast). At the center of the Gironde coast where dunes are heavily remobilised, the lee slope of the dune translates landward at a rate of several meters to more than 10 m/year. In the following years, dunes will probably continue to migrate and remobilise across a broader scale if no re-stabilization management plan is implemented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109787"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering sediment connectivity drivers in the loess watershed of northwestern Hebei Province using machine learning and structural equation modeling","authors":"Yibo Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Yancang Li ,&nbsp;Ke Wu ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Qi ,&nbsp;Zhe Li","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sediment connectivity is a crucial metric for characterizing erosion and sediment transport within watersheds, influenced by the complex interplay of multiple factors. However, current research has inadequately explored the cascading effects of these driving pathways. This study investigates a typical watershed in the loess region of northwestern Hebei, China, where 13 potential driving factors, such as topography, vegetation, and gully morphological features, are systematically extracted by combining high-precision DEMs with high-resolution GF-7 and Sentinel-2 imagery. A unique integrated analytical framework combining machine learning and structural equation modeling was developed. To assess factor relevance, Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models were initially employed, followed by the selection of the optimal feature subset using Shapley values from SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Subsequently, a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was constructed to quantitatively evaluate the driving pathways influencing sediment connectivity. The results indicate that vegetation factors (<em>NDVI</em>, <em>LAI</em>), topographical factors (<em>LS</em>, <em>K</em>_p), and gully characteristics (<em>A</em>, <em>L</em>) are the primary variables identified by RF and XGBoost in combination with SHAP. With a high path value of 0.66, topography strongly increases sediment connectivity, while vegetation considerably reduces connectivity with a path coefficient of −0.45. Gully erosion contributes positively to sediment connectivity with a coefficient of 0.17 and is jointly controlled by vegetation (path coefficient = −0.10) and topography (path coefficient = 0.54). This primarily reflects topography's dominant control, which outweighs vegetation's comparatively little suppressive effect. Furthermore, regarding goodness-of-fit, the PLS-SEM model with optimal components outperformed the conventional SEM by 19.3 %. This study presents a novel multi-model integration framework that delivers innovative insights for driving factor selection, effect analysis, and cascading pathway assessment. It provides a robust analytical approach for investigating sediment connectivity mechanisms and offers theoretical guidance for optimizing soil and water conservation strategies in loess watersheds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109752"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regime shifts driven by grazing of an inland river wetland ecosystem","authors":"Shaojie Chu ,&nbsp;Yixuan Wang ,&nbsp;Tingxi Liu ,&nbsp;Limin Duan ,&nbsp;Yajun Zhou ,&nbsp;Jin Sun ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Guixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Mingyang Li ,&nbsp;Yingnan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2026.109801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2026.109801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As crucial transitional zones between aquatic and terrestrial systems, inland river wetlands play essential roles in the local hydrological cycling, material transformation, and energy transport. Under intensive grazing pressure in semi-arid grasslands, wetland ecosystems may undergo catastrophic regime shifts from a “moist-healthy” to a “dry-degraded” state, characterized by reductions in soil moisture, nutrient availability, productivity, and vegetation cover. This study investigates a representative inland river wetland to elucidate its regime shifts and driving mechanisms under grazing pressure. Based on a series of in-situ investigations, multiple stable states in the ecosystem were identified through analysis of stoichiometric homeostasis. Key eco-hydrological variables, including soil organic carbon, fractional vegetation cover, below-ground biomass, and soil moisture content, exhibited nonlinear, asymmetric, and hysteretic responses to increasing grazing pressure. Using soil bulk density to quantify grazing pressure, we identified non-equilibrium threshold intervals for these variables as 1.38–1.47, 1.01–1.39, 0.98–1.46, and 0.97–1.54 g·cm⁻³, respectively. Comparative analysis of resistance and resilience among these variables identified a critical threshold of 1.0–1.5 g·cm⁻³ for the ecosystem-level regime shift. The soil moisture content may serve as a potential early-warning signal for a critical transition. Furthermore, hydrological function deterioration and stoichiometric imbalance caused by grazing disturbances led to changes in community structure, ultimately driving the ecosystem regime shifts. These findings provide significant insights into our understanding of ecosystem regime shifts, and offer a scientific reference for the conservation and management of inland river wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109801"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shrub encroachment enhances soil multifunctionality by promoting interdomain interactions and reducing bacterial network complexity and competition","authors":"Yudu Jing ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Liu ,&nbsp;Junhao Feng ,&nbsp;Ke Liang ,&nbsp;Zhiyou Yuan ,&nbsp;Jianchu Xu ,&nbsp;Changhui Peng ,&nbsp;Qiang Yu ,&nbsp;Liang Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2026.109798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2026.109798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shrub encroachment significantly alters both above- and below-ground ecological processes in semi-arid grasslands. However, its effects on soil multifunctionality and the underlying microbial mechanisms are not well understood. This study explored the impact of shrub encroachment on soil multifunctionality, microbial diversity, community composition, and microbial networks (both intra- and interdomain) in a typical semi-arid grassland on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Our findings revealed that shrub encroachment profoundly enhanced soil multifunctionality, closely linked to increased microbial diversity, restructured community composition, and altered patterns of microbial interactions. Specifically, bacterial intradomain links—particularly negative links—decreased, resulting in less complex and potentially less competitive bacterial networks. In contrast, the complexity of bacteria-fungi interdomain networks increased significantly, indicating strengthened interdomain connections. This shift from intense intradomain co-exclusion to enhanced interdomain co-occurrence played key roles in enhancing soil multifunctionality, as supported by the Partial least-square pathway model. Collectively, these findings highlight a strategic shift of soil microbial interaction networks under shrub encroachment, illustrating that the adaptive balance between microbial positive and negative interactions plays a pivotal role in regulating soil multifunctionality. This study advances our understanding of the ecological consequences and mechanisms of shrub encroachment in semi-arid grasslands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109798"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme weather events and earthquakes intensify the old landslides reactivation over the past decade revealed by InSAR","authors":"Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Ren-mao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reactivation of old landslides is increasingly reported worldwide, yet important uncertainties remain regarding how multi-stage reactivation evolves over decadal timescales and how the dominance of different triggers shifts across time scales, especially where extreme weather events, earthquakes, and human disturbance co-occur. Here we quantify 2014–2024 kinematics of two old landslides in the piedmont of the Qilian Mountains, China, using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), and link deformation to hydro-ecological conditions, geomorphology, and anthropogenic disturbance. The landslides exhibit pronounced spatiotemporal deformation over the past decade, with cumulative displacement reaching −141 mm and peak velocities up to 52 mm/year. Notable spatial variability in deformation was observed, which strongly correlates with the distribution of springs, pastoral living sites, NDVI, and slope within the old sliding body. Deformation rates tend to be higher in gently sloping areas with a high density of pastoral settlements, indicating the potential destabilizing effect of human activities on slope stability. Analysis of reactivation mechanism indicates a strong positive correlation with increased temperature over the long term, while heavy rainfall, high temperature, and earthquakes (M &gt; 6) act as short-term accelerators. InSAR time series further reveal three distinct acceleration modes, highlighting that reactivation is not a single process but a sequence of stage-dependent responses to compound forcings. Moreover, we analyzed the impact of old landslide reactivation and revealed significant expansion of boundaries, gullies, and channels, and a decline in NDVI between 2014 and 2024. It also induced secondary landslides and debris flows, increasing the risk of cascading geological hazards. Our results provide a decadal, process-based template to diagnose time-scale-dependent controls and acceleration modes of old landslide reactivation, with implications for hazard assessment in cryosphere-seismic transition zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109782"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mosses and cyanobacteria increased soil moisture and alleviated soil dehydration caused by dry-wet alternation in subtropical humid region","authors":"Ruyi Zi ,&nbsp;Zhen Han ,&nbsp;Qian Fang ,&nbsp;Xiaoai Yin ,&nbsp;Fayong Fang ,&nbsp;Xiaohe Qian ,&nbsp;Sheng Li ,&nbsp;Longshan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2026.109792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2026.109792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mosses and cyanobacteria are multifunctional communities that regulate the eco-hydrological functions of soil and are increasingly recognized as promising, sustainable resources for restoring degraded ecosystems. However, current knowledge regarding the effects of mosses and cyanobacteria on eco-hydrological processes in degraded karst environments remains limited. To provide more insight into this issue, a 14-month field monitoring experiment was conducted to explore the influence of mosses and cyanobacteria on soil moisture dynamics in the top layer under three treatments: Inoculated <em>Hypnum cupressiforme</em>, covered <em>Nostoc commune</em> and bare soil. The results showed that <em>Hypnum cupressiforme</em> and <em>Nostoc commune</em> treatments significantly increased shallow soil moisture by 6.09 %–14.6 % and 1.05 % -10.8 % in the 5 cm soil layer, by 0.34 % -9.6 % and 0.43 % -7.01 % in the 10 cm soil layer, respectively. Compared with bare soil, <em>Hypnum cupressiforme</em> treatment to slow down the rate of soil dehydration was superior to that of <em>Nostoc commune</em> treatment during the drying season; during the wetting season, <em>Hypnum cupressiforme</em> treatment significantly slowed down the loss rate of soil moisture, while <em>Nostoc commune</em> treatment only slowed down the loss rate of soil moisture in 10 cm soil layer, but accelerated the loss of soil moisture in 5 cm soil layer, which may be attributed to the high sensitivity of <em>Nostoc commune</em> to water. The runoff depth of bare soil were 1.55–9.14 times and 3.52–131.41 times than that of <em>Hypnum cupressiforme</em> and <em>Nostoc commune</em>, respectively, which indicated that <em>Hypnum cupressiforme</em> and <em>Nostoc commune</em> play a role in controlling runoff and increasing water infiltration. This study can contribute to the further understanding of the eco-hydrological processes and hydrological simulation of the humid ecosystem</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109792"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impacts of economic forest restoration on soil physical quality in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China: A functional perspective","authors":"Yingni Du ,&nbsp;Yundong Wang ,&nbsp;Yiwen Zhou ,&nbsp;Yujie Wei ,&nbsp;Zhaoxia Li ,&nbsp;Junguang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Economic forestry has become a key strategy for vegetation restoration on abandoned cropland due to its ecological and economic benefits. However, despite its ongoing expansion, long-term differences in soil quality compared with natural restoration and temporal dynamic remain unclear. Using long-term cultivated cropland as a reference, this study compared soil physical properties between long-term restored (35 years) natural vegetation (forests and grasslands) and economic forestry (orchards), examined the temporal evolution of soil physical properties in orchards at different restoration stages (5, 15, 25, and 35 years), and evaluated soil physical quality (SPQI) for all restoration treatments using multiple physical functional indices. The results showed that long-term natural restoration markedly enhanced SPQI by over 42 % compared with cropland (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). This improvement was driven by increases in soil aeration porosity (SAC) and mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD), and a marked reduction in soil erodibility (K) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). These changes enhanced soil resistance to erosion and degradation (SPF₃) as well as soil aeration and gas exchange functions (SPF₄) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In contrast, long-term orchard restoration resulted in SPQI values comparable to cropland. Although improvements in deep-soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and available water content (AWC) enhanced the water-supply function (SPF₂) by 41 %, persistently high bulk density (BD) and penetration resistance (PR) reduced the root-supporting function (SPF₁) by 48 % (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), offsetting the functional gains. Temporal analysis revealed that SPQI showed no significant change with orchard restoration duration. In the initial 5 years, reductions in BD and PR temporarily increased SPF₁ by 38 % (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), but other functions remained similar to cropland. From 15 to 35 years, soil compaction increased BD and PR, reducing SPF₁ by at least 39 %, while improvements in Ks and MWD enhanced SPF₂ and SPF₃ by over 30 % and 84 %, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). These functional trade-offs ultimately resulted in a stable SPQI over time. These findings provide a reference for optimizing the management of economic forest restoration to improve soil quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109758"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated modelling of sediment and organic carbon fluxes in a large catchment: quantifying riverine contributions to the Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Clément Fabre ,&nbsp;Yoann Copard ,&nbsp;Sabine Sauvage ,&nbsp;Olivier Radakovitch ,&nbsp;Hervé Piegay ,&nbsp;José Miguel Sánchez-Pérez ,&nbsp;Mathieu Fressard ,&nbsp;Olivier Boutron","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2026.109794","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2026.109794","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within the Land Ocean Aquatic Continuum, the export of dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC, POC) is crucial for various processes in aquatic ecosystems and a primary source of greenhouse gas emissions in hydrosystems. Quantifying DOC and POC fluxes at high spatiotemporal resolution is complex because numerous sources and processes influence their dynamics, including climate, geological, and anthropogenic activities. Such quantifications at the catchment scale can be performed using hydrological models that consider OC processes. This study employed the Soil and Water Assessment Tool – Carbon (SWAT-C) to simulate OC dynamics in the large Mediterranean catchment of the Rhône River from 2002 to 2020. We represent hydrological and sediment fluxes at the catchment scale by accounting for sub-catchment diversity and dam operations. The average resulting exports reach 5.52 Mt. y⁻¹, 78.8 kt y⁻¹, and 95.1 kt y⁻¹ with 54.4 %, 71.5 %, and 44.3 % exported during the highest discharges for sediment, POC, and DOC, respectively. The contributions of the southern sub-basins to POC and DOC fluxes are significant, while the northern sub-basins do not show significant patterns. Regarding OC quality, the proportions of labile/refractory OC at the Rhône outlet are 85/15 and 5/95 for POC and DOC, respectively. Global changes could alter flows, such as the labile/refractory OC proportions, which should be quantified using the tool developed in this article to anticipate their impacts on biogeochemical dynamics in the Mediterranean Sea. Finally, our study demonstrates the potential and limitations of SWAT-C for modelling OC dynamics in a large Mediterranean catchment under multiple anthropogenic pressures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109794"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of groundwater salt pollution in semi-arid watershed disturbed by agricultural activities: Lake Tuz (Salt Lake) Basin, Turkey","authors":"Miraç Eryiğit","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper aimed at modelling and investigating a groundwater salt pollution/contamination in the Lake Tuz (Salt Lake) Basin (29,425 km², Central Anatolia, Turkey), in which intensive agricultural activities have been applied throughout the years, in addition to the natural resources (salty lakes). MT3DMS was used by utilizing the groundwater flow model of <span><span>Eryiğit (2025)</span></span> to simulate the groundwater salt pollution of the watershed under transient conditions. The input files of MT3DMS were generated by GMS groundwater simulator. The model was yearly simulated for 19 years from 2000 to 2018. Model calibration and validation were carried out by using groundwater quality observation data of 2000–2012 and 2013–2018, respectively. Electrical conductivity (μS/cm) data were converted to Total Dissolved Solids (g/l) for representing a salinity (as a salt concentration). To improve parameter estimations, the groundwater model parameters were calibrated by the modified Clonal Selection Algorithm (a class of Artificial Immune Systems) linked with MT3DMS in MATLAB. Recharge concentration was calibrated based on the land use/cover (30 different types) while other parameters (porosity, longitudinal dispersivity, sorption) were calibrated depending on the aquifer lithology (23 aquifers). Furthermore, the groundwater contaminant transport model was run to estimate groundwater salt concentrations within the scenario based on increasing agricultural activities in the future. Owing to/thanks to the model, predictions of the groundwater salt pollution depending on both anthropogenic (agriculture) and natural (lakes) factors were performed in the Lake Tuz watershed for the first time as a largest scaled spatiotemporal groundwater quality (salinity) model with a long simulation period (19 years) in Turkey.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109790"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractionation of rare earth elements in carbonate nodules of alluvial soils along a chronosequence","authors":"Hui Zhen Hum ,&nbsp;Mei-Fei Chu ,&nbsp;Wen-Shu Huang ,&nbsp;Franz Zehetner ,&nbsp;Zeng-Yei Hseu","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rare earth elements (REEs) have been detected in soil carbonate nodules, where their redistribution patterns can offer valuable insights into pedogenesis over various time scales. This study aimed to characterize the signature and fractionation of REEs in carbonate nodules of aged-alluvial soils along a chronosequence in the sub-humid coastal plain of southwestern Taiwan. Four Alfisol pedons containing carbonate nodules were sampled along a chronosequence, with soil ages estimated by the phases of shoreline transgression and regression to be 10,000 BP (Before Present), 8000 BP, 5000 BP, and 3000 BP. The nodules were predominantly comprised of calcite with minor amounts of quartz, chlorite, and illite. REEs concentrations were lower in the nodules than in the bulk soils (12.7–108 v.s. 132–315 mg kg⁻¹). The upper continental crust normalized distribution patterns of REEs in the nodules differed from those of REEs in the corresponding bulk soils. Lower (La/Sm)_N and (La/Yb)_N indicated higher levels of heavy REEs (HREEs) in the nodules than in the bulk soils, implying that REEs fractionation occurred within the nodules during progressive pedogenesis. No trends in the REEs fractionation indices were discernible in the bulk soils, but the (Gd/Yb)_N in the nodules decreased remarkably across the chronosequence. As a consequence, HREEs and the (Gd/Yb)_N in the nodules of the studied chronosequence soils were suitable tracers separating the different pedogenic stages in principal component analysis. This study identifies systematic patterns in the REEs distribution of carbonate nodules that can serve as indicators of pedogenesis across temporal scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 109704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}