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Gradient-Doped BiVO4 Dual Photoanodes for Highly Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. 用于高效光电化学水分离的梯度掺杂 BiVO4 双光电阳极
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400692
Xuhao Yang, Shuang Liang, Jiaming Miao, Yilong Yang, sKan Zhang

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is regarded as a promising photoanode candidate for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, but is limited by low efficiency of charge carrier transport and short carrier diffusion length. In this work, we report a strategy comprised of the gradient doping of W and back-to-back stacking of transparent photoelectrodes, where the 3-2 wt.% W gradient doping enhances charge carrier transport by optimizing the band bending degree and back-to-back stack configuration shortens carrier diffusion length without much sacrifice of photons. As a result, the photocurrent density of 3-2 % W:BiVO4 photoanode reaches 2.20 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V vs. hydrogen electrode (RHE) with a charge transport efficiency of 76.1 % under AM 1.5 G illumination, and the back-to-back stacked 3-2 % W:BiVO4 photoanodes achieves a photocurrent of 4.63 mA cm-2 after loading Co-Pi catalyst and anti-reflective coating under AM 1.5 G illumination, with long-term stability of 10 hours.

钒酸铋(BiVO4)被认为是一种很有前途的光电化学(PEC)水分离光阳极候选材料,但却受到电荷载流子传输效率低和载流子扩散长度短的限制。在这项工作中,我们报告了一种由 W 的梯度掺杂和透明光电极背靠背堆叠组成的策略,其中 3-2 wt.% W 的梯度掺杂通过优化带弯曲度来增强电荷载流子传输,而背靠背堆叠配置在不牺牲太多光子的情况下缩短了载流子扩散长度。因此,3-2% W:BiVO4 光阳极在 1.23 V 相对于氢电极(RHE)电压下的光电流密度达到了 2.20 mA cm-2,在 AM 1.5G 光照下的电荷传输效率为 76.1%,而背靠背堆叠的 3-2% W:BiVO4 光阳极在加载 Co-Pi 催化剂和抗反射涂层后,在 AM 1.5G 光照下的光电流密度达到了 4.63 mA cm-2,并具有 10 小时的长期稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Green Power: The Role of Plant-Based Biochar in Advanced Energy Storage. 绿色能源:植物生物炭在先进储能中的作用。
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400569
Shilpa Simon, Parvathy Harikumar, Sreeja P Balakrishnan

This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of recent progress in utilizing plant-based biochar for supercapacitors. It specifically focuses on biochar derived from plant biomass such as agricultural residues, weeds and aquatic plants, examining their potential in energy storage applications. It explores various synthesis methods like pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization and evaluates their impact on biochar's structure and electrochemical properties. Additionally, it examines the electrochemical performance of biochar-based supercapacitors, focusing on parameters such as capacitance, cycling stability, and rate capability. Strategies to enhance biochar's electrochemical performance, such as surface modification and composite fabrication, are also discussed. Furthermore, it addresses existing challenges and prospects in harnessing plant-based biochar for supercapacitor applications, highlighting its potential as a sustainable and efficient electrode material for next-generation energy storage devices.

本综述旨在概述利用植物基生物炭制造超级电容器的最新进展。它特别关注从农业残留物、杂草和水生植物等植物生物质中提取的生物炭,研究它们在储能应用中的潜力。报告探讨了热解和水热碳化等各种合成方法,并评估了这些方法对生物炭结构和电化学特性的影响。此外,它还研究了基于生物炭的超级电容器的电化学性能,重点关注电容、循环稳定性和速率能力等参数。还讨论了提高生物炭电化学性能的策略,如表面改性和复合材料制造。此外,该研究还探讨了将植物基生物炭用于超级电容器应用的现有挑战和前景,强调了生物炭作为下一代储能设备的可持续高效电极材料的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Kinetics and Dynamics of Cyclopentanone Thermal Decomposition in Gas Phase. 环戊酮在气相中的热分解动力学和动力学。
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400825
Himani Priya, Ripan Halder, Manikandan Paranjothy

Cyclopentanone is a potential bio-fuel which can be produced from bio-mass. Its gas phase dissociation chemistry has attracted several experimental and theoretical investigations. In the photochemical and thermal decomposition studies of cyclopentanone, ethylene and carbon monoxide were found to be dominant reaction products along with several other compounds in smaller quantities. For the formation of ethylene and carbon monoxide, a concerted mechanism has been proposed as the primary reaction pathway. In addition, a step-wise mechanism involving ring-opened radical intermediate has also been considered. The present work reports gas phase thermal decomposition of cyclopentanone at high temperatures investigated using electronic structure theory methods, Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) rate constant calculations, and Born-Oppenheimer direct classical trajectory simulations. The trajectory calculations were performed on density functional PBE96/6-31+G* potential energy surface using initial conditions selected from fixed energy normal mode distributions. Simulations showed that ethylene and carbon monoxide formed primarily via the concerted mechanism confirming the earlier predictions. In addition, step-wise pathways were also observed for the same products in lower fraction of trajectories. Furthermore, several other reaction products in smaller quantities and new mechanistic pathways were observed. The computed RRKM rate constants and simulation data are in agreement with experimental results and detailed atomic level dissociation mechanisms presented.

环戊酮是一种潜在的生物燃料,可从生物质中生产。环戊酮的气相解离化学性质吸引了多项实验和理论研究。在环戊酮的光化学和热分解研究中,发现乙烯和一氧化碳是主要的反应产物,还有其他几种少量的化合物。对于乙烯和一氧化碳的生成,提出了一种协同机制作为主要反应途径。此外,还考虑了涉及开环自由基中间体的分步机理。本研究报告采用电子结构理论方法、Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus(RRKM)速率常数计算和 Born-Oppenheimer 直接经典轨迹模拟,对环戊酮在高温下的气相热分解进行了研究。轨迹计算是在密度泛函 PBE96/6-31+G* 势能面上进行的,使用的初始条件是从固定能量法向模式分布中选择的。模拟结果表明,乙烯和一氧化碳主要通过协同机制形成,这证实了之前的预测。此外,在较低部分的轨迹中也观察到了相同产物的阶跃路径。此外,还观察到数量较少的其他几种反应产物和新的机理途径。计算得出的 RRKM 速率常数和模拟数据与实验结果和详细的原子水平解离机制一致。
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引用次数: 0
Magnetron Sputtering Formation of Germanium Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Lithium Intercalation. 磁控溅射形成用于电化学锂插层的锗纳米粒子。
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400594
Tommaso Pajola, Anika Padin, Benjamin E Blowers, Francesca Borghi, Alessandro Minguzzi, Emiliano Bonera, Alberto Vertova, Marcel Di Vece

In the drive towards increased lithium based battery capacity, germanium is an attractive material due to its very high lithium storage capacity, second only to silicon. The persistent down-side is the considerable embrittlement accompanying its remarkable volume expansion of close to 300 %. A proven method to accommodate for this lattice expansion is the reduction of the size towards the nanoscale at which the fracturing is prevented by "breathing". In this work we employed a novel magnetron sputtering gas aggregation nanoparticle generator to create unprecedented layers of well-defined germanium nanoparticles with sizes below 20 nm. The electrochemical lithium intercalation was monitored by a suite of techniques under which Raman spectroscopy, which provided clear evidence of the presence of lithium inside the germanium nanoparticles. Moreover, the degree of lattice order was measured and correlated to the initial phases of the lithium-germanium alloy. This was corroborated by electron diffraction and optical absorption spectroscopy, of which the latter provided a strong dielectric change upon lithium intercalation. This study of low lithium concentrations inside layers of well-defined and very small germanium nanoparticles, forms a new avenue towards significantly increasing the lithium battery capacity.

在提高锂电池容量的过程中,锗是一种极具吸引力的材料,因为它具有非常高的锂存储容量,仅次于硅。但锗的缺点是其显著的脆性,体积膨胀率接近 300%。为适应这种晶格膨胀,一种行之有效的方法是将尺寸缩小到纳米级,通过 "呼吸 "来防止断裂。在这项工作中,我们采用了一种新型磁控溅射气体聚集纳米粒子发生器,制造出了前所未有的尺寸低于 20 纳米的定义明确的锗纳米粒子层。拉曼光谱等一系列技术对电化学锂插层进行了监测,为锗纳米粒子内存在锂提供了明确证据。此外,还测量了晶格有序度,并将其与锂锗合金的初始相联系起来。电子衍射和光学吸收光谱证实了这一点,其中光学吸收光谱提供了锂插层时强烈的介电变化。这项对定义明确且非常小的锗纳米粒子层内低浓度锂的研究,为大幅提高锂电池容量开辟了一条新途径。
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引用次数: 0
Reversible in situ Control over Monolayer Organization. 对单层组织的可逆原位控制
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400646
Neelanjana Mukherjee, G J Blanchard

Cr2+ and Cr3+ ions are shown to mediate the formation, morphology, and organization of arachidic acid (AA) Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayers. This finding, based on cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements, show that Langmuir monolayer formation depends on subphase pH and metal ion concentration. Following monolayer deposition on indium tin oxide (ITO), the LB monolayer organization can be modified reversibly through control of the Cr oxidation state, which has not been shown before by other monolayers formed with other divalent metal ions. The dynamics and the mobility of a chromophore (perylene) incorporated into the monolayer sense changes in Cr oxidation state-dependent organization of the LB monolayer. Demonstrating reversible changes in monolayer organization provides an opportunity to control chemical and electron access to the interface support.

研究表明,Cr2+ 和 Cr3+ 离子介导了花生四烯酸(AA)朗缪尔-布洛杰特(LB)单层的形成、形态和组织。这一发现基于循环伏安法(CV)、线性扫描伏安法(LSV)和光漂白后荧光恢复(FRAP)测量,表明朗姆伊尔单层的形成取决于底相的 pH 值和金属离子浓度。单层沉积在 ITO 上后,可以通过控制铬的氧化态来可逆地改变枸杞单层的组织结构,这在其他二价金属离子形成的单层中还没有出现过。加入单层中的发色团(苝)的动力学和流动性可感知枸杞单层组织随铬氧化态而发生的变化。展示单层组织的可逆变化为控制化学和电子进入界面支持提供了机会。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum: Role of the vibrational and translational energies in the CN(v)+C2H6(ν1, ν2, ν5 and ν9) reactions. A theoretical QCT study 更正:振动能量和平移能量在 CN(v)+C2H6(ν1、ν2、ν5 和 ν9)反应中的作用。理论 QCT 研究。
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400512
<p>This article corrects the following: https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202300997</p><p>In our previous paper<sup>[1]</sup> entitled “Role of the vibrational and translational energies in the CN(<i>v</i>) + C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>(<i>ν</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>ν</i><sub>2</sub>, <i>ν</i><sub>5</sub> and <i>ν</i><sub>9</sub>) reactions. A theoretical QCT study” (DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300997) we have theoretically analysed the impact of reactant vibrational excitations on reactivity, with particular emphasis on mode selectivity, at two total energies of 9.6 and 20.0 kcal mol<sup>−1</sup>. Note that this total energy is the sum of the initial collision energy plus the vibrational excitation, and in the vibrational ground-state the total energy and the initial collision energy obviously coincide. The following vibrational modes were analysed: ν<sub>1</sub>, ν<sub>2</sub>, ν<sub>5</sub> and ν<sub>9</sub>. The modes ν<sub>1</sub> (3011 cm<sup>−1</sup> ~8.6 kcal mol<sup>−1</sup>) and ν<sub>5</sub> (2996 cm<sup>−1</sup> ~ 8.6 kcal mol<sup>−1</sup>) correspond to the symmetric and asymmetric C-H stretching modes, respectively, and were chosen to study mode selectivity because they differ by only 15 cm<sup>−1</sup>. The modes ν<sub>2</sub> (1428 cm<sup>−1</sup> ~ 4.1 kcal mol<sup>−1</sup>) and ν<sub>9</sub> (1006 cm<sup>−1</sup> ~ 2.9 kcal mol<sup>−1</sup>) correspond to ethane bending modes and were chosen to study the effect of bending excitations. In that paper, we showed that at these two total energies, providing a certain amount of energy as translational energy resulted in a slightly lower reactivity than providing the equivalent amount of energy as vibrational energy. This effect was more pronounced at low energies, which is a counterintuitive scenario in an ‘early’ transition state reaction.</p><p>During the revision process of the paper, a reviewer suggested that it would be very useful to show excitation functions (integral reaction cross section vs. collision energy) in the case of both ground-state and vibrationally excited reactants to observe the effect of initial translational energy. In the response letter we agreed with the referee's suggestion, but noted that it was challenging to perform these calculations in the short time of a review process, as they represent a huge computational effort, and could be considered in future research in our group. These new calculations are presented and analysed in the present Corrigendum.</p><p>Bimolecular reactions represent fundamental processes that govern diverse phenomena observed across chemistry, physics and biology. A crucial aspect of the study and characterisation of these reactions is the concept of excitation functions, which represent the dependence of reaction cross section on the energy of the colliding reactants. The insights offered by this concept include an understanding of the threshold energies required for the initiation of reactions, the presence of energy barriers along the reaction c
这种行为与采用的计数方法无关,即考虑所有反应轨迹或排除各产物(HCN 和 C2H5)的最终振动能低于各自零点能的反应轨迹。激发函数的 V 型形式是非阈值反应的特征。在较低能量下观察到的明显增加可归因于在此能量机制内冲击参数的大幅增加,从 20.0 kcal mol-1 时的 4.0 Å 增加到 0.2 kcal mol-1 时的 6.5 Å。3] 在这项研究中,报告了热速率常数在 25-1000 K 宽范围内随温度变化的 V 型温度依赖性,这再现了实验证据。所有一个量子的振动激发,ν1、ν2、ν5 和 ν9,都呈现出类似的 V 型曲线(图 1),其中拉伸模式激发的影响更为明显。在整个碰撞能量范围(0.2 至 20.0 kcal mol-1)内,这些激发都能提高反应性,系数在 2.6 和 1.3 之间。拉伸模式激发(ν1 和 ν5)产生的影响最为明显,而弯曲激发(ν2 和 ν9)的影响相对较小。此外,应该注意的是,振动激发导致最小碰撞能量向更大的碰撞能量移动,拉伸和弯曲模式的碰撞能量分别为 1 和 4 千卡摩尔-1。为了进一步研究等量的平移或振动能量在提高反应性方面的不同能力,图 2 绘制了乙烷振动基态和 ν1、ν2、ν5 和 ν9 振动激发在 0.2-20.0 千卡摩尔-1 范围内的反应截面与总能量的对比图。结果表明,在总能量固定的情况下,振动能量比初始平移能量更有效,但高能量下的ν2弯曲模式除外,在该模式下,两条曲线相似。考虑到该反应是一个 "早期 "过渡态的例子,这一结果先验地代表了一个反直觉的例子。值得注意的是,我们小组之前的一项研究[4] 表明,在 O(3P) + CH4 反应中也观察到了类似的现象,该反应也呈现出一种 "早期 "过渡态。在该研究中,我们发现振动能的效率低于等量的平移能。这两个 "早期 "反应的不同行为(根据鞍点位置划分)与势垒高度(分别为 0.23 和 6.4 kcal mol-1)以及我们之前论文[1] 中分析的一系列因素有关,其中包括不同振动模式之间的强耦合以及碰撞前反应物内部显著的振动能量再分配。这些因素导致了非物理的能量流,从而导致反应物碰撞前振动记忆的丧失。
{"title":"Corrigendum: Role of the vibrational and translational energies in the CN(v)+C2H6(ν1, ν2, ν5 and ν9) reactions. A theoretical QCT study","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cphc.202400512","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cphc.202400512","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;This article corrects the following: https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202300997&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In our previous paper&lt;sup&gt;[1]&lt;/sup&gt; entitled “Role of the vibrational and translational energies in the CN(&lt;i&gt;v&lt;/i&gt;) + C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;(&lt;i&gt;ν&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;ν&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;ν&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;i&gt;ν&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;9&lt;/sub&gt;) reactions. A theoretical QCT study” (DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300997) we have theoretically analysed the impact of reactant vibrational excitations on reactivity, with particular emphasis on mode selectivity, at two total energies of 9.6 and 20.0 kcal mol&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;. Note that this total energy is the sum of the initial collision energy plus the vibrational excitation, and in the vibrational ground-state the total energy and the initial collision energy obviously coincide. The following vibrational modes were analysed: ν&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, ν&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ν&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; and ν&lt;sub&gt;9&lt;/sub&gt;. The modes ν&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (3011 cm&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; ~8.6 kcal mol&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;) and ν&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; (2996 cm&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; ~ 8.6 kcal mol&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;) correspond to the symmetric and asymmetric C-H stretching modes, respectively, and were chosen to study mode selectivity because they differ by only 15 cm&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;. The modes ν&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (1428 cm&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; ~ 4.1 kcal mol&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;) and ν&lt;sub&gt;9&lt;/sub&gt; (1006 cm&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; ~ 2.9 kcal mol&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;) correspond to ethane bending modes and were chosen to study the effect of bending excitations. In that paper, we showed that at these two total energies, providing a certain amount of energy as translational energy resulted in a slightly lower reactivity than providing the equivalent amount of energy as vibrational energy. This effect was more pronounced at low energies, which is a counterintuitive scenario in an ‘early’ transition state reaction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;During the revision process of the paper, a reviewer suggested that it would be very useful to show excitation functions (integral reaction cross section vs. collision energy) in the case of both ground-state and vibrationally excited reactants to observe the effect of initial translational energy. In the response letter we agreed with the referee's suggestion, but noted that it was challenging to perform these calculations in the short time of a review process, as they represent a huge computational effort, and could be considered in future research in our group. These new calculations are presented and analysed in the present Corrigendum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bimolecular reactions represent fundamental processes that govern diverse phenomena observed across chemistry, physics and biology. A crucial aspect of the study and characterisation of these reactions is the concept of excitation functions, which represent the dependence of reaction cross section on the energy of the colliding reactants. The insights offered by this concept include an understanding of the threshold energies required for the initiation of reactions, the presence of energy barriers along the reaction c","PeriodicalId":9819,"journal":{"name":"Chemphyschem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cphc.202400512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity Reversals between the Electronic Ground State and the Two Lowest Triplet States of Thiophene. 噻吩电子基态和两个最低三重态之间的芳香性和反芳香性逆转。
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400758
Edward Cummings, Peter B Karadakov

It is shown, by examining the variations in off-nucleus isotropic magnetic shielding around a molecule, that thiophene which is aromatic in its electronic ground state (S0) becomes antiaromatic in its lowest triplet state (T1) and then reverts to being aromatic in T2. Geometry relaxation has an opposite effect on the aromaticities of the ππ* vertical T1 and T2: The antiaromaticity of T1 is reduced whereas the aromaticity of T2 is enhanced. The shielding picture around T2 is found to closely resemble those around certain second singlet ππ* excited states (S2), for example, those of benzene and cyclooctatetraene, thought to be "strongly aromatic" because of their very negative nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) values. It is argued that while NICS values correctly follow the changes in aromaticity along the potential energy surface of a single electronic state, the use of NICS values for the purpose of quantitative comparisons between the aromaticities of different electronic states cannot be justified theoretically and should be avoided. "Strongly aromatic" S2 and T2 states should be referred to simply as "aromatic" because detailed comparisons between the properties of these states and those of the corresponding S0 states do not suggest higher levels of aromaticity.

通过研究分子周围核外各向同性磁屏蔽的变化,我们发现在电子基态(S0)为芳香态的噻吩在其最低三重态(T1)变为反芳香态,然后在 T2 恢复为芳香态。几何弛豫对 ππ* 垂直 T1 和 T2 的芳香性具有相反的影响:T1 的反芳香性降低,而 T2 的芳香性增强。研究发现,T2 周围的屏蔽图与某些第二单质 ππ* 激发态(S2)周围的屏蔽图非常相似,例如苯和环辛四烯的激发态,由于它们的核无关化学位移(NICS)值非常负,因此被认为是 "强芳香 "态。有观点认为,虽然 NICS 值能正确反映单个电子态沿势能面的芳香度变化,但将 NICS 值用于定量比较不同电子态的芳香度在理论上是站不住脚的,应避免使用。"强芳香 "的 S2 和 T2 态应简单地称为 "芳香 "态,因为这些态的性质与相应的 S0 态的性质之间的详细比较并不表明芳香度更高。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating Quinolines: Molecular Dynamics Approach to Assess Their Potential as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease. 评估喹啉类化合物:用分子动力学方法评估乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂治疗阿尔茨海默病的潜力。
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400653
Mario Prejanò, Isabella Romeo, Luis Felipe Hernández-Ayala, Eduardo Gabriel Guzmán-López, Stefano Alcaro, Annia Galano, Tiziana Marino

Quinoline represents a promising scaffold for developing potential drugs because of the wide range of biological and pharmacological activities that it exhibits. In the present study, quinoline derivatives obtained from CADMA-Chem docking protocol were investigated in the mean of molecular dynamics simulations as potential inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase enzyme. The examined species can be partitioned between neutral, dq815 (2,3 dihydroxyl-quinoline-4-carbaldehyde), dq829 (2,3 dihydroxyl-quinoline-8-carboxylic acid methane ester), dq1356 (3,4 dihydroxyl-quinoline-6-carbaldehyde), dq1368 (3,4 dihydroxyl-quinoline-8-carboxylic acid methane ester) and dq2357 (5,6 dihydroxyl-quinoline-8-carboxylic acid methane ester), and deprotonated, dq815_dep, dq829_dep, dq1356_dep and dq2357_dep. Twelve molecular dynamics simulations were performed including those of natural acetylcholine, of the well-known donepezil inhibitor and of the founder quinoline chosen as reference. Key intermolecular interactions were detected and discussed to describe the different dynamic behavior of all the considered species. Binding energies calculation from MMPBSA well accounts for the dynamic behavior observed in the simulation time proposing dq1368 as promising candidate for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Retrosynthetic route for the production of the investigated compounds is also proposed.

喹啉具有广泛的生物和药理活性,是开发潜在药物的一个很有前途的支架。本研究通过分子动力学模拟研究了从 CADMA-Chem 对接协议中获得的喹啉衍生物作为乙酰胆碱酯酶的潜在抑制剂。所研究的物种可分为中性、dq815(2,3 二羟基-喹啉-4-甲醛)、dq829(2,3 二羟基-喹啉-8-羧酸甲酯)、dq1356(3,4 二羟基-喹啉-6-甲醛)、dq1368(3,4-二羟基-喹啉-8-羧酸甲酯)和 dq2357(5,6-二羟基-喹啉-8-羧酸甲酯),以及去质子化的 dq815_dep、dq829_dep、dq1356_dep 和 dq2357_dep。共进行了 12 次分子动力学模拟,包括天然乙酰胆碱、著名的多奈哌齐抑制剂和作为参考的创始喹啉的分子动力学模拟。对关键的分子间相互作用进行了检测和讨论,以描述所有考虑物种的不同动态行为。根据 MMPBSA 计算出的结合能很好地解释了在模拟时间内观察到的动态行为,因此 dq1368 有希望成为抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的候选化合物。此外,还提出了生产所研究化合物的逆合成路线。
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引用次数: 0
Elementary steps of catalytic reactions occurring on metallic alloy nanoparticles. 金属合金纳米颗粒上发生催化反应的基本步骤。
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400521
Vladimir P Zhdanov

Catalytic reactions occurring in an adsorbed overlayer on metallic alloy nanoparticles are of high interest in the context of applications in the chemical industry. The understanding of the corresponding kinetics is, however, still limited. One of the reasons of this state of the art is the interplay between adsorption and adsorbate-influenced segregation of metal atoms inside alloy nanoparticles. I scrutinize this interplay by using a generic field model of segregation and the mean-field approximation in order to describe adsorption, desorption, and elementary catalytic reactions. Under steady-state conditions, the segregation is demonstrated to be manifested in the change of the dependence of the activation energies of desorption or elementary reactions on coverage, and the sign of this change is positive. The effect of this change on the apparent reaction orders is briefly discussed as well.

在化学工业应用中,在金属合金纳米颗粒的吸附覆盖层中发生的催化反应备受关注。然而,人们对相应动力学的了解仍然有限。造成这种技术现状的原因之一是合金纳米颗粒内部金属原子的吸附和受吸附剂影响的偏析之间的相互作用。我通过偏析的一般场模型和平均场近似来仔细研究这种相互作用,以描述吸附、解吸和基本催化反应。在稳态条件下,偏析表现为解吸或基本反应的活化能对覆盖率的依赖性发生了变化,而且这种变化的符号是正的。我们还简要讨论了这种变化对表观反应顺序的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Photoinduced Anisotropy in Thin Films of Azobenzene-Containing Liquid Crystalline Supramolecular Complexes of Various Polymer Architecture. 各种聚合物结构的含偶氮苯液晶超分子复合物薄膜的光诱导各向异性。
IF 2.3 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400677
Miron Bugakov, Valery Shibaev, Natalia Boiko

Light patternable colorless liquid crystalline (LC) polymers are promising materials for functional photonic devices with broad applications in optical communication, diffractive optics, and displays. This work reports photoinduced optical anisotropy in thin films of azobenzene-containing (Azo) LC block copolymer supramolecular complexes, which can be decolorized after light patterning providing colorless patterned birefringent polymer films. The supramolecular complexes are prepared via intermolecular pyridine-phenol hydrogen bonding between a low-molecular-weight Azo phenol and host LC AB diblock and ABA triblock copolymers consisted of LC phenylbenzoate (PhM) blocks and poly(vinylpyridine) units. The molecular architecture of the host polymers and the morphological pattern formed by the complexes can affect orientational behavior of Azo groups under irradiation with linearly polarized light. Photoorientation of hydrogen-bonded Azo groups is accompanied by the cooperative orientation of non-photochromic PhM units, which form individual microphases and stabilize the orientation of Azo groups. This effect is specific for block copolymer complexes and it is absent for random copolymer complex, which is used as a reference sample. Optical anisotropy induced in films of the block copolymer complexes can be amplified by heating above the glass transition temperature and subsequent rinsing with diethyl ether allows colorless birefringent polymer films to be prepared.

可光照图案化的无色液晶(LC)聚合物是功能性光子器件的理想材料,在光通信、衍射光学和显示领域有着广泛的应用。这项研究报告了含偶氮苯(Azo)液晶嵌段共聚物超分子复合物薄膜中光诱导的光学各向异性,这种复合物在光图案化后可以脱色,形成无色图案双折射聚合物薄膜。这种超分子复合物是通过低分子量偶氮苯酚与由 LC 苯甲酸(PhM)嵌段和聚乙烯吡啶)单元组成的 LC AB 二嵌段和 ABA 三嵌段共聚物宿主之间的分子间吡啶-苯酚氢键作用制备的。在线性偏振光照射下,主聚合物的分子结构和复合物形成的形态模式会影响偶氮基团的取向行为。氢键偶氮基团的光取向伴随着非光致变色 PhM 单元的协同取向,后者形成单独的微相并稳定偶氮基团的取向。这种效应是嵌段共聚物复合物所特有的,而用作参考样品的无规共聚物复合物则不存在这种效应。将嵌段共聚物复合物加热到玻璃转化温度以上,可以放大薄膜中的光学各向异性,随后用二乙醚漂洗,可以制备出无色双折射聚合物薄膜。
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Chemphyschem
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