Onion bulb rot was observed in low-temperature warehouses in Mae Wang District, Chiang Mai, Thailand in 2022. The pathogens were isolated and identifi ed as Pantoea agglomerans and Burkholderia gladioli based on morphological and biochemical characterization, pathogenicity tests, and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Biological control is regarded as a safer and more sustainable strategy than chemical control and has elicited great attention for disease control. Bacillus sp. isolate BB22 was isolated from rhizosphere soil and was evaluated for its preliminary potential to inhibit the growth of onion bulb rot bacterial pathogens by the dual culture technique. The results showed inhibition zones of P. agglomerans of 30.1 mm and B. gladioli of 13.0 mm. Molecular identifi cation of Bacillus sp. isolate BB22 was performed by using 16S rRNA and gyrA gene sequences and confi rmed as Bacillus velezensis. PCR amplifi cation of the bmyB, fenD, ituA, and srfAA genes coding for bacillomycin, fengycin D, iturin A, and surfactin, respectively, showed the potential for the production of these antibiotics. This study revealed the potential application of B. velezensis as a biocontrol agent against bulb rot-causing bacterial pathogens of onions.
{"title":"Occurrence, Identification and Preliminary Biological Control of Bulb Rot of Onion (Allium cepa)","authors":"K. Srimai, A. Akarapisan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"Onion bulb rot was observed in low-temperature warehouses in Mae Wang District, Chiang Mai, Thailand in 2022. The pathogens were isolated and identifi ed as Pantoea agglomerans and Burkholderia gladioli based on morphological and biochemical characterization, pathogenicity tests, and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Biological control is regarded as a safer and more sustainable strategy than chemical control and has elicited great attention for disease control. Bacillus sp. isolate BB22 was isolated from rhizosphere soil and was evaluated for its preliminary potential to inhibit the growth of onion bulb rot bacterial pathogens by the dual culture technique. The results showed inhibition zones of P. agglomerans of 30.1 mm and B. gladioli of 13.0 mm. Molecular identifi cation of Bacillus sp. isolate BB22 was performed by using 16S rRNA and gyrA gene sequences and confi rmed as Bacillus velezensis. PCR amplifi cation of the bmyB, fenD, ituA, and srfAA genes coding for bacillomycin, fengycin D, iturin A, and surfactin, respectively, showed the potential for the production of these antibiotics. This study revealed the potential application of B. velezensis as a biocontrol agent against bulb rot-causing bacterial pathogens of onions.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82425126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chadapon Chaiyapan, Apinya Khairum, Witsarut Chueakhunthod, Pakhawat Pookhamsak, Ketwalee Siwapithakpong, Piyada A. Tantasawat
Drought stress is a major constraint affecting growth and yield of several economic crops including mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. In vitro selection for drought tolerance is an alternative method for early determination of drought tolerant plants. The objective of this study was to perform in vitro selection of mungbean genotypes under water stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000. Seeds of 18 genotypes were germinated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with different concentrations of PEG 6000 (0, 8, 12 and 16%). Germination percentage, promptness index, root length tolerance index, seed vigor index, seedling length tolerance index, seedling fresh weight tolerance index and seedling dry weight tolerance index were measured. The results showed reduced germination and growth in all genotypes with increasing PEG concentrations. Various genotypes responded differentially at 16% PEG. Interestingly, K-851, EG-MG-13, VI000411 A-G, and CES 44 showed a higher germination percentage, root length, seedling length and seed fresh weight than other genotypes, demonstrating their drought tolerance potential. However, their water stress responses need to be confi rmed under greenhouse and/or fi eld conditions before they can be used as parents in breeding programs to improve drought tolerance.
{"title":"In Vitro Selection of Mungbean Genotypes for Drought Tolerance by Polyethylene Glycol Induced Water Defi cit","authors":"Chadapon Chaiyapan, Apinya Khairum, Witsarut Chueakhunthod, Pakhawat Pookhamsak, Ketwalee Siwapithakpong, Piyada A. Tantasawat","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.035","url":null,"abstract":"Drought stress is a major constraint affecting growth and yield of several economic crops including mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. In vitro selection for drought tolerance is an alternative method for early determination of drought tolerant plants. The objective of this study was to perform in vitro selection of mungbean genotypes under water stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000. Seeds of 18 genotypes were germinated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with different concentrations of PEG 6000 (0, 8, 12 and 16%). Germination percentage, promptness index, root length tolerance index, seed vigor index, seedling length tolerance index, seedling fresh weight tolerance index and seedling dry weight tolerance index were measured. The results showed reduced germination and growth in all genotypes with increasing PEG concentrations. Various genotypes responded differentially at 16% PEG. Interestingly, K-851, EG-MG-13, VI000411 A-G, and CES 44 showed a higher germination percentage, root length, seedling length and seed fresh weight than other genotypes, demonstrating their drought tolerance potential. However, their water stress responses need to be confi rmed under greenhouse and/or fi eld conditions before they can be used as parents in breeding programs to improve drought tolerance.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135394878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Here, we investigated the population genetic structure and genetic diversity of the endemic Chinese oceanic sipuncula Phascolosoma esculenta by using partial mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA sequences. In total, 80 samples were collected from Xiangshan, Wenling, Ningde, and Zhanjiang, which are four muddy intertidal zones of southeastern China. Results showed that of the 80 16S rRNA gene fragments, 5 were 1010 bp in length, 73 were 1011 bp in length, and 2 were 1012 bp in length. The A+T content (67.7%) was signifi cantly higher than the C+G content (32.3%), thus exhibiting obvious AT biases. In addition, 27 different haplotypes were defi ned by 33 polymorphic sites, giving an overall haplotype diversity of 0.908 and a nucleotide diversity of 0.00247. The topological structure of the haplotype neighbor-joining tree was extremely simple, without any obvious geographical structures within the four groupings. The genetic distances among populations ranged from 0.0022 to 0.0031, and those within populations ranged from 0.002 to 0.0028. The results of AMOVA revealed a low level of genetic differentiation among the four populations. A neutral test and mismatch analysis indicated a recent population expansion for P. esculenta.
{"title":"Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of Phascolosoma esculenta Populations in Southeastern China Based on 16S rRNA Gene Sequences","authors":"Binbin Feng, Chen Du, Danli Mu, Xinming Gao, Jian-Ling Lou, Jianping Wang, Junquan Zhu, Shan Jin, Chundan Zhang","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.029","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we investigated the population genetic structure and genetic diversity of the endemic Chinese oceanic sipuncula Phascolosoma esculenta by using partial mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA sequences. In total, 80 samples were collected from Xiangshan, Wenling, Ningde, and Zhanjiang, which are four muddy intertidal zones of southeastern China. Results showed that of the 80 16S rRNA gene fragments, 5 were 1010 bp in length, 73 were 1011 bp in length, and 2 were 1012 bp in length. The A+T content (67.7%) was signifi cantly higher than the C+G content (32.3%), thus exhibiting obvious AT biases. In addition, 27 different haplotypes were defi ned by 33 polymorphic sites, giving an overall haplotype diversity of 0.908 and a nucleotide diversity of 0.00247. The topological structure of the haplotype neighbor-joining tree was extremely simple, without any obvious geographical structures within the four groupings. The genetic distances among populations ranged from 0.0022 to 0.0031, and those within populations ranged from 0.002 to 0.0028. The results of AMOVA revealed a low level of genetic differentiation among the four populations. A neutral test and mismatch analysis indicated a recent population expansion for P. esculenta.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77928122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) with time delay embedding is used to predict dynamic patterns in univariate time series. An important pattern that can be extracted using DMD is the trend or global change in a time series which is useful for producing reliable forecast. DMD utilizes the computationally effi cient singular value decomposition (SVD) to produce a low rank approximation of the linear operator that brings about the dynamic patterns in the time series. Trend in the time series is translated as dynamic modes of the operator with low frequencies. The time evolution of this low frequency pattern produces forecast of the time series. In this paper, we outline the strategies for extracting trend component from COVID-19 time series of Malaysia. It is discovered that, other than identifying modes with slow varying frequencies, we need to also resolve the time stamp delay, so that mean-square error of the reconstructed time series is minimal. Information of the magnitude and phase of DMD modes are useful to identify persistent patterns and remove nonstationary ones. We compare the performance of DMD with another SVD-based method which is the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and our results highlight certain fundamental difference between these two methods. The forecasts from SSA tend to lean towards the direction of maximum variance, producing low reconstruction error but slow to detect sudden changes in the time series. On the other hand, forecasts from DMD captures the phases of dominant modes that dictates the overall global pattern, hence providing a better prediction of future dynamics of the time series.
{"title":"Strategies for Producing Reliable Trends Forecasting of COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia using Dynamic Mode Decomposition","authors":"Noor Atinah Ahmad, Nurul Ashikin Othman","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.026","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) with time delay embedding is used to predict dynamic patterns in univariate time series. An important pattern that can be extracted using DMD is the trend or global change in a time series which is useful for producing reliable forecast. DMD utilizes the computationally effi cient singular value decomposition (SVD) to produce a low rank approximation of the linear operator that brings about the dynamic patterns in the time series. Trend in the time series is translated as dynamic modes of the operator with low frequencies. The time evolution of this low frequency pattern produces forecast of the time series. In this paper, we outline the strategies for extracting trend component from COVID-19 time series of Malaysia. It is discovered that, other than identifying modes with slow varying frequencies, we need to also resolve the time stamp delay, so that mean-square error of the reconstructed time series is minimal. Information of the magnitude and phase of DMD modes are useful to identify persistent patterns and remove nonstationary ones. We compare the performance of DMD with another SVD-based method which is the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and our results highlight certain fundamental difference between these two methods. The forecasts from SSA tend to lean towards the direction of maximum variance, producing low reconstruction error but slow to detect sudden changes in the time series. On the other hand, forecasts from DMD captures the phases of dominant modes that dictates the overall global pattern, hence providing a better prediction of future dynamics of the time series.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81419044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olivia Ayala Vásquez, Susana Moreno-Solís, M. Martínez-Reyes, Joan Windhoek Olvera- Noriega, J. Pérez‐Moreno
As part of our effort to study wild edible mushrooms from central Mexico. We collected two specimens of Cystodermella. Cystodermella mazahuensis is described as a new species from Mexico. This species has biocultural importance as food for the Mazahua people of the State of Mexico located in Central Mexico. Cystodermella mazahuensis differs from other related species by its small cheilocystidia (17–30 × 4–5 μm) and molecular phylogenetic analysis. This is the fourth edible species known in the genus Cystodermella along with C. cinnabarina, C. granulosa, and C. japonicum. Comprehensive descriptions, illustrations and molecular phylogeny of the nrITS region are provided.
{"title":"A New Edible Species of Cystodermella (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from Mexico","authors":"Olivia Ayala Vásquez, Susana Moreno-Solís, M. Martínez-Reyes, Joan Windhoek Olvera- Noriega, J. Pérez‐Moreno","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.020","url":null,"abstract":"As part of our effort to study wild edible mushrooms from central Mexico. We collected two specimens of Cystodermella. Cystodermella mazahuensis is described as a new species from Mexico. This species has biocultural importance as food for the Mazahua people of the State of Mexico located in Central Mexico. Cystodermella mazahuensis differs from other related species by its small cheilocystidia (17–30 × 4–5 μm) and molecular phylogenetic analysis. This is the fourth edible species known in the genus Cystodermella along with C. cinnabarina, C. granulosa, and C. japonicum. Comprehensive descriptions, illustrations and molecular phylogeny of the nrITS region are provided.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82235231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tharinee Klawpiyapamornkun, Thida Kaewkod, Toungporn Uttarotai, S. Wangkarn, P. Sirisa-ard, Suwalee Kiatkarun, Y. Tragoolpua, S. Bovonsombut
Kombucha is a fermented tea beverage that has gained popularity in recent years due to its potential health benefi ts. In this study, dried Indian gooseberry kombucha (DIGK) was produce on a pre-industrial-scale for 20 days and compare with traditional kombucha (TK) made from green tea. Both products were produced as concentrated kombucha and investigated for their total phenolic content (TPC), total fl avonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, organic acids, and antimicrobial activity. The results revealed that DIGK had signifi cantly higher total phenolic compounds (with 5.97 ± 0.21 mg GAE/ml), fl avonoids (with 4.65 ± 0.20 mg QE/ml), and antioxidant activity (11.3-13.5 times) than traditional kombucha TK. The glucuronic, ascorbic and acetic acid of DIGK was higher than TK, while gluconic and D-saccharic acid-1,4-lactone (DSL) were lower than TK. The chemical properties in kombucha increased after the production of concentrated kombucha. The order of increasing values for TPC and antioxidant activity was as follows: concentrated DIGK > DIGK > concentrated TK > TK. Additionally, the determined TFC values showed that the order of increasing values was concentrated DIGK > concentrated TK > DIGK > TK. The concentrated kombucha showed higher antimicrobial activity against pathogenic enteric bacteria than the non-concentrated kombucha, with DIGK had higher activity than TK.
{"title":"Efficacy of Dried Indian Gooseberry Kombucha on a Pre–industrial Scale: Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity","authors":"Tharinee Klawpiyapamornkun, Thida Kaewkod, Toungporn Uttarotai, S. Wangkarn, P. Sirisa-ard, Suwalee Kiatkarun, Y. Tragoolpua, S. Bovonsombut","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.034","url":null,"abstract":"Kombucha is a fermented tea beverage that has gained popularity in recent years due to its potential health benefi ts. In this study, dried Indian gooseberry kombucha (DIGK) was produce on a pre-industrial-scale for 20 days and compare with traditional kombucha (TK) made from green tea. Both products were produced as concentrated kombucha and investigated for their total phenolic content (TPC), total fl avonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, organic acids, and antimicrobial activity. The results revealed that DIGK had signifi cantly higher total phenolic compounds (with 5.97 ± 0.21 mg GAE/ml), fl avonoids (with 4.65 ± 0.20 mg QE/ml), and antioxidant activity (11.3-13.5 times) than traditional kombucha TK. The glucuronic, ascorbic and acetic acid of DIGK was higher than TK, while gluconic and D-saccharic acid-1,4-lactone (DSL) were lower than TK. The chemical properties in kombucha increased after the production of concentrated kombucha. The order of increasing values for TPC and antioxidant activity was as follows: concentrated DIGK > DIGK > concentrated TK > TK. Additionally, the determined TFC values showed that the order of increasing values was concentrated DIGK > concentrated TK > DIGK > TK. The concentrated kombucha showed higher antimicrobial activity against pathogenic enteric bacteria than the non-concentrated kombucha, with DIGK had higher activity than TK.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88831407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yong-xin Shu, Ruo-Lin Cheng, Jia-lin Huang, Kaiqin Li, Siyang Zhao, Hai-jun Zhao, W. Dong, Zhangyong Dong, M. Doilom, Biao Xu
In this study, we introduce a new species Nigrograna wuhanensis, which was collected from Camellia japonica in Hubei Province, China. The new species was established based on morphological characteristics and multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of combined SSU, LSU, ITS and tef1-α sequence data. Nigrograna wuhanensis is characterized by scattered, immersed ascomata with a long neck superfi cial on the substrate, clavate and short pedicellate asci, and fusoid, pale brown to dark brown, mostly 3-septate ascospores which are deeply constricted and strongly pigmented at the septa. Nigrograna wuhanensis differs from its phylogenetically related species N. jinghongensis in having 3-septate ascospores and a long neck growing on the ascomata. The illustration and description of the new taxon are provided.
{"title":"Introducing Nigrograna wuhanensis sp. nov. (Nigrogranaceae, Pleosporales) from Camellia japonica in China","authors":"Yong-xin Shu, Ruo-Lin Cheng, Jia-lin Huang, Kaiqin Li, Siyang Zhao, Hai-jun Zhao, W. Dong, Zhangyong Dong, M. Doilom, Biao Xu","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.025","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we introduce a new species Nigrograna wuhanensis, which was collected from Camellia japonica in Hubei Province, China. The new species was established based on morphological characteristics and multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of combined SSU, LSU, ITS and tef1-α sequence data. Nigrograna wuhanensis is characterized by scattered, immersed ascomata with a long neck superfi cial on the substrate, clavate and short pedicellate asci, and fusoid, pale brown to dark brown, mostly 3-septate ascospores which are deeply constricted and strongly pigmented at the septa. Nigrograna wuhanensis differs from its phylogenetically related species N. jinghongensis in having 3-septate ascospores and a long neck growing on the ascomata. The illustration and description of the new taxon are provided.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76528297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atcharaporn Srijudanu, O. Piasai, W. Leesutthiphonchai, Mattana Wanitch, C. Chaisiri, N. Khewkhom
Red rot disease caused by Colletotrichum falcatum is a major production threat to several sugarcane varieties in Thailand. Biological control is an ecologically friendly alternative to manage the disease using microbial antagonism and associated metabolic products. In this study, four Aspergillus non-toxigenic strains (A37, A374, A400, and A561) were characterized using a genetic approach and evaluated for their antagonistic potential to suppress the growth of C. falcatum. The strain A561 had the maximum number of gene deletions, with 12 afl atoxin-producing genes being lost. In addition, the non-toxigenic characteristic of A561 was confi rmed using afl atoxin B1 (AFB1) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A561 reduced the concentration of AFB1 by 98.57% (1.63 μg/kg) relative to the toxigenic control. The antagonistic activity of A561 was evaluated against C. falcatum using the competition plate method on potato dextrose agar (PDA) in vitro. The results revealed that A561 inhibited the mycelial growth of C. falcatum by 34.39%. In addition, 10% (v/v) culture fi ltrate of A561 on PDA produced mycelial inhibition of 53.21%. Non-toxigenic A561 had antifungal potential, suppressing the growth of C. falcatum.
{"title":"Biocontrol of Colletotrichum falcatum Causing Red Rot Disease of Sugarcane Using Non-toxigenic Aspergillus sp.","authors":"Atcharaporn Srijudanu, O. Piasai, W. Leesutthiphonchai, Mattana Wanitch, C. Chaisiri, N. Khewkhom","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.032","url":null,"abstract":"Red rot disease caused by Colletotrichum falcatum is a major production threat to several sugarcane varieties in Thailand. Biological control is an ecologically friendly alternative to manage the disease using microbial antagonism and associated metabolic products. In this study, four Aspergillus non-toxigenic strains (A37, A374, A400, and A561) were characterized using a genetic approach and evaluated for their antagonistic potential to suppress the growth of C. falcatum. The strain A561 had the maximum number of gene deletions, with 12 afl atoxin-producing genes being lost. In addition, the non-toxigenic characteristic of A561 was confi rmed using afl atoxin B1 (AFB1) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A561 reduced the concentration of AFB1 by 98.57% (1.63 μg/kg) relative to the toxigenic control. The antagonistic activity of A561 was evaluated against C. falcatum using the competition plate method on potato dextrose agar (PDA) in vitro. The results revealed that A561 inhibited the mycelial growth of C. falcatum by 34.39%. In addition, 10% (v/v) culture fi ltrate of A561 on PDA produced mycelial inhibition of 53.21%. Non-toxigenic A561 had antifungal potential, suppressing the growth of C. falcatum.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73759445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. F. Mohammat, F. E. Bouchamma, Fatin Nur Ain Abdul Rashid, Muhammad Siddiq Maarop, Mohd Abdul Fatah Abdul Manan
A series of novel nano-structured manganese pyranopyrazole Schiff base complex (3a-l) has been synthesized and described. This synthetic complexation involved sequential reactions of domino four-component one-pot reaction for the template of pyranopyrazole (1), imination reaction (2) and finally completed by the complexation reaction with manganese to furnish the title compounds (3a-l). The salient of this nano-Schiff base synthetic reaction protocol is that diverse chemical functionalities were successfully incorporated, simple reaction protocol, and easy workup procedure to yield the title compounds from reasonable to moderate yield. All synthesized compounds were characterized by means of NMR, FTIR, EDX, and elemental analyzer, and by comparing the acquired spectra with the literature precedent for different manganese complexes. These findings revealed that the pyranopyrazole derivatives were successfully complexed with manganese to generate nano-Mn-Schiff base compounds. Further complexation of these derivatives generated 12 novel types of the title compounds (3a-l), which can then be subjected for future chemical applications.
{"title":"New Access to Nano[Mn]-Pyranopyrazole[2,3-c]dichloride Series As a Nano-Structured Schiff-Base Complex","authors":"M. F. Mohammat, F. E. Bouchamma, Fatin Nur Ain Abdul Rashid, Muhammad Siddiq Maarop, Mohd Abdul Fatah Abdul Manan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.017","url":null,"abstract":"A series of novel nano-structured manganese pyranopyrazole Schiff base complex (3a-l) has been synthesized and described. This synthetic complexation involved sequential reactions of domino four-component one-pot reaction for the template of pyranopyrazole (1), imination reaction (2) and finally completed by the complexation reaction with manganese to furnish the title compounds (3a-l). The salient of this nano-Schiff base synthetic reaction protocol is that diverse chemical functionalities were successfully incorporated, simple reaction protocol, and easy workup procedure to yield the title compounds from reasonable to moderate yield. All synthesized compounds were characterized by means of NMR, FTIR, EDX, and elemental analyzer, and by comparing the acquired spectra with the literature precedent for different manganese complexes. These findings revealed that the pyranopyrazole derivatives were successfully complexed with manganese to generate nano-Mn-Schiff base compounds. Further complexation of these derivatives generated 12 novel types of the title compounds (3a-l), which can then be subjected for future chemical applications.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80858998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lijuan Zhang, Jian-Guo Ma, Xiaoyan Ma, Xiaotian Feng, Xuesong Bai, Yongtao Huang, R. Jayawardena, A. Mapook, Ji‐Chuan Kang, Yongzhong Lu
In a diversity study of helicosporous hyphomycetes, a new record viz. Neohelicosporium guangxiense was collected, isolated and identified based on multi-gene phylogenetic analyses and morphological evidence. In this study, secondary metabolites of N. guangxiense were also investigated, from which four compounds were isolated and identified, including three α-tetralon derivatives (1-3) and one isocoumarin derivative (4). This is the first time that these compounds were isolated from the fungal genus Neohelicosporium, and compound 1 was firstly isolated from natural resources. Their structures were assigned based on the extensive 1D/2D NMR spectroscopic analyses, ESI-MS, and HR-ESI-MS measurements, especially the 2D NMR spectra of compound 1 were described in detail, and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was also elucidated for the first time. Furthermore, the bioactivities of all compounds were inactive in our bioassays.
{"title":"A New Record of Neohelicosporium guangxiense and Its Secondary Metabolites","authors":"Lijuan Zhang, Jian-Guo Ma, Xiaoyan Ma, Xiaotian Feng, Xuesong Bai, Yongtao Huang, R. Jayawardena, A. Mapook, Ji‐Chuan Kang, Yongzhong Lu","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.010","url":null,"abstract":"In a diversity study of helicosporous hyphomycetes, a new record viz. Neohelicosporium guangxiense was collected, isolated and identified based on multi-gene phylogenetic analyses and morphological evidence. In this study, secondary metabolites of N. guangxiense were also investigated, from which four compounds were isolated and identified, including three α-tetralon derivatives (1-3) and one isocoumarin derivative (4). This is the first time that these compounds were isolated from the fungal genus Neohelicosporium, and compound 1 was firstly isolated from natural resources. Their structures were assigned based on the extensive 1D/2D NMR spectroscopic analyses, ESI-MS, and HR-ESI-MS measurements, especially the 2D NMR spectra of compound 1 were described in detail, and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was also elucidated for the first time. Furthermore, the bioactivities of all compounds were inactive in our bioassays.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78105369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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