D. Harishchandra, Wei Zhang, Thilini Chethana Kandawatte Wedaralalage, Xinghong Li, R. Cheewangkoon
Grape is an important crop due to its consumption as fresh fruit as well as the secondary products developed from the berries such as wines, jams, juice, jellies, and vinegar. Postharvest losses in grapes can adversely affect their market value and the quality of the secondary products developed from grapes. These losses can be due to pathogenic infections and other damage due to improper handling and storage practices. During a brief survey of the cold storage facilities of the Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, grape berries showing postharvest rot symptoms were collected. Further onsite observations suggested that the disease was postharvest pink mold rot caused by Trichothecium roseum. Trichothecium roseum is an asexually reproducing soil-borne fungus with an unknown sexual morph. This fungus is known to cause postharvest diseases in many fruits and vegetables around the world. Our objective in this study was to report the fi rst occurrence of pink rot on grapes caused by T. roseum with molecular phylogeny, morphological studies, and pathogenicity tests. Also, this is the fi rst report of T. roseum from grapes in China.
{"title":"Identifi cation of the Postharvest Pink Mold Rot Fungus (Trichothecium roseum) on Grapes in China","authors":"D. Harishchandra, Wei Zhang, Thilini Chethana Kandawatte Wedaralalage, Xinghong Li, R. Cheewangkoon","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.040","url":null,"abstract":"Grape is an important crop due to its consumption as fresh fruit as well as the secondary products developed from the berries such as wines, jams, juice, jellies, and vinegar. Postharvest losses in grapes can adversely affect their market value and the quality of the secondary products developed from grapes. These losses can be due to pathogenic infections and other damage due to improper handling and storage practices. During a brief survey of the cold storage facilities of the Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, grape berries showing postharvest rot symptoms were collected. Further onsite observations suggested that the disease was postharvest pink mold rot caused by Trichothecium roseum. Trichothecium roseum is an asexually reproducing soil-borne fungus with an unknown sexual morph. This fungus is known to cause postharvest diseases in many fruits and vegetables around the world. Our objective in this study was to report the fi rst occurrence of pink rot on grapes caused by T. roseum with molecular phylogeny, morphological studies, and pathogenicity tests. Also, this is the fi rst report of T. roseum from grapes in China.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80988268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wittanan Tammadid, Ketmanee Nantasom, Wichayaporn Sirksiri, Supika Vanitchung, Chaiwatchara Promjittiphong, A. Limsakul, P. Hanpattanakit
The increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) has resulted in global climate change, with the Northeast region of Thailand experiencing the highest rate of change. This poses signifi cant risks of drought and its impact on crop yield production. To better understand the potential consequences of climate change and devise suitable adaptation strategies, this study aims to project precipitation and temperature data for Northeast Thailand from 2015 to 2055, using bias-corrected global climate models under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. The results showed that the annual precipitation and temperature increased from 2015 to 2055 under both RCPs. The annual average (minimum-maximum) of precipitation from the CanESM, GFDL, MIROC5, NorESM, and ensemble mean from four models under RCP4.5 were 1,238.83 (904.28-1,629.70), 1,227.82 (865.49- 1,721.31), 1,312.78 (876.60-1,616.38), 1,350.21 (985.55-1,625.00), and 1,282.41 (1,088.43-1,461.49) mm and RCP8.5 were 1,267.96 (864.24-1,712.86), 1,222.20 (863.79-1,835.43), 1,294.07 (843.04-1,752.41), 1,353.14 (1,059.50-1,827.23), and 1,284.34 (1,116.55-1,541.63) mm, respectively. While, those of temperature under RCP4.5 were 29.27 (28.15-30.35), 29.59 (27.98-31.20), 29.12 (27.65-30.70), 28.09 (26.96-29.14), and 29.02 (28.08-29.90) °C and RCP8.5 were 29.50 (28.12-31.40), 29.68 (28.23-31.50), 29.11 (27.51-30.26), 28.37 (27.11-29.88), and 29.17 (28.08-30.66) °C, respectively. These fi ndings suggest that the annual precipitation is lower under RCP4.5 compared to RCP8.5, while the temperature shows an increasing trend under both RCPs. Therefore, it is evident that climate change will manifest differently in Northeast Thailand, depending on local contexts and the measures implemented today. Understanding the impacts and risks of future climate change at a local scale and identifying adaptive solutions pose signifi cant challenges for the future.
{"title":"Future Projections of Precipitation and Temperature in Northeast, Thailand using Bias-Corrected Global Climate Models","authors":"Wittanan Tammadid, Ketmanee Nantasom, Wichayaporn Sirksiri, Supika Vanitchung, Chaiwatchara Promjittiphong, A. Limsakul, P. Hanpattanakit","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.041","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) has resulted in global climate change, with the Northeast region of Thailand experiencing the highest rate of change. This poses signifi cant risks of drought and its impact on crop yield production. To better understand the potential consequences of climate change and devise suitable adaptation strategies, this study aims to project precipitation and temperature data for Northeast Thailand from 2015 to 2055, using bias-corrected global climate models under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. The results showed that the annual precipitation and temperature increased from 2015 to 2055 under both RCPs. The annual average (minimum-maximum) of precipitation from the CanESM, GFDL, MIROC5, NorESM, and ensemble mean from four models under RCP4.5 were 1,238.83 (904.28-1,629.70), 1,227.82 (865.49- 1,721.31), 1,312.78 (876.60-1,616.38), 1,350.21 (985.55-1,625.00), and 1,282.41 (1,088.43-1,461.49) mm and RCP8.5 were 1,267.96 (864.24-1,712.86), 1,222.20 (863.79-1,835.43), 1,294.07 (843.04-1,752.41), 1,353.14 (1,059.50-1,827.23), and 1,284.34 (1,116.55-1,541.63) mm, respectively. While, those of temperature under RCP4.5 were 29.27 (28.15-30.35), 29.59 (27.98-31.20), 29.12 (27.65-30.70), 28.09 (26.96-29.14), and 29.02 (28.08-29.90) °C and RCP8.5 were 29.50 (28.12-31.40), 29.68 (28.23-31.50), 29.11 (27.51-30.26), 28.37 (27.11-29.88), and 29.17 (28.08-30.66) °C, respectively. These fi ndings suggest that the annual precipitation is lower under RCP4.5 compared to RCP8.5, while the temperature shows an increasing trend under both RCPs. Therefore, it is evident that climate change will manifest differently in Northeast Thailand, depending on local contexts and the measures implemented today. Understanding the impacts and risks of future climate change at a local scale and identifying adaptive solutions pose signifi cant challenges for the future.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76686944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes an analytical formula for conditional moments of the extended Heston- CEV hybrid model, where the underlying asset dynamic is formed under the hybrid framework of a constant elasticity of variance (CEV) process that is the March–Rosenfeld process. The formula is received by successfully solving the partial differential equation corresponding to the infi nitesimal generator for two-dimensional process. The formula obtained is easy to use in practice and relatively more general compared with the currently existing results in the literature. In addition, numerical validations are conducted to illustrate the accuracy of our analytical formula by comparing the results gained from the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.
{"title":"Analytical Formula for Conditional Moments of Extended Heston-CEV Hybrid Model with Time-dependent Parameters","authors":"Promsiri Anunak, P. Boonserm, Udomsak Rakwongwan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.022","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an analytical formula for conditional moments of the extended Heston- CEV hybrid model, where the underlying asset dynamic is formed under the hybrid framework of a constant elasticity of variance (CEV) process that is the March–Rosenfeld process. The formula is received by successfully solving the partial differential equation corresponding to the infi nitesimal generator for two-dimensional process. The formula obtained is easy to use in practice and relatively more general compared with the currently existing results in the literature. In addition, numerical validations are conducted to illustrate the accuracy of our analytical formula by comparing the results gained from the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86748428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ru Lan, Jing Li, Hai-fang Lin, B. Qiao, Yi Huang, Rulin Wang
Alien invasive algae along with ship ballast water have posed a serious threat to China’s marine ecological security. A clear understanding of the geographical distribution of invasive species and their response to climate change can provide a scientifi c basis for their prevention and control. In this study, combined with environmental variables and distribution data, MaxEnt was used to predict the potential geographical distribution and change trend of Cryptomonas sp. in the four major sea areas of China in current, 2040s (2031-2050) and 2090s (2081-2100), reveal the dominant environmental factors affecting the geographical distribution, analyze the migration trends of centroids the highly suitable area, and clarify the key control sea areas. Results showed that: 1) The most important environmental variable affecting the geographical distribution of Cryptomonas sp. was the Temperature. Range (bio24). 2) Under current climate condition, the suitability index of Cryptomonas sp. in the whole sea area of the Yellow Sea, the northern sea area of the East China Sea, and the corresponding sea areas of Jiaxing, Ningbo, Dongying, Weifang and Zhangzhou, and special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of Cryptomonas sp.. 3) Under the scenarios in 2040s (2031-2050) and 2090s (2081-2100), the total suitable area and highly suitable areas of Cryptomonas sp. in the four sea areas of China showed an increasing trend. 4) Under climate change scenarios in 2040s and 2090s, in the Yellow Sea, the centroid of the highly suitable area of Cryptomonas sp. would generally move to the southeast or southwest. In the Bohai Sea and the East China Sea, the centroid showed a trend of moving to different latitudes and directions under different scenarios. In the Bohai Sea, the centroid showed a trend of moving to the north. These moving trends indicated that Cryptomonas sp. may adapt to climate change by changingtheir distribution areas.
{"title":"Potential Suitable Area of Invasive Species Cryptomonas sp. under Climate Change Scenarios in China Sea Areas","authors":"Ru Lan, Jing Li, Hai-fang Lin, B. Qiao, Yi Huang, Rulin Wang","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.028","url":null,"abstract":"Alien invasive algae along with ship ballast water have posed a serious threat to China’s marine ecological security. A clear understanding of the geographical distribution of invasive species and their response to climate change can provide a scientifi c basis for their prevention and control. In this study, combined with environmental variables and distribution data, MaxEnt was used to predict the potential geographical distribution and change trend of Cryptomonas sp. in the four major sea areas of China in current, 2040s (2031-2050) and 2090s (2081-2100), reveal the dominant environmental factors affecting the geographical distribution, analyze the migration trends of centroids the highly suitable area, and clarify the key control sea areas. Results showed that: 1) The most important environmental variable affecting the geographical distribution of Cryptomonas sp. was the Temperature. Range (bio24). 2) Under current climate condition, the suitability index of Cryptomonas sp. in the whole sea area of the Yellow Sea, the northern sea area of the East China Sea, and the corresponding sea areas of Jiaxing, Ningbo, Dongying, Weifang and Zhangzhou, and special attention should be paid to the prevention and control of Cryptomonas sp.. 3) Under the scenarios in 2040s (2031-2050) and 2090s (2081-2100), the total suitable area and highly suitable areas of Cryptomonas sp. in the four sea areas of China showed an increasing trend. 4) Under climate change scenarios in 2040s and 2090s, in the Yellow Sea, the centroid of the highly suitable area of Cryptomonas sp. would generally move to the southeast or southwest. In the Bohai Sea and the East China Sea, the centroid showed a trend of moving to different latitudes and directions under different scenarios. In the Bohai Sea, the centroid showed a trend of moving to the north. These moving trends indicated that Cryptomonas sp. may adapt to climate change by changingtheir distribution areas.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73459817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leaves of Caesar weed (Urena lobata) with typical powdery mildew symptoms were collected from Baiyun Mountain Park in Guangzhou, China during winter and summer in 2020 and 2021. Based on the morphology and molecular sequence analyses of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA region, the causative agent was identified as Erysiphe quercicola. A description and relevant microscopic images of the pathogen are provided. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of E. quercicola on Urena lobata and this study expands the host range of E. quercicola. Further, we provided details of life cycle and geographical distribution of the fungus.
{"title":"Addition to Erysiphe quercicola, A Powdery Mildew Fungus on Urena lobata in South China","authors":"Shiqing Ma, Biao Xu, I. Senanayake, Jia Song","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.030","url":null,"abstract":"Leaves of Caesar weed (Urena lobata) with typical powdery mildew symptoms were collected from Baiyun Mountain Park in Guangzhou, China during winter and summer in 2020 and 2021. Based on the morphology and molecular sequence analyses of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rDNA region, the causative agent was identified as Erysiphe quercicola. A description and relevant microscopic images of the pathogen are provided. According to our knowledge, this is the first report of E. quercicola on Urena lobata and this study expands the host range of E. quercicola. Further, we provided details of life cycle and geographical distribution of the fungus.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83160303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonthirat Charoenrak, M. Wakayama, S. Charumanee, P. Sirisa-ard, S. Bovonsombut, Suwalee Kiatkarun, T. Chitov, S. Bovonsombut
β-glucan is a water-soluble polysaccharide present in natural products and has many health benefi ts such as its role as a dietary fi ber. This study aimed to extract and characterize β-glucan in kombucha bacterial cellulose (KBC) powder and concentrated kombucha. The extraction method used was ultrasound sonication combined with enzymatic treatment. The results showed that the content of β-glucan was 19.70% (w/w) in KBC extract and 8.34% (w/v) in concentrated kombucha extract, determined using β-glucan assay kit (Mixed linkage). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis confi rmed the presence of β-glucan with β-(1→3) and β-(1→4) glucan linkages, as well as the presence of proteins, mannans, and other components in both KBC β-glucan and concentrated kombucha β-glucan extracts. Regarding bile acid binding potential, concentrated kombucha β-glucan exhibited a high bile acid binding capacity for up to 24 hours, while KBC β-glucan only retained this capacity for up to 4 hours. Altogether, these fi ndings highlight the presence and properties of β-glucan in kombucha, suggesting its potential as a functional ingredient with health benefi ts.
{"title":"Extraction and Characterization of β-Glucan from Kombucha Bacterial Cellulose and Concentrated Kombucha: Evaluating their Bile Acid Binding Capacity","authors":"Sonthirat Charoenrak, M. Wakayama, S. Charumanee, P. Sirisa-ard, S. Bovonsombut, Suwalee Kiatkarun, T. Chitov, S. Bovonsombut","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.033","url":null,"abstract":"β-glucan is a water-soluble polysaccharide present in natural products and has many health benefi ts such as its role as a dietary fi ber. This study aimed to extract and characterize β-glucan in kombucha bacterial cellulose (KBC) powder and concentrated kombucha. The extraction method used was ultrasound sonication combined with enzymatic treatment. The results showed that the content of β-glucan was 19.70% (w/w) in KBC extract and 8.34% (w/v) in concentrated kombucha extract, determined using β-glucan assay kit (Mixed linkage). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis confi rmed the presence of β-glucan with β-(1→3) and β-(1→4) glucan linkages, as well as the presence of proteins, mannans, and other components in both KBC β-glucan and concentrated kombucha β-glucan extracts. Regarding bile acid binding potential, concentrated kombucha β-glucan exhibited a high bile acid binding capacity for up to 24 hours, while KBC β-glucan only retained this capacity for up to 4 hours. Altogether, these fi ndings highlight the presence and properties of β-glucan in kombucha, suggesting its potential as a functional ingredient with health benefi ts.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90550765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luzz Claire P. Llenos, Ivy Lorelei G. Miranda, A. A. Domogo, J. Collera
In this paper, we propose and study a transmission model among individuals in a hospital of antibiotic-resistant bacteria considering dysbiosis. The transmission of such bacteria in a hospital setting has been the focus of several previous researches. However, the aspect and contribution of antibioticinduced dysbiosis was not considered in the existing literature. Antibiotics impact the human intestinal microbiome for it unintentionally affects the needed gut microbiota diversity which are fundamental drivers of health and disease in humans. This unintentional destabilization of the healthy human microbiome results in microbial imbalance called dysbiosis. The goal of this paper is to analyze the dynamics of the proposed model in order to come up with insights and possible strategies to control antibiotic-resistant bacterial transmission among individuals in a hospital considering dysbiosis. Possible equilibria of the model system include the resistance-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium. The stability of the former means that the antibiotic resistance dies out, while the stability of the latter implies that the antibiotic resistance persists. We determined using sensitivity analysis that the most infl uential parameter is the drug 1 treatment rate. Moreover, we found a threshold value for this parameter, using numerical continuation, where the antibiotic resistance persists. These results provide insights on how to strategize to control the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in this setting.
{"title":"Mathematical Modeling of Antibiotic Resistance in Hospital with Dysbiosis","authors":"Luzz Claire P. Llenos, Ivy Lorelei G. Miranda, A. A. Domogo, J. Collera","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.027","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose and study a transmission model among individuals in a hospital of antibiotic-resistant bacteria considering dysbiosis. The transmission of such bacteria in a hospital setting has been the focus of several previous researches. However, the aspect and contribution of antibioticinduced dysbiosis was not considered in the existing literature. Antibiotics impact the human intestinal microbiome for it unintentionally affects the needed gut microbiota diversity which are fundamental drivers of health and disease in humans. This unintentional destabilization of the healthy human microbiome results in microbial imbalance called dysbiosis. The goal of this paper is to analyze the dynamics of the proposed model in order to come up with insights and possible strategies to control antibiotic-resistant bacterial transmission among individuals in a hospital considering dysbiosis. Possible equilibria of the model system include the resistance-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium. The stability of the former means that the antibiotic resistance dies out, while the stability of the latter implies that the antibiotic resistance persists. We determined using sensitivity analysis that the most infl uential parameter is the drug 1 treatment rate. Moreover, we found a threshold value for this parameter, using numerical continuation, where the antibiotic resistance persists. These results provide insights on how to strategize to control the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in this setting.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79646494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cheng Dao, S. Karunarathna, A. H. Ekanayaka, Li Lu, Er-Fu Yang, S. Tibpromma, Kai Yan
Fruits are one of the major economic commodities worldwide and postharvest rot diseases is one of the major problems that led to decreasing fruit production. Fungal contaminants reduce the quality of fresh fruits after harvest and it is one of the leading causes of economic loss in global fresh fruits. The purpose of this research was to isolate and identify pathogens causing postharvest rots on common fruits available in markets in Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. The fruits viz. apple (Malus domestica), dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), peach (Amygdalus persica) and pear (Pyrus sorotina) were selected to examine post-harvest rots since they are commonly available fruits in Yunnan markets. We isolated six fungal strains from the above-mentioned fruits. The pathogenicity tests and phylogenetic analyses were carried out for the fungi isolated from fruits. Our results showed that Fusarium spp. are common on apple, peach and dragon fruit. In the pathogenicity test, Monilinia yunnanensis inoculated on the pear had the strongest effect on the pear, and the disease spot expanded over half of the total area of the fruit. Our results are expected to provide a reference and basis for preventing postharvest diseases of common fruits in Yunnan.
{"title":"Isolation and Identifi cation of Postharvest Fungal Pathogens of Some Selected Fruits in Yunnan, China","authors":"Cheng Dao, S. Karunarathna, A. H. Ekanayaka, Li Lu, Er-Fu Yang, S. Tibpromma, Kai Yan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.023","url":null,"abstract":"Fruits are one of the major economic commodities worldwide and postharvest rot diseases is one of the major problems that led to decreasing fruit production. Fungal contaminants reduce the quality of fresh fruits after harvest and it is one of the leading causes of economic loss in global fresh fruits. The purpose of this research was to isolate and identify pathogens causing postharvest rots on common fruits available in markets in Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. The fruits viz. apple (Malus domestica), dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), peach (Amygdalus persica) and pear (Pyrus sorotina) were selected to examine post-harvest rots since they are commonly available fruits in Yunnan markets. We isolated six fungal strains from the above-mentioned fruits. The pathogenicity tests and phylogenetic analyses were carried out for the fungi isolated from fruits. Our results showed that Fusarium spp. are common on apple, peach and dragon fruit. In the pathogenicity test, Monilinia yunnanensis inoculated on the pear had the strongest effect on the pear, and the disease spot expanded over half of the total area of the fruit. Our results are expected to provide a reference and basis for preventing postharvest diseases of common fruits in Yunnan.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76988096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ladapa Kumdhitiahutsawakul, T. Singhapetcharat, Paweena Choochuay, Pinan Dawkrajai, Y. Tragoolpua, S. Bovonsombut
Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR) is an effective alternative method for oil recovery in reservoirs using microorganisms or their secondary metabolites. This research aimed to evaluate the indigenous bacteria from Mae Soon reservoir by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods and to investigate the potential of biosurfactant-producing bacteria using a drop-collapsed assay. Indigenous bacteria were isolated from the oil sands of the reserved core of Mae Soon reservoir using fi ve different media (nutrient, Luria-Bertani, mineral salt, tryptic soy, and peptone yeast extract). Fifty-four facultative anaerobic bacterial isolates were obtained. Seven isolates showed their potential as biosurfactant producers in the drop-collapse assay. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, six of the biosurfactant-producing bacterial isolates belonged to the species Bacillus licheniformis and one belonged to the species B. subtilis. The biosurfactant producers and microbial community in the oil sands were determined using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). Interestingly, DGGE bands corresponding to bacteria belonging to the genus Geobacillus sp. were detected. Overall, the results obtained from this work showed that indigenous bacteria in Mae Soon reservoir oil well were prospective for use in MEOR.
{"title":"Biosurfactant-Producing Bacteria and Microbial Analysis in Mae Soon Reservoir, Fang Oil Field, Chiang Mai, Thailand","authors":"Ladapa Kumdhitiahutsawakul, T. Singhapetcharat, Paweena Choochuay, Pinan Dawkrajai, Y. Tragoolpua, S. Bovonsombut","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.024","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR) is an effective alternative method for oil recovery in reservoirs using microorganisms or their secondary metabolites. This research aimed to evaluate the indigenous bacteria from Mae Soon reservoir by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods and to investigate the potential of biosurfactant-producing bacteria using a drop-collapsed assay. Indigenous bacteria were isolated from the oil sands of the reserved core of Mae Soon reservoir using fi ve different media (nutrient, Luria-Bertani, mineral salt, tryptic soy, and peptone yeast extract). Fifty-four facultative anaerobic bacterial isolates were obtained. Seven isolates showed their potential as biosurfactant producers in the drop-collapse assay. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, six of the biosurfactant-producing bacterial isolates belonged to the species Bacillus licheniformis and one belonged to the species B. subtilis. The biosurfactant producers and microbial community in the oil sands were determined using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). Interestingly, DGGE bands corresponding to bacteria belonging to the genus Geobacillus sp. were detected. Overall, the results obtained from this work showed that indigenous bacteria in Mae Soon reservoir oil well were prospective for use in MEOR.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79134551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaofei Liu, J. Lian, Zhihui Zheng, Ye Qi, Guangjian Zhang, Wei Wang, Naipu Zhang
Corn straw is a type of high-yield agricultural waste in China, but it has not been fully utilized owing to the diffi culty of degrading it and its low utilization rate. To improve the rate of degradation of corn straw and ensure that the straw resources are utilized more fully, we obtained an actinomycete that could simultaneously degrade cellulose and pectin from the cold region and black glebe of northeast China. The strain was named DPA-3-18, and its biological morphology and the sequence of its 16S rRNA were identifi ed. These analyses determined that it is a species of Streptomyces. The strain was combined with the lab-stored GS-30 and Bacillus subtilis to construct composite fl ora and conduct a single factor experiment. Signifi cantly higher factors were selected by Plackett Burman, and its fermentation conditions were optimized using response surface methodology. The optimal cultivation conditions were 4% of inoculum, a culture temperature of 28.51°C, an initial pH value of the medium of 7.43, and the oscillation during fermentation took place at 199.62 rpm. Under these conditions, 40.38% of the corn straw was degraded. F rom the results of SEM, we found that the structure of corn straw before degradation was complete, and the internal structure of corn straw after degradation with c omposite fl ora was destructed. The FT-IR spectra shown that the absorption peaks in all places of corn straw were reduced after degradation by the composite fl ora, the absorption peaks at 1640 cm-1 of corn straw after degradation were lower than that of before degrad ation, which confi rmed the decrease in cellulose. It indicated that the corn straw was signifi cantly degraded by the composite fl ora. This study contributed to understanding the change in corn straw after fermentation by the composite fl ora, and providing a theoretical basis for comprehensive utilization of corn straw.
{"title":"Screening of Cellulose and Pectin Degrading Actinomycetes and Evaluation of the Ability of Composite Flora to Degrade Corn Straw","authors":"Xiaofei Liu, J. Lian, Zhihui Zheng, Ye Qi, Guangjian Zhang, Wei Wang, Naipu Zhang","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.021","url":null,"abstract":"Corn straw is a type of high-yield agricultural waste in China, but it has not been fully utilized owing to the diffi culty of degrading it and its low utilization rate. To improve the rate of degradation of corn straw and ensure that the straw resources are utilized more fully, we obtained an actinomycete that could simultaneously degrade cellulose and pectin from the cold region and black glebe of northeast China. The strain was named DPA-3-18, and its biological morphology and the sequence of its 16S rRNA were identifi ed. These analyses determined that it is a species of Streptomyces. The strain was combined with the lab-stored GS-30 and Bacillus subtilis to construct composite fl ora and conduct a single factor experiment. Signifi cantly higher factors were selected by Plackett Burman, and its fermentation conditions were optimized using response surface methodology. The optimal cultivation conditions were 4% of inoculum, a culture temperature of 28.51°C, an initial pH value of the medium of 7.43, and the oscillation during fermentation took place at 199.62 rpm. Under these conditions, 40.38% of the corn straw was degraded. F rom the results of SEM, we found that the structure of corn straw before degradation was complete, and the internal structure of corn straw after degradation with c omposite fl ora was destructed. The FT-IR spectra shown that the absorption peaks in all places of corn straw were reduced after degradation by the composite fl ora, the absorption peaks at 1640 cm-1 of corn straw after degradation were lower than that of before degrad ation, which confi rmed the decrease in cellulose. It indicated that the corn straw was signifi cantly degraded by the composite fl ora. This study contributed to understanding the change in corn straw after fermentation by the composite fl ora, and providing a theoretical basis for comprehensive utilization of corn straw.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82503109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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