Yingxin Zhao, Hao Hu, Shengyu Zhang, S. Feng, Yun Yang, Xiongjian Li, Shuijin Yang
Metal organic frameworks have a wide range of applications in the fi eld of environmental remediation. In this study, Fe-BDC/Fe-2MI composites were synthesized by one-pot solvothermal method. By studying the adsorption performance of methylene blue (MB) in wastewater, it was confi rmed that Fe-BDC/Fe-2MI has excellent adsorption properties. When the initial molar ratio of FeCl3 .6H2O: H2BDC: 2-MI is 1:1.5:10, the adsorbent has the best adsorption performance. At the same time, the effects of different pH (2-10), temperature (303-323K) and initial concentration of adsorbate (30-90mg/L) on the adsorption capacity were further explored. It was found that when pH=6.0, T=303K was favorable for Fe-BDC/Fe-2MI to adsorb MB. The adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model, indicating that it was a monolayer adsorption which was a good adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters show that the adsorption process is a spontaneous exothermic reaction. These results demonstrated that Fe-BDC/Fe-2MI composites possess potential practical application value.
{"title":"2-Methylimidazole-modifi ed Iron Metal-organic Framework as an Effi cient Methylene Blue Adsorbent","authors":"Yingxin Zhao, Hao Hu, Shengyu Zhang, S. Feng, Yun Yang, Xiongjian Li, Shuijin Yang","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.104","url":null,"abstract":"Metal organic frameworks have a wide range of applications in the fi eld of environmental remediation. In this study, Fe-BDC/Fe-2MI composites were synthesized by one-pot solvothermal method. By studying the adsorption performance of methylene blue (MB) in wastewater, it was confi rmed that Fe-BDC/Fe-2MI has excellent adsorption properties. When the initial molar ratio of FeCl3 .6H2O: H2BDC: 2-MI is 1:1.5:10, the adsorbent has the best adsorption performance. At the same time, the effects of different pH (2-10), temperature (303-323K) and initial concentration of adsorbate (30-90mg/L) on the adsorption capacity were further explored. It was found that when pH=6.0, T=303K was favorable for Fe-BDC/Fe-2MI to adsorb MB. The adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model, indicating that it was a monolayer adsorption which was a good adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters show that the adsorption process is a spontaneous exothermic reaction. These results demonstrated that Fe-BDC/Fe-2MI composites possess potential practical application value.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77133066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vignesh Palanivelu, S. Palanisamy, Seenivasan Murugesan
This work deals with the fabrication of the aluminium metal matrix composite (AMMC) reinforced with titanium material and stir casting process is employed for the fabrication of the aluminum metal matrix composite. The process parameters considered in this work are squeeze pressure, squeeze time, die preheating temperature and stirring speed. L9 orthogonal array is used to conduct the experiments and the AMMC is tested for its compressive strength, tensile strength and hardness. A novel optimization tool, Technique For Order Of Preference By Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to rank the optimal process parameters.
本文研究了钛材料增强铝基复合材料(AMMC)的制备，并采用搅拌铸造工艺制备了铝基复合材料。本工作考虑的工艺参数为挤压压力、挤压时间、模具预热温度和搅拌速度。采用L9正交试验法对材料进行了抗压强度、抗拉强度和硬度测试。提出了一种新的优化工具TOPSIS (technical For Order Of Preference By Similarity To Ideal Solution)来对工艺参数进行优化排序。
{"title":"Multi Objective Optimization Of Stir Casting Process Parameters Using Technique For Order Of Preference By Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)","authors":"Vignesh Palanivelu, S. Palanisamy, Seenivasan Murugesan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.105","url":null,"abstract":"This work deals with the fabrication of the aluminium metal matrix composite (AMMC) reinforced with titanium material and stir casting process is employed for the fabrication of the aluminum metal matrix composite. The process parameters considered in this work are squeeze pressure, squeeze time, die preheating temperature and stirring speed. L9 orthogonal array is used to conduct the experiments and the AMMC is tested for its compressive strength, tensile strength and hardness. A novel optimization tool, Technique For Order Of Preference By Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to rank the optimal process parameters.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76754250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Montree Hankoy, M. Kitiwan, Chaiwat Phrompet, C. Ruttanapun, Rittichote Kaewpengkrow, S. Vichaphund, D. Atong, P. Tunthawiroon
Hydrogen sulfi de (H2S) is one of the most common pollutants found in natural gas and industrial waste. Over the few decades, the removal of H2S has become a signifi cant problem. In the fi eld of a clean environment such as water purifi cation and toxic gas removal, graphene oxide (GO) has been found to have advantages. In this study, the infl uence of GO on alumina (Al2O3) as an adsorbent of H2S was examined. A series of Al2O3/GO (AGO) composites with varying graphene oxide addition (0.5–3.0 wt%) were prepared using the high-temperature sintering method. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicate the primary phase of Al2O3 with hexagonal crystal structure for all AGO composites. Raman spectrometry measurements confi rmed that the GO particles were incorporated in AGO composites. The TEM image indicated that GO nanosheets were embedded between Al2O3 grains. The effi ciency of AGO adsorbent at ambient temperature was investigated and compared with the pristine Al2O3 adsorbent. The AGO composites adsorbent demonstrated the H2S breakthrough capacity in the range of 0.07–0.43 mg/g, which is higher than that of pristine Al2O3 (0.06 mg/g). Furthermore, the highest H2S breakthrough capacity of 0.43 mg/g was obtained from AGO containing 3.0 wt% GO. This investigation demonstrates that the AGO adsorbent fabricated using a simple method has the potential to be used for H2S removal at ambient temperature.
{"title":"Hydrogen Sulfi de Adsorption on Alumina/Graphene Oxide Composites at Ambient Temperature","authors":"Montree Hankoy, M. Kitiwan, Chaiwat Phrompet, C. Ruttanapun, Rittichote Kaewpengkrow, S. Vichaphund, D. Atong, P. Tunthawiroon","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.101","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen sulfi de (H2S) is one of the most common pollutants found in natural gas and industrial waste. Over the few decades, the removal of H2S has become a signifi cant problem. In the fi eld of a clean environment such as water purifi cation and toxic gas removal, graphene oxide (GO) has been found to have advantages. In this study, the infl uence of GO on alumina (Al2O3) as an adsorbent of H2S was examined. A series of Al2O3/GO (AGO) composites with varying graphene oxide addition (0.5–3.0 wt%) were prepared using the high-temperature sintering method. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicate the primary phase of Al2O3 with hexagonal crystal structure for all AGO composites. Raman spectrometry measurements confi rmed that the GO particles were incorporated in AGO composites. The TEM image indicated that GO nanosheets were embedded between Al2O3 grains. The effi ciency of AGO adsorbent at ambient temperature was investigated and compared with the pristine Al2O3 adsorbent. The AGO composites adsorbent demonstrated the H2S breakthrough capacity in the range of 0.07–0.43 mg/g, which is higher than that of pristine Al2O3 (0.06 mg/g). Furthermore, the highest H2S breakthrough capacity of 0.43 mg/g was obtained from AGO containing 3.0 wt% GO. This investigation demonstrates that the AGO adsorbent fabricated using a simple method has the potential to be used for H2S removal at ambient temperature.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79739670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sangthongdee, S. Phattarateera, P. Threepopnatkul
The goal of this study was to develop pregelatinized starch (P-St) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) fi lms as water-soluble laundry plastic bags to avoid having contact with COVID-19 infected clothes by extrusion method. The effects of pregelatinized starch (P-St) content on the properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) fi lms were examined. PVOH and P-St blend were compounded by twin- screw extruder with various P-St content of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% by weight with fi xed glycerol content of 20 phr. The blend fi lms were produced by blown fi lm extrusion. The chemical structure, thermal properties, water-solubility, mechanical properties, and the cross-sections morphological properties of PVOH/G/P-St were characterized. As a result, the formation of intermolecular interactions between PVOH, glycerol and P-St was confi rmed by FTIR. Moreover, the addition of P-St on PVOH could reduce the thermal stability due to the content of P-St with amylose, a substance of amorphous structure, affecting the chains fl exibility of PVOH/G/P-St. From the differential scanning calorimeter result, the glass transition temperature was increased with the increment of P-St content because the chains entanglement between PVOH and P-St had affected the reduction in crystallinity and led to the decrement of the melting temperature. Furthermore, the water solubility would strongly be dependent on the percentage of the gelatinized starch (%GS). The solubility decreased as the percentage of the GS increased. In addition, PVOH with 20% of P-St fi lm possessed the highest value in tensile strength and modulus, and the particles of P-St have a good distribution in PVOH/G indicating to stronger interaction of P-St and PVOH/G.
{"title":"The Eff ect of Pregelatinized Starch on the Properties of Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Film for the Water-Soluble Laundry Bag","authors":"M. Sangthongdee, S. Phattarateera, P. Threepopnatkul","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.096","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to develop pregelatinized starch (P-St) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) fi lms as water-soluble laundry plastic bags to avoid having contact with COVID-19 infected clothes by extrusion method. The effects of pregelatinized starch (P-St) content on the properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) fi lms were examined. PVOH and P-St blend were compounded by twin- screw extruder with various P-St content of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% by weight with fi xed glycerol content of 20 phr. The blend fi lms were produced by blown fi lm extrusion. The chemical structure, thermal properties, water-solubility, mechanical properties, and the cross-sections morphological properties of PVOH/G/P-St were characterized. As a result, the formation of intermolecular interactions between PVOH, glycerol and P-St was confi rmed by FTIR. Moreover, the addition of P-St on PVOH could reduce the thermal stability due to the content of P-St with amylose, a substance of amorphous structure, affecting the chains fl exibility of PVOH/G/P-St. From the differential scanning calorimeter result, the glass transition temperature was increased with the increment of P-St content because the chains entanglement between PVOH and P-St had affected the reduction in crystallinity and led to the decrement of the melting temperature. Furthermore, the water solubility would strongly be dependent on the percentage of the gelatinized starch (%GS). The solubility decreased as the percentage of the GS increased. In addition, PVOH with 20% of P-St fi lm possessed the highest value in tensile strength and modulus, and the particles of P-St have a good distribution in PVOH/G indicating to stronger interaction of P-St and PVOH/G.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82063156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, Salacca zalacca seed (SS) agricultural waste was employed as a material for the preparation of activated carbon. Salacca zalacca seed activated carbon (SSAC) was chemically activated using H3PO4 and used as an adsorbent for chromium (VI) adsorption. The effect of various experimental parameters such as activation temperature, impregnation ratio, and H3PO4 concentration (%) on adsorption capacity was determined using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum condition prediction of these values from RSM alines well with experimental data; activation temperature (800 °C), impregnation ratio (3.50) and H3PO4 concentration (75 %). SSAC activated at the optimum condition were intensively characterized to understand the morphology, surface charge density, chemical composition and textural property by using SEM, pHpzc, FTIR, CHON analysis, and N2 adsorption- desorption. Maximum chromium (VI) adsorption was 7.94 mg/g. Langmuir adsorption model was effectively fi tted to the equilibrium adsorption information. Furthermore, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model also explains the experimental data well. Overall, the results suggested that RSM could optimize the preparation conditions of Salacca zalacca seed biochar, leading to enhancing the adsorption capacity of chromium (VI) using Salacca zalacca seed-activated carbon. Moreover, SSAC provides a excellent reusability for up to 6 cycles. This result ensures that SSAC has great potential as a low-cost, high-value agricultural waste adsorbent for chromium (VI) removal.
{"title":"Process Optimization and Modeling of Low-cost Activated Carbon Preparation and Its Application in Chromium (VI) Removal","authors":"Theeradit Phothitontimongkol, K. Prasertboonyai","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.100","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Salacca zalacca seed (SS) agricultural waste was employed as a material for the preparation of activated carbon. Salacca zalacca seed activated carbon (SSAC) was chemically activated using H3PO4 and used as an adsorbent for chromium (VI) adsorption. The effect of various experimental parameters such as activation temperature, impregnation ratio, and H3PO4 concentration (%) on adsorption capacity was determined using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum condition prediction of these values from RSM alines well with experimental data; activation temperature (800 °C), impregnation ratio (3.50) and H3PO4 concentration (75 %). SSAC activated at the optimum condition were intensively characterized to understand the morphology, surface charge density, chemical composition and textural property by using SEM, pHpzc, FTIR, CHON analysis, and N2 adsorption- desorption. Maximum chromium (VI) adsorption was 7.94 mg/g. Langmuir adsorption model was effectively fi tted to the equilibrium adsorption information. Furthermore, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model also explains the experimental data well. Overall, the results suggested that RSM could optimize the preparation conditions of Salacca zalacca seed biochar, leading to enhancing the adsorption capacity of chromium (VI) using Salacca zalacca seed-activated carbon. Moreover, SSAC provides a excellent reusability for up to 6 cycles. This result ensures that SSAC has great potential as a low-cost, high-value agricultural waste adsorbent for chromium (VI) removal.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86108790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preecha Changyom, K. Leksakul, N. Charoenchai, D. Boonyawan
We report the design approach of a home-built rotary substrate holder on simple rotation stages for low-pressure vacuum applications. The result of designing and fabricating the rotary substrate holder that it can be successfully used to rotate the substrate in a low-pressure vacuum application without pressure fl uctuations and leakage. Then we investigated the suitable thin fi lm deposition by fabricating optimal multilayer coatings under three variable operating conditions: Speed of substrate, deposition time, and discharge voltage. The thin film deposition result of three copper targets was mounted on each magnetron gun, providing a total of three magnetron guns. The thin fi lm was deposited on a glass slide at room temperature using a custom-built angular DC magnetron co-sputtering system. Analysis of variance for the response surface regression model of film thickness as a function of the three independent variables shows that substrate rotation speed, sputtering time, sputtering voltage, and coeffi cient of squared sputtering time are the most signifi cant factors in determining the optimum film thickness. The optimum thin-film deposition with substrate rotation speed, sputtering time, and sputtering voltage of 10 rpm, 8.61 min, and 200%V, respectively, maximizes the thickness of 72.036 nm.
{"title":"Designed and Produced the Rotary Substrate Holder and Its Optimized in Angular DC Magnetron Co-Sputtering System","authors":"Preecha Changyom, K. Leksakul, N. Charoenchai, D. Boonyawan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.106","url":null,"abstract":"We report the design approach of a home-built rotary substrate holder on simple rotation stages for low-pressure vacuum applications. The result of designing and fabricating the rotary substrate holder that it can be successfully used to rotate the substrate in a low-pressure vacuum application without pressure fl uctuations and leakage. Then we investigated the suitable thin fi lm deposition by fabricating optimal multilayer coatings under three variable operating conditions: Speed of substrate, deposition time, and discharge voltage. The thin film deposition result of three copper targets was mounted on each magnetron gun, providing a total of three magnetron guns. The thin fi lm was deposited on a glass slide at room temperature using a custom-built angular DC magnetron co-sputtering system. Analysis of variance for the response surface regression model of film thickness as a function of the three independent variables shows that substrate rotation speed, sputtering time, sputtering voltage, and coeffi cient of squared sputtering time are the most signifi cant factors in determining the optimum film thickness. The optimum thin-film deposition with substrate rotation speed, sputtering time, and sputtering voltage of 10 rpm, 8.61 min, and 200%V, respectively, maximizes the thickness of 72.036 nm.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85166877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Economic Zone is one of the most polluted areas in northern China. In recent years, pollution has become one of the most severe the environmental problems in that region, posing huge impact on the urban traffi c and threatening the public health greatly. Understanding the spatio-temporal variability and their mechanisms is important for the monitoring and control of regional air pollution. This study employed the Mann-Kendall test, statistical methods, geographical spatial analysis, aiming to explore the characteristics of air quality and its main controlling factors in this region. Temporal analysis was conducted in four largest cities to indicate the variation trend of air quality and identify the infl uence of meteorological factors, while spatial analysis was conducted based on all 13 cities of the region to clarify the socioeconomic controls on air quality. The results from trend analysis indicate an improving trend in air quality. Temperature, air pressure and wind speed are the main meteorological factors controlling air quality in the four large cities, which impose important infl uence on the migration, diffusion or settlement of pollutants. Agglomeration degree and distribution characteristics of AQI and six pollutants show great spatial heterogeneity, which is determined by topography, land-sea position, physicochemical properties of pollutants and socioeconomic factors. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicate that economic development benefi ts the improvement of air quality, while industrialization and traffi c construction aggravate air pollution. The air quality is less dependent on the level of urbanization. About 55 % of the spatial AQI changes can be explained by the socioeconomic factors, suggesting the leading contribution of human activities to air quality. This study will help deeply understand the main sources of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and provides insights for urban planning and rational policy formulation that are conducive to air pollution control.
{"title":"Air Quality Characteristics and Their Natural and Socioeconomic Drivers in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Economic Zone, Northern China","authors":"Xiaoxue Zhang, Shuan Li, C. Xia","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.097","url":null,"abstract":"Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Economic Zone is one of the most polluted areas in northern China. In recent years, pollution has become one of the most severe the environmental problems in that region, posing huge impact on the urban traffi c and threatening the public health greatly. Understanding the spatio-temporal variability and their mechanisms is important for the monitoring and control of regional air pollution. This study employed the Mann-Kendall test, statistical methods, geographical spatial analysis, aiming to explore the characteristics of air quality and its main controlling factors in this region. Temporal analysis was conducted in four largest cities to indicate the variation trend of air quality and identify the infl uence of meteorological factors, while spatial analysis was conducted based on all 13 cities of the region to clarify the socioeconomic controls on air quality. The results from trend analysis indicate an improving trend in air quality. Temperature, air pressure and wind speed are the main meteorological factors controlling air quality in the four large cities, which impose important infl uence on the migration, diffusion or settlement of pollutants. Agglomeration degree and distribution characteristics of AQI and six pollutants show great spatial heterogeneity, which is determined by topography, land-sea position, physicochemical properties of pollutants and socioeconomic factors. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicate that economic development benefi ts the improvement of air quality, while industrialization and traffi c construction aggravate air pollution. The air quality is less dependent on the level of urbanization. About 55 % of the spatial AQI changes can be explained by the socioeconomic factors, suggesting the leading contribution of human activities to air quality. This study will help deeply understand the main sources of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and provides insights for urban planning and rational policy formulation that are conducive to air pollution control.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82722391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chattarika Sukpattanacharoen, Wasin Somboot, J. Jakmunee, Tinakorn Kanyanee
A porous membrane-based diffusion scrubber was fabricated to couple with a conductometric detector as a fl ow-batch system for determining ammonium in turbid surface waters. A gravity fl ow of DI water as a gas absorbing liquid and a manual sample introduction was employed to develop a cost- effective device without using a conventional pump and an injection valve. The standard calibration graph was linear in the range of 5 – 100 μmol L-1, with a relative standard deviation of < 5%. The detection limit based on the lowest concentration in the calibration graph of 5 μmol L-1 can be obtained. The results of ammonium determination using the proposed method agree well with those using the batch-wise indophenol blue as a standard method. The proposed analytical system provides a cost-effective setup and easy operation for ammonium determination in some turbid surface waters samples without requiring a fi ltering process and conventional glassware.
{"title":"Conductometric Determination of Ammonium in Turbid Water with a Flow-batch Porous Membrane-based Diff usion Scrubber System","authors":"Chattarika Sukpattanacharoen, Wasin Somboot, J. Jakmunee, Tinakorn Kanyanee","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.107","url":null,"abstract":"A porous membrane-based diffusion scrubber was fabricated to couple with a conductometric detector as a fl ow-batch system for determining ammonium in turbid surface waters. A gravity fl ow of DI water as a gas absorbing liquid and a manual sample introduction was employed to develop a cost- effective device without using a conventional pump and an injection valve. The standard calibration graph was linear in the range of 5 – 100 μmol L-1, with a relative standard deviation of < 5%. The detection limit based on the lowest concentration in the calibration graph of 5 μmol L-1 can be obtained. The results of ammonium determination using the proposed method agree well with those using the batch-wise indophenol blue as a standard method. The proposed analytical system provides a cost-effective setup and easy operation for ammonium determination in some turbid surface waters samples without requiring a fi ltering process and conventional glassware.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90556757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wilasinee Kingkam, Kewalee Nilgumhang, S. Nuchdang, Bheechanat Duangdee, V. Puripunyavanich, D. Rattanaphra
The stable of natural diatomite supported by potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalysts were synthesized for biodiesel production. A heterogeneous base catalyst prepared by impregnating KOH onto diatomite was also used to synthesize biodiesel from palm oil. All samples have been thoroughly characterized by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and Temperature-programmed desorption of carbon dioxide (CO2-TPD). The XRD, XRF, and SEM results confi rm that adding KOH to diatomite results in structural change. The SiO2 and K2O phases form in the diatomite structural matrix during impregnation and the total basicity amount of this compound promotes the transesterifi cation process. A maximum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content of 84.56% was obtained. The reaction conditions were as follows: molar ratio of oil to methanol 1:9, catalyst loading 5 wt%, reaction time 2 h, and reaction temperature 75 °C. This work provides a possible new method for converting KOH from a homogeneous to a heterogeneous catalyst (Diatomite/KOH) that may show stable reusability, avoiding the separation and pollution problems in the environment.
{"title":"Study the Stable Diatomite-supported Catalyst for Biodiesel Production","authors":"Wilasinee Kingkam, Kewalee Nilgumhang, S. Nuchdang, Bheechanat Duangdee, V. Puripunyavanich, D. Rattanaphra","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.083","url":null,"abstract":"The stable of natural diatomite supported by potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalysts were synthesized for biodiesel production. A heterogeneous base catalyst prepared by impregnating KOH onto diatomite was also used to synthesize biodiesel from palm oil. All samples have been thoroughly characterized by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and Temperature-programmed desorption of carbon dioxide (CO2-TPD). The XRD, XRF, and SEM results confi rm that adding KOH to diatomite results in structural change. The SiO2 and K2O phases form in the diatomite structural matrix during impregnation and the total basicity amount of this compound promotes the transesterifi cation process. A maximum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content of 84.56% was obtained. The reaction conditions were as follows: molar ratio of oil to methanol 1:9, catalyst loading 5 wt%, reaction time 2 h, and reaction temperature 75 °C. This work provides a possible new method for converting KOH from a homogeneous to a heterogeneous catalyst (Diatomite/KOH) that may show stable reusability, avoiding the separation and pollution problems in the environment.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75350350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Burachat Sripitak, Rattana Jariyaboon, Marisa Raketh, A. Reungsang, Chonticha Mamimin, S. O-thong, Prawit Kongjan
This research aimed to investigate the three-stage high solid anaerobic digestion (TSHS-AD) at ambient temperature. BMP was conducted at the various substrate to inoculum (S: I) ratios of 2:1, 4:1, and 6:1 on a volatile solid (VS) basis, each of which was conducted at different total solid concentrations (15%, 20%, and 30%). The highest methane yield of 343.97 mL-CH4·gVS-1 was achieved at 2:1-S: I ratio and 15 %TS. Meanwhile, TSHS-AD operated at S: I 2:1 and 15 %TS (20g-TS/L-R1) provide a maximum methane yield of 316.09 mL-CH4·gVS-1. The stage separation of TSHS-AD reduces inhibitors in the methanogenesis step. Moreover, it could create a full microbial function in each stage. Accumulation of VFA and semi-continuous feeding have considerable influence in enhancing anaerobic microbes involved in the biogas system. The annual income from biogas has the greatest impact on the investment attractiveness of TSHS-AD, according to the computation of IRR, NPV, and PB. The results obtained in this research could be potentially helpful to scale up the TSHS-AD system.
本研究旨在研究常温下三段式高固体厌氧消化(TSHS-AD)。在挥发性固体(VS)的基础上，在不同的总固体浓度(15%、20%和30%)下，以2:1、4:1和6:1的底物与接种物(S: I)比进行BMP。在2:1-S: I和15% TS条件下，甲烷产率最高，为343.97 mL-CH4·gVS-1。同时，在S: I 2:1和15% TS (20g-TS/L-R1)条件下，TSHS-AD的最大甲烷产率为316.09 mL-CH4·gVS-1。TSHS-AD的阶段分离减少了产甲烷步骤中的抑制剂。此外，它可以在每个阶段创造一个完整的微生物功能。VFA的积累和半连续进料对增强沼气系统中厌氧微生物有相当大的影响。根据IRR、NPV和PB计算，沼气年收益对TSHS-AD的投资吸引力影响最大。本研究的结果可能对TSHS-AD系统的扩展有潜在的帮助。
{"title":"The Three-stage High Solid Anaerobic Digestion (TSHS- AD) under Ambient Temperature for Enhanced Biogas Production from Cow Manure","authors":"Burachat Sripitak, Rattana Jariyaboon, Marisa Raketh, A. Reungsang, Chonticha Mamimin, S. O-thong, Prawit Kongjan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.078","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to investigate the three-stage high solid anaerobic digestion (TSHS-AD) at ambient temperature. BMP was conducted at the various substrate to inoculum (S: I) ratios of 2:1, 4:1, and 6:1 on a volatile solid (VS) basis, each of which was conducted at different total solid concentrations (15%, 20%, and 30%). The highest methane yield of 343.97 mL-CH4·gVS-1 was achieved at 2:1-S: I ratio and 15 %TS. Meanwhile, TSHS-AD operated at S: I 2:1 and 15 %TS (20g-TS/L-R1) provide a maximum methane yield of 316.09 mL-CH4·gVS-1. The stage separation of TSHS-AD reduces inhibitors in the methanogenesis step. Moreover, it could create a full microbial function in each stage. Accumulation of VFA and semi-continuous feeding have considerable influence in enhancing anaerobic microbes involved in the biogas system. The annual income from biogas has the greatest impact on the investment attractiveness of TSHS-AD, according to the computation of IRR, NPV, and PB. The results obtained in this research could be potentially helpful to scale up the TSHS-AD system.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78818222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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