Chanin Kaewmanee, Chotiwut Techakijvej, C. Phalaraksh
Land use change is a crucial issue when considering global dynamics and their interactions with the hydrologic properties of the soil and water management in catchment areas. Between 2017 to 2018, research was conducted on the effects of land use changes on water quality and flooding in the upper Nan River Basin. In Nan Province, land use is distributed as follows: natural forest protection covers 61.77 percent, agricultural purposes account for 35.23 percent, residential areas constitute 1.95 percent, and water usage represents 0.7 percent. The results indicate that the expansion of urban and agricultural regions has impacted the water quality of the river basin. A significant positive correlation was observed between agricultural land use and total phosphate content, while a strong negative correlation was found between forest land and total phosphate content. Residential occupancy and water quality demonstrated a strong correlation with total coliform contents. There were significant differences in water quality between the wet and dry seasons, particularly temperature, turbidity, total solids, total dissolved solids, and conductivity. Moreover, increases in annual and seasonal stream flow amounts were noted in relation to water levels and residential and construction projects.
{"title":"Effects of Land Use Changes on Water Quality and Flooding in Upper Nan River, Thailand","authors":"Chanin Kaewmanee, Chotiwut Techakijvej, C. Phalaraksh","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.008","url":null,"abstract":"Land use change is a crucial issue when considering global dynamics and their interactions with the hydrologic properties of the soil and water management in catchment areas. Between 2017 to 2018, research was conducted on the effects of land use changes on water quality and flooding in the upper Nan River Basin. In Nan Province, land use is distributed as follows: natural forest protection covers 61.77 percent, agricultural purposes account for 35.23 percent, residential areas constitute 1.95 percent, and water usage represents 0.7 percent. The results indicate that the expansion of urban and agricultural regions has impacted the water quality of the river basin. A significant positive correlation was observed between agricultural land use and total phosphate content, while a strong negative correlation was found between forest land and total phosphate content. Residential occupancy and water quality demonstrated a strong correlation with total coliform contents. There were significant differences in water quality between the wet and dry seasons, particularly temperature, turbidity, total solids, total dissolved solids, and conductivity. Moreover, increases in annual and seasonal stream flow amounts were noted in relation to water levels and residential and construction projects.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanapol Thitla, J. Kumla, Surapong Khuna, S. Srinuanpan, S. Hongsanan, Chanokned Senwanna, S. Tibpromma, W. Pathom-aree, S. Lumyong, N. Suwannarach
The genus Cladophialophora was established in 1980. Prior to this study, a total of 63 species had been validated and assigned to this genus. The members of Cladophialophora have been recognized as human pathogens that cause chromoblastomycosis and various other skin diseases. Beyond its pathogenic role, some members of this genus are associated with a range of lifestyles, as phytopathogens, endophytic fungi, saprobic fungi, rock-inhabiting fungi, and lichenicolous fungi. In this study, we present background information and recent research progress regarding the genus Cladophialophora by elucidating its taxonomic history, species diversity, classification outline, ecology, and geographical distribution. Additionally, the phylogenetic placement of the members of this genus has been updated based on multi-gene phylogenetic analyses. Moreover, the issues and perspectives in this genus are summarized. This article provides researchers with valuable information and increases the understanding of Cladophialophora, which will be useful for further research (taxonomy, phylogeny, distribution, diversity, ecological roles and medical fields) in this genus.
{"title":"Research Advances in Taxonomy, Phylogeny, Ecology, and Distribution of the Genus Cladophialophora","authors":"Tanapol Thitla, J. Kumla, Surapong Khuna, S. Srinuanpan, S. Hongsanan, Chanokned Senwanna, S. Tibpromma, W. Pathom-aree, S. Lumyong, N. Suwannarach","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.004","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Cladophialophora was established in 1980. Prior to this study, a total of 63 species had been validated and assigned to this genus. The members of Cladophialophora have been recognized as human pathogens that cause chromoblastomycosis and various other skin diseases. Beyond its pathogenic role, some members of this genus are associated with a range of lifestyles, as phytopathogens, endophytic fungi, saprobic fungi, rock-inhabiting fungi, and lichenicolous fungi. In this study, we present background information and recent research progress regarding the genus Cladophialophora by elucidating its taxonomic history, species diversity, classification outline, ecology, and geographical distribution. Additionally, the phylogenetic placement of the members of this genus has been updated based on multi-gene phylogenetic analyses. Moreover, the issues and perspectives in this genus are summarized. This article provides researchers with valuable information and increases the understanding of Cladophialophora, which will be useful for further research (taxonomy, phylogeny, distribution, diversity, ecological roles and medical fields) in this genus.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glutinous rice is popularly consumed as a staple food, processed for the snack industry, and fermented for alcoholic beverages by people in the North and Northeast of Thailand. Cooking quality traits are an important factor used to select for consumption and utilization by farmers. The target outputs of future rice breeding programs should focus on developing rice varieties with superior grain quality, particularly in relation to their utilization. Therefore, this research aims to assess the morphological characteristics and cooking quality of four populations of Thai highland glutinous rice landraces: Pa Ai Khupe (PAKP4 and PAKP5) and Khao Hao (KH2 and KH5), comparing them to two elite varieties (RD4 and RD6). Additionally, it examines the partial nucleotide sequence of genes involved in amylopectin branch length, specifically SSII3, ISA3, and PUL3. The study illustrates that the four populations of glutinous rice landraces exhibit morphological variations between and within populations in plant type, and panicle exsertion. Variations in alkali spreading value, gel consistency, gelatinization temperature, amylose content, and seed elongation ratio were observed among and within the glutinous rice populations. PAKP5 and KH5 were classified as hard rice, similar to RD4. KH2 was classified as medium-hard texture after cooking, while PAKP4 was classified as soft rice after cooking, similar to RD6. The partial target sequences of the selected genes showed a similar nucleotide sequence among glutinous rice landraces. Therefore, further studies should focus on more nucleotide sequences of the selected genes and additional genes, as implications for marker-assisted selection in glutinous rice breeding programs. This study provides information to assist in breeding strategies for grain quality in Thai glutinous rice breeding programs.
{"title":"Characterization of Grain Quality Traits of Thai Highland Glutinous Rice Landraces","authors":"Siriluk Toosang, S. Jamjod, Tonapha Pusadee","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.007","url":null,"abstract":"Glutinous rice is popularly consumed as a staple food, processed for the snack industry, and fermented for alcoholic beverages by people in the North and Northeast of Thailand. Cooking quality traits are an important factor used to select for consumption and utilization by farmers. The target outputs of future rice breeding programs should focus on developing rice varieties with superior grain quality, particularly in relation to their utilization. Therefore, this research aims to assess the morphological characteristics and cooking quality of four populations of Thai highland glutinous rice landraces: Pa Ai Khupe (PAKP4 and PAKP5) and Khao Hao (KH2 and KH5), comparing them to two elite varieties (RD4 and RD6). Additionally, it examines the partial nucleotide sequence of genes involved in amylopectin branch length, specifically SSII3, ISA3, and PUL3. The study illustrates that the four populations of glutinous rice landraces exhibit morphological variations between and within populations in plant type, and panicle exsertion. Variations in alkali spreading value, gel consistency, gelatinization temperature, amylose content, and seed elongation ratio were observed among and within the glutinous rice populations. PAKP5 and KH5 were classified as hard rice, similar to RD4. KH2 was classified as medium-hard texture after cooking, while PAKP4 was classified as soft rice after cooking, similar to RD6. The partial target sequences of the selected genes showed a similar nucleotide sequence among glutinous rice landraces. Therefore, further studies should focus on more nucleotide sequences of the selected genes and additional genes, as implications for marker-assisted selection in glutinous rice breeding programs. This study provides information to assist in breeding strategies for grain quality in Thai glutinous rice breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effects of sodium nitrite, α-tocopherol and potassium sorbate on ion contents, biogenic amine (BA) and N-nitrosamine (NA) formations of Turkish type fermented sausage after storage were investigated based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM). In addition, relationships between ions, BAs and NAs were evaluated. Nitrite (NO2-) and ammonium (NH4+) ion amounts in all sausage samples were below limit of detection. The effects of factors are partially effective on the formation of nitrate (NO3-), BAs and NAs. There was a positive correlation between NO3- and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), and no correlation between other ions and BAs. The accumulations of tryptamine (TRP), tyramine (TyR) and spermidine (SPD) increased formations of NDEA, N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine (NDPA) and N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), respectively. It is concluded co-addition of sodium nitrite and potassium sorbate and/or α-tocopherol in fermented sausage production can significantly reduce amount of residual nitrite, thus inhibiting NAs.
基于响应面方法（RSM），研究了亚硝酸钠、α-生育酚和山梨酸钾对土耳其发酵香肠贮藏后离子含量、生物胺（BA）和 N-亚硝胺（NA）形成的影响。此外，还评估了离子、BA 和 NA 之间的关系。所有香肠样品中的亚硝酸盐（NO2-）和铵（NH4+）离子含量均低于检测限。各种因素对硝酸盐（NO3-）、BA 和 NA 的形成有部分影响。硝酸根（NO3-）与 N-亚硝基二乙胺（NDEA）呈正相关，而其他离子与 BAs 之间没有相关性。色胺（TRP）、酪胺（TyR）和亚精胺（SPD）的累积分别增加了 NDEA、N-亚硝基二正丙胺（NDPA）和 N-亚硝基吗啉（NMOR）的形成。结论是，在发酵香肠生产中同时添加亚硝酸钠和山梨酸钾和/或α-生育酚，可显著减少亚硝酸盐的残留量，从而抑制 NAs。
{"title":"Effects Of Sodium Nitrite, Potassium Sorbate And α-Tocopherol On Residual Nitrite, Formations Of Biogenic Amines And N-Nitrosamines In Turkish Dry Fermented Sausage (Sucuk)","authors":"Bıçakcı Gülsüme, Eren Ömer","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.006","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of sodium nitrite, α-tocopherol and potassium sorbate on ion contents, biogenic amine (BA) and N-nitrosamine (NA) formations of Turkish type fermented sausage after storage were investigated based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM). In addition, relationships between ions, BAs and NAs were evaluated. Nitrite (NO2-) and ammonium (NH4+) ion amounts in all sausage samples were below limit of detection. The effects of factors are partially effective on the formation of nitrate (NO3-), BAs and NAs. There was a positive correlation between NO3- and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), and no correlation between other ions and BAs. The accumulations of tryptamine (TRP), tyramine (TyR) and spermidine (SPD) increased formations of NDEA, N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine (NDPA) and N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR), respectively. It is concluded co-addition of sodium nitrite and potassium sorbate and/or α-tocopherol in fermented sausage production can significantly reduce amount of residual nitrite, thus inhibiting NAs.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coffee, a globally popular beverage, undergoes various processing methods such as natural (also known as dry process), washed (also known as wet processed), and honey (also known as pulped natural), impacting bean composition and beverage quality. Microorganisms, especially yeasts, play a crucial role in these processes. We investigated three yeasts’ effects on chemical profi les and antioxidant activity during coffee bean aging. Our fi ndings indicate signifi cant infl uences of processing method and yeast choice on antioxidant potential and physicochemical properties. Dry-processed beans demonstrated a heightened DPPH scavenging capacity, surpassing other processing methods by approximately 69.21%, while Saccharomycopsis fi buligera fermentation exhibited superior antioxidant activity, outperforming other yeasts by 69.42%. However, no signifi cant impact on SOD-like activity was observed. Coffee bean aging, not yeast or processing method, affected total phenolic content, while total fl avonoid content showed temporal variations. Quality and sensory evaluations suggest the potential for specialty-grade coffee. Coffee beans fermented by S. fi buligera using dry methods scored 83.31, while those fermented by Pichia kluyveri with wet methods scored 82.31 in SCAA evaluations. Our study emphasizes the role of specifi c yeasts in controlled fermentation for enhanced coffee sensory qualities.
咖啡是一种风靡全球的饮料，其加工方法多种多样，如天然加工（又称干法加工）、水洗加工（又称湿法加工）和蜜制加工（又称天然打浆），这些加工方法都会影响咖啡豆的成分和饮料的质量。微生物，尤其是酵母菌，在这些过程中起着至关重要的作用。我们研究了三种酵母菌对咖啡豆陈化过程中化学成分和抗氧化活性的影响。研究结果表明，加工方法和酵母的选择对抗氧化潜力和理化特性有显著影响。干法加工的咖啡豆具有更强的 DPPH 清除能力，比其他加工方法高出约 69.21%，而酵母菌发酵则表现出更高的抗氧化活性，比其他酵母高出 69.42%。但是，对 SOD 类活性没有明显影响。影响总酚含量的是咖啡豆的陈化，而不是酵母或加工方法，而总类黄酮含量则表现出时间上的变化。质量和感官评估结果表明，这种酵母具有生产特级咖啡的潜力。在 SCAA 评估中，用 S. fi buligera（干法）发酵的咖啡豆得分 83.31，而用 Pichia kluyveri（湿法）发酵的咖啡豆得分 82.31。我们的研究强调了特定酵母在控制发酵以提高咖啡感官品质中的作用。
{"title":"Eff ects of Selected Yeasts on the Chemical Profi les and Antioxidant Activity of Fermented Coff ee Beans during the Aging Process","authors":"Yi-Ting Chang, Pi-Hui Hsu, Mao-Che Chiu, Jui-Yu Chou","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.016","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee, a globally popular beverage, undergoes various processing methods such as natural (also known as dry process), washed (also known as wet processed), and honey (also known as pulped natural), impacting bean composition and beverage quality. Microorganisms, especially yeasts, play a crucial role in these processes. We investigated three yeasts’ effects on chemical profi les and antioxidant activity during coffee bean aging. Our fi ndings indicate signifi cant infl uences of processing method and yeast choice on antioxidant potential and physicochemical properties. Dry-processed beans demonstrated a heightened DPPH scavenging capacity, surpassing other processing methods by approximately 69.21%, while Saccharomycopsis fi buligera fermentation exhibited superior antioxidant activity, outperforming other yeasts by 69.42%. However, no signifi cant impact on SOD-like activity was observed. Coffee bean aging, not yeast or processing method, affected total phenolic content, while total fl avonoid content showed temporal variations. Quality and sensory evaluations suggest the potential for specialty-grade coffee. Coffee beans fermented by S. fi buligera using dry methods scored 83.31, while those fermented by Pichia kluyveri with wet methods scored 82.31 in SCAA evaluations. Our study emphasizes the role of specifi c yeasts in controlled fermentation for enhanced coffee sensory qualities.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T his study concentrates on the friction stir welding (FSW) joining of dissimilar AA6262 and AA5083 plates. Four input parameters, namely tool rotational speed (TRS), welding speed (WSP), tool tilt angle (TTA), and pin depth (PDP) are chosen to analyze the output responses of tensile strength (UTS), hardness (HBN), and wear rate (WTR) in welding. The primary objective is to optimize the variables of the FSW process for AA6262 and AA5083 alloys using a combination of Taguchi and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) methods, while also comprehending the correlations among process variables through the application of these two methods. Utilizing the Taguchi approach, L27 orthogonal array is constructed for conducting FSW experiments. After this, the multi-objective optimization challenge is streamlined into a single-objective optimization task by leveraging the grey relational degree. The significance and impact of the distinct variables are elucidated through the application of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Confirmation tests and predictive analysis are performed to validate the optimal variables, which are then compared against the acquired outcomes. The results highlight the welding speed as the paramount parameter, exerting substantial influence over the output responses of the welds in contrast to the other variables under examination. The application of the Grey-Taguchi methodology yields enhancements in Tensile Strength (245.23 MPa) and Hardness (99.2 Hv), while concurrently decreasing the Wear Rate (0.00456 m3/Nm). Furthermore, the Grey Relational Grade exhibits an advancement of 0.1312. These findings collectively signify an increased operational efficiency in the welding process, particularly for dissimilar alloys.
{"title":"Grey-Taguchi Approach for Optimizing FSW Parameters in Joining AA6262 and AA5083 Alloys","authors":"Jeyakrishnan Sundararaj, Movva Naga Swapna Sri, Anusha Peyyala, Vijayakumar Sivasundar","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.003","url":null,"abstract":"T his study concentrates on the friction stir welding (FSW) joining of dissimilar AA6262 and AA5083 plates. Four input parameters, namely tool rotational speed (TRS), welding speed (WSP), tool tilt angle (TTA), and pin depth (PDP) are chosen to analyze the output responses of tensile strength (UTS), hardness (HBN), and wear rate (WTR) in welding. The primary objective is to optimize the variables of the FSW process for AA6262 and AA5083 alloys using a combination of Taguchi and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) methods, while also comprehending the correlations among process variables through the application of these two methods. Utilizing the Taguchi approach, L27 orthogonal array is constructed for conducting FSW experiments. After this, the multi-objective optimization challenge is streamlined into a single-objective optimization task by leveraging the grey relational degree. The significance and impact of the distinct variables are elucidated through the application of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Confirmation tests and predictive analysis are performed to validate the optimal variables, which are then compared against the acquired outcomes. The results highlight the welding speed as the paramount parameter, exerting substantial influence over the output responses of the welds in contrast to the other variables under examination. The application of the Grey-Taguchi methodology yields enhancements in Tensile Strength (245.23 MPa) and Hardness (99.2 Hv), while concurrently decreasing the Wear Rate (0.00456 m3/Nm). Furthermore, the Grey Relational Grade exhibits an advancement of 0.1312. These findings collectively signify an increased operational efficiency in the welding process, particularly for dissimilar alloys.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Wan-Norafikah, N. Hasani, Abu Bakar Nabila, Ibrahim Najibah, Abdul Hadi Hazirah Nurjuani, Muhamad Masliana, Sharifah Aliah-Diyanah, Zakaria Alia-Yasmin, Ibrahim Yasmin-Zafi rah, Azhar Farah-Farhani, Abdul Hadi Azahari, Mazkamal Faiqah-Nadhirah, Mohd Shah Nurul-Azira
Dengue fever is a major public health concern, including more than 20,000 reported dengue cases annually in Malaysia. Aedes albopictus is the primary vector of chikungunya and secondary vector of dengue and Zika viruses. The susceptibility to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dieldrin, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, propoxur and bendiocarb of Ae. albopictus from four hot springs in Selangor, Malaysia was ascertained in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines. Threeto fi ve-day old female mosquitoes which were reared from eggs collected by ovitraps were exposed to discriminating dosages of insecticides for 1 hr recommended exposure period, and the 24 h mortality was recorded. The Kerling Hot spring (KERL) population was susceptible to six insecticides. All four fi eld populations were susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl 0.25% indicating it could be considered as a replacement insecticide for future vector control operations. Propoxur is the second in line as an alternative insecticide based on mortality > 80.0%. Nevertheless, it is necessary to confi rm their crossresistance to pyrethroids and other organophosphates before using them in rotation in the management of insecticide resistance.
{"title":"Insecticide Susceptibility Tests of Aedes albopictus Skuse in Geothermal Hot Springs, Malaysia","authors":"O. Wan-Norafikah, N. Hasani, Abu Bakar Nabila, Ibrahim Najibah, Abdul Hadi Hazirah Nurjuani, Muhamad Masliana, Sharifah Aliah-Diyanah, Zakaria Alia-Yasmin, Ibrahim Yasmin-Zafi rah, Azhar Farah-Farhani, Abdul Hadi Azahari, Mazkamal Faiqah-Nadhirah, Mohd Shah Nurul-Azira","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.011","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue fever is a major public health concern, including more than 20,000 reported dengue cases annually in Malaysia. Aedes albopictus is the primary vector of chikungunya and secondary vector of dengue and Zika viruses. The susceptibility to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dieldrin, fenitrothion, pirimiphos-methyl, propoxur and bendiocarb of Ae. albopictus from four hot springs in Selangor, Malaysia was ascertained in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines. Threeto fi ve-day old female mosquitoes which were reared from eggs collected by ovitraps were exposed to discriminating dosages of insecticides for 1 hr recommended exposure period, and the 24 h mortality was recorded. The Kerling Hot spring (KERL) population was susceptible to six insecticides. All four fi eld populations were susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl 0.25% indicating it could be considered as a replacement insecticide for future vector control operations. Propoxur is the second in line as an alternative insecticide based on mortality > 80.0%. Nevertheless, it is necessary to confi rm their crossresistance to pyrethroids and other organophosphates before using them in rotation in the management of insecticide resistance.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MIL-53(Al), a fl exible metal-organic framework, was synthesized by a facile method through a water-based method at room temperature, aligning with the principles of green chemistry. The objective was to investigate its effectiveness in removing pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), specifi cally focusing on oxytetracycline (OTC). Our fi ndings revealed that MIL-53(Al) possesses a structure with both micropores and mesopores, with a specifi c surface area of 916 m2/g. MIL-53(Al) notably exhibited a higher OTC adsorption capacity than commercially available powder activated carbon (PAC). The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, while the Langmuir model accurately described the experimental isotherms for OTC adsorption. MIL-53(Al) outperformed previously reported MOF-based adsorbents with a maximum of 1005 mg/g capacity at pH 7. The fl exible structure induces a breathing effect that signifi cantly improves intraparticle diffusion for OTC, contributing to its adsorption effi ciency. The adsorption of OTC was infl uenced by the solution pH, the acid dissociation constants of OTC, and the charged surface of the adsorbent. Pore fi lling, hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, electrostatic interaction, and hydrophobic interaction were all associated with the adsorptive interaction between OTC and MIL-53(Al). The MIL-53(Al) also demonstrated good regeneration and reuse, with just a little decreased adsorption capacity after three reuse cycles. These fi ndings indicate that green material MIL-53(Al) has the potential to be an effective adsorbent for removing OTC from water matrices
{"title":"Water-based Synthesis of MIL-53(Al) at Room Temperature: An Eff ective Adsorbent for Oxytetracycline (OTC) Antibiotic Removal from Water","authors":"P. Hongsawat, Phuri Kalnaowakul, P. Prarat","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.010","url":null,"abstract":"MIL-53(Al), a fl exible metal-organic framework, was synthesized by a facile method through a water-based method at room temperature, aligning with the principles of green chemistry. The objective was to investigate its effectiveness in removing pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), specifi cally focusing on oxytetracycline (OTC). Our fi ndings revealed that MIL-53(Al) possesses a structure with both micropores and mesopores, with a specifi c surface area of 916 m2/g. MIL-53(Al) notably exhibited a higher OTC adsorption capacity than commercially available powder activated carbon (PAC). The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, while the Langmuir model accurately described the experimental isotherms for OTC adsorption. MIL-53(Al) outperformed previously reported MOF-based adsorbents with a maximum of 1005 mg/g capacity at pH 7. The fl exible structure induces a breathing effect that signifi cantly improves intraparticle diffusion for OTC, contributing to its adsorption effi ciency. The adsorption of OTC was infl uenced by the solution pH, the acid dissociation constants of OTC, and the charged surface of the adsorbent. Pore fi lling, hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, electrostatic interaction, and hydrophobic interaction were all associated with the adsorptive interaction between OTC and MIL-53(Al). The MIL-53(Al) also demonstrated good regeneration and reuse, with just a little decreased adsorption capacity after three reuse cycles. These fi ndings indicate that green material MIL-53(Al) has the potential to be an effective adsorbent for removing OTC from water matrices","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T errestrial hot springs offer unique habitats for various bacteriophages, revealing potential reservoirs and a library for antibiotic-resistant and biofilm-removing bacteriophages. This study aimed to identify biofilm-removing bacteriophages as a potential method to eradicate antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Samples were collected from the Mae Chan Fault geothermal sites in Chiang Rai province, north of Thailand. Our bacteriophages, HSPT1 and HSPT2, effectively infect Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR1287, as measured by their plaque sizes (3.23 ± 0.26 mm) and (1.14 ± 0.18 mm), respectively. Thermostability analysis reveals that the optimal temperature for bacteriophage HSPT1 is between 20 and 60 oC, while for bacteriophage HSPT2, it is between 20 and 40 oC. Biofilm biomass was significantly reduced by the bacteriophages HSPT1 and HSPT2 treatments (1.42 ± 0.81 and 2.51 ± 0.71, respectively). The study reveals that hot spring bacteriophages effectively remove bacterial biofilms, proving their potential as a new treatment option for antibiotic-resistant bacteria in clinical and tourism settings. These bacteriophages, derived from hot springs, have effectively reduced biofilm-forming microorganisms and multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria.
{"title":"Isolation of Biofilm Removing Bacteriophages from the Hot Spring of Mae Chan Fault, Chiang Rai, Northern Thailand","authors":"Somboon Kamtaeja, Srinuan Niyom, Nanthanit Jaruseranee","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.009","url":null,"abstract":"T errestrial hot springs offer unique habitats for various bacteriophages, revealing potential reservoirs and a library for antibiotic-resistant and biofilm-removing bacteriophages. This study aimed to identify biofilm-removing bacteriophages as a potential method to eradicate antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Samples were collected from the Mae Chan Fault geothermal sites in Chiang Rai province, north of Thailand. Our bacteriophages, HSPT1 and HSPT2, effectively infect Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR1287, as measured by their plaque sizes (3.23 ± 0.26 mm) and (1.14 ± 0.18 mm), respectively. Thermostability analysis reveals that the optimal temperature for bacteriophage HSPT1 is between 20 and 60 oC, while for bacteriophage HSPT2, it is between 20 and 40 oC. Biofilm biomass was significantly reduced by the bacteriophages HSPT1 and HSPT2 treatments (1.42 ± 0.81 and 2.51 ± 0.71, respectively). The study reveals that hot spring bacteriophages effectively remove bacterial biofilms, proving their potential as a new treatment option for antibiotic-resistant bacteria in clinical and tourism settings. These bacteriophages, derived from hot springs, have effectively reduced biofilm-forming microorganisms and multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eleutherine bulbosa is a plant commonly employed in traditional medicine across various tropical regions, including Thailand. The aim of this study was to identify the phytochemical constituents of E. bulbosa, evaluate the inhibitory effects on skin fungal and bacterial pathogens, and examine the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties of extracts obtained from E. bulbosa bulbs through n-Hexane, EtOAc, and EtOH extraction methods. Agar diffusion, MIC, and MBC assays were employed to determine the fungistatic, bacteriostatic, and bactericidal activities. The EtOAc extract of E. bulbosa bulbs demonstrated the highest inhibition against fungal and bacterial strains when compared to other solvents. The results revealed that the EtOAc extract exhibited a potent anti-fungal effect on T. rubrum (the zones of inhibition = 35.00 ± 0.00 mm) comparable to Ketoconazole (the zones of inhibition = 34.33 ± 1.16 mm). The highest antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes was observed, with a zone diameter of 23.00 ± 1.00 mm, while the lowest MIC and MBC values were recorded at 19.53 and 78.12 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, we demonstrated significant inhibitory properties of E. bulbosa bulbs extracted with n-Hexane on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells compared to other solvent extracts. This occurred without affecting cell viability across a concentration range of 6.25 to 25 μg/ml. Moreover, the less affected viability of fibroblasts suggests that the extract may be useful in preventing inflammatory diseases mediated by excessive production of NO with low toxicity to normal cells. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of various compounds with biological activities including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins in all different solvent extracts. These findings suggest that E. bulbosa bulb extracts possess beneficial effects and hold potential for further development as a new natural source of multifunctional therapeutic agents, which are safe and effective for a broad spectrum of skin infectious microorganisms and also potentially reduce inflammation that is associated with an infection caused by microorganisms.
榄香根（Eleutherine bulbosa）是包括泰国在内的多个热带地区传统医学中常用的一种植物。本研究的目的是鉴定鳞茎榄香素的植物化学成分，评估其对皮肤真菌和细菌病原体的抑制作用，并研究通过正己烷、EtOAc 和 EtOH 萃取方法从鳞茎榄香素提取物中获得的抗炎和细胞毒性特性。采用琼脂扩散、MIC 和 MBC 试验来确定其杀菌、抑菌和杀菌活性。与其他溶剂相比，EtOAc 提取物对真菌和细菌菌株的抑制率最高。结果显示，EtOAc 提取物对 T. rubrum 的抗真菌效果（抑制区 = 35.00 ± 0.00 mm）与酮康唑（抑制区 = 34.33 ± 1.16 mm）相当。对化脓性链球菌的抗菌活性最高，抑菌区直径为 23.00 ± 1.00 mm，最低 MIC 值和 MBC 值分别为 19.53 和 78.12 μg/ml。此外，与其他溶剂提取物相比，我们发现用正己烷提取的鳞茎叶对 LPS 刺激的 RAW 264.7 细胞产生的 NO 有明显的抑制作用。在 6.25 至 25 μg/ml 的浓度范围内，这不会影响细胞的活力。此外，成纤维细胞的活力受到的影响较小，这表明该提取物对正常细胞的毒性较低，可用于预防因过量产生 NO 而引发的炎症性疾病。植物化学筛选表明，在所有不同的溶剂提取物中都存在多种具有生物活性的化合物，包括生物碱、黄酮类、酚类和单宁酸。这些研究结果表明，E. bulbosa 鳞茎萃取物具有有益的作用，有望进一步发展成为多功能治疗剂的新天然来源，对多种皮肤感染微生物安全有效，还能减轻微生物感染引起的炎症。
{"title":"Phytochemical Constituents and Potential of Different Extracts from Eleutherine bulbosa on Skin Infectious Treatment : Anti-fungal, Anti-bacterial, Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activities","authors":"Wannisa Raksamat, I. Kimkong","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2024.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.002","url":null,"abstract":"Eleutherine bulbosa is a plant commonly employed in traditional medicine across various tropical regions, including Thailand. The aim of this study was to identify the phytochemical constituents of E. bulbosa, evaluate the inhibitory effects on skin fungal and bacterial pathogens, and examine the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties of extracts obtained from E. bulbosa bulbs through n-Hexane, EtOAc, and EtOH extraction methods. Agar diffusion, MIC, and MBC assays were employed to determine the fungistatic, bacteriostatic, and bactericidal activities. The EtOAc extract of E. bulbosa bulbs demonstrated the highest inhibition against fungal and bacterial strains when compared to other solvents. The results revealed that the EtOAc extract exhibited a potent anti-fungal effect on T. rubrum (the zones of inhibition = 35.00 ± 0.00 mm) comparable to Ketoconazole (the zones of inhibition = 34.33 ± 1.16 mm). The highest antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes was observed, with a zone diameter of 23.00 ± 1.00 mm, while the lowest MIC and MBC values were recorded at 19.53 and 78.12 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, we demonstrated significant inhibitory properties of E. bulbosa bulbs extracted with n-Hexane on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells compared to other solvent extracts. This occurred without affecting cell viability across a concentration range of 6.25 to 25 μg/ml. Moreover, the less affected viability of fibroblasts suggests that the extract may be useful in preventing inflammatory diseases mediated by excessive production of NO with low toxicity to normal cells. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of various compounds with biological activities including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins in all different solvent extracts. These findings suggest that E. bulbosa bulb extracts possess beneficial effects and hold potential for further development as a new natural source of multifunctional therapeutic agents, which are safe and effective for a broad spectrum of skin infectious microorganisms and also potentially reduce inflammation that is associated with an infection caused by microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139590806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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