Jian Liu, Jingwen Rong, Xiaoli Ji, Boyang Chen, Yuan Wang
T o solve the problems of low compressive strength and unstable sealing capability of traditional hole sealing materials in the early stage of underground coal mines, a new cement-based sealing material was developed in this study by mixing ordinary Portland cement with nanomaterial, water-soluble polymer and lithium salt as additives. The early strength and the microstructure evolution of the as-prepared cement material were investigated with uniaxial compression test, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the ternary composite material (nano silicon carbide, polyvinyl alcohol and lithium sulfate) can effectively improve the early strength of cement. The 1-day compressive strength increased from 8.56 to 14.21 MPa, pointing out an improvement rate of 66.00%. It can be seen from the SEM images that a large number of fibrous C-S-H crystals and rod-shaped AFt crystals formed in the ternary composite cement sample. The nanosized silicon carbide (SiC) can accelerate the generation of hydration products through forming nucleation sites. As a dispersing agent polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can effectively prevent the agglomeration of SiC nanoparticles and the formation of cement particle flocculation structure. On the other hand, the lithium cations and the sulfate anions of lithium sulfate could penetrate the hydration film structure and react with the hydration product Ca(OH)2, respectively, which promotes the hydration reaction. The promotion effect of the ternary composite material on the formation of hydration products results in a clearly improved early strength of the new cement-based sealing material.
为解决煤矿井下早期传统封孔材料抗压强度低、封孔能力不稳定等问题，本研究以纳米材料、水溶性聚合物和锂盐为添加剂，掺入普通硅酸盐水泥，研制了一种新型水泥基封孔材料。通过单轴压缩试验、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热重分析和 X 射线衍射（XRD）对制备的水泥材料的早期强度和微观结构演变进行了研究。结果表明，三元复合材料（纳米碳化硅、聚乙烯醇和硫酸锂）能有效提高水泥的早期强度。1 天抗压强度从 8.56 兆帕提高到 14.21 兆帕，提高率达 66.00%。从扫描电镜图像可以看出，三元复合水泥样品中形成了大量纤维状的 C-S-H 晶体和棒状的 AFt 晶体。纳米碳化硅（SiC）可通过形成成核点加速水化产物的生成。作为分散剂的聚乙烯醇（PVA）可有效防止 SiC 纳米颗粒的团聚和水泥颗粒絮凝结构的形成。另一方面，硫酸锂中的锂阳离子和硫酸根阴离子可渗透水化膜结构，分别与水化产物 Ca(OH)2 发生反应，从而促进水化反应。三元复合材料对水化产物形成的促进作用使新型水泥基密封材料的早期强度明显提高。
{"title":"Synergetic Effect Of Ternary Mixture Of Nano Silicon Carbide-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Lithium Sulfate On Early Strength Of Cement","authors":"Jian Liu, Jingwen Rong, Xiaoli Ji, Boyang Chen, Yuan Wang","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.065","url":null,"abstract":"T o solve the problems of low compressive strength and unstable sealing capability of traditional hole sealing materials in the early stage of underground coal mines, a new cement-based sealing material was developed in this study by mixing ordinary Portland cement with nanomaterial, water-soluble polymer and lithium salt as additives. The early strength and the microstructure evolution of the as-prepared cement material were investigated with uniaxial compression test, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the ternary composite material (nano silicon carbide, polyvinyl alcohol and lithium sulfate) can effectively improve the early strength of cement. The 1-day compressive strength increased from 8.56 to 14.21 MPa, pointing out an improvement rate of 66.00%. It can be seen from the SEM images that a large number of fibrous C-S-H crystals and rod-shaped AFt crystals formed in the ternary composite cement sample. The nanosized silicon carbide (SiC) can accelerate the generation of hydration products through forming nucleation sites. As a dispersing agent polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) can effectively prevent the agglomeration of SiC nanoparticles and the formation of cement particle flocculation structure. On the other hand, the lithium cations and the sulfate anions of lithium sulfate could penetrate the hydration film structure and react with the hydration product Ca(OH)2, respectively, which promotes the hydration reaction. The promotion effect of the ternary composite material on the formation of hydration products results in a clearly improved early strength of the new cement-based sealing material.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139204419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Chungsiriporn, Prukraya Pongyeela, Nirana Chairerk, Jutarut Iewkittayakorn, Wiriya Duangsuwan
Dr ying is an essential process for preserving agricultural products. Most natural biological compounds are sensitive and easily degraded under drying conditions. This study investigated the effects of drying temperature (40, 50, 60, and 70°C), air velocity (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 m/s), and feed amount (0.60, 0.80, 1.00, and 1.30 kg/m2) on the moisture ratio, drying rate, mitragynine (MG) content, and specific energy consumption (SEC) of kratom leaves. The results showed that temperature, air velocity, and the quantity of kratom leaves significantly affected the drying process. The drying kinetics of kratom leaves were best explained by the Midilli-Kucuk model. The R2, reduced χ2, SSE, and RMSE values of the Midilli-Kucuk model under hot air drying varied from 0.9965 to 0.9993, 0.000075 to 0.000358, 0.001124 to 0.007869, and 0.007692 to 0.01740, respectively, for kratom leaves dried at 40, 50, 60, and 70°C. The MG content of dried kratom leaves at 40°C was the highest at 10.10 mg/g. The lowest SEC values, which corresponded to the highest amount of MG in the dried leaves, were achieved at a drying temperature of 40°C, an air velocity of 0.2 m/s, and a kratom leaves feed amount of 0.60 kg/m2.
{"title":"Drying Characteristics and Mitragynine Content of Kratom Leaves","authors":"J. Chungsiriporn, Prukraya Pongyeela, Nirana Chairerk, Jutarut Iewkittayakorn, Wiriya Duangsuwan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.059","url":null,"abstract":"Dr ying is an essential process for preserving agricultural products. Most natural biological compounds are sensitive and easily degraded under drying conditions. This study investigated the effects of drying temperature (40, 50, 60, and 70°C), air velocity (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 m/s), and feed amount (0.60, 0.80, 1.00, and 1.30 kg/m2) on the moisture ratio, drying rate, mitragynine (MG) content, and specific energy consumption (SEC) of kratom leaves. The results showed that temperature, air velocity, and the quantity of kratom leaves significantly affected the drying process. The drying kinetics of kratom leaves were best explained by the Midilli-Kucuk model. The R2, reduced χ2, SSE, and RMSE values of the Midilli-Kucuk model under hot air drying varied from 0.9965 to 0.9993, 0.000075 to 0.000358, 0.001124 to 0.007869, and 0.007692 to 0.01740, respectively, for kratom leaves dried at 40, 50, 60, and 70°C. The MG content of dried kratom leaves at 40°C was the highest at 10.10 mg/g. The lowest SEC values, which corresponded to the highest amount of MG in the dried leaves, were achieved at a drying temperature of 40°C, an air velocity of 0.2 m/s, and a kratom leaves feed amount of 0.60 kg/m2.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139196797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phukjira Chan-in, Benjamaporn Wangkaew, Nattawat Anankul, Yuenyad Teerawatsakul, V. Thiyagaraja, N. Tamakaew, P. Withee, S. Haituk, R. Cheewangkoon, Tonapha Pusadee
Gumm y stem blight (GSB) caused by Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum is the most destructive fungal disease affecting cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production. In Thailand, cucumber is one of the most popularly marketed vegetables and the cultivation of cucumbers or Cucurbitaceae often face impact epidemics and insect infestation. Furthermore, global climatic or climate change affects crop production too, which increases the frequency and severity of disease and pest outbreaks. Silicon (Si) enhances plant resistance against insect pests and fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases although Si is not the only beneficial element for plants but also it does play an important role in improving plant health and increasing resistance against pests and diseases. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Si-application at two levels i.e., 50 ppm, and 100 ppm on yield, yield components, aroma, Si-concentration and disease response of cucumber under greenhouse condition in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Results, when compared with control, depicted that the highest fruit weight, marketable yield, fruit length, fruit width, and pith length were found under 50 ppm Si. Moreover, higher Si-levels resulted in increased aroma in rind (exocarp) and increased percentage of Si-concentrations in rind (exocarp), leaves, and shoot. Further in this research, the response of Gummy stem blight disease (GSB) in cucumber was also investigated the response of. The taxonomic identification of Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum was confirmed based on the evidence from morpho-molecular analyses and the pathogenicity test was performed to confirm its potential pathogenicity. The results showed that the varying treatments of Si affects the disease development. The 50 ppm Si caused the lowest disease response on cucumber fruits. This study can be used as a guideline for modifying Si-fertilizer application inputs to plants to increase disease resistance and fruit quality.
由 Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum 引起的茎枯病（GSB）是影响黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L. ）生产的最具破坏性的真菌病害。在泰国，黄瓜是最畅销的蔬菜之一，黄瓜或葫芦科植物的种植经常面临流行病和虫害的影响。此外，全球气候或气候变化也会影响作物生产，增加病虫害爆发的频率和严重程度。硅（Si）能增强植物对害虫、真菌、细菌和病毒性疾病的抵抗力，虽然硅不是唯一对植物有益的元素，但它在改善植物健康和增强对病虫害的抵抗力方面也发挥着重要作用。因此，本研究旨在通过 4 次重复的随机完全区组设计，研究在两个水平（即 50 ppm 和 100 ppm）施用硅对温室条件下黄瓜产量、产量成分、香气、硅浓度和病害反应的影响。结果表明，与对照相比，50 ppm Si 的果重、上市产量、果长、果宽和髓长最高。此外，Si 含量越高，果皮（外果皮）的香气越浓，果皮（外果皮）、叶片和嫩枝中的 Si 浓度百分比也越高。此外，该研究还调查了黄瓜茎枯病（GSB）的反应。根据形态-分子分析的证据，确认了葫芦拟囊孢菌的分类鉴定，并进行了致病性试验，以确认其潜在的致病性。结果表明，不同处理的 Si 会影响病害的发展。50 ppm Si 对黄瓜果实的病害反应最小。这项研究可作为调整植物施硅肥投入量的指南，以提高抗病性和果实品质。
{"title":"Effect of Silicon on the Fruit Quality and Disease Response to Gummy Stem Blight in Cucumber","authors":"Phukjira Chan-in, Benjamaporn Wangkaew, Nattawat Anankul, Yuenyad Teerawatsakul, V. Thiyagaraja, N. Tamakaew, P. Withee, S. Haituk, R. Cheewangkoon, Tonapha Pusadee","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.073","url":null,"abstract":"Gumm y stem blight (GSB) caused by Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum is the most destructive fungal disease affecting cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production. In Thailand, cucumber is one of the most popularly marketed vegetables and the cultivation of cucumbers or Cucurbitaceae often face impact epidemics and insect infestation. Furthermore, global climatic or climate change affects crop production too, which increases the frequency and severity of disease and pest outbreaks. Silicon (Si) enhances plant resistance against insect pests and fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases although Si is not the only beneficial element for plants but also it does play an important role in improving plant health and increasing resistance against pests and diseases. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Si-application at two levels i.e., 50 ppm, and 100 ppm on yield, yield components, aroma, Si-concentration and disease response of cucumber under greenhouse condition in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Results, when compared with control, depicted that the highest fruit weight, marketable yield, fruit length, fruit width, and pith length were found under 50 ppm Si. Moreover, higher Si-levels resulted in increased aroma in rind (exocarp) and increased percentage of Si-concentrations in rind (exocarp), leaves, and shoot. Further in this research, the response of Gummy stem blight disease (GSB) in cucumber was also investigated the response of. The taxonomic identification of Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum was confirmed based on the evidence from morpho-molecular analyses and the pathogenicity test was performed to confirm its potential pathogenicity. The results showed that the varying treatments of Si affects the disease development. The 50 ppm Si caused the lowest disease response on cucumber fruits. This study can be used as a guideline for modifying Si-fertilizer application inputs to plants to increase disease resistance and fruit quality.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139201344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tungsten as key metal in various fields is indispensable metal resource for global economy. Sustainable exploitation of tungsten resources is still challenging. This work makes attempt to solve the difficulty in flotation separation of tungsten minerals from Yaogangxian tungsten ore. Systematical analysis of mineralogical properties of tungsten ore was performed. A process for tungsten flotation from tungsten ore was developed for exploitation of tungsten resources. The major valuable element in the ore is tungsten, and the grade of tungsten is 0.22%. The distribution of scheelite is nonuniform, and it is majorly distributed in 0.02~0.32 mm. The intergrowth and inclusion of scheelite occur with other minerals such as calcite, diopside, grossularite, and fluorite. The liberation of scheelite reaches 92.40% for -0.074 mm accounting for 75.48%. Process factors including Na2CO3, flotation collector, modified sodium silicate solution, and lead nitrate are studied, and the optimized conditions are Na2CO3 1600 g/t, GY-107 (640 g/t for roughing and 240 g/t for scavenging), modified sodium silicate solution 4200 g/t, and lead nitrate 400 g/t. The open-circuit and closed-circuit flotation processes for tungsten separation are designed, and it is verified for effective separation of tungsten minerals. For the closed-circuit flotation, the grade of tungsten concentrate is 7.30%, while the recovery reaches 85.89%. This work provides technical insights into tungsten separation from tungsten ore.
{"title":"A Novel Process of Tungsten Flotation for Sustainable Exploitation of Tungsten Resources","authors":"Yunbo Luo, Faming Zhang","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.056","url":null,"abstract":"Tungsten as key metal in various fields is indispensable metal resource for global economy. Sustainable exploitation of tungsten resources is still challenging. This work makes attempt to solve the difficulty in flotation separation of tungsten minerals from Yaogangxian tungsten ore. Systematical analysis of mineralogical properties of tungsten ore was performed. A process for tungsten flotation from tungsten ore was developed for exploitation of tungsten resources. The major valuable element in the ore is tungsten, and the grade of tungsten is 0.22%. The distribution of scheelite is nonuniform, and it is majorly distributed in 0.02~0.32 mm. The intergrowth and inclusion of scheelite occur with other minerals such as calcite, diopside, grossularite, and fluorite. The liberation of scheelite reaches 92.40% for -0.074 mm accounting for 75.48%. Process factors including Na2CO3, flotation collector, modified sodium silicate solution, and lead nitrate are studied, and the optimized conditions are Na2CO3 1600 g/t, GY-107 (640 g/t for roughing and 240 g/t for scavenging), modified sodium silicate solution 4200 g/t, and lead nitrate 400 g/t. The open-circuit and closed-circuit flotation processes for tungsten separation are designed, and it is verified for effective separation of tungsten minerals. For the closed-circuit flotation, the grade of tungsten concentrate is 7.30%, while the recovery reaches 85.89%. This work provides technical insights into tungsten separation from tungsten ore.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
De- oiled rice bran (DRB) is a by-product generated in a large amount from oil extraction processing. The DRB contains a high content of protein and is rich in phenolic components. Phenolic compounds were noticed to exhibit inhibitory activity against protease to some extent in protein hydrolysate production from rice bran. Therefore, this investigation aims to study the factors effecting the extraction of phenolic compounds from DRB and the inhibitory activities of the extracted phenolics against commercial proteases. The aqueous extraction process was employed for extraction of phenolic compounds from DRB. Three extraction factors, including time (30-180 min), temperature (60-80 °C), and pH level (2-10) were used using completely randomized design (CRD). Total phenolic content (TPC) and profiles, total flavonoids content (TFC), and antioxidant activities of all extracts were analyzed. Additionally, the commercial proteases (G6 and GN) inhibitory activities of phenolic extracts were determined. The optimum extraction time, temperature and pH that providing highest total phenolic content, flavonoid content antioxidant activities and protease inhibitory activities were observed at 150 min, 70°C and pH 10, respectively. TPC and TFC values were in the ranges of 2.50 to 5.76 mg GAE/g rice bran and 1.79 to 4.42 mg RTE/g rice bran, respectively. DPPH, ABTS and FRAP values were in the ranges of 0.44 to 0.82 mg GAE/g rice bran, 2.56 to 5.14 mg TE/g rice bran, and 4.40 to 8.10 mg TE/g rice bran, respectively. The main phenolic acids were ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, sinapic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The protease inhibitory activity of the DRB extract was 42% on protease G6 and 71% on protease GN. This result suggests that the phenolics and flavonoids from rice bran could exhibit protease inhibitory activities to some extent and these compounds might affect the hydrolysis process of protein during protein hydrolysate production.
{"title":"Effects of Aqueous Extraction Factors on Commercial Protease Inhibitory Activities, Phenolic Acid Profiles and Chemical Properties of Hom Mali-105 Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Bran Extract","authors":"Worachai Wongwatcharayothin, Supawan Thawornchinsombut, Akkasit Jongjareonrak","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.054","url":null,"abstract":"De- oiled rice bran (DRB) is a by-product generated in a large amount from oil extraction processing. The DRB contains a high content of protein and is rich in phenolic components. Phenolic compounds were noticed to exhibit inhibitory activity against protease to some extent in protein hydrolysate production from rice bran. Therefore, this investigation aims to study the factors effecting the extraction of phenolic compounds from DRB and the inhibitory activities of the extracted phenolics against commercial proteases. The aqueous extraction process was employed for extraction of phenolic compounds from DRB. Three extraction factors, including time (30-180 min), temperature (60-80 °C), and pH level (2-10) were used using completely randomized design (CRD). Total phenolic content (TPC) and profiles, total flavonoids content (TFC), and antioxidant activities of all extracts were analyzed. Additionally, the commercial proteases (G6 and GN) inhibitory activities of phenolic extracts were determined. The optimum extraction time, temperature and pH that providing highest total phenolic content, flavonoid content antioxidant activities and protease inhibitory activities were observed at 150 min, 70°C and pH 10, respectively. TPC and TFC values were in the ranges of 2.50 to 5.76 mg GAE/g rice bran and 1.79 to 4.42 mg RTE/g rice bran, respectively. DPPH, ABTS and FRAP values were in the ranges of 0.44 to 0.82 mg GAE/g rice bran, 2.56 to 5.14 mg TE/g rice bran, and 4.40 to 8.10 mg TE/g rice bran, respectively. The main phenolic acids were ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, sinapic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The protease inhibitory activity of the DRB extract was 42% on protease G6 and 71% on protease GN. This result suggests that the phenolics and flavonoids from rice bran could exhibit protease inhibitory activities to some extent and these compounds might affect the hydrolysis process of protein during protein hydrolysate production.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apichaya Jakkoksung, Korrawat Attasopa, Chun-I Chiu, Y. Chanbang
The symptoms of “shot hole leaves” and “excess bud growth” in Arabica coffee have signifi cantly increased in northern Thailand since 2017, resulting in the death of shoots and reduced fl owering, ultimately leading to yield loss. This study investigates whether the “shot hole leaves” symptom is caused by the tea mosquito bug (Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) by rearing tea mosquito bugs with coffee and reproducing the same symptoms under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, we examine whether the “shot hole leaves” symptom is associated with the “excess bud growth” symptom in the fi eld. Our results show that H. theivora can complete their life cycle on Arabica coffee trees. Female bugs lay an average of 87.60±41.82 eggs underneath the soft tissue near young leaves on coffee branches, with a hatching rate of 73.97±6.69%, and an average incubation period of 8.20±0.97 days. The longevity of the fi rst to fi fth nymphal stages was 4.02±1.58, 3.36±0.93, 3.27±0.74, 3.23±0.96, and 3.83±1.18 days, respectively. The adult bugs had a lifespan ranging from 2 to 24 days, with an average of 11.61±7.89 days. The “shot hole leaves” symptom appear approximately 14 days after H. theivora begin feeding on young coffee shoots. We found that the bud number is signifi cantly higher on twigs with the symptom, indicating that both symptoms are caused by H. theivora. The study concludes by discussing control practices of H. theivora on coffee trees.
{"title":"Life Cycle and Damage Patterns of Tea Mosquito Bug (Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse), a Newly Recorded Pest on Arabica coff ee in Northern Thailand","authors":"Apichaya Jakkoksung, Korrawat Attasopa, Chun-I Chiu, Y. Chanbang","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.047","url":null,"abstract":"The symptoms of “shot hole leaves” and “excess bud growth” in Arabica coffee have signifi cantly increased in northern Thailand since 2017, resulting in the death of shoots and reduced fl owering, ultimately leading to yield loss. This study investigates whether the “shot hole leaves” symptom is caused by the tea mosquito bug (Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) by rearing tea mosquito bugs with coffee and reproducing the same symptoms under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, we examine whether the “shot hole leaves” symptom is associated with the “excess bud growth” symptom in the fi eld. Our results show that H. theivora can complete their life cycle on Arabica coffee trees. Female bugs lay an average of 87.60±41.82 eggs underneath the soft tissue near young leaves on coffee branches, with a hatching rate of 73.97±6.69%, and an average incubation period of 8.20±0.97 days. The longevity of the fi rst to fi fth nymphal stages was 4.02±1.58, 3.36±0.93, 3.27±0.74, 3.23±0.96, and 3.83±1.18 days, respectively. The adult bugs had a lifespan ranging from 2 to 24 days, with an average of 11.61±7.89 days. The “shot hole leaves” symptom appear approximately 14 days after H. theivora begin feeding on young coffee shoots. We found that the bud number is signifi cantly higher on twigs with the symptom, indicating that both symptoms are caused by H. theivora. The study concludes by discussing control practices of H. theivora on coffee trees.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85414161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanokwan Jitpimai, L. Ngiwsara, Weeranuch Lang, Thanawan Panichpat, Ratchanee Mingma, Jisnuson Svasti, J. Wongchawalit
Mucuna pruriens L. DC. Var. utilis (velvet bean), a medicinal Indian plant that has been longterm applied for the treatment of some neurological disorders including Parkinson’s disease. This plant is rich in phytochemical compounds and considered to provide more pharmaceutical medication but those details especially for the velvet bean seeds of the Thai cultivar are still unclear. In this study, the velvet bean seeds extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities towards three human cancer cell lines. The extractions were performed by ethanol 70% (EVBS70) and 95% (EVBS95), methanol with 70% (MVBS70) and 95% (MVBS95) and hydrochloric acid (HVBS). The quantitative analysis revealed that the highest total phenolic compounds were obtained in MVBS70 with 1,186.37 mg/g gallic acid equivalent. Levodopa (L-Dopa), a major phytochemical in Mucuna seed, was found in EVBS70, MVBS70, MVBS95 and HVBS but not in EVBS95. Since the extraction by EVBS95 appeared an oil-liked substance (EVBS95oil), four fatty acids including palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid were detected by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The fractions of EVBS70, EVBS95, and MVBS95 exhibited an antibacterial activity for Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi. Furthermore, the radical scavenging assay using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl as a free radical demonstrated that all extracts presented a higher activity against DPPH than that of the commercially available as L-Dopa, gallic acid, quercetin and catechin. Additionally, all extracts exhibited a dosedependent cytotoxic effect towards A549, HepG2 and SW480 cell lines, while EVBS70 showed the most potent cytotoxic effect. All extracts except HVBS showed the greatest effect on SW480 with IC50 values ranging from 105-205 μg/ml. This study provides additional effects of the alcoholic extracts on various pharmaceutical activities, in which velvet bean in Thailand is a promising economic plant for medical applications and industrial purposes.
Mucuna pruriens L. DC。鹿茸豆，一种药用印度植物，长期用于治疗包括帕金森病在内的一些神经系统疾病。这种植物富含植物化学化合物，被认为可以提供更多的药物治疗，但这些细节，特别是泰国品种的丝绒豆种子，目前还不清楚。本研究对丝绒豆种子提取物对三种人类癌细胞的抑菌、抗氧化和细胞毒活性进行了研究。采用70%乙醇(EVBS70)和95%乙醇(EVBS95)、70%甲醇(MVBS70)和95%甲醇(MVBS95)和盐酸(HVBS)进行提取。定量分析表明，MVBS70中总酚类化合物含量最高，其没食子酸当量为1186.37 mg/g。在EVBS70、MVBS70、MVBS95和HVBS中均发现左旋多巴(L-Dopa)，而在EVBS95中未发现。由于EVBS95提取液中出现油状物质(EVBS95油)，采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术检测了棕榈酸、亚油酸、油酸和硬脂酸4种脂肪酸。EVBS70、EVBS95和MVBS95对蜡样芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和伤寒沙门氏菌均有抑菌活性。此外，以1,1-二苯基-2-苦酰肼为自由基的自由基清除实验表明，所有提取物对DPPH的活性都高于市售的左旋多巴、没食子酸、槲皮素和儿茶素。此外，所有提取物对A549、HepG2和SW480细胞系均表现出剂量依赖性的细胞毒作用，其中EVBS70的细胞毒作用最强。除HVBS外，其余提取物对SW480的IC50值均在105 ~ 205 μg/ml之间。本研究提供了酒精提取物对各种药物活性的额外影响，其中泰国丝绒豆是一种有前景的药用和工业用途的经济植物。
{"title":"Evaluation of Alcoholic Extracts of Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. Var. utilis for Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities toward Human Cancer Cell Lines","authors":"Kanokwan Jitpimai, L. Ngiwsara, Weeranuch Lang, Thanawan Panichpat, Ratchanee Mingma, Jisnuson Svasti, J. Wongchawalit","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.045","url":null,"abstract":"Mucuna pruriens L. DC. Var. utilis (velvet bean), a medicinal Indian plant that has been longterm applied for the treatment of some neurological disorders including Parkinson’s disease. This plant is rich in phytochemical compounds and considered to provide more pharmaceutical medication but those details especially for the velvet bean seeds of the Thai cultivar are still unclear. In this study, the velvet bean seeds extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities towards three human cancer cell lines. The extractions were performed by ethanol 70% (EVBS70) and 95% (EVBS95), methanol with 70% (MVBS70) and 95% (MVBS95) and hydrochloric acid (HVBS). The quantitative analysis revealed that the highest total phenolic compounds were obtained in MVBS70 with 1,186.37 mg/g gallic acid equivalent. Levodopa (L-Dopa), a major phytochemical in Mucuna seed, was found in EVBS70, MVBS70, MVBS95 and HVBS but not in EVBS95. Since the extraction by EVBS95 appeared an oil-liked substance (EVBS95oil), four fatty acids including palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid were detected by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The fractions of EVBS70, EVBS95, and MVBS95 exhibited an antibacterial activity for Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi. Furthermore, the radical scavenging assay using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl as a free radical demonstrated that all extracts presented a higher activity against DPPH than that of the commercially available as L-Dopa, gallic acid, quercetin and catechin. Additionally, all extracts exhibited a dosedependent cytotoxic effect towards A549, HepG2 and SW480 cell lines, while EVBS70 showed the most potent cytotoxic effect. All extracts except HVBS showed the greatest effect on SW480 with IC50 values ranging from 105-205 μg/ml. This study provides additional effects of the alcoholic extracts on various pharmaceutical activities, in which velvet bean in Thailand is a promising economic plant for medical applications and industrial purposes.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88360280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammd Amine Meraou, Fatimah Alshahrani, I. Almanjahie, M. Attouch
In the real world, many applications require enhanced variants of well-known distributions. The new distributions are generally more adaptable for simulating real-world data with high skewness and kurtosis. Choosing the best statistical distribution for modeling data is very important and demanding. In this paper, we provide a new fl exible model for modeling lifetime data that is achieved by adding a component to baseline distributions. The new model has three parameters, known as the exponential T-X Gompertz distribution. Its probability density function could be skewed and unimodal. Reliability, hazard rate, quantile, and the moment generating function are just a few of the distributional properties that can be inferred from the suggested model. To estimate the unknown parameters, maximum likelihood estimation is utilized. In addition, Monte Carlo simulation experiments are performed to evaluate the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators. Finally, two real-world data sets are shown to evaluate the proposed model’s potential with that of various existing models.
{"title":"The Exponential T-X Gompertz Model for Modeling Real Lifetime Data: Properties and Estimation","authors":"Mohammd Amine Meraou, Fatimah Alshahrani, I. Almanjahie, M. Attouch","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.048","url":null,"abstract":"In the real world, many applications require enhanced variants of well-known distributions. The new distributions are generally more adaptable for simulating real-world data with high skewness and kurtosis. Choosing the best statistical distribution for modeling data is very important and demanding. In this paper, we provide a new fl exible model for modeling lifetime data that is achieved by adding a component to baseline distributions. The new model has three parameters, known as the exponential T-X Gompertz distribution. Its probability density function could be skewed and unimodal. Reliability, hazard rate, quantile, and the moment generating function are just a few of the distributional properties that can be inferred from the suggested model. To estimate the unknown parameters, maximum likelihood estimation is utilized. In addition, Monte Carlo simulation experiments are performed to evaluate the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators. Finally, two real-world data sets are shown to evaluate the proposed model’s potential with that of various existing models.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86007881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized under different pH and reaction time using the Garcinia cowa aqueous leaf extract. The formation, crystal structure and morphology of synthesized AgNPs were investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The UV-Vis result indicated that the AgNPs were synthesized using Garcinia cowa aqueous leaf extract at all pH conditions within 10 min. The synthesis of AgNPs was signifi cantly affected by pH condition which was shown by the TEM micrographs. The particle sizes of AgNPs were in a nano-sized range; 6.30 ± 3.52 nm for pH 4, 3.87 ± 2.51 nm for pH 7 and 13.97 ± 11.84 nm for pH 10. Furthermore, the AgNPs prepared in pH 4, pH 7 and pH 10 (120 min reaction time) at different concentrations were assessed for their antifungal activity against durian dieback pathogen. It was found that the 800 mL/L of AgNPs prepared at pH 7, the smallest particle size and good dispersion, showed the highest inhibition mycelial growth at 47.33%, whereas the larger nanoparticles prepared at pH 4 and pH 10 conditions showed lower inhibition of mycelial growth at 43.22% and 32.55%, respectively.
{"title":"Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Garcinia cowa Aqueous Leaf Extract and Their Antifungal Activity Against Durian Dieback Pathogen","authors":"Usa Sukkha, Awadol Khejonrak, Phitsamai Kamonpha, Anuchit Ruangvittayanon, Sirichatnach Pakdeepromma, Pornprapa Kongtragoul","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.046","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized under different pH and reaction time using the Garcinia cowa aqueous leaf extract. The formation, crystal structure and morphology of synthesized AgNPs were investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The UV-Vis result indicated that the AgNPs were synthesized using Garcinia cowa aqueous leaf extract at all pH conditions within 10 min. The synthesis of AgNPs was signifi cantly affected by pH condition which was shown by the TEM micrographs. The particle sizes of AgNPs were in a nano-sized range; 6.30 ± 3.52 nm for pH 4, 3.87 ± 2.51 nm for pH 7 and 13.97 ± 11.84 nm for pH 10. Furthermore, the AgNPs prepared in pH 4, pH 7 and pH 10 (120 min reaction time) at different concentrations were assessed for their antifungal activity against durian dieback pathogen. It was found that the 800 mL/L of AgNPs prepared at pH 7, the smallest particle size and good dispersion, showed the highest inhibition mycelial growth at 47.33%, whereas the larger nanoparticles prepared at pH 4 and pH 10 conditions showed lower inhibition of mycelial growth at 43.22% and 32.55%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136249308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Er-Fu Yang, Zhengbao Zhao, S. Karunarathna, A. Karunarathna, S. Tibpromma, Ze-lin Sun, Chengjiao Dao, Jiu-mei Ma, Ling-pan Du, Kai Yan
The discharge of phosphorus from abandoned mining sites has resulted in a signifi cant ecological problem within the southern watershed of Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, China. The latest research has revealed a signifi cant prevalence of Saccharum rufi pilum in soil contaminated with phosphorus. In our investigation, we isolated an endophytic fungus from the root of Saccharum rufi pilum in an open-pit phosphate mining region in Yunnan, China, and the isolated strain well fi ts the concept of genus Bipolaris (Pleosporaceae). Morphological characteristics combined with the phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF-1α) gene revealed that the fungus is Bipolaris panici-miliacei. This article presents a comprehensive description, a color photo plate and a phylogenetic tree of B. panici-miliacei. This research is valuable for restoring vegetation in abandoned phosphate mining sites.
{"title":"A New Host Record of Bipolaris panici-miliacei from the Roots of a Pioneer Plant (Saccharum rufi pilum) in an Abandoned Phosphate Mining Site in Southwest China","authors":"Er-Fu Yang, Zhengbao Zhao, S. Karunarathna, A. Karunarathna, S. Tibpromma, Ze-lin Sun, Chengjiao Dao, Jiu-mei Ma, Ling-pan Du, Kai Yan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.044","url":null,"abstract":"The discharge of phosphorus from abandoned mining sites has resulted in a signifi cant ecological problem within the southern watershed of Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, China. The latest research has revealed a signifi cant prevalence of Saccharum rufi pilum in soil contaminated with phosphorus. In our investigation, we isolated an endophytic fungus from the root of Saccharum rufi pilum in an open-pit phosphate mining region in Yunnan, China, and the isolated strain well fi ts the concept of genus Bipolaris (Pleosporaceae). Morphological characteristics combined with the phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF-1α) gene revealed that the fungus is Bipolaris panici-miliacei. This article presents a comprehensive description, a color photo plate and a phylogenetic tree of B. panici-miliacei. This research is valuable for restoring vegetation in abandoned phosphate mining sites.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79704284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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