Te Pu, Jing Shi, Li Tao, Li-ming Fan, Fawu Su, Min Ye
P iperine is a major component of plants of the Piperaceae family which is widely used in medical science. Botrytis cinerea is one of the most important phytopathogenic fungi causes postharvest losses in fruits and vegetables. To verify the possibility of using piperine as a botanical fungicide against B. cinerea, we determined the in vivo and in vitro antifungal activity of piperine against B. cinerea and investigated its antifungal mechanism effects on the mycelial surface, membrane integrity, soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, succinate dehydrogenase and the malondialdehyde content of B. cinerea. The in vitro antifungal activity assay indicated that the EC50 value of piperine against B. cinerea was 58.66 μg/mL and the in vivo antifungal assay showed that piperine at 400 μg/mL suppressed 93.88% growth of B. cinerea on Lycopersic esculentum. The antifungal mechanism assay showed that piperine could inhibit mycelial growth of B. cinerea by reducing antioxidant activity, inhibiting the tricarboxylic acid pathway, and lysing the cell membrane. All these results indicated that piperine as a natural component has the potential to control B. cinerea and can be considered as a botanical fungicide for postharvest disease control of gray mold.
{"title":"Mechanism of Antifungal Activity of Piperine against Botrytis cinerea","authors":"Te Pu, Jing Shi, Li Tao, Li-ming Fan, Fawu Su, Min Ye","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.012","url":null,"abstract":"P iperine is a major component of plants of the Piperaceae family which is widely used in medical science. Botrytis cinerea is one of the most important phytopathogenic fungi causes postharvest losses in fruits and vegetables. To verify the possibility of using piperine as a botanical fungicide against B. cinerea, we determined the in vivo and in vitro antifungal activity of piperine against B. cinerea and investigated its antifungal mechanism effects on the mycelial surface, membrane integrity, soluble protein content, superoxide dismutase, catalase, succinate dehydrogenase and the malondialdehyde content of B. cinerea. The in vitro antifungal activity assay indicated that the EC50 value of piperine against B. cinerea was 58.66 μg/mL and the in vivo antifungal assay showed that piperine at 400 μg/mL suppressed 93.88% growth of B. cinerea on Lycopersic esculentum. The antifungal mechanism assay showed that piperine could inhibit mycelial growth of B. cinerea by reducing antioxidant activity, inhibiting the tricarboxylic acid pathway, and lysing the cell membrane. All these results indicated that piperine as a natural component has the potential to control B. cinerea and can be considered as a botanical fungicide for postharvest disease control of gray mold.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73790148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F ruit rot and anthracnose are the main diseases in avocado fruits caused by fungal species. Solving this problem with chemical reagents has led to human health and pollution problems. Therefore, this study was aimed to select antagonistic bacteria to control those pathogenic fungi. The pathogenic fungi were isolated from avocado fruit occurred fruit rot or anthracnose symptoms. Based on morphological characteristics and the BLASTn results of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA, the obtained fungal isolates belonged to three fungal genera, namely Fusarium, Lasiodiplodia and Colletotrichum, which was the most commonly occurring. Pathogenicity tests were evaluated on avocado fruit. Then the rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from the avocado rhizosphere. To study antagonistic activity, 101 bacterial isolates were cultured with five fungal pathogens using dual culture technique. The bacterial isolate AS80 exhibited high potential to against Fusarium sp. (61.7%), Lasiodiplodia sp. (66.7%) and Colletotrichum sp. (74.1%). The strain AS80 was used to evaluate the efficacy control of Fusarium sp. on “Hass” avocado fruit. The in vivo evaluation revealed that AS80 showed high efficacy against Fusarium sp. The 16s ribosomal DNA sequencing indicated that AS80 was similar to Bacillus subtilis (99.53 %). Further study under field conditions should be done to validate their efficacy.
{"title":"Evaluation of Antifungal Activity from Bacillus subtilis strain AS80 Against Pathogenic Fungi Isolated from Hass Avocado Fruits","authors":"Sugunya Suebsan, Chanikarn Mee-u-sah, Saowarat Suyana, Manlika Onprachoo, K. Sangwijit, Somboon Anantalabhochai","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.019","url":null,"abstract":"F ruit rot and anthracnose are the main diseases in avocado fruits caused by fungal species. Solving this problem with chemical reagents has led to human health and pollution problems. Therefore, this study was aimed to select antagonistic bacteria to control those pathogenic fungi. The pathogenic fungi were isolated from avocado fruit occurred fruit rot or anthracnose symptoms. Based on morphological characteristics and the BLASTn results of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA, the obtained fungal isolates belonged to three fungal genera, namely Fusarium, Lasiodiplodia and Colletotrichum, which was the most commonly occurring. Pathogenicity tests were evaluated on avocado fruit. Then the rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from the avocado rhizosphere. To study antagonistic activity, 101 bacterial isolates were cultured with five fungal pathogens using dual culture technique. The bacterial isolate AS80 exhibited high potential to against Fusarium sp. (61.7%), Lasiodiplodia sp. (66.7%) and Colletotrichum sp. (74.1%). The strain AS80 was used to evaluate the efficacy control of Fusarium sp. on “Hass” avocado fruit. The in vivo evaluation revealed that AS80 showed high efficacy against Fusarium sp. The 16s ribosomal DNA sequencing indicated that AS80 was similar to Bacillus subtilis (99.53 %). Further study under field conditions should be done to validate their efficacy.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74823197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Haituk, P. Pakdeeniti, P. Withee, A. Karunarathna, Irish C. E. Literatus, J. Kumla, R. Cheewangkoon, J. Suwannamanee, J. Nguanhom
T his research investigated the biological control of Ring Spot Disease of Brassicales caused by Alternaria brassicicola, which is an agriculturally important pathogen, using antagonistic yeasts. One hundred fifteen yeasts were isolated from 38 fruits and vegetable leaves. A total of twenty-nine yeast isolates showed the inhibitory activity of A. brassicicola more than a value of 50% by the dual culture method. The result showed that three antagonistic yeast isolates Y107, Y123, and Y16 showed high inhibitory percentages at 75.00%, 73.52%, and 70.33%, respectively. Interestingly, these yeasts inhibited spore germination of A. brassicicola after 12 h within the range of 80.90 to 90.26%. Subsequently, the efficacy of the selected antagonistic yeast against Ring Spots Disease on cabbage seedlings (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) and Pak choi (Brassica chinensis L. var. chinensis) was tested in the greenhouse. The result indicated that antagonistic yeast isolate Y107 inhibited the disease at 72.75% and 71.42% in Cabbage seedlings and Pak choi, respectively. However, the efficacy of isolates Y123 and Y16 were not significant in disease inhibition in both Cabbage seedlings (66.67% and 66.08%) and Pak choi (69.83% and 68.92%). Additionally, the antagonistic yeast isolates were identified by phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU) gene. Yeast isolates Y16 and Y123 were identified to Kurtzmaniella quercitrusa, while isolate Y107 was Hanseniaspora thailandica.
{"title":"Biological Control of Brassicales Ring Spot Disease Caused by Alternaria brassicicola Using Antagonistic Yeasts","authors":"S. Haituk, P. Pakdeeniti, P. Withee, A. Karunarathna, Irish C. E. Literatus, J. Kumla, R. Cheewangkoon, J. Suwannamanee, J. Nguanhom","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.016","url":null,"abstract":"T his research investigated the biological control of Ring Spot Disease of Brassicales caused by Alternaria brassicicola, which is an agriculturally important pathogen, using antagonistic yeasts. One hundred fifteen yeasts were isolated from 38 fruits and vegetable leaves. A total of twenty-nine yeast isolates showed the inhibitory activity of A. brassicicola more than a value of 50% by the dual culture method. The result showed that three antagonistic yeast isolates Y107, Y123, and Y16 showed high inhibitory percentages at 75.00%, 73.52%, and 70.33%, respectively. Interestingly, these yeasts inhibited spore germination of A. brassicicola after 12 h within the range of 80.90 to 90.26%. Subsequently, the efficacy of the selected antagonistic yeast against Ring Spots Disease on cabbage seedlings (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) and Pak choi (Brassica chinensis L. var. chinensis) was tested in the greenhouse. The result indicated that antagonistic yeast isolate Y107 inhibited the disease at 72.75% and 71.42% in Cabbage seedlings and Pak choi, respectively. However, the efficacy of isolates Y123 and Y16 were not significant in disease inhibition in both Cabbage seedlings (66.67% and 66.08%) and Pak choi (69.83% and 68.92%). Additionally, the antagonistic yeast isolates were identified by phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU) gene. Yeast isolates Y16 and Y123 were identified to Kurtzmaniella quercitrusa, while isolate Y107 was Hanseniaspora thailandica.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74270798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanyaluck Jantakee, Suthida Panwong, Hathaichanok Pandith, Y. Tragoolpua, A. Panya
Dengue virus (DENV) infection has been reported to be continuously increasing worldwide. Currently, there is no effective treatment specific to DENV infection, in addition, the efficiencies of the vaccines are not fully effective against all four circulating DENV serotypes. Therefore, the development of an anti-viral agent to combat DENV infection and lower the risk of disease progression is needed, especially in the endemic area. This study investigated the effect of Terminalia bellirica extract and its combination with alpha-mangostin (α-MG) in lowering the DENV serotype 2 infection in Vero cells and A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. The phytochemical characterization of T. bellirica extract demonstrated that T. bellirica extract contained a total phenolic compound of 198.29 ± 15.95 mg gallic acid/g extract in which the gallic acid was the major bioactive compound, judged by HPLC. Treatment with 50 μg/mL of T. bellirica extract caused over 50% of DENV envelope protein reduction in Vero cells and showed no significant attenuation upon the six rounds of thermal stress exposures. At an equal concentration, the efficiency of T. bellirica extract in A549 cells was lower than that of Vero cells; however, combination with low-dose α-MG (0.5-2 μg/mL) showed to significantly improve the inhibitory activity of T. bellirica extract. This study demonstrated the great stability of T. bellirica extract to inhibit DENV infection and suggested a combination approach with α-MG offered protection against the DENV tissue tropism.
{"title":"Stability of Terminalia bellirica Extract and Its Combination Effect with Alpha-Mangostin in Inhibiting Dengue Virus Infection","authors":"Kanyaluck Jantakee, Suthida Panwong, Hathaichanok Pandith, Y. Tragoolpua, A. Panya","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.013","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue virus (DENV) infection has been reported to be continuously increasing worldwide. Currently, there is no effective treatment specific to DENV infection, in addition, the efficiencies of the vaccines are not fully effective against all four circulating DENV serotypes. Therefore, the development of an anti-viral agent to combat DENV infection and lower the risk of disease progression is needed, especially in the endemic area. This study investigated the effect of Terminalia bellirica extract and its combination with alpha-mangostin (α-MG) in lowering the DENV serotype 2 infection in Vero cells and A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. The phytochemical characterization of T. bellirica extract demonstrated that T. bellirica extract contained a total phenolic compound of 198.29 ± 15.95 mg gallic acid/g extract in which the gallic acid was the major bioactive compound, judged by HPLC. Treatment with 50 μg/mL of T. bellirica extract caused over 50% of DENV envelope protein reduction in Vero cells and showed no significant attenuation upon the six rounds of thermal stress exposures. At an equal concentration, the efficiency of T. bellirica extract in A549 cells was lower than that of Vero cells; however, combination with low-dose α-MG (0.5-2 μg/mL) showed to significantly improve the inhibitory activity of T. bellirica extract. This study demonstrated the great stability of T. bellirica extract to inhibit DENV infection and suggested a combination approach with α-MG offered protection against the DENV tissue tropism.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72871665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Khai, L. N. Long, L. V. Thang, T. H. Minh, V. Vuong, Tran Thanh Xuan, M. T. Phong
Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is emerging as one of the most attractive two-dimensional (2D) materials amongst the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) group. MoS2 exhibits a thickness-dependent band gap that changes from indirect band gap of ~1.3 eV for bulk MoS2 to direct band gap of ~1.9 eV in monolayer form. Such indirect-to-direct gap transition due to quantum confi nement results in giant enhancement in photoluminescence quantum yield. Recent study demonstrated that the co-existence of 2H- and 1T-MoS2 synthesized by hydrothermal method exhibited superior electronic conductivity to those with 2H semiconducting phase. Metallic 1T phase of MoS2 is attracting much attention due to its high electronic conductivity and potential applications in supercapacitors, thermoelectric energy harvesting, and memristors. In this paper, we investigated a hybrid structure between 2H and 1T of MoS2 by a hydrothermal process and investigated its optical property via photoluminescence spectra with changes in pH values. Our results indicated that photoluminescence occurred in the visible light region and the band gap was determined to be ~1.96–2.50 eV. In addition, pH of the precursor solution strongly affected the fi nal structure of MoS2 nanocrystals, which in turn, affected their photoluminescence property wherein pH = 4–5 was identifi ed as optimum for 2H–1T-MoS2 synthesis.
{"title":"Effects of pH on the Structure and Optical Property of Molybdenum Disulfide Nanocrystals Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method","authors":"T. Khai, L. N. Long, L. V. Thang, T. H. Minh, V. Vuong, Tran Thanh Xuan, M. T. Phong","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.011","url":null,"abstract":"Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is emerging as one of the most attractive two-dimensional (2D) materials amongst the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) group. MoS2 exhibits a thickness-dependent band gap that changes from indirect band gap of ~1.3 eV for bulk MoS2 to direct band gap of ~1.9 eV in monolayer form. Such indirect-to-direct gap transition due to quantum confi nement results in giant enhancement in photoluminescence quantum yield. Recent study demonstrated that the co-existence of 2H- and 1T-MoS2 synthesized by hydrothermal method exhibited superior electronic conductivity to those with 2H semiconducting phase. Metallic 1T phase of MoS2 is attracting much attention due to its high electronic conductivity and potential applications in supercapacitors, thermoelectric energy harvesting, and memristors. In this paper, we investigated a hybrid structure between 2H and 1T of MoS2 by a hydrothermal process and investigated its optical property via photoluminescence spectra with changes in pH values. Our results indicated that photoluminescence occurred in the visible light region and the band gap was determined to be ~1.96–2.50 eV. In addition, pH of the precursor solution strongly affected the fi nal structure of MoS2 nanocrystals, which in turn, affected their photoluminescence property wherein pH = 4–5 was identifi ed as optimum for 2H–1T-MoS2 synthesis.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87000042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan He, Jiarui Liu, Meiqi Cheng, Jingyu Sun, Wei Chen, Wei Pan
Magnetic field plays an essential role for many species, including the migratory pest aphid. Our previous study investigated the long-term exposure of static magnetic fields on the growth development and productivity of the aphid Macrosiphum rosae, however, it is necessary to expand the knowledge of short-term exposure on the insects for a wider spectrum of magnetic field radiation. To achieve this, aphid nymphs were exposed to four magnetic field of induction at 0.065T, 0.1T, 0.176T and 0.28T for 4min under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the short-term magnetic radiation significantly prelonged the four instar development while shortened the first, second and third instar period. 0.28 T radiations caused significantly difference in the parameters of TPOP, adult longevity and total longevity (3.2d, 7.07d, and 8.82d, compared with the control of 4.94d, 8.06d, and 10.23d, respectively). Population parameter of r was 0.057d-1 with 0.28 T compared with the control of 0.150 d-1. The SOD, CAT and POD activity increased more than 30% in static magnetic fields compared with the controls. Our study presents a feasible evidence showing the growth development change as a representative disturbing symptom for short-term exposure to magnetic fields, and the static magnetic field applied being capable of modifying the fitness components and antioxidant defense in aphids.
{"title":"Response to Magnetic Field-Induced Stress on the Demographics and anti-ROS Activity of Aphid Macrosiphum rosae L. (Hemiptera:Aphididae)","authors":"Juan He, Jiarui Liu, Meiqi Cheng, Jingyu Sun, Wei Chen, Wei Pan","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.001","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic field plays an essential role for many species, including the migratory pest aphid. Our previous study investigated the long-term exposure of static magnetic fields on the growth development and productivity of the aphid Macrosiphum rosae, however, it is necessary to expand the knowledge of short-term exposure on the insects for a wider spectrum of magnetic field radiation. To achieve this, aphid nymphs were exposed to four magnetic field of induction at 0.065T, 0.1T, 0.176T and 0.28T for 4min under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the short-term magnetic radiation significantly prelonged the four instar development while shortened the first, second and third instar period. 0.28 T radiations caused significantly difference in the parameters of TPOP, adult longevity and total longevity (3.2d, 7.07d, and 8.82d, compared with the control of 4.94d, 8.06d, and 10.23d, respectively). Population parameter of r was 0.057d-1 with 0.28 T compared with the control of 0.150 d-1. The SOD, CAT and POD activity increased more than 30% in static magnetic fields compared with the controls. Our study presents a feasible evidence showing the growth development change as a representative disturbing symptom for short-term exposure to magnetic fields, and the static magnetic field applied being capable of modifying the fitness components and antioxidant defense in aphids.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79525139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fakih Latehnuering, C. Pornsuriya, P. Wonglom, O. Ruangwong, A. Sunpapao
In J une 2021, brown spots was observed on Costa Rican pitahaya fruits (Hylocereus costaricensis) in a dragon fruit cultivation in Phatthalung province, southern Thailand. Infected dragon fruits showed small, circular, brown spots that expanded later to irregular shapes and the center of the symptomatic spot becoming dark brown with age. The fungus was isolated and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) for morphological observation. Based on the macroscopic and microscopic features and phylogenetic tree of combined glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and large subunit (LSU) sequences, this isolate was identified as Curvularia pseudobrachyspora. Pathogenicity tests by agar plug method revealed that this fungal isolate caused brown spot disease on Costa Rican pitahaya fruits with observations similar to the natural infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. pseudobrachyspora causing brown spot disease on Costa Rican pitahaya fruits in Thailand.
{"title":"New Report of Curvularia pseudobrachyspora Causing Brown Spot on Costa Rican Pitahaya Fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) in Thailand","authors":"Fakih Latehnuering, C. Pornsuriya, P. Wonglom, O. Ruangwong, A. Sunpapao","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"In J une 2021, brown spots was observed on Costa Rican pitahaya fruits (Hylocereus costaricensis) in a dragon fruit cultivation in Phatthalung province, southern Thailand. Infected dragon fruits showed small, circular, brown spots that expanded later to irregular shapes and the center of the symptomatic spot becoming dark brown with age. The fungus was isolated and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) for morphological observation. Based on the macroscopic and microscopic features and phylogenetic tree of combined glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and large subunit (LSU) sequences, this isolate was identified as Curvularia pseudobrachyspora. Pathogenicity tests by agar plug method revealed that this fungal isolate caused brown spot disease on Costa Rican pitahaya fruits with observations similar to the natural infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. pseudobrachyspora causing brown spot disease on Costa Rican pitahaya fruits in Thailand.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80686623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haiyin Guo, Yuqin Ma, Wei Xu, Yatao Zhao, Zedu Yang, Yi Xu, Fei Li, Yatao Li
To study the influence of the structural parameters of blade tip labyrinth seal (BTLS) on leakage flow characteristics, finite element method was used to calculate the relationship between blade tip leakage rate (BTLR) and four structural parameters such as tooth width, tooth height, tooth pitch and tooth number. With the finite element results as samples, support vector regression (SVR), back propagation (BP) neural network and extreme learning machine (ELM) were used to establish the prediction model of the relationship between BTLR and four structural parameters. The accuracy and applicability of three prediction models were compared and analyzed. The results showed that SVR algorithm has higher prediction accuracy and stability compared with other algorithms for the prediction of BTLR. The mean square error and determination coefficient of its test set are 0.00059637 and 0.99253 respectively. After that, SVR results were taken as samples of genetic algorithm to find the combination of structural parameters with the minimum BTLR. The obtained structural parameters were combined for simulation modeling calculation. Its results showed that the fluid velocity in the blade tip region is significantly reduced and the velocity transition is gentle. The difference between simulation and optimization was 0.01%. This method innovatively applies machine learning algorithm to the prediction of BTLR, and improves the problem of low speed and high cost when only using finite element method. It provides a new way to calculate BTLR. In addition, the structural parameters of BTLS are optimized to reduce BTLR. This idea expands the field of application of machine learning algorithms.
{"title":"Prediction of Leakage Rate and Optimization of Structural Parameter of Blade Tip Labyrinth Seal","authors":"Haiyin Guo, Yuqin Ma, Wei Xu, Yatao Zhao, Zedu Yang, Yi Xu, Fei Li, Yatao Li","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"To study the influence of the structural parameters of blade tip labyrinth seal (BTLS) on leakage flow characteristics, finite element method was used to calculate the relationship between blade tip leakage rate (BTLR) and four structural parameters such as tooth width, tooth height, tooth pitch and tooth number. With the finite element results as samples, support vector regression (SVR), back propagation (BP) neural network and extreme learning machine (ELM) were used to establish the prediction model of the relationship between BTLR and four structural parameters. The accuracy and applicability of three prediction models were compared and analyzed. The results showed that SVR algorithm has higher prediction accuracy and stability compared with other algorithms for the prediction of BTLR. The mean square error and determination coefficient of its test set are 0.00059637 and 0.99253 respectively. After that, SVR results were taken as samples of genetic algorithm to find the combination of structural parameters with the minimum BTLR. The obtained structural parameters were combined for simulation modeling calculation. Its results showed that the fluid velocity in the blade tip region is significantly reduced and the velocity transition is gentle. The difference between simulation and optimization was 0.01%. This method innovatively applies machine learning algorithm to the prediction of BTLR, and improves the problem of low speed and high cost when only using finite element method. It provides a new way to calculate BTLR. In addition, the structural parameters of BTLS are optimized to reduce BTLR. This idea expands the field of application of machine learning algorithms.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81959395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aqib Hassan Ali Khan, Syedah Zoya Kazmi, C. R. Mirza, T. Butt, Nida Gul, R. Barros, S. Yousaf, M. Iqbal
T he nutrient cycle and organic matter decomposition are catalyzed by soil enzymes. In this study, enzymatic activities of catalase, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease are studied in soils amended with compost (C), moss (M), or biochar (B) and irrigated with heavy metal-contaminated wastewater (HM-CW), when Nicotiana alata L. and Petunia hybrida L. was grown in pots. The irrigation of HM-CW reduced the soil enzyme activities. However, combined used of 5% M+C+B, results in the improved soil enzyme activities. In case of N. alata and P. hybrida, catalase activity was 222.03 ± 9.24 and 402.34 ± 10.48 mg KMnO4 g-1 soil h-1, respectively, with M+C+B, which was up to 94% higher than non-amended treatment. Similarly, the M+C+B treatment also showed higher activity for dehydrogenase i.e., 180.24 ± 6.95, and 156.79 ± 8.31 μg TPF g-1 soil h-1 for N. alata and P. hybrida, respectively, that were 73% and 49% higher than non-amended treatment. Alkaline phosphatase production (μg p-nitrophenol g-1 soil h-1) for N. alata with M+C+B was 40.10 ± 1.92 and with C+B was 38.41 ± 2.00, while for P. hybrida with M+C+B was 39.33 ± 2.05, which is significantly higher as compared with the non-amended treatment. Urease activity at M+C+B application in soil with P. hybrida was 83.22 ± 5.54 mg urea g-1 soil h-1, which was much higher than that of N. alata. In general enzyme activity enhanced in the soil with N. alata or P. hybrida along with soil amendments. It shows that application of these organic amendments individually or in combination with N. alata or P. hybrida increased enzyme activities possibly through affecting soil nutrient dynamics.
{"title":"Effect of Soil Amendments on the Enzymatic Profile of Soil when Nicotiana alata L. and Petunia hybrida L. were Irrigated with Synthetic Heavy Metal-contaminated Wastewater","authors":"Aqib Hassan Ali Khan, Syedah Zoya Kazmi, C. R. Mirza, T. Butt, Nida Gul, R. Barros, S. Yousaf, M. Iqbal","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.008","url":null,"abstract":"T he nutrient cycle and organic matter decomposition are catalyzed by soil enzymes. In this study, enzymatic activities of catalase, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease are studied in soils amended with compost (C), moss (M), or biochar (B) and irrigated with heavy metal-contaminated wastewater (HM-CW), when Nicotiana alata L. and Petunia hybrida L. was grown in pots. The irrigation of HM-CW reduced the soil enzyme activities. However, combined used of 5% M+C+B, results in the improved soil enzyme activities. In case of N. alata and P. hybrida, catalase activity was 222.03 ± 9.24 and 402.34 ± 10.48 mg KMnO4 g-1 soil h-1, respectively, with M+C+B, which was up to 94% higher than non-amended treatment. Similarly, the M+C+B treatment also showed higher activity for dehydrogenase i.e., 180.24 ± 6.95, and 156.79 ± 8.31 μg TPF g-1 soil h-1 for N. alata and P. hybrida, respectively, that were 73% and 49% higher than non-amended treatment. Alkaline phosphatase production (μg p-nitrophenol g-1 soil h-1) for N. alata with M+C+B was 40.10 ± 1.92 and with C+B was 38.41 ± 2.00, while for P. hybrida with M+C+B was 39.33 ± 2.05, which is significantly higher as compared with the non-amended treatment. Urease activity at M+C+B application in soil with P. hybrida was 83.22 ± 5.54 mg urea g-1 soil h-1, which was much higher than that of N. alata. In general enzyme activity enhanced in the soil with N. alata or P. hybrida along with soil amendments. It shows that application of these organic amendments individually or in combination with N. alata or P. hybrida increased enzyme activities possibly through affecting soil nutrient dynamics.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"275 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76786778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi Jiang, DI Zhang, M. Idrees, Xiaobin Li, Jinmei Zhou, Jize Xu
T wo new records of agaric macrofungi, Cystoagaricus populinus and Psilocybe papuana, are described from Northeast and Southwest China. Morphological characteristics were examined and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Cystoagaricus populinus is characterized by orange-brown pileus and pileipellis. Additionally, the significant characteristics of P. papuana are brown with umbo pileus, and basidiospores with germ pores. The phylogenetic analyses based on the ITS region indicated that these two species were most closely related to C. populinus and Psilocybe cf. papuana, respectively. Prior to this study, P. papuana distributed found in Papua New Guinea, while C. populinus found in Italy and Spain. Comprehensive descriptions, illustrations, hand drawings and phylogenetic trees of C. populinus and P. papuana are provided.
{"title":"Two New Records of Agaricales (Psilocybe papuana and Cystoagaricus populinus) from China","authors":"Yi Jiang, DI Zhang, M. Idrees, Xiaobin Li, Jinmei Zhou, Jize Xu","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.005","url":null,"abstract":"T wo new records of agaric macrofungi, Cystoagaricus populinus and Psilocybe papuana, are described from Northeast and Southwest China. Morphological characteristics were examined and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Cystoagaricus populinus is characterized by orange-brown pileus and pileipellis. Additionally, the significant characteristics of P. papuana are brown with umbo pileus, and basidiospores with germ pores. The phylogenetic analyses based on the ITS region indicated that these two species were most closely related to C. populinus and Psilocybe cf. papuana, respectively. Prior to this study, P. papuana distributed found in Papua New Guinea, while C. populinus found in Italy and Spain. Comprehensive descriptions, illustrations, hand drawings and phylogenetic trees of C. populinus and P. papuana are provided.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74563122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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