Aimalin Pipattanapuckdee, P. Seehanam, C. Tiyayon, Danai Boonyakait, K. Kunasakdakul, Salit Supakitthanakorn, O. Ruangwong
P ostharvest fruit rot disease of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) caused by Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae is one of the most devastating problems for longan production in Thailand. To reduce the use of chemicals, the endophytic bacterium was isolated from healthy longan fruit for using as a biological control agent. The antagonistic bacterium Bacillus siamensis isolate RFCD306 which was identified based on morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. It showed the antifungal effect with 94.40% of fungal growth inhibition which was conducted by a dual culture method. The efficacy of B. siamensis RFCD306 on the inhibition of fungal growth and conidial germination was observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and revealed the abnormal germination of conidial and hyphal growth. Moreover, four antibiotic synthesis-related genes consisting of srfA, ituA, bacD and bymA were detected from B. siamensis RFCD306 by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. These genes might be involved in the antifungal activity of the antagonistic bacterium. Furthermore, the disease control efficiency of B. siamensis RFCD306 was evaluated on harvested longan fruits and showed that the bacterium decreased the incidence of fruit rot disease. Therefore, this study represented the effective B. siamensis RFCD306 for using as a biological agent in controlling postharvest fruit rot disease of longan.
{"title":"Inhibition of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Causing Fruit Rot Disease of Longan by Using Antagonistic Bacillus siamensis RFCD306","authors":"Aimalin Pipattanapuckdee, P. Seehanam, C. Tiyayon, Danai Boonyakait, K. Kunasakdakul, Salit Supakitthanakorn, O. Ruangwong","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.004","url":null,"abstract":"P ostharvest fruit rot disease of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) caused by Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae is one of the most devastating problems for longan production in Thailand. To reduce the use of chemicals, the endophytic bacterium was isolated from healthy longan fruit for using as a biological control agent. The antagonistic bacterium Bacillus siamensis isolate RFCD306 which was identified based on morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. It showed the antifungal effect with 94.40% of fungal growth inhibition which was conducted by a dual culture method. The efficacy of B. siamensis RFCD306 on the inhibition of fungal growth and conidial germination was observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and revealed the abnormal germination of conidial and hyphal growth. Moreover, four antibiotic synthesis-related genes consisting of srfA, ituA, bacD and bymA were detected from B. siamensis RFCD306 by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. These genes might be involved in the antifungal activity of the antagonistic bacterium. Furthermore, the disease control efficiency of B. siamensis RFCD306 was evaluated on harvested longan fruits and showed that the bacterium decreased the incidence of fruit rot disease. Therefore, this study represented the effective B. siamensis RFCD306 for using as a biological agent in controlling postharvest fruit rot disease of longan.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85027298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanokwan Darasoon, Supawitch Hoijang, Tanapong Kunakham, Sorapong Janhom, S. Ananta, Gyu Leem, L. Srisombat
In t his study, solid silica nanoparticles (sSiO2 NPs) were chemically etched using sodium hydroxide solution as an etchant to synthesize porous silica nanoparticles (pSiO2 NPs). Etchant dosage and etching time were optimized to obtain the optimum etching condition providing the effective removal of paraquat (PQ). High removal efficiency of PQ by the synthesized pSiO2 NPs was obtained over 90% using 11.1 mL of 1.25 M NaOH and 12 h for the etching process. SEM and TEM images showed that the porosity of pSiO2 NPs increased with increase of the etchant dosage and etching time. The increment of porosity of pSiO2 NPs enhanced the PQ removal efficiency. FTIR result indicated that the characteristic functionalities of silica remain after the etching process. After optimum condition of etching obtained, the adsorption behavior of PQ was investigated. Several key factors influencing the adsorption efficiency, i.e., initial solution pH, initial concentration, and adsorption time were optimized. The maximum removal efficiency of PQ (~98%) by the pSiO2 nanoadsorbent was obtained using 100 mg L-1 of PQ solution at pH ~7 within 5 minutes. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of the pSiO2 NPs for the PQ removal was 65.7 mg g-1. The pSiO2 nanoadsorbent is effective adsorbent for the PQ removal due to the development of a facile synthetic method for adsorbent preparation, rapid adsorption process, and comparable qmax value with other PQ adsorbents.
在本研究中，采用氢氧化钠溶液作为蚀刻剂，化学蚀刻固体二氧化硅纳米颗粒(sSiO2 NPs)，合成多孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(pSiO2 NPs)。通过对蚀刻剂用量和蚀刻时间的优化，获得了能有效去除百草枯的最佳蚀刻条件。采用11.1 mL 1.25 M NaOH溶液和12 h的蚀刻工艺，合成的pSiO2 NPs对PQ的去除率达到90%以上。SEM和TEM结果表明，随着蚀刻剂用量的增加和蚀刻时间的延长，pSiO2纳米颗粒的孔隙率逐渐增大。孔隙率的增加提高了pSiO2 NPs的PQ去除效率。FTIR结果表明，在蚀刻过程中，二氧化硅的特征官能团仍然存在。在获得最佳蚀刻条件后，研究了PQ的吸附行为。优化了影响吸附效率的几个关键因素，即初始溶液pH、初始浓度和吸附时间。当PQ溶液浓度为100 mg L-1, pH ~7时，pSiO2纳米吸附剂对PQ的去除率在5 min内达到最大(~98%)。pSiO2 NPs对PQ的最大吸附量(qmax)为65.7 mg g-1。pSiO2纳米吸附剂制备方法简便，吸附过程快速，qmax值与其他PQ吸附剂相当，是去除PQ的有效吸附剂。
{"title":"Preparation of Porous Silica Nanoparticles by Chemical Etching for Removal of Paraquat from Aqueous Solution","authors":"Kanokwan Darasoon, Supawitch Hoijang, Tanapong Kunakham, Sorapong Janhom, S. Ananta, Gyu Leem, L. Srisombat","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.009","url":null,"abstract":"In t his study, solid silica nanoparticles (sSiO2 NPs) were chemically etched using sodium hydroxide solution as an etchant to synthesize porous silica nanoparticles (pSiO2 NPs). Etchant dosage and etching time were optimized to obtain the optimum etching condition providing the effective removal of paraquat (PQ). High removal efficiency of PQ by the synthesized pSiO2 NPs was obtained over 90% using 11.1 mL of 1.25 M NaOH and 12 h for the etching process. SEM and TEM images showed that the porosity of pSiO2 NPs increased with increase of the etchant dosage and etching time. The increment of porosity of pSiO2 NPs enhanced the PQ removal efficiency. FTIR result indicated that the characteristic functionalities of silica remain after the etching process. After optimum condition of etching obtained, the adsorption behavior of PQ was investigated. Several key factors influencing the adsorption efficiency, i.e., initial solution pH, initial concentration, and adsorption time were optimized. The maximum removal efficiency of PQ (~98%) by the pSiO2 nanoadsorbent was obtained using 100 mg L-1 of PQ solution at pH ~7 within 5 minutes. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of the pSiO2 NPs for the PQ removal was 65.7 mg g-1. The pSiO2 nanoadsorbent is effective adsorbent for the PQ removal due to the development of a facile synthetic method for adsorbent preparation, rapid adsorption process, and comparable qmax value with other PQ adsorbents.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89412498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Piao Chen, Mingqing Shan, Xiongjian Li, Shuijin Yang, Yun Yang
The photocatalytic efficiency is often limited by the low utilization of visible light and the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers. In this work, we successfully synthesized BiOCOOH micro-flowers self-assembled from two-dimensional nanosheets using N,N-dimethylformamide and Bi(NO3)3·5H2O as raw materials. The characterizations such as XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDS proved the success of Fe3+ doping into the lattice of BiOCOOH. By degrading the colored dye RhB, it was found that 0.8FBOC has the best photocatalytic performance, and its degradation rate constant is 0.013 min-1, which is 6 times than pure BiOCOOH. According to previous works, the intermediates generated during the photodegradation of RhB in this work were investigated and we speculate the possible photocatalytic mechanism at the end. Up to now, we have hardly discovered about the doping modification of BiOCOOH, so this study offers a new idea for the modification of BiOCOOH.
{"title":"N, N-Dimethylformamide-assisted One-step Synthesis of Fe Doped Hierarchical Flower-like BiOCOOH with Enhenced Photocatalytic Activity","authors":"Piao Chen, Mingqing Shan, Xiongjian Li, Shuijin Yang, Yun Yang","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2023.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2023.007","url":null,"abstract":"The photocatalytic efficiency is often limited by the low utilization of visible light and the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers. In this work, we successfully synthesized BiOCOOH micro-flowers self-assembled from two-dimensional nanosheets using N,N-dimethylformamide and Bi(NO3)3·5H2O as raw materials. The characterizations such as XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDS proved the success of Fe3+ doping into the lattice of BiOCOOH. By degrading the colored dye RhB, it was found that 0.8FBOC has the best photocatalytic performance, and its degradation rate constant is 0.013 min-1, which is 6 times than pure BiOCOOH. According to previous works, the intermediates generated during the photodegradation of RhB in this work were investigated and we speculate the possible photocatalytic mechanism at the end. Up to now, we have hardly discovered about the doping modification of BiOCOOH, so this study offers a new idea for the modification of BiOCOOH.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"88 7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84056964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mauizatul Hasanah, A. Wijaya, R. Mohadi, F. Arsyad, A. Lesbani
Utilization of duku (Lansium domesticum) peel and salak (Salacca zalacca) peel as rhodamine-B adsorbent was investigated by producing it into hydrochar of duku peel and hydrochar of salak peel by hydrothermal carbonization at 150 °C for 6 hours. XRD shows hydrochar was an amorphous solid (angle of 2ϴ at 30 deg (002)). FTIR characterization of hydrochar showed that hydrochar had the main constituent of the raw material biomass with detected functional groups in the form of -OH, -CH, C=O, and C-O. Wavenumber at FTIR was shifted after adsorption indicated adsorption of rhodamine-B by adsorbent with changes in the structure. Duku peel increased surface area after being hydrochar from 12.343 m2/g to 21.019 m2/g, but salak peel had decreased in surface area from 62.676 m2/g to 23.121 m2/g. The maximum adsorption capacity of duku peel is 58.824 mg/g at 30 °C, HC of duku peel is 114.943 mg/g at 70 °C and salak peel is 92.593 at 30 °C, HC of salak peel is 102.041 mg/g at 30 °C. In this study, the adsorption kinetics and isotherm models follow the PSO kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm with an endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. Adsorption efficiency in the regeneration process increases from fruit peel to hydrochar and can be used repeatedly in the regeneration process for 3 cycles.
{"title":"Hydrochar from Lansium domesticum and Salacca zalacca Peel as Adsorbent on Rhodamine-B Removal: Adsorption Process and Regeneration Studies","authors":"Mauizatul Hasanah, A. Wijaya, R. Mohadi, F. Arsyad, A. Lesbani","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.108","url":null,"abstract":"Utilization of duku (Lansium domesticum) peel and salak (Salacca zalacca) peel as rhodamine-B adsorbent was investigated by producing it into hydrochar of duku peel and hydrochar of salak peel by hydrothermal carbonization at 150 °C for 6 hours. XRD shows hydrochar was an amorphous solid (angle of 2ϴ at 30 deg (002)). FTIR characterization of hydrochar showed that hydrochar had the main constituent of the raw material biomass with detected functional groups in the form of -OH, -CH, C=O, and C-O. Wavenumber at FTIR was shifted after adsorption indicated adsorption of rhodamine-B by adsorbent with changes in the structure. Duku peel increased surface area after being hydrochar from 12.343 m2/g to 21.019 m2/g, but salak peel had decreased in surface area from 62.676 m2/g to 23.121 m2/g. The maximum adsorption capacity of duku peel is 58.824 mg/g at 30 °C, HC of duku peel is 114.943 mg/g at 70 °C and salak peel is 92.593 at 30 °C, HC of salak peel is 102.041 mg/g at 30 °C. In this study, the adsorption kinetics and isotherm models follow the PSO kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm with an endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. Adsorption efficiency in the regeneration process increases from fruit peel to hydrochar and can be used repeatedly in the regeneration process for 3 cycles.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"340 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72560625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Keawprak, P. Arkom, Pracha Lao-auyporn, Nikorn Kaewpreak, P. Wannasut, A. Watcharapasorn
In this study, the perlite-based insulating material is developed to meet ASTM C610 standards in a form of the board. Expanded perlite powders with a tapped density of 53 and 150 kg/m³ were used in this study. Sodium silicate used as a proper binder at various concentrations was mixed with perlite powders. The homogeneous moist mixture was formed by uniaxial pressing at different compaction ratios. Specimens were dried at low temperatures (250-400°C). Measurements of physical properties e.g., fl exural strength, bulk density and thermal conductivity, were conducted. Perlite foam was set after drying, leading to an increase in its moisture resistance and strength. Compression molding also affected the density and strength of the products. Heat treatment after forming was carried out in order to dehydrate water molecules and bond particles together. The specimens were tested in accordance with ASTM C610 as a result of optimum conditions from perlite powder with a tapped density of 53 kg/m3. Perlite foam board had been successfully fabricated with a bulk density of 205 kg/m3, fl exural strength of 434 kPa, compressive strength of 764 kPa and room temperature thermal conductivity of 0.056 W/m.K.
{"title":"Development of Expanded Perlite Board for Thermal Insulation","authors":"N. Keawprak, P. Arkom, Pracha Lao-auyporn, Nikorn Kaewpreak, P. Wannasut, A. Watcharapasorn","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.098","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the perlite-based insulating material is developed to meet ASTM C610 standards in a form of the board. Expanded perlite powders with a tapped density of 53 and 150 kg/m³ were used in this study. Sodium silicate used as a proper binder at various concentrations was mixed with perlite powders. The homogeneous moist mixture was formed by uniaxial pressing at different compaction ratios. Specimens were dried at low temperatures (250-400°C). Measurements of physical properties e.g., fl exural strength, bulk density and thermal conductivity, were conducted. Perlite foam was set after drying, leading to an increase in its moisture resistance and strength. Compression molding also affected the density and strength of the products. Heat treatment after forming was carried out in order to dehydrate water molecules and bond particles together. The specimens were tested in accordance with ASTM C610 as a result of optimum conditions from perlite powder with a tapped density of 53 kg/m3. Perlite foam board had been successfully fabricated with a bulk density of 205 kg/m3, fl exural strength of 434 kPa, compressive strength of 764 kPa and room temperature thermal conductivity of 0.056 W/m.K.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88202501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regression analysis is a statistical methodology to investigate the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables. In current era with the trend of big data, we might face some problems when performing statistical analysis for the massive volume of data. For example, the heavy burden of the computing load will cause the computation to be time consuming, the accuracy of the results might be affected in view of the vast volume of data. Hence, divided regression analysis is proposed to reduce the burden of the computing load. This approach performs subdivision of the dataset into several unique subsets, then the multiple linear regression is fi tted into each subset. The results obtained from each subset are then combined to obtain a divided regression model which is treated as the original overall dataset. The dataset used in this paper is KC Housesales Data, obtained from the Kaggle website. The dataset contains statistics information about the housing price, for example, size of lot, size of living area and selling price of the house. The goal of this paper is to predict the selling price of a house from the given attributes. The dataset is partitioned into fi ve subsets. Consequently, multiple linear regression is fi tted for each subset. Then, some model adequacy checking will be applied on the models. The test in determining the existence of multicollinearity in the models is rather important as well because the collinearity among the independent variables will affect the overall results. Hence, the variance infl ation factor (VIF) approach is used to determine the existence of multicollinearity. Finally, the divided regression model is obtained by combining results from all the subsets and the validity of divided regression model is verifi ed.
{"title":"Housing Price Prediction by Divided Regression Analysis","authors":"Y. Goh, Y. Goh, Chun-Chieh Yip, K. Ng","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.102","url":null,"abstract":"Regression analysis is a statistical methodology to investigate the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables. In current era with the trend of big data, we might face some problems when performing statistical analysis for the massive volume of data. For example, the heavy burden of the computing load will cause the computation to be time consuming, the accuracy of the results might be affected in view of the vast volume of data. Hence, divided regression analysis is proposed to reduce the burden of the computing load. This approach performs subdivision of the dataset into several unique subsets, then the multiple linear regression is fi tted into each subset. The results obtained from each subset are then combined to obtain a divided regression model which is treated as the original overall dataset. The dataset used in this paper is KC Housesales Data, obtained from the Kaggle website. The dataset contains statistics information about the housing price, for example, size of lot, size of living area and selling price of the house. The goal of this paper is to predict the selling price of a house from the given attributes. The dataset is partitioned into fi ve subsets. Consequently, multiple linear regression is fi tted for each subset. Then, some model adequacy checking will be applied on the models. The test in determining the existence of multicollinearity in the models is rather important as well because the collinearity among the independent variables will affect the overall results. Hence, the variance infl ation factor (VIF) approach is used to determine the existence of multicollinearity. Finally, the divided regression model is obtained by combining results from all the subsets and the validity of divided regression model is verifi ed.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90562175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metal matrix composite materials are used in several industrial applications due to its improved specifi c strength, capacity, good wear resistance, and high specifi c modulus and so on. In this work, the Aluminium alloy Al6061 is used as the matrix and 15% of volume fraction of silicon carbide is used as the reinforcing element to fabricate a MMC by stir casting process. The turning process parameters of Aluminium metal matrix composite (AMMC) considered in this work are cutting speed, feed, nozzle diameter and steam pressure and the responses surface roughness and tool wear. Taguchi technique is used in this research work to obtain optimum results and the S/N ratio is used as the quality characteristics and in this work L32 orthogonal array is used to conduct 32 experiments. It is observed that surface roughness of the AMMC is highly infl uenced by the nozzle diameter and it contributes to 19.87% and Tool wear of the AMMC is highly infl uenced by the steam pressure and it contributes to 7.12%.
{"title":"Optimization of Surface Roughness and Tool Wear during Machining of AMMC using Taguchi Technique","authors":"Srinivasan Surendran, T. Sundaram, S. Kumar P.","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.095","url":null,"abstract":"Metal matrix composite materials are used in several industrial applications due to its improved specifi c strength, capacity, good wear resistance, and high specifi c modulus and so on. In this work, the Aluminium alloy Al6061 is used as the matrix and 15% of volume fraction of silicon carbide is used as the reinforcing element to fabricate a MMC by stir casting process. The turning process parameters of Aluminium metal matrix composite (AMMC) considered in this work are cutting speed, feed, nozzle diameter and steam pressure and the responses surface roughness and tool wear. Taguchi technique is used in this research work to obtain optimum results and the S/N ratio is used as the quality characteristics and in this work L32 orthogonal array is used to conduct 32 experiments. It is observed that surface roughness of the AMMC is highly infl uenced by the nozzle diameter and it contributes to 19.87% and Tool wear of the AMMC is highly infl uenced by the steam pressure and it contributes to 7.12%.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87324180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chun-lan Zhang, Bo Zhang, X. Yang, Odeshnee Naicker, Lei Zhao
Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii is commonly known as the edible lily or sweet lily. Bulbs of this edible lily are frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine, and they are revered for their nutritional content. As of 2018, brown rot disease on cultivated L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii bulbs has become a disease of concern in Jilin Province, China, with a disease incidence of 29.43%. The bulbs infected with brown rot disease appear as large, regularly shaped, and yellow-brown or black-brown lesions. However, the causal agent is not yet known. Therefore, this study aims to confi rm both the causal pathogen by using Koch’s postulates and to further establish, to the species level, the identity of this organism via morphological and molecular methods. The pathogen was later identifi ed as Trichoderma hamatum. Healthy bulbs were inoculated with T. hamatum, which produced the initial disease symptoms with brown spots appearing at the inoculation sites; the same pathogen was then isolated again from diseased bulbs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fi rst report of bulb rot disease of cultivated L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii caused by T. hamatum in China. Our work may be benefi cial, especially for designing control measures for bulb rot disease in the commercial cultivation of L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii.
百合(Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii)通常被称为可食用百合或甜百合。这种可食用百合的球茎经常用于传统中医，它们因其营养成分而受到尊敬。截至2018年，栽培的lehtlinii var. maximowiczii鳞茎褐腐病已成为中国吉林省备受关注的病害，发病率为29.43%。感染褐腐病的鳞茎呈大而有规则的形状，呈黄棕色或黑棕色病变。然而，病因尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在利用Koch的假设来确认致病病原体，并通过形态学和分子方法进一步在物种水平上建立该生物的身份。这种病原体后来被鉴定为红木霉。健康鳞茎接种番茄红霉后，发病初期症状为接种部位出现褐色斑点;然后从患病的球茎中再次分离出相同的病原体。据我们所知，这是中国首次报道由番茄红霉(T. hamatum)引起的栽培L. leichtlinii变种鳞茎腐病。本文的研究成果可为我国商业栽培莴苣球茎腐病防治措施的设计提供参考。
{"title":"Brown Rot Disease Caused by Trichoderma hamatum on the Edible Lily, Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii","authors":"Chun-lan Zhang, Bo Zhang, X. Yang, Odeshnee Naicker, Lei Zhao","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.103","url":null,"abstract":"Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii is commonly known as the edible lily or sweet lily. Bulbs of this edible lily are frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine, and they are revered for their nutritional content. As of 2018, brown rot disease on cultivated L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii bulbs has become a disease of concern in Jilin Province, China, with a disease incidence of 29.43%. The bulbs infected with brown rot disease appear as large, regularly shaped, and yellow-brown or black-brown lesions. However, the causal agent is not yet known. Therefore, this study aims to confi rm both the causal pathogen by using Koch’s postulates and to further establish, to the species level, the identity of this organism via morphological and molecular methods. The pathogen was later identifi ed as Trichoderma hamatum. Healthy bulbs were inoculated with T. hamatum, which produced the initial disease symptoms with brown spots appearing at the inoculation sites; the same pathogen was then isolated again from diseased bulbs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fi rst report of bulb rot disease of cultivated L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii caused by T. hamatum in China. Our work may be benefi cial, especially for designing control measures for bulb rot disease in the commercial cultivation of L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79718133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has greatly pressed the need for novel therapeutics. One of the strategies bacteria use to enhance their resistance toward antibiotics is to embed themselves into polymeric matrices known as a biofi lm. Bacteria in a biofi lm state are highly resistant towards antibiotics and immune response, thereby more diffi cult to eradicate. Hence, antibiofi lm agents are considered an alternative strategy to unravel problems regarding bacterial antibiotic resistance. Our lab has focused on bacterial communication process called quorum sensing (QS), which is crucial for bacteria to conduct group behaviors such as biofi lm. Cysteine residue of LasR, key QS protein regulator, has been suggested to play an important role in QS-mediated biofi lm formation. In addition, cysteine-containing biomolecules have been implicated in bacterial pathogenesis. Herein, we explored the ability of thiol-reactive molecules for their ability to interfere with biofi lm formation in pathogenic Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). We hypothesized that the thiol-reactive molecules could potentially react with sulfhydryl group of cysteine residue of crucial QS enzyme or of cysteine-containing biomolecules that may lead to the reduce in the ability of the pathogen to form biofi lm. Carbonylacrylic compounds were previously reported to rapidly undergo thiol-Michael reaction with cysteine-containing proteins under physiological conditions. Total of three new carbonylacrylic derivatives were synthesized and tested for their anti-biofi lm activity. All synthesized compounds could inhibit biofi lm formation in a concentration-dependent manner without toxicity to bacteria. Derivative 1a exhibited the most potent antibiofi lm activity with IC50 of 85 μM.
{"title":"Carbonylacrylic Derivatives and Their Ability to Disrupt Biofi lm Formation","authors":"Pattarapon Pumirat, Thunchanok Tansutat, Chutima Jiarpinitnun","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.099","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has greatly pressed the need for novel therapeutics. One of the strategies bacteria use to enhance their resistance toward antibiotics is to embed themselves into polymeric matrices known as a biofi lm. Bacteria in a biofi lm state are highly resistant towards antibiotics and immune response, thereby more diffi cult to eradicate. Hence, antibiofi lm agents are considered an alternative strategy to unravel problems regarding bacterial antibiotic resistance. Our lab has focused on bacterial communication process called quorum sensing (QS), which is crucial for bacteria to conduct group behaviors such as biofi lm. Cysteine residue of LasR, key QS protein regulator, has been suggested to play an important role in QS-mediated biofi lm formation. In addition, cysteine-containing biomolecules have been implicated in bacterial pathogenesis. Herein, we explored the ability of thiol-reactive molecules for their ability to interfere with biofi lm formation in pathogenic Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). We hypothesized that the thiol-reactive molecules could potentially react with sulfhydryl group of cysteine residue of crucial QS enzyme or of cysteine-containing biomolecules that may lead to the reduce in the ability of the pathogen to form biofi lm. Carbonylacrylic compounds were previously reported to rapidly undergo thiol-Michael reaction with cysteine-containing proteins under physiological conditions. Total of three new carbonylacrylic derivatives were synthesized and tested for their anti-biofi lm activity. All synthesized compounds could inhibit biofi lm formation in a concentration-dependent manner without toxicity to bacteria. Derivative 1a exhibited the most potent antibiofi lm activity with IC50 of 85 μM.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84234820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a natural polymer accumulated in granules as intracellular energy storage in stress condition. The aim of this research was to isolate potential PHB producing bacteria from canned tuna wastewater activated sludge and cow dung. Five positive bacterial isolates were confi rmed the accumulation of PHB using lipophilic staining and TEM. To identify the bacterial species, the phylogenetic analyses inferred from 16S rDNA gene sequence demonstrated that the bacterial strains were closely related to Bacillus genera. The comparison of PHB production from bacterial isolates showed that SWU01 strain isolated from the activated sludge exhibited the highest yield of PHB production. The cultivation of SWU01 stain in optimization condition (modifi ed M9 medium supplemented with 2% sodium acetate and 0.5% yeast extract at pH 7 for 48 h) exhibited the yield of PHB up to 0.95 g/L or 7.5 compared with M9 medium supplemented with 2% glucose. Transmission electron micrograph showed high among of PHB in the granule of the bacterial cell. From all results, the bacterial strain SWU01, effi cient PHB producers, exhibited the potential for their utilization in commercial PHB production.
{"title":"Production of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Novel Bacillus megaterium SWU01 Isolated from Activated Sludge","authors":"Wisan Chuavong, Sirikwan Ponprateep, Pravech Ajawatanawong, Tipachai Vatanavicharn","doi":"10.12982/cmjs.2022.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.109","url":null,"abstract":"Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a natural polymer accumulated in granules as intracellular energy storage in stress condition. The aim of this research was to isolate potential PHB producing bacteria from canned tuna wastewater activated sludge and cow dung. Five positive bacterial isolates were confi rmed the accumulation of PHB using lipophilic staining and TEM. To identify the bacterial species, the phylogenetic analyses inferred from 16S rDNA gene sequence demonstrated that the bacterial strains were closely related to Bacillus genera. The comparison of PHB production from bacterial isolates showed that SWU01 strain isolated from the activated sludge exhibited the highest yield of PHB production. The cultivation of SWU01 stain in optimization condition (modifi ed M9 medium supplemented with 2% sodium acetate and 0.5% yeast extract at pH 7 for 48 h) exhibited the yield of PHB up to 0.95 g/L or 7.5 compared with M9 medium supplemented with 2% glucose. Transmission electron micrograph showed high among of PHB in the granule of the bacterial cell. From all results, the bacterial strain SWU01, effi cient PHB producers, exhibited the potential for their utilization in commercial PHB production.","PeriodicalId":9884,"journal":{"name":"Chiang Mai Journal of Science","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85431200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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