Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311784
Leyla Akhmedovna Gabibullaeva, A. Ramazanov
Nigella sativa L. is an annual herbaceous plant grown not only as an ornamental plant, but also has been used in folk medicine. N. sativa seeds are a source of biologically active substances. This paper provides an analysis of the quantitative content of fatty acids in samples of various ecological and geographical origin. It is shown that seeds grown in Dagestan are characterized by a relatively high content of fatty oil. The characteristics of the qualitative and quantitative composition of fatty acids, depending on their origin, are given. The highest content of linoleic and stearic fatty acids was found in the sample from Egypt. Palmitic acid was the highest in the sample from Saudi Arabia, and oleic acid was the highest in the sample from Azerbaijan. The revealed differences in the fat content are of great importance, since samples for breeding purposes can be selected on their basis. In particular, the sample from Azerbaijan showed relatively high levels of oleic acid, which generally contributes to the increase in the antioxidant activity of vegetable oil and lengthens of the keeping period.
{"title":"FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF NIGELLA SATIVA L. SEED OIL INTRODUCED IN DAGESTAN","authors":"Leyla Akhmedovna Gabibullaeva, A. Ramazanov","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311784","url":null,"abstract":"Nigella sativa L. is an annual herbaceous plant grown not only as an ornamental plant, but also has been used in folk medicine. N. sativa seeds are a source of biologically active substances. This paper provides an analysis of the quantitative content of fatty acids in samples of various ecological and geographical origin. It is shown that seeds grown in Dagestan are characterized by a relatively high content of fatty oil. The characteristics of the qualitative and quantitative composition of fatty acids, depending on their origin, are given. The highest content of linoleic and stearic fatty acids was found in the sample from Egypt. Palmitic acid was the highest in the sample from Saudi Arabia, and oleic acid was the highest in the sample from Azerbaijan. The revealed differences in the fat content are of great importance, since samples for breeding purposes can be selected on their basis. In particular, the sample from Azerbaijan showed relatively high levels of oleic acid, which generally contributes to the increase in the antioxidant activity of vegetable oil and lengthens of the keeping period.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311736
Alla Nikolayevna Zhuravskaya, Igor' Vital'yevich Sleptsov
The biochemical composition of primary and secondary metabolites of Tagetes patula flowers grown on the territory of Yakutia and Ivanovo region was studied. It has been shown that the content of essential nutrients such as proteins, lipids and water-soluble polysaccharides in T. patula flowers varied insignificantly. The qualitative composition of monosaccharides of water-soluble polysaccharides, the amino acid composition of proteins and the fatty acid composition of lipids did not differ in all the studied samples. The monosaccharide composition of water-soluble polysaccharides, the fatty acid composition of lipids, the amino acid composition of the proteins of T. patula flowers grown in Yakutia and the Ivanovo region have been established. In all studied samples of T. patula flowers, the following phenolic compounds were identified: tocopherol, isorhamnetin, laricitrin, quinine, gallic, chlorogenic and ellagic acids, as well as the following terpenoids: stigmasterol, sitosterol, α- and β-amirin. According to the research results, it was shown that the place of collection of T. patula flowers for the subsequent production of biologically active additives from them does not have a significant effect on their biochemical composition.
{"title":"BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TAGETES PATULA FLOWERS GROWN IN YAKUTIA AND IVANOVO REGION","authors":"Alla Nikolayevna Zhuravskaya, Igor' Vital'yevich Sleptsov","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311736","url":null,"abstract":"The biochemical composition of primary and secondary metabolites of Tagetes patula flowers grown on the territory of Yakutia and Ivanovo region was studied. It has been shown that the content of essential nutrients such as proteins, lipids and water-soluble polysaccharides in T. patula flowers varied insignificantly. The qualitative composition of monosaccharides of water-soluble polysaccharides, the amino acid composition of proteins and the fatty acid composition of lipids did not differ in all the studied samples. The monosaccharide composition of water-soluble polysaccharides, the fatty acid composition of lipids, the amino acid composition of the proteins of T. patula flowers grown in Yakutia and the Ivanovo region have been established. In all studied samples of T. patula flowers, the following phenolic compounds were identified: tocopherol, isorhamnetin, laricitrin, quinine, gallic, chlorogenic and ellagic acids, as well as the following terpenoids: stigmasterol, sitosterol, α- and β-amirin. According to the research results, it was shown that the place of collection of T. patula flowers for the subsequent production of biologically active additives from them does not have a significant effect on their biochemical composition.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311676
Yana Vadimovna Sokolova, V. Mirovich, D. N. Olennikov, Lyubov' Vissarionovna Dudareva
In the Siberian region, the genus Leonurus is represented by 7 species, in the territory of the Irkutsk region Leonurus deminutus V. Krecz. is widespread. This plant is used in folk medicine in the form of infusion, tincture, juice for anxiety disorders, irritability, insomnia, hypertension and is promising for introduction into pharmaceutical practice. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to study the composition and content of the main biologically active substances (flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and iridoids) of the aerial part of L. deminutus. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method was used for the analysis. According to the results of the study, the presence of 20 phenolic compounds in the aerial organs of L. deminutus was determined, of which 11 substances were isolated and identified for the first time: 4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid, caffeoylmalic acid (isomer 9), rutin, nicotiflorin, isoquercitrin, leonosides A and B, astragalin, apigenin-5-O-glucoside, genkwanin-5-O-glucoside. The quantitative determination of the established phenolic compounds was carried out by the MC-HPLC-UV method. It was found that in the aerial part of L. deminutus contains amounts of flavonoids in the amount of 13.76 mg/g and phenylpropanoids 75.4 mk/g. The analysis of the iridoid profile of L. deminutus was carried out using the HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method. For the first time, the following iridoids were discovered and established for the aerial part of L. deminutus: harpagid, the isomer of ayugol, 8-acetylgarpagid and ayugoside. According to the literature, these substances are characteristic of other representatives of the genus Leonurus, which was confirmed by us by comparative analysis of alcohol extracts of L. deminutus and L. cardiaca by TLC.
在西伯利亚地区，Leonurus 属有 7 个物种，在伊尔库茨克州境内，Leonurus deminutus V. Krecz.分布广泛。这种植物在民间医药中以浸剂、酊剂、果汁的形式用于治疗焦虑症、烦躁、失眠、高血压，并有望引入医药实践。因此，本研究的目的是研究 L. deminutus 气生部分的主要生物活性物质（黄酮类、苯丙类和鸢尾类）的组成和含量。采用 HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS 方法进行分析。根据研究结果，确定了 20 种酚类化合物存在于 L. deminutus 的气生器官中，其中 11 种物质为首次分离和鉴定：4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid、5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid、caffeoylmalic acid（异构体 9）、rutin、nicotiflorin、isoquercitrin、leonosides A 和 B、astragalin、apigenin-5-O-glucoside、genkwanin-5-O-glucoside。采用 MC-HPLC-UV 法对已确定的酚类化合物进行了定量测定。结果发现，L. deminutus 的气生部分含有 13.76 mg/g 的黄酮类化合物和 75.4 mk/g 的苯丙类化合物。采用 HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS 方法分析了 L. deminutus 的铱类特征。首次在 L. deminutus 的气生部分发现并确定了以下铱类化合物：harpagid、ayugol 的异构体、8-乙酰garpagid 和 ayugoside。根据文献记载，这些物质是 Leonurus 属其他代表植物的特征，我们通过对 L. deminutus 和 L. cardiaca 的醇提取物进行 TLC 比较分析，证实了这一点。
{"title":"PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND IRIDOIDS OF THE AERIAL PART OF LEONURUS DEMINUTUS V. KRECZ. (LA-MIACEAE)","authors":"Yana Vadimovna Sokolova, V. Mirovich, D. N. Olennikov, Lyubov' Vissarionovna Dudareva","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311676","url":null,"abstract":"In the Siberian region, the genus Leonurus is represented by 7 species, in the territory of the Irkutsk region Leonurus deminutus V. Krecz. is widespread. This plant is used in folk medicine in the form of infusion, tincture, juice for anxiety disorders, irritability, insomnia, hypertension and is promising for introduction into pharmaceutical practice. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to study the composition and content of the main biologically active substances (flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and iridoids) of the aerial part of L. deminutus. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method was used for the analysis. According to the results of the study, the presence of 20 phenolic compounds in the aerial organs of L. deminutus was determined, of which 11 substances were isolated and identified for the first time: 4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid, caffeoylmalic acid (isomer 9), rutin, nicotiflorin, isoquercitrin, leonosides A and B, astragalin, apigenin-5-O-glucoside, genkwanin-5-O-glucoside. The quantitative determination of the established phenolic compounds was carried out by the MC-HPLC-UV method. It was found that in the aerial part of L. deminutus contains amounts of flavonoids in the amount of 13.76 mg/g and phenylpropanoids 75.4 mk/g. The analysis of the iridoid profile of L. deminutus was carried out using the HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS method. For the first time, the following iridoids were discovered and established for the aerial part of L. deminutus: harpagid, the isomer of ayugol, 8-acetylgarpagid and ayugoside. According to the literature, these substances are characteristic of other representatives of the genus Leonurus, which was confirmed by us by comparative analysis of alcohol extracts of L. deminutus and L. cardiaca by TLC.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230312153
L. Rybashlykova, S. N. Sivceva, T. F. Mahovikova
The article presents the results of an assessment of the chemical composition and nutritional value of the most common vegetation of various life forms (trees, semi-shrubs, perennial grasses) in the forest pastures of the semi-desert zone of the Northwestern Caspian Sea. The research was carried out on forested pasture areas of the Neftekumsky district of the Stavropol Territory. The basis of the research was the laboratory-field method. The twig-leaf and herbaceous phytomass of forest pastures, in accordance with its chemical indicators of organic matter content, meets zootechnical requirements. The maximum protein content is observed in spring in the woody greenery of Ulmus pumila (at the level of 18.19%) and decreases in autumn (17.4%). In addition, it was found that the twig-leaf mass of Ulmus pumila has a relatively high feed value (0.68 f.u., 8.5 Mj, digestible protein 62.67 g/kg) than herbaceous species and is a large reserve in forest pastures during drought or absence of herbaceous vegetation before the establishment of snow cover. As a result of the research, it was also found that during the dry period (summer) in the grass-grass and grass-grass phytocenoses, there is a low protein content (less than 10%) and a high fiber content (34.0–35.13%). The nutritional value of plants in general on man–made forest pastures is 0.25–0.68 fodder units, while 1 kg of feed contains 31.0–78.48 g of digestible protein. The fat content in the analyzed plants in the territory under consideration is small (1.10–4.23%), and the content of nitrogen-free extractives is quite high (30.44–65.2%) regardless of the season of the year. According to the content of macronutrients, a deficiency of phosphorus (P) was detected according to the norms. Accordingly, with constant grazing of animals in these areas, it is necessary to additionally include feed additives containing this element in the diet for the prevention of deficiency and diseases.
{"title":"CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PLANTS AS A FACTOR IN ASSESSING THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FOREST PASTURES OF THE NORTH-WESTERN CASPIAN SEA","authors":"L. Rybashlykova, S. N. Sivceva, T. F. Mahovikova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230312153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230312153","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of an assessment of the chemical composition and nutritional value of the most common vegetation of various life forms (trees, semi-shrubs, perennial grasses) in the forest pastures of the semi-desert zone of the Northwestern Caspian Sea. The research was carried out on forested pasture areas of the Neftekumsky district of the Stavropol Territory. The basis of the research was the laboratory-field method. The twig-leaf and herbaceous phytomass of forest pastures, in accordance with its chemical indicators of organic matter content, meets zootechnical requirements. The maximum protein content is observed in spring in the woody greenery of Ulmus pumila (at the level of 18.19%) and decreases in autumn (17.4%). In addition, it was found that the twig-leaf mass of Ulmus pumila has a relatively high feed value (0.68 f.u., 8.5 Mj, digestible protein 62.67 g/kg) than herbaceous species and is a large reserve in forest pastures during drought or absence of herbaceous vegetation before the establishment of snow cover. As a result of the research, it was also found that during the dry period (summer) in the grass-grass and grass-grass phytocenoses, there is a low protein content (less than 10%) and a high fiber content (34.0–35.13%). The nutritional value of plants in general on man–made forest pastures is 0.25–0.68 fodder units, while 1 kg of feed contains 31.0–78.48 g of digestible protein. The fat content in the analyzed plants in the territory under consideration is small (1.10–4.23%), and the content of nitrogen-free extractives is quite high (30.44–65.2%) regardless of the season of the year. According to the content of macronutrients, a deficiency of phosphorus (P) was detected according to the norms. Accordingly, with constant grazing of animals in these areas, it is necessary to additionally include feed additives containing this element in the diet for the prevention of deficiency and diseases.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"268 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230312008
L. V. Yurtayeva, Yuri D. Alashkevich, Evgeniy Vyacheslavovich Kaplev, Dar'ya Yur'yevna Vasilyeva, Elena A. Slizikova
Of the various methods for obtaining microcrystalline cellulose (mechanical, chemical, thermomechanical, planting cellulose in powder form from its solutions), the most common is acid hydrolysis of cellulose. The difficulty of obtaining MCC from vegetable raw materials is that, in addition to cellulose, it contains in its composition such compounds as lignin, hemicelluloses, various extractive substances and an insignificant percentage of minerals. When grinding plant fibers in an aqueous medium, both a purely mechanical process of changing the size and shape of fibers and a colloidal chemical process called fiber hydration occurs. Mechanical phenomena are expressed in the shortening of fibers, their longitudinal splitting into fibrils, an increase in the outer surface and the number of free hydroxyl groups on their surface. The term hydration refers to colloidal chemical phenomena that begin with the swelling of hydrophilic plant fibers. The paper considers methods for obtaining microcrystalline cellulose and factors influencing the development of a fibrous suspension isolated from coniferous wood species in a grinding plant with inertial bodies. Multiphysical models of the flow of fibrous suspension in the installation are constructed. A study of the effect of grinding a fibrous suspension on the process of obtaining fine cellulose was carried out. The indicators of the finished product are given. The change in the degree of polymerization of cellulose that has previously passed the grinding stage, with different degrees of grinding according to the Shopper-Rigler, is analyzed. Data on cost reduction and resource savings (acid concentration, temperature and processing time) in the process of obtaining fine cellulose are presented.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE FLOW OF A FIBROUS SUSPENSION IN A GRINDING PLANT IN THE PRODUCTION OF FINE CELLULOSE","authors":"L. V. Yurtayeva, Yuri D. Alashkevich, Evgeniy Vyacheslavovich Kaplev, Dar'ya Yur'yevna Vasilyeva, Elena A. Slizikova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230312008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230312008","url":null,"abstract":"Of the various methods for obtaining microcrystalline cellulose (mechanical, chemical, thermomechanical, planting cellulose in powder form from its solutions), the most common is acid hydrolysis of cellulose. The difficulty of obtaining MCC from vegetable raw materials is that, in addition to cellulose, it contains in its composition such compounds as lignin, hemicelluloses, various extractive substances and an insignificant percentage of minerals. When grinding plant fibers in an aqueous medium, both a purely mechanical process of changing the size and shape of fibers and a colloidal chemical process called fiber hydration occurs. Mechanical phenomena are expressed in the shortening of fibers, their longitudinal splitting into fibrils, an increase in the outer surface and the number of free hydroxyl groups on their surface. The term hydration refers to colloidal chemical phenomena that begin with the swelling of hydrophilic plant fibers. The paper considers methods for obtaining microcrystalline cellulose and factors influencing the development of a fibrous suspension isolated from coniferous wood species in a grinding plant with inertial bodies. Multiphysical models of the flow of fibrous suspension in the installation are constructed. A study of the effect of grinding a fibrous suspension on the process of obtaining fine cellulose was carried out. The indicators of the finished product are given. The change in the degree of polymerization of cellulose that has previously passed the grinding stage, with different degrees of grinding according to the Shopper-Rigler, is analyzed. Data on cost reduction and resource savings (acid concentration, temperature and processing time) in the process of obtaining fine cellulose are presented.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311868
Shamsiyat Abdulmedzhidovna Balayeva, A. Ramazanov
The work is devoted to the determination of water-soluble vitamins in the fruits of milk thistle, which grows naturally in some areas of the Republic of Dagestan, differing from each other by natural and climatic conditions: Suleiman Stalsky, Kaitagsky, Magaramkent, Levashinsky and Kulinsky districts. Phenotypic factors (altitude above sea level, soil composition, number of sunny days, precipitation volume, humidity, average daytime temperature, etc.) affected the vitamin composition of milk thistle fruits growing in natural conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography in gradient elution mode was used to determine water-soluble vitamins in milk thistle fruit samples. Nine water-soluble vitamins in milk thistle fruits (ascorbic acid, vitamins B and PP) have been identified and quantified. The variability of the content of water-soluble vitamins in the fruits of wild milk thistle, depending on the growing conditions, has been established. Statistical analysis of the data array on vitamin composition showed the presence of not only significant symbate and asymmetric correlations of the type Y=aX+b (pair correlation coefficient |R|≥0.55), but also close natural correlations (|R|≥0.80) between the content of certain vitamins and individual phenotypic factors.
这项工作致力于测定奶蓟草果实中的水溶性维生素，奶蓟草自然生长在达吉斯坦共和国的一些地区，这些地区因自然和气候条件而各不相同：苏莱曼-斯塔尔斯基区、凯塔格斯基区、马格拉姆肯特区、列瓦辛斯基区和库林斯基区。表型因素（海拔高度、土壤成分、晴天数、降水量、湿度、白天平均温度等）影响着自然条件下生长的奶蓟果的维生素成分。采用梯度洗脱模式的高效液相色谱法测定了奶蓟果样品中的水溶性维生素。鉴定并量化了奶蓟果中的九种水溶性维生素（抗坏血酸、维生素 B 和 PP）。确定了野生奶蓟草果实中水溶性维生素含量的变化取决于生长条件。对维生素组成数据阵列的统计分析表明，某些维生素的含量与单个表型因子之间不仅存在显著的Y=aX+b型共生和非对称相关关系（对相关系数|R|≥0.55），而且还存在密切的自然相关关系（|R|≥0.80）。
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS IN MILK THISTLE FRUITS GROWING NATURALLY IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN","authors":"Shamsiyat Abdulmedzhidovna Balayeva, A. Ramazanov","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311868","url":null,"abstract":"The work is devoted to the determination of water-soluble vitamins in the fruits of milk thistle, which grows naturally in some areas of the Republic of Dagestan, differing from each other by natural and climatic conditions: Suleiman Stalsky, Kaitagsky, Magaramkent, Levashinsky and Kulinsky districts. Phenotypic factors (altitude above sea level, soil composition, number of sunny days, precipitation volume, humidity, average daytime temperature, etc.) affected the vitamin composition of milk thistle fruits growing in natural conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography in gradient elution mode was used to determine water-soluble vitamins in milk thistle fruit samples. Nine water-soluble vitamins in milk thistle fruits (ascorbic acid, vitamins B and PP) have been identified and quantified. The variability of the content of water-soluble vitamins in the fruits of wild milk thistle, depending on the growing conditions, has been established. Statistical analysis of the data array on vitamin composition showed the presence of not only significant symbate and asymmetric correlations of the type Y=aX+b (pair correlation coefficient |R|≥0.55), but also close natural correlations (|R|≥0.80) between the content of certain vitamins and individual phenotypic factors.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311849
N. A. Kovaleva, O. V. Trineeva, I. V. Chuvikova, Elena Feodorovna Safonova
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a promising medicinal plant for harvesting not only fruits, but also leaves as a medicinal plant raw material (MPRМ). Leaf extracts have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, adaptogenic and immunostimulatory properties due to the complex of biologically active substances (BAS) (tannins, organic acids and flavonoids), which confirms their value as MPRM for the development of herbal medicines (HMP) on their basis. The aim of the work was to study the composition of organic acids (including amino acids) of sea buckthorn leaves of various phenological phases of the harvest. The object of the study is the dried leaves of sea buckthorn of three phenological phases of plant life (I – the phase of fruit set, II – the phase of single fruit ripening, III – the phase of mass ripening of fruits) collected on the territory of the Voronezh region and dried leaves of sea buckthorn in 2021. The objectives of the study included a comprehensive study of the composition of the fraction of organic acids in leaves (free and bound) using the methods of chemical and physicochemical analysis. The data obtained showed that, in general, the qualitative composition of the BAS of the group of acids of the studied leaf phenophases is similar to each other, but differs quantitatively. For the harvesting of this medicinal product on an industrial scale, from the point of view of the content of the total organic acids, the harvesting phase can be recommended, since early deleafing can lead to a decrease in the accumulation of valuable BAS groups in fruits – the source of the pharmacopoeial preparation «Oil of Hippophaës».
沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides L.）是一种前景广阔的药用植物，不仅可以收获果实，还可以收获叶片作为药用植物原料（MPRМ）。由于含有生物活性物质（BAS）（单宁酸、有机酸和黄酮类化合物），叶提取物具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒、适应性和免疫刺激特性，这证实了其作为 MPRM 的价值，可在此基础上开发草药（HMP）。这项工作的目的是研究不同采收物候期沙棘叶的有机酸（包括氨基酸）成分。研究对象是在沃罗涅日州境内采集的植物生命三个物候期（I - 座果期、II - 单果成熟期、III - 果实大量成熟期）的沙棘干叶和 2021 年的沙棘干叶。研究目标包括利用化学和物理化学分析方法对叶片中有机酸部分（游离和结合）的组成进行全面研究。所获得的数据表明，一般来说，所研究的叶片表相的酸类 BAS 的定性组成彼此相似，但定量不同。从总有机酸含量的角度来看，可以建议在工业规模上采收这种药用产品，因为早期脱叶会导致果实中宝贵的 BAS 组积累减少，而果实正是药典制剂 "海马油 "的来源。
{"title":"STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN THE LEAVES OF THE SEA BUCKTHORN OF THE CIR-CULAR (HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.)","authors":"N. A. Kovaleva, O. V. Trineeva, I. V. Chuvikova, Elena Feodorovna Safonova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311849","url":null,"abstract":"Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a promising medicinal plant for harvesting not only fruits, but also leaves as a medicinal plant raw material (MPRМ). Leaf extracts have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, adaptogenic and immunostimulatory properties due to the complex of biologically active substances (BAS) (tannins, organic acids and flavonoids), which confirms their value as MPRM for the development of herbal medicines (HMP) on their basis. The aim of the work was to study the composition of organic acids (including amino acids) of sea buckthorn leaves of various phenological phases of the harvest. The object of the study is the dried leaves of sea buckthorn of three phenological phases of plant life (I – the phase of fruit set, II – the phase of single fruit ripening, III – the phase of mass ripening of fruits) collected on the territory of the Voronezh region and dried leaves of sea buckthorn in 2021. The objectives of the study included a comprehensive study of the composition of the fraction of organic acids in leaves (free and bound) using the methods of chemical and physicochemical analysis. The data obtained showed that, in general, the qualitative composition of the BAS of the group of acids of the studied leaf phenophases is similar to each other, but differs quantitatively. For the harvesting of this medicinal product on an industrial scale, from the point of view of the content of the total organic acids, the harvesting phase can be recommended, since early deleafing can lead to a decrease in the accumulation of valuable BAS groups in fruits – the source of the pharmacopoeial preparation «Oil of Hippophaës».","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230313031
Eduard L'vovich Akim
The article provides a detailed review of the book by E.I. Chupka "Redox transformations of lignin and carbohydrates in alkaline wood processing". The facts of the history of the formation of the scientific school of E.I. Chupka and its influence on modern research in the field of wood chemistry.
{"title":"MANUSCRIPTS DO NOT BURN... AND DO NOT AGE... REVIEW OF THE BOOK OF DOCTOR OF CHEMISTRY, PROFESSOR EDUARD IMERIKHOVICH CHUPKA \"REDOX TRANSFORMATIONS OF LIGNIN AND CARBOHY-DRATES DURING ALKALINE TREATMENTS OF WOOD\"","authors":"Eduard L'vovich Akim","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230313031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230313031","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a detailed review of the book by E.I. Chupka \"Redox transformations of lignin and carbohydrates in alkaline wood processing\". The facts of the history of the formation of the scientific school of E.I. Chupka and its influence on modern research in the field of wood chemistry.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311761
E. Tyutkova, S. Loskutov, D. Dorzhiev
Woody vegetation growth conditions have marked effects on hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin formation. In this study, we analyzed the climatic responses of these major cell wall polymers in Betula tortuosa. We studied 35 annual rings (1980–2015) of Betula Tortuosa Ledeb. trees growing in the alpine forest-tundra of Kuznetsk Ala Tau using and pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Our analysis of the correlation of the resulting spectra and Py-GC/MS values with mean air temperature and precipitation showed that the polymeric composition of Betula Tortuosa Ledeb. was mainly determined by June-August climate. The major factor limiting the development of the “unique” cell wall polymer composition of Betula Tortuosa Ledeb. found in alpine forest-tundra of Kuznetsk Ala Tau was a deficit of heat. At the end of the growing season, precipitation had largely a negative impact on polymer formation in Betula Tortuosa Ledeb. cell walls. We believe that Py-GC/MS is an effective approach to quantifying the consequences of current climate trends for Siberian forest ecosystems.
{"title":"SEASONAL CHEMICAL STRUCTURE VARIABILITY IN BETULA TORTUOSA LEDEB. TREE RINGS IN ALPINE FOREST-TUNDRA OF KUZNETSK ALA TAU MOUNTAINS","authors":"E. Tyutkova, S. Loskutov, D. Dorzhiev","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311761","url":null,"abstract":"Woody vegetation growth conditions have marked effects on hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin formation. In this study, we analyzed the climatic responses of these major cell wall polymers in Betula tortuosa. We studied 35 annual rings (1980–2015) of Betula Tortuosa Ledeb. trees growing in the alpine forest-tundra of Kuznetsk Ala Tau using and pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Our analysis of the correlation of the resulting spectra and Py-GC/MS values with mean air temperature and precipitation showed that the polymeric composition of Betula Tortuosa Ledeb. was mainly determined by June-August climate. The major factor limiting the development of the “unique” cell wall polymer composition of Betula Tortuosa Ledeb. found in alpine forest-tundra of Kuznetsk Ala Tau was a deficit of heat. At the end of the growing season, precipitation had largely a negative impact on polymer formation in Betula Tortuosa Ledeb. cell walls. We believe that Py-GC/MS is an effective approach to quantifying the consequences of current climate trends for Siberian forest ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Birch bark contains extractive substances of the lupan types that have pharmacological activity and are of interest for obtaining new medicines. The predominant component of external birch bark extracts is pentacyclic triterpene alcohol - betulin. Allobetulin (19,28-epoxy-oleanan-3-ol) is an isomer of betulin and belongs to the pentacyclic triterpenoids of the oleanane types. Allobetulin and its derivatives are non-toxic compounds and they have antiviral, antimicrobial and antitumor activities. A new one-step method for producing allobetulin directly from birch bark by combining the stages of betulin extraction with ethanol and its isomerization into allobetulin in the presence of phosphoric acid catalyst was developed. The effect of the duration of birch bark treatment with ethanol and H3PO4 content on the yield of allobetulin was esteblished. The highest yield of crude allobetulin (35% by weight of a.s.b.) is achieved at a process duration of 8 hours in the presence of 5% H3PO4 and also at a duration of 15 hours in the presence of 3% H3PO4. The yield of recrystallized allobetulin is about 22% of the weight of absolutely dry birch bark. The composition of the allobetulin sample after recrystallization from isopropanol was confirmed by elemental analysis and its structure by – IRS and 1H NMR methods. The antioxidant properties of allobetulin were established in vivo and in vitro experiments.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF THE ONE-STEP METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALLOBETULIN FROM BIRCH BARK AND STUDY OF ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY","authors":"Yevgeniya Sergeyevna Skurydina, Natal'ya Yur'yevna Vasil'yeva, Svetlana Alekseyevna Kuznetsova, Nadezhda Mitrofanovna Titova, Boris Nikolayevich Kuznetsov","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230313179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230313179","url":null,"abstract":"Birch bark contains extractive substances of the lupan types that have pharmacological activity and are of interest for obtaining new medicines. The predominant component of external birch bark extracts is pentacyclic triterpene alcohol - betulin. Allobetulin (19,28-epoxy-oleanan-3-ol) is an isomer of betulin and belongs to the pentacyclic triterpenoids of the oleanane types. Allobetulin and its derivatives are non-toxic compounds and they have antiviral, antimicrobial and antitumor activities. A new one-step method for producing allobetulin directly from birch bark by combining the stages of betulin extraction with ethanol and its isomerization into allobetulin in the presence of phosphoric acid catalyst was developed. The effect of the duration of birch bark treatment with ethanol and H3PO4 content on the yield of allobetulin was esteblished. The highest yield of crude allobetulin (35% by weight of a.s.b.) is achieved at a process duration of 8 hours in the presence of 5% H3PO4 and also at a duration of 15 hours in the presence of 3% H3PO4. The yield of recrystallized allobetulin is about 22% of the weight of absolutely dry birch bark. The composition of the allobetulin sample after recrystallization from isopropanol was confirmed by elemental analysis and its structure by – IRS and 1H NMR methods. The antioxidant properties of allobetulin were established in vivo and in vitro experiments.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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