Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-05-04DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126148
Chuanjun Yuan, Ming Li, Meng Wang, Jiaming Lv, Yifei Sun, Tianyi Lu, Yuxin Jia, Haijun Cao, Tianchun Lin
Latent fingerprints, as one of the most frequently encountered traces in crime scene investigation and also one of the largest sources of forensic evidence, can play a critical role in determining the identity of a person who may be involved in a crime. Due to the invisible characteristic of latent fingerprints, exploring efficient techniques to visualize them (especially the ones resided on metallic surfaces) while retain the biological and chemical information (e.g., touch DNA) has become a multidisciplinary research focus. Herein we reported a new and highly sensitive electrochemical interfacial strategy of simultaneously developing and enhancing latent fingerprints on stainless steel based on synchronous electrodeposition and electrochromism of manganese oxides in a neutral aqueous electrolyte. By utilizing a specially designed device for electrochemical testing and image capture, a series of electrochemical measurements, physical characterization and image analysis have been applied to evaluate the feasibility, development accuracy and enhancement efficacy of the proposed electrochemical system. The qualitative and quantitative analysis on the in situ and ex situ fingerprint images indicates that the three levels of fingerprint features can be precisely developed and effectively enhanced. Forensic DNA typing has also been performed to reveal actual impact of the proposed electrochemical system on subsequent analysis of touch DNA in fingerprint residues. The ratio of detected loci after electrochemical treatment reaches up to 98.5 %, showing non-destructive nature of this fingerprint development and enhancement technique.
隐性指纹是犯罪现场调查中最常见的痕迹之一,也是最大的法医证据来源之一,在确定犯罪嫌疑人的身份方面起着至关重要的作用。由于潜伏指纹具有不可见的特点,因此探索有效的技术使其可视化(尤其是存在于金属表面的指纹),同时保留生物和化学信息(如触摸 DNA)已成为多学科研究的重点。在此,我们报告了一种新型、高灵敏度的电化学界面策略,该策略基于锰氧化物在中性水电解质中的同步电沉积和电致色,可同时显现和增强不锈钢上的潜在指纹。利用专门设计的电化学测试和图像捕捉装置,进行了一系列电化学测量、物理表征和图像分析,以评估拟议电化学系统的可行性、显影精度和增强效果。对原位和非原位指纹图像进行的定性和定量分析表明,三个层次的指纹特征都能得到精确开发和有效增强。此外,还进行了法医 DNA 分型,以揭示拟议的电化学系统对指纹残留物中触摸 DNA 的后续分析的实际影响。经过电化学处理后,检测到的基因位点比例高达 98.5%,显示了这种指纹显影和增强技术的非破坏性。
{"title":"Non-destructive and simultaneous development and enhancement of latent fingerprints on stainless steel based on the electrochromic effect of electrodeposited manganese oxides.","authors":"Chuanjun Yuan, Ming Li, Meng Wang, Jiaming Lv, Yifei Sun, Tianyi Lu, Yuxin Jia, Haijun Cao, Tianchun Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Latent fingerprints, as one of the most frequently encountered traces in crime scene investigation and also one of the largest sources of forensic evidence, can play a critical role in determining the identity of a person who may be involved in a crime. Due to the invisible characteristic of latent fingerprints, exploring efficient techniques to visualize them (especially the ones resided on metallic surfaces) while retain the biological and chemical information (e.g., touch DNA) has become a multidisciplinary research focus. Herein we reported a new and highly sensitive electrochemical interfacial strategy of simultaneously developing and enhancing latent fingerprints on stainless steel based on synchronous electrodeposition and electrochromism of manganese oxides in a neutral aqueous electrolyte. By utilizing a specially designed device for electrochemical testing and image capture, a series of electrochemical measurements, physical characterization and image analysis have been applied to evaluate the feasibility, development accuracy and enhancement efficacy of the proposed electrochemical system. The qualitative and quantitative analysis on the in situ and ex situ fingerprint images indicates that the three levels of fingerprint features can be precisely developed and effectively enhanced. Forensic DNA typing has also been performed to reveal actual impact of the proposed electrochemical system on subsequent analysis of touch DNA in fingerprint residues. The ratio of detected loci after electrochemical treatment reaches up to 98.5 %, showing non-destructive nature of this fingerprint development and enhancement technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":435,"journal":{"name":"Talanta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1016/j.yapd.2024.02.005
Keisha N Adams, Elizabeth Hovel
Eating Disorders are psychiatric conditions that can manifest clinically as malnutrition due to restrictive eating and weight control behaviors or obesity due to binge eating. Eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa have peak onset during adolescence and young adulthood. This population is at the highest risk due to psychosocial changes surrounding identity development and body image that occurs during this life-stage. Though binge eating disorder and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder are not characterized by body image overvaluation, peak onset is also during adolescence and young adulthood.
{"title":"Eating Disorders: All that a Pediatrician Should Know.","authors":"Keisha N Adams, Elizabeth Hovel","doi":"10.1016/j.yapd.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yapd.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eating Disorders are psychiatric conditions that can manifest clinically as malnutrition due to restrictive eating and weight control behaviors or obesity due to binge eating. Eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa have peak onset during adolescence and young adulthood. This population is at the highest risk due to psychosocial changes surrounding identity development and body image that occurs during this life-stage. Though binge eating disorder and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder are not characterized by body image overvaluation, peak onset is also during adolescence and young adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":53689,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Pediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-05-03DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126195
Kevin U Antela, Davide Palma, Angel Morales-Rubio, M Luisa Cervera, Alessandra Bianco Prevot
A cheap and easy to use Arduino self-assembled automatic system was employed to continuously monitor the hydrogen peroxide consumption during the photo-Fenton degradation of caffeine, selected as model target compound. The automatic system made it possible to measure the H2O2 concentration in the reaction cell via a colorimetric reaction and to take samples for HPLC analysis minimising the operator manual intervention and exposure to UV radiation. The obtained results were compared in terms of LOD and LOQ with H2O2 measurements manually performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, evidencing better analytical performance when using the automatic system; LOD and LOQ were respectively 0.032 mM and 0.106 mM for the automatic system against 0.064 mM and 0.213 mM for UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Furthermore, the photo-Fenton treatment was optimised by means of a Design of Experiments (DoE) investigating the effect of added H2O2 concentration, iron concentration and caffeine initial concentration on system performances. The use of the automatic device for such monitoring provided several advantages: automation (with consequent reduction of the workload), measurement increased precision, reduced reagents consumption and waste production in agreement with the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry.
{"title":"Automated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> monitoring during photo-Fenton processes using an Arduino self-assembled automatic system.","authors":"Kevin U Antela, Davide Palma, Angel Morales-Rubio, M Luisa Cervera, Alessandra Bianco Prevot","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A cheap and easy to use Arduino self-assembled automatic system was employed to continuously monitor the hydrogen peroxide consumption during the photo-Fenton degradation of caffeine, selected as model target compound. The automatic system made it possible to measure the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration in the reaction cell via a colorimetric reaction and to take samples for HPLC analysis minimising the operator manual intervention and exposure to UV radiation. The obtained results were compared in terms of LOD and LOQ with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> measurements manually performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, evidencing better analytical performance when using the automatic system; LOD and LOQ were respectively 0.032 mM and 0.106 mM for the automatic system against 0.064 mM and 0.213 mM for UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Furthermore, the photo-Fenton treatment was optimised by means of a Design of Experiments (DoE) investigating the effect of added H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> concentration, iron concentration and caffeine initial concentration on system performances. The use of the automatic device for such monitoring provided several advantages: automation (with consequent reduction of the workload), measurement increased precision, reduced reagents consumption and waste production in agreement with the principles of Green Analytical Chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":435,"journal":{"name":"Talanta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, Ti3C2 QDs and Fe-ZIF-8 were synthesized by a straightforward hydrothermal method. Fe-ZIF-8 was pyrolyzed at high temperatures to obtain Fe-nanoclusters (Fe-NC). Then Fe-NC is mixed with Ti3C2 QDs to form a new composite material (Ti3C2 QDs/Fe-NC), and its microstructure and composition were analyzed by technology. The proposed material can detect acetaminophen (PA) and P-aminophenol (4-AP) simultaneously with excellent detection performance. With the best conditions, the linear ranges and detection limits were 0.50-210.00 μM, 0.03 μM (S/N = 3) and 0.50-150.00 μM, 0.06 μM (S/N = 3) for PA and 4-AP, respectively. The sensor has lower detection limits and wider linear ranges, and can successfully detect 4-AP and PA in river water and acetaminophen tablets at the same time, showing potential practical application prospects. Especially, this study reports the modification of MOF derivatives with Ti3C2 QDs for the first time, which expands the application scope of Quantum Dots and MOF derivatives.
{"title":"Detection of acetaminophen and P-aminophenol simultaneously by an electrochemical sensor based on Fe-NC derivatives attached with Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> QDs.","authors":"Jinjin Zhang, Sumin Xu, Wenjing Liu, Qi Wang, Jianying Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> QDs and Fe-ZIF-8 were synthesized by a straightforward hydrothermal method. Fe-ZIF-8 was pyrolyzed at high temperatures to obtain Fe-nanoclusters (Fe-NC). Then Fe-NC is mixed with Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> QDs to form a new composite material (Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> QDs/Fe-NC), and its microstructure and composition were analyzed by technology. The proposed material can detect acetaminophen (PA) and P-aminophenol (4-AP) simultaneously with excellent detection performance. With the best conditions, the linear ranges and detection limits were 0.50-210.00 μM, 0.03 μM (S/N = 3) and 0.50-150.00 μM, 0.06 μM (S/N = 3) for PA and 4-AP, respectively. The sensor has lower detection limits and wider linear ranges, and can successfully detect 4-AP and PA in river water and acetaminophen tablets at the same time, showing potential practical application prospects. Especially, this study reports the modification of MOF derivatives with Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> QDs for the first time, which expands the application scope of Quantum Dots and MOF derivatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":435,"journal":{"name":"Talanta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We have developed an innovative optical emission spectrometry imaging device integrating a diode laser for sample introduction and an atmospheric pressure plasma based on dielectric barrier discharge for atomization and excitation. By optimizing the device parameters and ensuring appropriate leaf moisture, we achieved effective imaging with a lateral resolution as low as 50 μm. This device allows for tracking the accumulation of Cd and related species such as K, Zn, and O2+∙, in plant leaves exposed to different Cd levels and culture times. The results obtained are comparable to established in-lab imaging and quantitative methods. With its features of compact construction, minimal sample preparation, ease of operation, and low limit of detection (0.04 μg/g for Cd), this novel methodology shows promise as an in-situ elemental imaging tool for interdisciplinary applications.
{"title":"Development of an atmospheric pressure plasma-based OES device for in-situ mapping of Cd and related elements in plants.","authors":"Chaoqun Geng, Tiantian Zhang, Zheng Dong, Yuan Lu, Biao Ma, Yuan Xu, Zhao Yang, Shuai Liang, Xuelu Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have developed an innovative optical emission spectrometry imaging device integrating a diode laser for sample introduction and an atmospheric pressure plasma based on dielectric barrier discharge for atomization and excitation. By optimizing the device parameters and ensuring appropriate leaf moisture, we achieved effective imaging with a lateral resolution as low as 50 μm. This device allows for tracking the accumulation of Cd and related species such as K, Zn, and O<sub>2</sub><sup>+∙</sup>, in plant leaves exposed to different Cd levels and culture times. The results obtained are comparable to established in-lab imaging and quantitative methods. With its features of compact construction, minimal sample preparation, ease of operation, and low limit of detection (0.04 μg/g for Cd), this novel methodology shows promise as an in-situ elemental imaging tool for interdisciplinary applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":435,"journal":{"name":"Talanta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hyphenation of electrochemical methods and optical methods in a single portable device is expected to be a challenging combination to enhance the information which can be gained on complex chemical systems. In this paper, a low-cost spectrophotometric device based on low-cost electronics integrated with an electroanalytical cell equipped with a screen printed electrode (SPE) and assembled exploiting a DIY approach, is presented. This easy to use device allowed spectrophotometric and electroanalytical measurements to be performed simultaneously providing simultaneous information and enabling concomitant comparison and autovalidation of the results collected. The analytical robustness and precision of the proposed system was successfully tested on solutions containing mixtures of Patent Blue (E-131) and Brilliant Blue (Erioglaucine E-133), two food dyes displaying optical and redox properties very similar to each other.
{"title":"Lab-on kit: A 3D printed portable device for optical and electrochemical dual-mode detection.","authors":"Cristian Grazioli, Elisa Lanza, Michele Abate, Gino Bontempelli, Nicolò Dossi","doi":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hyphenation of electrochemical methods and optical methods in a single portable device is expected to be a challenging combination to enhance the information which can be gained on complex chemical systems. In this paper, a low-cost spectrophotometric device based on low-cost electronics integrated with an electroanalytical cell equipped with a screen printed electrode (SPE) and assembled exploiting a DIY approach, is presented. This easy to use device allowed spectrophotometric and electroanalytical measurements to be performed simultaneously providing simultaneous information and enabling concomitant comparison and autovalidation of the results collected. The analytical robustness and precision of the proposed system was successfully tested on solutions containing mixtures of Patent Blue (E-131) and Brilliant Blue (Erioglaucine E-133), two food dyes displaying optical and redox properties very similar to each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":435,"journal":{"name":"Talanta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140846460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30Epub Date: 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139039
Long Wang, Ziting Huo, Wenbo Xu, Peina Zhou, Wenxiang Nan, Huijun Guo, Qianwen Zhang, Peng Yang, Raphael N Alolga, Xiaojian Yin, Ping Li, Xu Lu
Euphorbiae Humifusae Herba (EHH) was provided with medicinal and edible uses, but frequently was adulterated with its closely related species. Hence, this study sought to identify EHH via an integrated approach comprising data from its morphological evaluation, HPLC analysis, comparative plastomes analysis and allele-specific PCR identification. First, the morphological characteristics of 8 subgenus Chamaesyce plants were summarized. Then, HPLC analysis showed that 18 batches of EHH were adulterated or unqualified. Furthermore, the plastomes of the 8 subg. Chamaesyce species were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a sister relationship among the 8 subg. Chamaesyce species. The allele-specific PCR authentication was developed by the nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions or deletions (InDels) analysis. The results of allele-specific PCR showed that 27 batches of EHH were adulterated, indicating that the superior sensitivity of molecular authentication over the other methods used. This study provided a reference for rational use and phylogenetic research of EHH.
{"title":"Comparative plastomes of eight subgenus Chamaesyce plants and system authentication of Euphorbiae Humifusae Herba.","authors":"Long Wang, Ziting Huo, Wenbo Xu, Peina Zhou, Wenxiang Nan, Huijun Guo, Qianwen Zhang, Peng Yang, Raphael N Alolga, Xiaojian Yin, Ping Li, Xu Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Euphorbiae Humifusae Herba (EHH) was provided with medicinal and edible uses, but frequently was adulterated with its closely related species. Hence, this study sought to identify EHH via an integrated approach comprising data from its morphological evaluation, HPLC analysis, comparative plastomes analysis and allele-specific PCR identification. First, the morphological characteristics of 8 subgenus Chamaesyce plants were summarized. Then, HPLC analysis showed that 18 batches of EHH were adulterated or unqualified. Furthermore, the plastomes of the 8 subg. Chamaesyce species were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a sister relationship among the 8 subg. Chamaesyce species. The allele-specific PCR authentication was developed by the nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions or deletions (InDels) analysis. The results of allele-specific PCR showed that 27 batches of EHH were adulterated, indicating that the superior sensitivity of molecular authentication over the other methods used. This study provided a reference for rational use and phylogenetic research of EHH.</p>","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Influence of the crystallinity on the physicochemical properties of spray-dried quercetin-inulin microparticles and their performance during in vitro digestion\" [Food Chemistry Volume 434 (2024) 137325].","authors":"Alejandra Quintriqueo-Cid, Begoña Giménez, Patricio Romero-Hasler, Eduardo Soto-Bustamante, Jesús Lozano-Sánchez, Paz Robert","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-20Epub Date: 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172882
Thomas P A Nijman, Quint van Giersbergen, Tom S Heuts, Reinder Nouta, Coline C F Boonman, Mandy Velthuis, Bart Kruijt, Ralf C H Aben, Christian Fritz
Peatlands store vast amounts of carbon (C). However, land-use-driven drainage causes peat oxidation, resulting in CO2 emission. There is a growing need for ground-truthing CO2 emission and its potential drivers to better quantify long-term emission trends in peatlands. This will help improve National Inventory Reporting and ultimately aid the design and verification of mitigation measures. To investigate regional drivers of CO2 emission, we estimated C budgets using custom-made automated chamber systems measuring CO2 concentrations corrected for carbon export and import. Chamber systems were rotated among thirteen degraded peatland pastures in Friesland (the Netherlands). These peatlands varied in water table depth (WTD), drainage-irrigation management (fixed regulated ditch water level (DWL), subsurface irrigation, furrow irrigation, or dynamic regulated DWL), and soil moisture. We investigated (1) whether drainage-irrigation management and related hydrological drivers could explain variation in C budgets, (2) how nighttime ecosystem respiration (Reconight) related to hydrological drivers, and (3) how C budgets compared with estimates from Tier 1 and Tier 2 models regularly used in National Inventory Reporting. Deep-drained peatlands largely overlapped with C budgets from shallow-drained peatlands. The variation in C budgets could not be explained with drainage-irrigation measures or annual WTD, likely because of high variation between sites. Reconightincreased from 85 to 250 kg CO2 ha-1 day-1 as the WTD dropped from 0 to 50 cm across all sites. A deeper WTD had no apparent effect on Reconight, which could be explained by the unimodal relationship we found between Reconight and soil moisture. Finally, C budgets estimated by Tier 1 emission factors and Tier 2 national models mismatched the between-site and between-year variation found in chamber-based estimated NECBs. To conclude, our study showed that shallow WTDs greatly determine C budgets and that regional C budgets, which can be accurately measure with periodic automated chamber measurements, are instrumental for model validation.
泥炭地储存了大量的碳(C)。然而,土地使用驱动的排水会导致泥炭氧化,造成二氧化碳排放。为了更好地量化泥炭地的长期排放趋势,对二氧化碳排放及其潜在驱动因素进行地面实况调查的需求与日俱增。这将有助于改进国家清单报告,并最终帮助设计和验证减排措施。为了研究二氧化碳排放的区域驱动因素,我们使用定制的自动室系统测量二氧化碳浓度,并对碳进出口进行校正,从而估算二氧化碳预算。试验室系统在弗里斯兰(荷兰)的 13 个退化泥炭地牧场中轮流使用。这些泥炭地的地下水位深度(WTD)、排水灌溉管理(固定调节沟渠水位(DWL)、地下灌溉、沟灌或动态调节 DWL)和土壤湿度各不相同。我们研究了:(1)排水灌溉管理和相关水文驱动因素是否可以解释碳预算的变化;(2)夜间生态系统呼吸(Reconight)与水文驱动因素的关系;(3)碳预算与国家清单报告中经常使用的一级和二级模型估算值的比较。深排水泥炭地与浅排水泥炭地的碳预算基本重叠。排水灌溉措施或年度 WTD 无法解释 C 预算的变化,这可能是因为不同地点之间的差异很大。在所有地点,随着 WTD 从 0 厘米降到 50 厘米,Reconight 从 85 kg CO2 ha-1 day-1 增加到 250 kg CO2 ha-1 day-1。更深的 WTD 对Reconight 没有明显影响,这可以用我们发现的Reconight 与土壤湿度之间的单模关系来解释。最后,根据一级排放因子和二级国家模型估算的碳预算与基于室估算的 NECB 中发现的站点间和年份间变化不匹配。总之,我们的研究表明,浅层 WTD 在很大程度上决定了 C 预算,而区域 C 预算可以通过定期自动测量室测量来精确测量,这对模型验证非常重要。
{"title":"Drainage effects on carbon budgets of degraded peatlands in the north of the Netherlands.","authors":"Thomas P A Nijman, Quint van Giersbergen, Tom S Heuts, Reinder Nouta, Coline C F Boonman, Mandy Velthuis, Bart Kruijt, Ralf C H Aben, Christian Fritz","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peatlands store vast amounts of carbon (C). However, land-use-driven drainage causes peat oxidation, resulting in CO<sub>2</sub> emission. There is a growing need for ground-truthing CO<sub>2</sub> emission and its potential drivers to better quantify long-term emission trends in peatlands. This will help improve National Inventory Reporting and ultimately aid the design and verification of mitigation measures. To investigate regional drivers of CO<sub>2</sub> emission, we estimated C budgets using custom-made automated chamber systems measuring CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations corrected for carbon export and import. Chamber systems were rotated among thirteen degraded peatland pastures in Friesland (the Netherlands). These peatlands varied in water table depth (WTD), drainage-irrigation management (fixed regulated ditch water level (DWL), subsurface irrigation, furrow irrigation, or dynamic regulated DWL), and soil moisture. We investigated (1) whether drainage-irrigation management and related hydrological drivers could explain variation in C budgets, (2) how nighttime ecosystem respiration (R<sub>eco</sub><sup>night</sup>) related to hydrological drivers, and (3) how C budgets compared with estimates from Tier 1 and Tier 2 models regularly used in National Inventory Reporting. Deep-drained peatlands largely overlapped with C budgets from shallow-drained peatlands. The variation in C budgets could not be explained with drainage-irrigation measures or annual WTD, likely because of high variation between sites. R<sub>eco</sub><sup>night</sup>increased from 85 to 250 kg CO<sub>2</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> day<sup>-1</sup> as the WTD dropped from 0 to 50 cm across all sites. A deeper WTD had no apparent effect on R<sub>eco</sub><sup>night</sup>, which could be explained by the unimodal relationship we found between R<sub>eco</sub><sup>night</sup> and soil moisture. Finally, C budgets estimated by Tier 1 emission factors and Tier 2 national models mismatched the between-site and between-year variation found in chamber-based estimated NECBs. To conclude, our study showed that shallow WTDs greatly determine C budgets and that regional C budgets, which can be accurately measure with periodic automated chamber measurements, are instrumental for model validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15Epub Date: 2024-05-12DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173142
Jingbo Mao, Yan Zhang, Shujun Bie, Zimin Han, Jihong Song, Rongmin Ye, Hongtao Wang, Fangqun Yu, Yangzhou Wu, Dantong Liu
Marine fuel combustion from shipping releases SO2 and forms sulfate particles, which may alter low cloud characteristics. A series of strategies were implemented to control the sulfur content of ship fuel oil from 2018 to 2020, offering insights into the effects of the ship fuel oil transition on sulfur-related pollutants and the consequent cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere. Compared to 2018 in the southeast China waters, shipping SO2 emission decreased by 78 % in 2020, resulting in a 76 % reduction in ship-related total sulfur concentration, and a decrease of 54 % in CCN number concentration under supersaturation 0.2 % (CCN0.2) contributed by shipping. The response of CCN0.2 to ship-related sulfate modification is more pronounced in relatively clean environments than polluted environments, highlighting the uneven changes in coastal CCN along the Eastern China Sea induced by the ship fuel policies. CCN can trigger the formation of cloud droplets, 2020 fuel regulation may have and will reduce the cooling radiative forcing effect with strong spatial heterogeneity. The study provides insights into the variations in coastal atmospheric sulfur-related pollutants and CCN in uneven response to changes in ship fuel oil, prompting the need for further comprehensive assessments of the climate effects resulting from potential shifts in ship fuel use in the future.
{"title":"Modifications on the coastal atmospheric sulfur and cloud condensation nuclei along the Eastern China seas by shipping fuel transition.","authors":"Jingbo Mao, Yan Zhang, Shujun Bie, Zimin Han, Jihong Song, Rongmin Ye, Hongtao Wang, Fangqun Yu, Yangzhou Wu, Dantong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine fuel combustion from shipping releases SO<sub>2</sub> and forms sulfate particles, which may alter low cloud characteristics. A series of strategies were implemented to control the sulfur content of ship fuel oil from 2018 to 2020, offering insights into the effects of the ship fuel oil transition on sulfur-related pollutants and the consequent cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere. Compared to 2018 in the southeast China waters, shipping SO<sub>2</sub> emission decreased by 78 % in 2020, resulting in a 76 % reduction in ship-related total sulfur concentration, and a decrease of 54 % in CCN number concentration under supersaturation 0.2 % (CCN0.2) contributed by shipping. The response of CCN0.2 to ship-related sulfate modification is more pronounced in relatively clean environments than polluted environments, highlighting the uneven changes in coastal CCN along the Eastern China Sea induced by the ship fuel policies. CCN can trigger the formation of cloud droplets, 2020 fuel regulation may have and will reduce the cooling radiative forcing effect with strong spatial heterogeneity. The study provides insights into the variations in coastal atmospheric sulfur-related pollutants and CCN in uneven response to changes in ship fuel oil, prompting the need for further comprehensive assessments of the climate effects resulting from potential shifts in ship fuel use in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140920654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}