Advanced Sensor Research最新文献

Electrochemical Biosensing

Electrochemical biosensing is a rapidly growing field within global healthcare research. In article 2300100, Matiar M. R. Howlader and co-workers provide a comprehensive review of the underlying principles and technological advancements in electrochemical sensing for health monitoring applications.

In human life, respiration serves as a crucial physiological signal. Continuous real-time respiration monitoring can provide valuable insights for the early detection and management of several respiratory diseases. High-sensitivity, noninvasive, comfortable, and long-term stable respiration devices are highly desirable. In spite of this, existing respiration sensors cannot provide continuous long-term monitoring due to the erosion from moisture, fluctuations in body temperature, and many other environmental factors. This research developed a wearable thermal-based respiration sensor made of cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) using a microfabrication process. The results showed that as a result of the Joule heating effect in the robustness 3C-SiC material, the sensor offered high sensitivity with the negative temperature coefficient of resistance of approximately 5,200ppmK^-1, an excellent response to respiration and long-term stability monitoring. Furthermore, by incorporating a deep learning model, this fabricated sensor can develop advanced capabilities to distinguish between the four distinct breath patterns: slow, normal, fast, and deep breathing, and provide an impressive classification accuracy rate of ≈ 99.7%. The results of this research represent a significant step in developing wearable respiration sensors for personal healthcare systems.

Flexible and stretchable tactile sensors are attracted in the fields of soft robotics, wearable electronics, and healthcare monitoring. The sensing performance of tactile sensors is commonly affected by external deformations like stretching, bending, and twisting, thus they may fail to function on deformable object surfaces. This paper presents a stretchable tactile sensor array using kirigami-patterned structural design and soft hinges to reduce the influences of deformation. The kirigami pattern of sensor array is parametrically studied to achieve the required expansion patterns. Laser engraving is employed to modify the micropillars on the force-sensitive rubber surface to increase the sensitivity. Characterization tests show that the sensor array has high sensitivity (≈1.49 × 10⁻¹ kPa⁻¹) for force sensing, and the stretching and bending deformation have almost negligible effects on sensing performance. Under 40% stretching or 180° bending conditions, the measured resistance changes (ΔR/R₀) is ≈0.03 and 0.06, respectively. To demonstrate the capability of developed sensor array, it is mounted on an expandable balloon surface for force detection. The recorded signals changed less than 1.5% during expanding process while rapidly rose under applied force, which indicated that the sensor array has the potential to effectively function on complex and deforming surfaces.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have garnered special attention as promising cancer biomarkers. Phenotypic changes of CTCs reveal invaluable information for oncologists in disease prognosis and adjusting their treatment options. Microfluidic technology has emerged as a promising tool for CTC isolation; however, two major hurdles remain to be solved in employing them in CTC analysis. First, a rapid CTC isolation scheme is needed to allow immediate use of patient samples for point-of-care treatment monitoring. Second, multiplexed and streamlined CTC imaging is needed to facilitate CTC detection. Here, a microfluidic CTC sequential trapping array (STA) is proposed which addresses these hurdles enabling pipette-based CTC isolation and simultaneous profiling of multiple CTC protein expressions. The STA device isolates CTCs based on their size difference from blood cells and increases sample processing throughput through its parallel design configuration. It successfully isolates CTC from a depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells sample of breast cancer patients with a high recovery rate of 80% and discriminates the number and types of CTCs in breast cancer based on their disease stage. These findings will open a new avenue in clinical translation of CTC profiling technologies. It will be an example for future translational developments in CTC-based cancer management.

As people increased emphasis on health problems, various wearable electronic devices are developed for sport-related activity monitoring. However, these reported sensors must be tightly attached on the body to record the photonic, electronic even chemical changes during exercise. Poor user experience hinders the rapid application of wearable sensors. Here, an all-printed perovskite photodetector for achieving non-contact sports motion monitoring is developed. 1D MAPbBr₃ arrays are printed with uniform orientation and strict crystallization via the droplet-manipulation printing strategy. Under the guidance of microarrays on the template, the perovskite-loaded droplet can be self-shaped into the linear confined liquid space for the next crystallization. 1D perovskite photodetectors with high responsivity (R, MAX: 198 A W⁻¹) and detectivity (D^*, MAX: 6.64 × 10¹³ Jones) can be utilized to detect changes in the ambient light intensity under the body during the push-up movement, achieving non-contact real-time monitoring of motions. The average accuracy of printed photodetectors to classify the collected push-up signals reaches 97.40%. This strategy provides a reference for further improving the sensing performance of wearable sensors, which also extends the application of sports monitoring.

Adv. Sensor Res. 2023, 2, 2200060

In the section “Acknowledgments”, we would like to add the sentence “R.B. acknowledges that this project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No 898571”. This sentence should be added after the sentence “L.B. acknowledges the support provided by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant DGE-2038238.”

The error was that there is a missing sentence acknowledging a funding source for the author R.B in the manuscript. The correction involves adding the requested sentence, and acknowledging the funding source for author R.B.

We apologize for this error. This sentence was not added by mistake. Thank you so much for your consideration.

Gold nanorods (AuNRs), 1D rod-shaped nanomaterials, hold a crucial role in sensing applications due to their distinct physicochemical properties, such as high surface area, efficient mass transfer, good biocompatibility, and anisotropic optical and electronic responses. This review outlines the most recent advancements in AuNRs research, offering a comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies. Subsequently, the potential of AuNRs in sensor applications is discussed, and for the first time, an innovative analysis of their application in the sensor field based on the aspect ratio of AuNRs is proposed. These sensing systems are utilized for detecting heavy metal ions, inorganic anions, small biomolecules, protein tumor markers, enzymes, and nucleic acids. Finally, the future research directions and challenges of AuNRs are addressed.

Equipping otherwise passive surfaces with electronic functionality enables advanced interactive robotics, consumer products, sensor skins, and structural health monitoring. Concurrently, the rapidly growing number of electronic devices fuels the search for sustainable materials and processes that aid in reducing electronic waste. Wood is CO₂-neutral, omnipresent in the construction industry, in furniture, musical instruments, or packaging, yet so far, its potential for direct integration with electronics remains largely unexplored. Complications arise as traditional methods of equipping wood with electronics often compromise structural integrity and thus limit applications requiring load-bearing capabilities. Here, seamless fabrication methods that allow the direct enhancement of wooden surfaces with electrically conducting structures, sensors, and microelectronic components based on screen printing of conducting inks or physical vapor deposition of thin metal films in conjunction with laser engraving are presented. Such electronic circuits imperceptibly operate on the surface of structural elements or as parts of decorative wooden furniture. These types of electronic wooden surfaces enable touch-sensing applications, monitoring temperature, or the curing of varnishes without compromising functionality and mechanical stability. This multidisciplinary approach opens up new avenues for the development of smart wooden structures with embedded electronics, revolutionizing the way it is monitored, controlled, and interacted with wood-based constructions.

Precision radiotherapy, such as targeted radioligand therapy, accentuates the precise delivery of radiation to tumor cells while limiting radiation damage to surrounding normal cells. Although recent clinical trial data has shown targeted radioligand therapy to have significant patient survival benefit, it is still unavoidable that the cancer cells will eventually adapt and develop radioresistance. Thus, the study of radiotherapy-induced changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for developing strategies to best overcome radioresistance. To this end, organ-on-chip (OOC) systems with integrative sensors represent cutting-edge pre-clinical models for miniaturized 3D modelling and profiling of the TME. This Review features OOC systems which have demonstrated feasibility for radiation-associated studies, as well as showcased the progress of different OOC systems for profiling core components of the TME. Furthermore, this Review discusses the knowledge gap in cancer-on-chip systems with integrative TME sensors for precision radiotherapy applications. It is anticipated that this Review can kickstart the propagation of new concepts and approaches to drive a new era of miniaturized sensors on OOC systems for precision radiotherapy.

Solid-state nanopore sensors, a type of resistive pulse sensing, achieve optimal signal-to-noise performance with a single nanopore. However, the processes involved in solid-state nanopore fabrication and subsequent measurements frequently lead to the formation of multiple nanopores, posing a challenge for precise detection. To address this issue, here, a novel and expedient technique to verify the presence of a single nanopore on a chip is developed. The methodology includes measuring the nanopore's conductance in solutions of various salt conditions, followed by a comparison of these results against a theoretical conductance model. This comparison is instrumental in distinguishing between single and multiple nanopores. Additionally, the study delves into various factors that influence the conductance curve, such as deviations in pore shape from the standard circle and inconsistencies in pore diameter. This approach significantly enhances the practical application of low-cost nanopore preparation techniques, particularly in scenarios like controlled breakdown nanopore fabrication, where the formation of multiple nanopores is a common concern.