Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.006
Yuan Luo, Hongyun Yue, Shiyuan Li
Objective To investigate the effect of budesonide on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats. Methods Thirty healthy adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into control group, LPS group and budesonide treated group, ten in each group.LPS (5 mg/kg) was given by intubation to establish ALI model in rats.In budesonide group, budesonide (500 μg/kg) was given through airway after LPS given for 24 hours.After 48 hours, the clearance rate of lung water and the ratio of wet to dry weight of lung were measured.The level of interleukin-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The histopathological changes of lung were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was observed by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with LPS group, the lung structure damage was alleviated, the infiltration of inflammatory cells decreased, alveolar fluid clearance increased significantly (all P<0.01), the ratio of wet to dry weight of lung decreased (P<0.05), the protein content and the exudation of neutrophils and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 decreased in budesonide treated group. Conclusions Budesonide has a protective effect on ALI rats induced by LPS.The mechanism may be associated with decreasing inflammation, reducing intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and enhancing alveolar fluid clearance. Key words: Acute lung injury; Lipopolysaccharides; Budesonide; Alveolar fluid clearance; Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1
{"title":"Effect of budesonide on lipopolysaccharides-induced acute lung injury in rats","authors":"Yuan Luo, Hongyun Yue, Shiyuan Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the effect of budesonide on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Thirty healthy adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into control group, LPS group and budesonide treated group, ten in each group.LPS (5 mg/kg) was given by intubation to establish ALI model in rats.In budesonide group, budesonide (500 μg/kg) was given through airway after LPS given for 24 hours.After 48 hours, the clearance rate of lung water and the ratio of wet to dry weight of lung were measured.The level of interleukin-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The histopathological changes of lung were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was observed by immunohistochemistry. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with LPS group, the lung structure damage was alleviated, the infiltration of inflammatory cells decreased, alveolar fluid clearance increased significantly (all P<0.01), the ratio of wet to dry weight of lung decreased (P<0.05), the protein content and the exudation of neutrophils and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 decreased in budesonide treated group. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Budesonide has a protective effect on ALI rats induced by LPS.The mechanism may be associated with decreasing inflammation, reducing intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and enhancing alveolar fluid clearance. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Acute lung injury; Lipopolysaccharides; Budesonide; Alveolar fluid clearance; Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90261766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.014
Jingyi Sun, Yabing Sun
High mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) is widely involved in various inflammatory response processes in the body.The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and some Toll-like receptors are its main receptors.A large number of studies have confirmed that HMGB1 can induce various physiological and pathological effects of inflammatory response, immune response, tumor occurrence through the RAGE receptor pathway, and participate in the occurrence and development of various diseases.HMGB1 is widely expressed in lung tissues, and HMGB1/RAGE signal has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of many chronic airway diseases.Especially in the occurrence and development of asthma, HMGB1/RAGE signal has been confirmed to play an important role in it, but the specific mechanism is still unclear.This article preliminarily explains the role of HMGB1/RAGE in respiratory diseases, especially asthma, and related research progress. Key words: HMGB1/RAGE signal; Respiratory diseases; Asthma
{"title":"HMGB1/RAGE signal and respiratory diseases and its research progress","authors":"Jingyi Sun, Yabing Sun","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"High mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) is widely involved in various inflammatory response processes in the body.The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and some Toll-like receptors are its main receptors.A large number of studies have confirmed that HMGB1 can induce various physiological and pathological effects of inflammatory response, immune response, tumor occurrence through the RAGE receptor pathway, and participate in the occurrence and development of various diseases.HMGB1 is widely expressed in lung tissues, and HMGB1/RAGE signal has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of many chronic airway diseases.Especially in the occurrence and development of asthma, HMGB1/RAGE signal has been confirmed to play an important role in it, but the specific mechanism is still unclear.This article preliminarily explains the role of HMGB1/RAGE in respiratory diseases, especially asthma, and related research progress. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000HMGB1/RAGE signal; Respiratory diseases; Asthma","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75117837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.004
Y. Ge, Nan Li, Yan Zhu, Shu-xian Jin
Objective To discuss the clinical manifestations, pathological features and imaging features of focal organizing pneumonia (FOP) in order to improve the understanding of the disease among clinicians. Methods The clinical data of 40 patients with FOP misdiagnosed as lung cancer in the People′s Hospital of Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestations, pathological features, imaging features, laboratory tests were analyzed. Results (1)Of the 40 patients with FOP, 34 cases were male, six cases were female, the age was 26-82 years old, and the average age of onset was (55.55± 10.52) years old.(2)In clinical manifestations, there were 21 cases of cough and expectoration, six cases of fever, 11 cases of hemoptysis, 12 cases of chest pain, and 14 cases had no any symptoms.(3)The lesions occurred in the field, middle and inner zones and in the lobes of the lungs.CT manifestations were varied.In addition to nodular shadow and solid change, there were lobulation, marginal burr sign, bronchial inflation sign, vacuole sign, uneven density, pleural traction and so on.There were 26 cases with lesions larger than 3 cm and 14 cases with lesions less than 3 cm.(4)A total of 8 patients underwent PET-CT examination, six patients showed different degrees of increased fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism, suggesting malignant lesions, two cases did not see increased fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism, considering inflammatory changes.(5)Among 40 patients, carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen199 and D-dimer were normal, neuron-specific enolase was increased in only one case.(6)Pathology results showed interstitial fibroplasia, alveolar cavity expansion, fibrous mucoid plug in the cavity, interstitial lymphocytic infiltration with lymphoid follicle formation.(7)Among the 40 surgical patients, one patient recurred after half a year. Conclusions FOP is relatively rare in clinic.Because of its special imaging manifestations, it is easily misdiagnosed.Clinicians need to constantly strengthen their understanding of FOP, and make comprehensive diagnosis through basic information, clinical manifestations, imaging performance, laboratory examination and pathological features, so as to reduce clinical misdiagnosis. Key words: Focal organic pneumonia; Clinical manifestations; Pathological features; Imaging features; Diagnostic errors
{"title":"Misdiagnosis analysis of 40 cases of focal organizing pneumonia","authors":"Y. Ge, Nan Li, Yan Zhu, Shu-xian Jin","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To discuss the clinical manifestations, pathological features and imaging features of focal organizing pneumonia (FOP) in order to improve the understanding of the disease among clinicians. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The clinical data of 40 patients with FOP misdiagnosed as lung cancer in the People′s Hospital of Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical manifestations, pathological features, imaging features, laboratory tests were analyzed. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000(1)Of the 40 patients with FOP, 34 cases were male, six cases were female, the age was 26-82 years old, and the average age of onset was (55.55± 10.52) years old.(2)In clinical manifestations, there were 21 cases of cough and expectoration, six cases of fever, 11 cases of hemoptysis, 12 cases of chest pain, and 14 cases had no any symptoms.(3)The lesions occurred in the field, middle and inner zones and in the lobes of the lungs.CT manifestations were varied.In addition to nodular shadow and solid change, there were lobulation, marginal burr sign, bronchial inflation sign, vacuole sign, uneven density, pleural traction and so on.There were 26 cases with lesions larger than 3 cm and 14 cases with lesions less than 3 cm.(4)A total of 8 patients underwent PET-CT examination, six patients showed different degrees of increased fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism, suggesting malignant lesions, two cases did not see increased fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism, considering inflammatory changes.(5)Among 40 patients, carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen199 and D-dimer were normal, neuron-specific enolase was increased in only one case.(6)Pathology results showed interstitial fibroplasia, alveolar cavity expansion, fibrous mucoid plug in the cavity, interstitial lymphocytic infiltration with lymphoid follicle formation.(7)Among the 40 surgical patients, one patient recurred after half a year. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000FOP is relatively rare in clinic.Because of its special imaging manifestations, it is easily misdiagnosed.Clinicians need to constantly strengthen their understanding of FOP, and make comprehensive diagnosis through basic information, clinical manifestations, imaging performance, laboratory examination and pathological features, so as to reduce clinical misdiagnosis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Focal organic pneumonia; Clinical manifestations; Pathological features; Imaging features; Diagnostic errors","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75202111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.011
Fangmao Shu, Ning Song
Aspiration pneumonia is one kind of respiratory disease with high morbidity, high recurrence rate and heavy medical burden.Despite the cognition of aspiration pneumonia has improved in these years, a consistent definition or diagnostic criteria of aspiration pneumonia still lacks.This article focuses on the definition, epidemiology, microbiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of aspiration pneumonia. Key words: Pneumonia, aspiration; Epidemiology; Microbiology; Pathophysiology; Diagnosis; Treatment
{"title":"Progress in aspiration pneumonia","authors":"Fangmao Shu, Ning Song","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"Aspiration pneumonia is one kind of respiratory disease with high morbidity, high recurrence rate and heavy medical burden.Despite the cognition of aspiration pneumonia has improved in these years, a consistent definition or diagnostic criteria of aspiration pneumonia still lacks.This article focuses on the definition, epidemiology, microbiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of aspiration pneumonia. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Pneumonia, aspiration; Epidemiology; Microbiology; Pathophysiology; Diagnosis; Treatment","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82455814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.012
Jieh-Juen Yu, Canglang Mou, D. Pan, Wencheng Yu
Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features refers to one of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia that has underlying autoimmune clinical characteristics but does not meet established criteria for connective tissue disease.With the development of the term and its diagnostic criteria, a series of cohort studies have been carried out in multi-centers around the world.Based on the domestic and foreign literatures in the past five years, this review discusses and summarizes the clinical manifestations, serology, morphology and other aspects, which may provide new ideas and insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Key words: Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features; Classification criteria; Progress
{"title":"Progresses of interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features","authors":"Jieh-Juen Yu, Canglang Mou, D. Pan, Wencheng Yu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features refers to one of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia that has underlying autoimmune clinical characteristics but does not meet established criteria for connective tissue disease.With the development of the term and its diagnostic criteria, a series of cohort studies have been carried out in multi-centers around the world.Based on the domestic and foreign literatures in the past five years, this review discusses and summarizes the clinical manifestations, serology, morphology and other aspects, which may provide new ideas and insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features; Classification criteria; Progress","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83704130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.015
X. Ji, Li Huang, Zhipeng Du, Weijie Li, Fushun Yang
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease with a low incidence in Asia.There are no epidemiological statistics on the incidence of CF in China.CF can lead to dysfunction in multi-system of the whole body.As a safe, fast and easy method, gene detection is becoming more and more important in CF diagnosis.However, the gene mutation spectrum of Chinese population has not yet been proposed.Multidisciplinary combination therapy and gene therapy are the new directions of CF study.At present, there are no guidelines and disease management suitable for the Chinese population.This article reviews the current situation, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, gene diagnosis and treatment in China. Key words: Cystic fibrosis; Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; Sweat chloride test; Gene diagnosis
{"title":"Progress of cystic fibrosis","authors":"X. Ji, Li Huang, Zhipeng Du, Weijie Li, Fushun Yang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease with a low incidence in Asia.There are no epidemiological statistics on the incidence of CF in China.CF can lead to dysfunction in multi-system of the whole body.As a safe, fast and easy method, gene detection is becoming more and more important in CF diagnosis.However, the gene mutation spectrum of Chinese population has not yet been proposed.Multidisciplinary combination therapy and gene therapy are the new directions of CF study.At present, there are no guidelines and disease management suitable for the Chinese population.This article reviews the current situation, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, gene diagnosis and treatment in China. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Cystic fibrosis; Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; Sweat chloride test; Gene diagnosis","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81808905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.002
Kangliang Zhang, Chang-Pan Liu, Bo Wang, Lin Ma, Jiyong Yang, Xizhou Guan
Objective To analyse the clinical characteristics of different drug-resistance genes (OXA-48 and KPC) of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, to find intrinsic differences and provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 44 patients infected by CRKP strain in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital from July 2013 to July 2015 were collected.Repetitive strains from the same patient were eliminated.According to the different kinds of enzymes produced by carbapenem, those patients were divided into KPC group and OXA-48 group.The clinical characteristics, the drug susceptibility results and other indicators of two groups were compared. Results 14 cases (31.8%) carried KPC enzyme, 21 cases (61.4%) carried OXA-48 enzyme, two cases (4.5%) carried IMP enzyme.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were no statistical differences between two groups in days of hospitalization before infection, proportions of intensive care unit stay, basic conditions, exposure to invasive interventions (central venous catheter, chest drainage tube, gastric tube, dialysis or continuous renal replacement therapy, tracheal intubation or tracheotomy), mechanical ventilation and endoscopic surgery, medications before confirmation of CRKP and 90-day all-cause mortality.The resistance rate of meropenem in OXA-48 group and KPC group was respectively 55.6% and 92.9%, there was statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.038). The resistance rate of imipenem in OXA-48 group and KPC group was respectively 66.7% and 100.0%, there was statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.041). Conclusions Due to resistance of multiple antibiotics, severe conditions and complicated complications, patients with CRKP infection have high mortality.There is no significant difference in clinical features between different genotypes of CRKP.The different genotypes of CRKP exhibit heterogeneous carbapenem resistance patterns.With the reference of drug-resistant gene status, clinical practice will be more precise. Key words: Klebsiella pneumoniae; Carbapenem; Clinical features
{"title":"Clinical characteristics of different drug-resistance genes of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in department of respiratory medicine","authors":"Kangliang Zhang, Chang-Pan Liu, Bo Wang, Lin Ma, Jiyong Yang, Xizhou Guan","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To analyse the clinical characteristics of different drug-resistance genes (OXA-48 and KPC) of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, to find intrinsic differences and provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A total of 44 patients infected by CRKP strain in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital from July 2013 to July 2015 were collected.Repetitive strains from the same patient were eliminated.According to the different kinds of enzymes produced by carbapenem, those patients were divided into KPC group and OXA-48 group.The clinical characteristics, the drug susceptibility results and other indicators of two groups were compared. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u000014 cases (31.8%) carried KPC enzyme, 21 cases (61.4%) carried OXA-48 enzyme, two cases (4.5%) carried IMP enzyme.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were no statistical differences between two groups in days of hospitalization before infection, proportions of intensive care unit stay, basic conditions, exposure to invasive interventions (central venous catheter, chest drainage tube, gastric tube, dialysis or continuous renal replacement therapy, tracheal intubation or tracheotomy), mechanical ventilation and endoscopic surgery, medications before confirmation of CRKP and 90-day all-cause mortality.The resistance rate of meropenem in OXA-48 group and KPC group was respectively 55.6% and 92.9%, there was statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.038). The resistance rate of imipenem in OXA-48 group and KPC group was respectively 66.7% and 100.0%, there was statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.041). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Due to resistance of multiple antibiotics, severe conditions and complicated complications, patients with CRKP infection have high mortality.There is no significant difference in clinical features between different genotypes of CRKP.The different genotypes of CRKP exhibit heterogeneous carbapenem resistance patterns.With the reference of drug-resistant gene status, clinical practice will be more precise. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Klebsiella pneumoniae; Carbapenem; Clinical features","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88954002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.010
Lingcen Qin
Phagocytosis is indispensable in the process of degradation, presentation, activation of adaptive immune response and clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.In the process of phagocytosis, the development of phagosome vesicles into mature phagosomes requires a series of processes including lysosomal fusion, lowering the pH in the cavity, activation of enzymes, and finally destroying phagocytic microorganisms.Phagocytes, such as monocytes and macrophages, participate in host defense by forming phagolysosomes, while Mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibits a significant ability to block the maturation of phagosomes, thus escaping the host defenses and eventually leading to the disease.This article reviews the research progress on the mechanism of inhibition of phagocyte-lysosome formation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in order to provide a reference for the early control of disease and the development of new drugs. Key words: Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Phagocyte-lysosome fusion
{"title":"Research Progress on mechanism of inhibition of phagosome-lysosome formation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"Lingcen Qin","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"Phagocytosis is indispensable in the process of degradation, presentation, activation of adaptive immune response and clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.In the process of phagocytosis, the development of phagosome vesicles into mature phagosomes requires a series of processes including lysosomal fusion, lowering the pH in the cavity, activation of enzymes, and finally destroying phagocytic microorganisms.Phagocytes, such as monocytes and macrophages, participate in host defense by forming phagolysosomes, while Mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibits a significant ability to block the maturation of phagosomes, thus escaping the host defenses and eventually leading to the disease.This article reviews the research progress on the mechanism of inhibition of phagocyte-lysosome formation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in order to provide a reference for the early control of disease and the development of new drugs. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Phagocyte-lysosome fusion","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86799073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-05DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.016
Hongwu Wang, Qinghao Cheng, L. Kong, Li Shen
Rigid bronchoscopy is an important tool for bronchoscope intervention, which can be performed under direct vision for a variety of operations.Bronchoscope intervention should be operated under intravenous anesthesia and jet ventilation.Anesthesia plays an important role in bronchoscope intervention.Based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery and clinical experiences, the author proposed enhanced recovery after bronchoscopy to accelerate the rapid rehabilitation development of bronchoscope intervention.In view of bronchoscope intervention, this article summarizes and discusses the best way of rigid bronchoscopy treatment from preoperative preparation, anesthesia, intraoperative operation and postoperative observation to improve the safety and comfort of perioperative patients and promote postoperative recovery of patients. Key words: Enhanced recovery after surgery; Bronchoscopes; Rigid bronchoscopy
{"title":"Application of enhanced recovery after bronchoscopy in interventional rigid bronchoscopy","authors":"Hongwu Wang, Qinghao Cheng, L. Kong, Li Shen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"Rigid bronchoscopy is an important tool for bronchoscope intervention, which can be performed under direct vision for a variety of operations.Bronchoscope intervention should be operated under intravenous anesthesia and jet ventilation.Anesthesia plays an important role in bronchoscope intervention.Based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery and clinical experiences, the author proposed enhanced recovery after bronchoscopy to accelerate the rapid rehabilitation development of bronchoscope intervention.In view of bronchoscope intervention, this article summarizes and discusses the best way of rigid bronchoscopy treatment from preoperative preparation, anesthesia, intraoperative operation and postoperative observation to improve the safety and comfort of perioperative patients and promote postoperative recovery of patients. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Enhanced recovery after surgery; Bronchoscopes; Rigid bronchoscopy","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77075855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.02.001
Yuqing Chen, Mingjie Wang, Hai Zhang, Feng Li, D. Zhu, Chengjian Lyu, Ping Chen
Objective To observe the relationship between the airway resistance (Raw) and activity-related dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods This was a prospective study with 180 patients with COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2017 stages Ⅰ-Ⅳ) who presented at the outpatient clinic of the Shanghai Chest Hospital and Shanghai general hospital, from December 2017 to March 2019.Spirometry testing and respiratory resistance components were measured by plethysmography after brochodilator (salbutamol 400 μg) inhalation. Results Compared with 42 healthy elder and 30 mild COPD patients, The first second forced expiratory volume and forced expiratory flow at 50% vital capacity in patients with GOLD stages Ⅱ-Ⅳ were significantly lower.The total airway resistance (Rtot), effective airway resistance (Reff), inspiratory airway resistance (Rinsp) and expiratory airway resistance (Rexp) of the moderate and severe COPD patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy elder group.The inspiratory capacity (IC) of patients with GOLD stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ is under 80% of the predicted value, which mMRC score was exceed 2.One patient (1.9%) with GOLD stageⅡ, 7(13.2%) patients with GOLD stage Ⅲ and 14(33.3%) patients with GOLD stage Ⅳ revealed inspiratory fraction (IC/TLC ratio) ≤25%. Conclusions Raw, especially expiratory airway resistance were obviously increased in stable moderate to severe COPD patients on account of the severe expiratory flow limitation. According to the aggravation of peripheral airway inflammation, activity-related dyspnea symptoms were more prone to occured in COPD patients with GOLD stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ, and IC/TLC ratio might more likely to be below 25%. Key words: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Airway resistance; Inspiratory fraction
{"title":"Relationships between airway resistances and activity-related dyspnea in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Yuqing Chen, Mingjie Wang, Hai Zhang, Feng Li, D. Zhu, Chengjian Lyu, Ping Chen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-436X.2020.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To observe the relationship between the airway resistance (Raw) and activity-related dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000This was a prospective study with 180 patients with COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2017 stages Ⅰ-Ⅳ) who presented at the outpatient clinic of the Shanghai Chest Hospital and Shanghai general hospital, from December 2017 to March 2019.Spirometry testing and respiratory resistance components were measured by plethysmography after brochodilator (salbutamol 400 μg) inhalation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Compared with 42 healthy elder and 30 mild COPD patients, The first second forced expiratory volume and forced expiratory flow at 50% vital capacity in patients with GOLD stages Ⅱ-Ⅳ were significantly lower.The total airway resistance (Rtot), effective airway resistance (Reff), inspiratory airway resistance (Rinsp) and expiratory airway resistance (Rexp) of the moderate and severe COPD patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy elder group.The inspiratory capacity (IC) of patients with GOLD stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ is under 80% of the predicted value, which mMRC score was exceed 2.One patient (1.9%) with GOLD stageⅡ, 7(13.2%) patients with GOLD stage Ⅲ and 14(33.3%) patients with GOLD stage Ⅳ revealed inspiratory fraction (IC/TLC ratio) ≤25%. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Raw, especially expiratory airway resistance were obviously increased in stable moderate to severe COPD patients on account of the severe expiratory flow limitation. According to the aggravation of peripheral airway inflammation, activity-related dyspnea symptoms were more prone to occured in COPD patients with GOLD stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ, and IC/TLC ratio might more likely to be below 25%. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Airway resistance; Inspiratory fraction","PeriodicalId":10004,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Asthma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74054134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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