Applied Research最新文献

Image zoom techniques play a crucial role in numerous applications, notably in biomedical imaging, where high-resolution visualization of fine details is essential. Traditional interpolation techniques often suffer from suboptimal image quality when the sampling rate is not adequately high. In this study, we systematically test and validate both adaptive and non-adaptive Sinc-based zoom technologies, utilizing the Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula (Sinc interpolation) and the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem (cardinal theorem of interpolation). Through experiments exploring various sampling rate and bandwidth combinations, we identify optimal parameter ranges for successful zoom and empirically elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Our results show that adaptive and non-adaptive Sinc-based zoom can achieve robust zoom, with the adaptive technique demonstrating superior performance, particularly when sampling rates significantly exceed the bandwidth. Here, we present the key contributions of our research: (1) determination of optimal parameter combinations for high-quality zoom, (2) explanation of the zoom mechanism through empirical analysis and (3) comparison of adaptive and non-adaptive Sinc-based zoom techniques. For the non-adaptive technique, the ideal bandwidth range is between 0.2 and 0.5 spatial frequency units (sfu). The corresponding sampling rate is between 0.4 and 1.4 sfu. The optimal range for the adaptive technique is attained with sampling rates in between 0.4 and 10 sfu. The implications of this study are discussed in the context of MRI reconstruction, where Sinc-based zoom technology can significantly enhance the visualization of small anatomical features.

Cactus pear popularly known as prickly pear, Findla, Nagphani or Hathlo thor in the local languages of India, possess many medicinal values. Traditionally this fruit has been utilized as therapeutic agent across various parts of the world to treat conditions such as asthma, anemia, wound infections, intestinal inflammation, and diabetes. It is valuable fruit because it contains important phytochemicals that promote human health. The nutritional profiling of the fruit extract revealed the presence of polyphenols, pigments, flavonoids, vitamins, carbohydrates, minerals, fibers and water content, all of which offer potential health benefits. Therefore, considering the cactus pear fruit's nutritional quality, medicinal values and potential for its application in diverse food products development, this review highlights the composition of cactus pear fruit, medicinal properties and utilizations in the production of a wide range of food items, including juices, beverages, jams, jellies, sirups, concentrates, natural colorants, functional dairy-based products, and fermented foods.

The presented study probing a green Indian borage leaves (IBL) mediated synthesis of MoO₃ and La-MoO₃ nanoparticles by combustion method offers a unique, cost-effective, and stable semiconductor for hetero-junction photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications. The structural confirmation of synthesized materials were well examined by various spectral technique viz; X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-visible spectral analysis. The crystallinity and average particle sizes of prepared nanoparticles were ascertained by XRD studies. The impact of La doping on surface morphology for MoO₃ nanoparticles were discussed using SEM-EDX technique. The observed energy band gap for La-MoO₃ photocatalyst is 3.59 eV, and their absolute electronegativity was determined to be 1.5 eV using Milliken's electronegativity equation. The greater photo-degradation ability of La-MoO₃ photocatalyst on Methylene blue (MB) than Rhodamine B (RhB) dye under UV-light irradiation was examined. The results display the degradation of MB and RhB dye were found to be 85.8% than 79.7% respectively for 140 min and its follows a pseudo-first-order kinetics (kinetic rate of 0.03367 min⁻¹). I-V characterization of perovskite solar cells fabricated by La doped nanoparticles pretenses a better result with its open-circuit voltage (OCV) found to be 0.71 V and an efficiency of 1.33%. The short circuit current density (SCD) of the PSC fabricated with La-doped material was determined to be 4.789 mA/cm² This experimental measurements directs a route for photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications of various nano-semiconductor materials.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as cutting-edge technology in photovoltaic domain, offering a promising avenue for cost-effective and efficient solar energy conversion. The use of guanidinium cation (GA⁺) as A-site dopant is demonstrated herein to modify the properties of FA-Cs perovskite film, particularly FA_0.83Cs_0.17PbI₃, resulting in an improved performance for photovoltaic applications. In this work, we aim to investigate the impact of GA doping on electronic, structural and optical properties of resultant perovskite material. The successful formation of perovskite structure has been confirmed by both X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The XRD results reveal that GA content plays a pivotal role in improving the film quality while suppressing the formation of residual PbI₂ precursor. Furthermore, the high absorbance and reduced band gap caused by GA doping have been investigated with the help of UV-Vis spectroscopy. The surface chemistry and defect states of prepared perovskites are examined using XPS. The DFT simulations also validate the experimental findings, confirming electronic structure and band gap of the studied material. Our findings highlight the potential of GA-doped FA-Cs perovskite in revolutionizing the photovoltaic scenario, paving a path towards highly efficient, robust and next-generation solar cells.

Herein, to enhance the universal applicability of the photoreduction of graphene oxide (GO), the capacity of Type II photoinitiators to reduce GO under irradiation of 395 nm LED, along with the underlying photoreduction mechanism are investigated. The results demonstrate that certain photoinitiators, including thiaxanthone and anthraquinone, can effectively reduce GO within 15 min, albeit with varying reduction efficiencies. When 4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDB) is employed as a hydrogen donor, isopropylthioanthrone (ITX) exhibits the optimal reduction performance, with the C/O atomic ratio of the reduced sample increasing from 2.11 to 4.83. In addition, a hypothesis regarding the mechanism of GO photoreduction by photoinitiator is proposed, and the occurrence of electron transfer reactions from photoinitiator to GO is verified. For photoinitiators that cannot undergo thermodynamically feasible electron transfer with GO, their actual reduction effect is indeed inferior. Furthermore, RGO/photoresist conductive coatings and patterns with conductivities of 0.17 and 0.78 S cm⁻¹, respectively, are successfully prepared via in situ polymerization. Notably, the photoinitiator improves the conductivity of the composites through photoinduced in situ reduction of GO to reduced graphene oxide (RGO), indicating that this strategy for preparing graphene composites has wide application prospects in fields such as photocurable coatings.

Huge discharge of dying effluents and their high hazard impact represent a serious threat to the ecosystem. So, this article aims to eliminate the cationic dye malachite green (MG) from an aquatic medium. This study introduces a novel, green, and cost-effective ball milling approach to synthesize nanomagneto-graphene oxide (NMGO) nanocomposites with enhanced adsorption capacity for dye removal, showcasing superior performance compared to conventional methods. Characterization of NMGO nanosorbent was performed via X-ray diffractometer, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy linked to electron dispersive X-ray, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer measurements. The maximum MG dye adsorption capacity of NMGO nanosorbent was evaluated as a function of ball milling time interval, Fe₃O₄ percentage, solution pH, dye concentration, temperature, NMGO dosage, and agitation time. Several mathematical isothermal and kinetic simulations were employed to model the data obtained from experiments and evaluate the superior adsorption abilities of NMGO (in mg/g). The NMGO nanocomposite exhibited a high dye removal capacity, achieving up to 300 mg/g (60%) of MG dye at optimal conditions. Kinetic modeling revealed that the adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order model, with high correlation coefficients (r² = 0.9999). A Langmuir isothermal monolayer was achieved. In thermodynamics expressions, the capturing of MG dye by NMGO was spontaneous (−ΔG°), exothermic (+ΔH°), and highly random at the boundary of phases (+ΔS°). In addition, NMGO sorbent exhibited excellent uptake of dye, and preparation of NMGO by ball milling route can remarkably increase he removal capacity of the NMGO towards MG dye removal from aquatic solutions.

This study aimed to develop, through a low-energy process and biocompatible materials, a novel topical microemulsion combining inorganic UV filters and selected essential oils to provide multifunctional protection, including sunscreen, insect repellent, and antioxidant activities as a sustainable alternative to conventional systems based on organic UV filters and synthetic repellents. An oil-in-water microemulsion was formulated using 8% (w/w) of an essential oil blend (citronella, lemongrass, basil, and lavender) combined with vitamin E, 30% (w/w) of a 2:1 Eco-Tween 80/ethanol mixture, and 62% (w/w) water. Lipid-coated ZnO and TiO₂ nanoparticles (10% w/w), including zinc oxide coated with stearoyl glutamic acid and polyhydroxystearic acid, and titanium dioxide coated with alumina and jojoba esters, were incorporated. Physicochemical parameters, as Z, PdI and pH, among others, were determined. The formulation was evaluated for in-vitro sun protection factor (SPF), photostability in the UVA range, mosquito repellency against Culex Pipiens pipiens, antioxidant capacity via DPPH assay, and cytotoxicity in HEK293 cells. The developed system displayed a hydrodynamic diameter of 806 ± 74 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.323 ± 0.141, and a pH of 7.83 ± 0.02, indicating suitability for topical application. The formulation demonstrated an in-vitro SPF of 5.76 ± 0.89 and exhibited stability under the UVA range. Repellency assays showed a repellency index of 0.31, with significant activity sustained for up to 4 h. Moderate antioxidant activity was observed in the DPPH assay, and no cytotoxic effects were detected in HEK293 cells derived from human embryonic renal epithelium, commonly used for toxicity testing of nanomaterials and drugs.

In the global pursuit of environmentally benign and high-performance materials, barium titanate tin oxide (Ba (Ti₁₋_xSn_x) O₃ or BTS) has emerged as a prominent lead-free ferroelectric ceramic. Its remarkable dielectric, piezoelectric, and electrocaloric properties, tunable across a wide range via precise compositional modification (i.e., adjusting the Sn substitution level, x, and co-doping with rare-earth or transition-metal ions), position it as a key candidate for a new generation of energy applications. This article provides a structured scientific overview of the significant advancements in the research of BTS. The novelty of this study lies in its timely synthesis of the very latest breakthroughs—including the recent achievement of ultrahigh piezoelectricity surpassing PZT—and its systematic connection of these state-of-the-art findings to the material's fundamental properties. We focus on scalable synthesis routes, the intricate relationship between microstructure-phase-composition and functional properties, and BTS's promising role in high-density energy storage devices, efficient electrocaloric cooling systems, high-sensitivity piezoelectric sensors, and a growing range of biocompatible biomedical and photocatalytic environmental technologies.