BMEMat最新文献

In this article number 10.1002/bmm2.12059, Min Hao, Wenhan Wang and their co-workers developed a magnetic ferroferric oxide-hydroxyapatite-polydopamine (Fe₃O₄-HAp-PDA) nanobelts to assemble mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into a three-dimensional stem cell spheroid for patterning bone tissue. The incorporation of superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ nanospheres and the calcium-rich composition of the nanobelts successfully accelerates the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and allows for remote manipulation of the spheroid fusion into bone tissue, providing a viable method for on-demand bone regeneration.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and degenerative disease with limited clinical options for effective suppression. Recently, significant endeavors have been explored to reveal its pathogenesis and develop treatments against OA. Hydrogels, designed with a striking resemblance to the extracellular matrix, offer a biomimetic interaction with biological tissues, presenting a promising avenue for OA amelioration. As a result, biocompatible hydrogels have been erected incorporating on-demand bioactivities to optimize the intra-articular microenvironment, thereby alleviating OA symptoms and fostering the eventual regeneration of articular joints. This review highlights the collaborative objectives underlying the establishment of this tissue microenvironment, encompassing mechanical modulation, anti-inflammation, and tissue regeneration. Specifically, we consolidate recent advances in hydrogel-based biomaterials, serving as the tissue engineering scaffolds to replicate the lubrication properties of natural joints or the bioactive agent-loaded vehicles to combat localized inflammation. Additionally, hydrogels function as cell scaffolds to facilitate the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and contribute to the advancement of cartilage regeneration. Finally, this review outlines the prospective directions for hydrogel-mediated OA therapies.

Activating the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway is critical for enhancing antitumor immunity and remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we report the preparation of STING-activating nanoparticles via metal coordination-driven assembly of a synthetic STING agonist (i.e., SR717) and a chemotherapeutic drug (i.e., curcumin). After intravenous administration, the assembled nanoparticles could efficiently accumulate in tumors to improve the bioavailability of SR717 and trigger potent STING pathway activation for effective immune responses. Meanwhile, the released curcumin evokes immunogenic cell death in tumors and regulates amino acid metabolism by inhibiting the activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1, leading to the reversal of the immunosuppressive TME. The antitumor immunity induced by nanoparticles significantly inhibits the growth of primary, recurrent, and metastatic tumors. The assembled nanoparticles are promising for the co-delivery of STING agonists and drugs in improved tumor chemo-immunotherapy.

Chronic exposure to herbicides, weedicides, and pesticides is associated with the onset and progress of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Here, we have investigated whether quinic- and chlorogenic-acid-derived Carbon Quantum Dots (QACQDs and ChACQDs, respectively) protect against a (pesticide) paraquat-insult model of PD. Our results indicated that both types of CQDs intervened in the soluble-to-toxic transformation of the amyloid-forming model protein Hen Egg White Lysozyme (HEWL). Furthermore, QACQDs and ChACQDs demonstrated antioxidant activity while remaining biocompatible in a human neuroblastoma-derived cell line (SH-SY5Y) up to 5 mg/ml and protected the cell line from the environmental neurotoxicant (paraquat). Importantly, both CQDs were found to protect dopaminergic neuronal ablation in a paraquat model of Parkinson's disease using the nematode C. elegans. Our results are significant because both plant-derived organic acids cross the blood–brain barrier, making them attractive for developing CQD architectures. Furthermore, since the synthesis of these CQDs was performed using green chemistry methods from precursor acids that cross the BBB, these engineered bionanomaterial platforms are tantalizing candidates for preventing neurodegenerative disorders associated with exposure to environmental neurotoxicants.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers, and current treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Most patients undergo surgery, which often requires extensive resection of the colon to prevent recurrence and metastasis of residual malignant tumor cells, leading to postoperative pain and discomfort in daily routines. Although versatile therapeutic patches have been developed to induce tumor apoptosis, achieving both great adhesiveness on the mucus layers of the colon tissue and anti-cell/tissue adhesion to other surrounding organs remains a challenge. Herein, we report a Janus polysaccharide film comprising two polymers: mussel-inspired catechol-conjugated chitosan (Chi-C) with muco-adhesiveness, and alginate (Alg) with anti-adhesion property. The Chi-C and Alg polymers form a stably entangled bilayer film via electrostatic interactions. The Janus film shows a strong tissue adhesive strength of ∼10 kPa for the Chi-C layer and weak strength of ∼1 kPa for the Alg layer. Particularly, the Janus film encapsulating an anti-cancer drug exhibits a directional release profile to the tumor site, which is effective for triggering tumor death in in vivo colorectal tumor resection model. Ultimately, such anti-cancer material strategies using bilayered structures are promising for advanced tumor therapy.

Physicians encounter significant challenges in dealing with large diaphragmatic defects in both pediatric and adult populations. Diaphragmatic hernias, such as Morgagni, Bochdalek, and Hiatus hernias, can result in congenital lesions that are often undiagnosed until the appearance of symptoms (bleeding, anemia, and acid reflux). Therefore, substantial potential exists for developing tissue-engineered constructs as novel therapeutic options in clinics. Recent research indicates promising mid-term performance for both natural and synthetic materials. However, studies exploring their application in diaphragm regeneration are limited and remain in the early research stages. Additionally, further investigation is required to address the constraints in human tissue supply for clinical implementation. This article comprehensively reviews the role of biomaterials in diaphragmatic tissue repair and regeneration. It emphasizes biomaterials, including biomimetic polymers used in technological solutions. This summary will enable researchers to critically assess the capability of existing natural biomaterials as essential tissue-engineered patches for clinical use.

The soft-hard tissue interface of the human periodontium is responsible for periodontal homeostasis and is essential for normal oral activities. This soft-hard tissue interface is formed by the direct insertion of fibrous ligaments into the bone tissue. It differs from the unique four-layer structure of the fibrocartilage interface. This interface is formed by a combination of physical, chemical, and biological factors. The physiological functions of this interface are regulated by different signaling pathways. The unique structure of this soft-hard tissue interface has inspired scientists to construct biomimetic gradient structures. These biomimetic systems include nanofiber scaffolds, cell sheets, and hydrogels. Exploring methods to repair this soft-hard tissue interface can help solve clinically unresolved problems. The present review examines the structure of the soft-hard tissue interface of the periodontium and the factors that influence the development of this interface. Relevant regulatory pathways and biomimetic reconstruction methods are also presented to provide ideas for future research on interfacial tissue engineering.

Although immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer therapy by providing efficient tumor growth suppression, long-term protection from recurrence as well as minimized side effects, the low response rate significantly limits the clinical application of immunotherapy in board types of solid tumors. In order to improve the therapeutic efficacy, conventional therapies including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, phototherapy and chemodynamic therapy are employed to combine with immunotherapy to elicit stronger antitumor immune responses. Polymer nanomedicines are frequently utilized in synergistic immunotherapy and other therapies owing to their tunable physiochemical properties, high drug loading capacity, ease of modification and low toxicity. With elaborate design and tailored properties, polymer nanomedicines can significantly enhance antitumor efficacy by enhancing tumor specificity, priming immune cells and amplifying immune responses in tumors. However, until now, there is no review solely dedicated to the comprehensive development of polymer-based platforms for combinational immunotherapy of cancers. Herein, this paper summarizes latest advances in the design, fabrication and application of polymer nanomedicines in combinational immunotherapy and traditional antitumor strategies including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy and other therapies. An outlook on the trajectory and potential challenges of polymer nanomedicines in bridging the gap between immunotherapy and conventional therapies is also discussed.

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, known for their unique atomic arrangements and exceptional physicochemical properties, have garnered significant attention in biomedical applications, particularly in the realms of immunotherapy for tissue engineering and tumor therapy. These applications necessitate a thorough assessment of the potential influence of 2D nanomaterials on immune cells. Notably, the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) cells, which play pivotal roles in both innate and adaptive immunity, are essential for maintaining organismal homeostasis. MPS cells with phagocytic capability contribute to the prevention of foreign body invasion and the elimination of dead or senescent cells. Furthermore, MPS cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, serve as vital bridges between innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, understanding the nano-bio interactions between 2D nanomaterials and MPS cells is imperative. These nano-bio interactions including cellular uptake, cytocompatibility, and immunological impact are invaluable for the purposeful design of 2D nanomaterials. Herein, we provide an overview of the latest advancements in understanding the nano-bio interactions between 2D nanomaterials and MPS cells, and discuss the current challenges and future prospects of employing 2D nanomaterials in the field of nanomedicine.

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanomaterials are a rising star in the field of biomedicine. This review presents an overview of the progress in h-BN nanomaterials for biological applications. It begins with a general introduction of the structural characteristics of h-BN, followed by the brief introduction of its physical and chemical properties, including thermal, band and mechanical properties, chemical reactivity, biodegradability and biocompatibility, then emphasizes on the recent progress in the biomedical applications including drug delivery, boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), bioimaging and nanozyme, and ends with the challenges and perspectives related to the biomedical applications. The advantages of BN nanomaterials used for biomedical applications were analyzed, and their problems were also discussed, inspiring the future rational designs of the BN nanomedicines.