Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.025
Ali Tarjomannejad , Parvaneh Nakhostin Panahi , Ali Farzi , Aligholi Niaei
In this paper, a hybrid artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) method was applied to design and optimize a perovskite catalyst for the reduction of NO with CO. A series of perovskite-type oxides with the general formula of La1-xSrx(Cu1-yMny)1-αPdαO3 were investigated. Catalysts were synthesized via the sol-gel auto-combustion method. The effects of four design parameters (x, y, α, and calcination temperature) and reaction temperature as an operational variable on NO conversion were investigated by modeling the experimental data obtained in the experimental design. Based on the results, the optimum neural network architecture predicted NO conversion data with an acceptable level of correctness. The optimum neural network architecture was used as a capability function for the genetic algorithm to find the optimal catalyst. For catalyst optimization, the Pd mole fraction was set to 0.02. The values of other parameters in the optimum catalyst were as follows: Sr mole fraction of 0.175, Mn mole fraction of 0.596, and calcination temperature of 674.89°C. To investigate the structure, morphology, specific surface area, and reducibility, the catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, H2-TPR, XPS, and SEM.
{"title":"Design of an intelligent system for modeling and optimization of perovskite-type catalysts for catalytic reduction of NO with CO","authors":"Ali Tarjomannejad , Parvaneh Nakhostin Panahi , Ali Farzi , Aligholi Niaei","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a hybrid artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) method was applied to design and optimize a perovskite catalyst for the reduction of NO with CO. A series of perovskite-type oxides with the general formula of La<sub>1-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>(Cu<sub>1-y</sub>Mn<sub>y</sub>)<sub>1-α</sub>Pd<sub>α</sub>O<sub>3</sub> were investigated. Catalysts were synthesized via the sol-gel auto-combustion method. The effects of four design parameters (x, y, α, and calcination temperature) and reaction temperature as an operational variable on NO conversion were investigated by modeling the experimental data obtained in the experimental design. Based on the results, the optimum neural network architecture predicted NO conversion data with an acceptable level of correctness. The optimum neural network architecture was used as a capability function for the genetic algorithm to find the optimal catalyst. For catalyst optimization, the Pd mole fraction was set to 0.02. The values of other parameters in the optimum catalyst were as follows: Sr mole fraction of 0.175, Mn mole fraction of 0.596, and calcination temperature of 674.89°C. To investigate the structure, morphology, specific surface area, and reducibility, the catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, H<sub>2</sub>-TPR, XPS, and SEM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"214 ","pages":"Pages 54-64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The integration of various industrial wastewater treatment processes into a compact and efficient system aimed at reducing space and operational costs is economical for environmental stakeholders in this domain. This research focuses on the development of a kinetic-dependent sedimentation model and a simulation framework to enhance the efficiency of treating industrial wastewater in compact systems. The study used experimentally determined operating conditions, wastewater characteristics, and sludge concentration as parameters to study reaction rates and hydrodynamics for optimizing the dimensions of the treatment plant. The impact of varying reaction conversion on the performance indicators of the flocculation mix tank and clarifier basin was investigated at varying detention periods of 1.5–3 h, temperatures of 20–30 °C. The results showed that mechanistic and water parameters have a significant effect on the sludge hydrodynamics of the sedimentation model. The optimization statistics established a high correlation between reaction conversions, mixing power dissipation, and functional dimensions (radii and depths inclusive) of the flocculation mix tank and clarifier basin to 0.9490 ≤ R2 ≥ 0.9630 at a 95 % confidence interval. An increase in the reaction conversion (XA ≤ 0.9) was significant on the performance of the flocculation mix tank and clarifier basin to guarantee biodegradation of organics, colour removal, and the total solids to settle with 90 % efficiency in concentric circular tanks. The optimized design geometry satisfied the design criterion: surface overflow rate < settling velocity, clarifier radius > radius of the flocculation mix tank to allow coagulation-flocculation aided sedimentation treatment to satisfy effluent discharge.
{"title":"Modeling, simulation and design of a portable wastewater treatment plant: A new mechanistic dependent sedimentation model and computational algorithm","authors":"Prosper Eguono Ovuoraye , Akindele Oyetunde Okewale , Millionaire F.N. Abowei","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of various industrial wastewater treatment processes into a compact and efficient system aimed at reducing space and operational costs is economical for environmental stakeholders in this domain. This research focuses on the development of a kinetic-dependent sedimentation model and a simulation framework to enhance the efficiency of treating industrial wastewater in compact systems. The study used experimentally determined operating conditions, wastewater characteristics, and sludge concentration as parameters to study reaction rates and hydrodynamics for optimizing the dimensions of the treatment plant. The impact of varying reaction conversion on the performance indicators of the flocculation mix tank and clarifier basin was investigated at varying detention periods of 1.5–3 h, temperatures of 20–30 °C. The results showed that mechanistic and water parameters have a significant effect on the sludge hydrodynamics of the sedimentation model. The optimization statistics established a high correlation between reaction conversions, mixing power dissipation, and functional dimensions (radii and depths inclusive) of the flocculation mix tank and clarifier basin to 0.9490 ≤ R<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.9630 at a 95 % confidence interval. An increase in the reaction conversion (X<sub>A</sub> ≤ 0.9) was significant on the performance of the flocculation mix tank and clarifier basin to guarantee biodegradation of organics, colour removal, and the total solids to settle with 90 % efficiency in concentric circular tanks. The optimized design geometry satisfied the design criterion: surface overflow rate < settling velocity, clarifier radius > radius of the flocculation mix tank to allow coagulation-flocculation aided sedimentation treatment to satisfy effluent discharge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"214 ","pages":"Pages 427-440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.030
Paôlla Chrystine Pinheiro Patrício, Melanie J. Hazlett, Alex De Visscher
This study addresses a challenge in the application of the weighted Orthogonal Collocation method for solving flux-based material balances in diffusion and reaction systems where Fick’s law is not applicable. The conventional approach encounters difficulties due to the non-zero gradient boundary condition of flux at 0, which leads to increased errors and inaccuracies in the solution. To resolve this problem, a modification to the Orthogonal Collocation method is proposed, adjusted specifically to handle the complexities of flux-based material balances. The modified method adapts the traditional collocation approach, ensuring it can accommodate the boundary condition peculiarities inherent in these systems. Testing and comparison demonstrated that the modified method achieves accuracies comparable to the original Orthogonal Collocation method when applied to concentration-based material balances, whereas incorrect use of the original scheme leads to errors that are orders of magnitude greater.
{"title":"Modified orthogonal collocation for accurate flux-based material balance calculations in slab, cylindrical, and spherical geometries","authors":"Paôlla Chrystine Pinheiro Patrício, Melanie J. Hazlett, Alex De Visscher","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses a challenge in the application of the weighted Orthogonal Collocation method for solving flux-based material balances in diffusion and reaction systems where Fick’s law is not applicable. The conventional approach encounters difficulties due to the non-zero gradient boundary condition of flux at <span><math><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo></mrow></math></span> 0, which leads to increased errors and inaccuracies in the solution. To resolve this problem, a modification to the Orthogonal Collocation method is proposed, adjusted specifically to handle the complexities of flux-based material balances. The modified method adapts the traditional collocation approach, ensuring it can accommodate the boundary condition peculiarities inherent in these systems. Testing and comparison demonstrated that the modified method achieves accuracies comparable to the original Orthogonal Collocation method when applied to concentration-based material balances, whereas incorrect use of the original scheme leads to errors that are orders of magnitude greater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"215 ","pages":"Pages 408-418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.037
Hui Du , Haifeng Lu , Xiaolei Guo , Haifeng Liu
Large-scale biomass pneumatic conveying technology serves the fields of biomass reuse, including agricultural and forestry waste management, and biomass gasification. This study focuses on the dense phase conveying characteristics of rice husk powder in a positive pressure pneumatic conveying system, examining the impact of operational parameters on mass flow rate and solid-gas ratio. The study successfully achieved industrial dense-phase pneumatic conveying technology with a mass flow rate of 3000–10,000 kg/h and a solid-gas ratio as high as 160 kg/kg. A prediction equation for mass flow rate based on pressure drive was provided, which was suitable for this system and provided a design basis for pressure. Based on the design of fluidization velocity, the design basis for the fluidization gas in actual operation was proposed. The phase diagram was used to analyze the conveying state and determine the economic gas velocity. Furthermore, the economic gas velocity was predicted by using the function relationship of Ar and Re numbers, and the prediction deviation is less than 5 %. This work provided a valuable reference for the efficient conveying and processing of biomass particles on a large scale.
{"title":"Pneumatic conveying characteristics in the rice husk powder industry and optimization of engineering process","authors":"Hui Du , Haifeng Lu , Xiaolei Guo , Haifeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-scale biomass pneumatic conveying technology serves the fields of biomass reuse, including agricultural and forestry waste management, and biomass gasification. This study focuses on the dense phase conveying characteristics of rice husk powder in a positive pressure pneumatic conveying system, examining the impact of operational parameters on mass flow rate and solid-gas ratio. The study successfully achieved industrial dense-phase pneumatic conveying technology with a mass flow rate of 3000–10,000 kg/h and a solid-gas ratio as high as 160 kg/kg. A prediction equation for mass flow rate based on pressure drive was provided, which was suitable for this system and provided a design basis for pressure. Based on the design of fluidization velocity, the design basis for the fluidization gas in actual operation was proposed. The phase diagram was used to analyze the conveying state and determine the economic gas velocity. Furthermore, the economic gas velocity was predicted by using the function relationship of <em>Ar</em> and <em>Re</em> numbers, and the prediction deviation is less than 5 %. This work provided a valuable reference for the efficient conveying and processing of biomass particles on a large scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"215 ","pages":"Pages 157-169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.043
Rui Wang , Husain Ashkanani , Kathryn Smith , Isaac K. Gamwo , Bingyun Li , Badie I. Morsi
A comprehensive Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) was performed to evaluate the economic feasibility of a novel two-step process (TSP) developed in Aspen Plus V12.1 to desulfurize and decarbonize a raw natural gas containing (2 mol% H2S and 5 mol% CO2) into an ultra-sweet natural gas containing (1.72 ppmv H2S and 4.19 ppmv CO2). The raw natural gas flow rate used in the TSP was 117.74 kg/s at 60 °C and 50 bar. The TSP combines an H2S desulfurization step using potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and a CO2 capture step using 3 different chemical solvents, monoethanolamine (MEA), sodium glycinate (SGS), and potassium glycinate (PGS). Both steps employ fixed-bed absorbers packed with Mellapak 250Y structured packing.
The hydraulics and mass transfer characteristics for the TSP were calculated, indicating normal operation with higher gas-side (kG) than liquid-side (kL) mass transfer coefficients. The TEA of TSP indicated that PGS had the most promising economic feasibility among the 3 solvents as it exhibited the lowest Levelized Cost of CO2 capture (LCOC) of $47.54/ton.CO2 at a Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) of $24.98 million, and an Operating Expenditure (OPEX) of $12.20 million/year. Also, the TSP could produce one MMSCF of ultra-sweet natural gas at a total cost of $339.55.
{"title":"A comparative TEA of a two-step process using chemical solvents for producing an ultra-sweet natural gas","authors":"Rui Wang , Husain Ashkanani , Kathryn Smith , Isaac K. Gamwo , Bingyun Li , Badie I. Morsi","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) was performed to evaluate the economic feasibility of a novel two-step process (TSP) developed in Aspen Plus V12.1 to desulfurize and decarbonize a raw natural gas containing (2 mol% H<sub>2</sub>S and 5 mol% CO<sub>2</sub>) into an ultra-sweet natural gas containing (1.72 ppmv H<sub>2</sub>S and 4.19 ppmv CO<sub>2</sub>). The raw natural gas flow rate used in the TSP was 117.74 kg/s at 60 °C and 50 bar. The TSP combines an H<sub>2</sub>S desulfurization step using potassium carbonate (K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) and a CO<sub>2</sub> capture step using 3 different chemical solvents, monoethanolamine (MEA), sodium glycinate (SGS), and potassium glycinate (PGS). Both steps employ fixed-bed absorbers packed with Mellapak 250Y structured packing.</div><div>The hydraulics and mass transfer characteristics for the TSP were calculated, indicating normal operation with higher gas-side (k<sub>G</sub>) than liquid-side (k<sub>L</sub>) mass transfer coefficients. The TEA of TSP indicated that PGS had the most promising economic feasibility among the 3 solvents as it exhibited the lowest Levelized Cost of CO<sub>2</sub> capture (LCOC) of $47.54/ton.CO<sub>2</sub> at a Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) of $24.98 million, and an Operating Expenditure (OPEX) of $12.20 million/year. Also, the TSP could produce one MMSCF of ultra-sweet natural gas at a total cost of $339.55.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"215 ","pages":"Pages 238-252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143242285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.038
Sheikh F. Javaid , Rong Rong , Mian M. Ahson Aslam , Min Dai , Changsheng Peng
Red mud, a byproduct of aluminium production, poses serious environmental risks due to its high alkalinity and large volume. This study explores the synthesis of two iron-carbon adsorption-reaction materials (Fe-C ARMs), Fe3O4-BC and ZVI-BC, using corn straw (CS) and red mud (RM) through biomass pyrolytic reduction. CS serves as a pore-forming and reducing agent, while RM acts as the iron precursor. We explored the impact of various preparation conditions, including the raw CS to RM ratio (2:1–1:4), pyrolysis time (45–120 min), and temperature (400°C to 600°C for Fe3O4-BC, and 700°C to 1000°C for ZVI-BC), on the characteristics of the Fe-C ARMs. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) identified optimal conditions: for Fe3O4-BC, a CS to RM ratio of 1:1, 600°C pyrolysis temperature, and 75 minutes; for ZVI-BC, a CS to RM ratio of 1:3, 912°C pyrolysis temperature, and 75 minutes. Maximum dye removal capacities were 342.4 mg/g for GV and 145.4 mg/g for MO with Fe3O4-BC, and 480.5 mg/g for GV and 215.1 mg/g for MO with ZVI-BC. The synthesis mechanisms and physiochemical characteristics of the Fe-C ARMs synthesized under optimal conditions were analyzed using TGA/DTA, FE-SEM coupled with EDS, FTIR, XRD, XPS and BET surface area analysis. The removal of dyes by Fe-C ARMs occurs via a combination of adsorption and reduction on carbon and iron oxides, with efficiency varying according to experimental conditions. Additionally, the materials exhibited reusability over five operational cycles, suggesting their potential for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.
{"title":"Preparation of red mud-based iron-carbon adsorption-reaction materials through biomass pyrolytic reduction for application of dyes removal","authors":"Sheikh F. Javaid , Rong Rong , Mian M. Ahson Aslam , Min Dai , Changsheng Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Red mud, a byproduct of aluminium production, poses serious environmental risks due to its high alkalinity and large volume. This study explores the synthesis of two iron-carbon adsorption-reaction materials (Fe-C ARMs), Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-BC and ZVI-BC, using corn straw (CS) and red mud (RM) through biomass pyrolytic reduction. CS serves as a pore-forming and reducing agent, while RM acts as the iron precursor. We explored the impact of various preparation conditions, including the raw CS to RM ratio (2:1–1:4), pyrolysis time (45–120 min), and temperature (400°C to 600°C for Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-BC, and 700°C to 1000°C for ZVI-BC), on the characteristics of the Fe-C ARMs. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) identified optimal conditions: for Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-BC, a CS to RM ratio of 1:1, 600°C pyrolysis temperature, and 75 minutes; for ZVI-BC, a CS to RM ratio of 1:3, 912°C pyrolysis temperature, and 75 minutes. Maximum dye removal capacities were 342.4 mg/g for GV and 145.4 mg/g for MO with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-BC, and 480.5 mg/g for GV and 215.1 mg/g for MO with ZVI-BC. The synthesis mechanisms and physiochemical characteristics of the Fe-C ARMs synthesized under optimal conditions were analyzed using TGA/DTA, FE-SEM coupled with EDS, FTIR, XRD, XPS and BET surface area analysis. The removal of dyes by Fe-C ARMs occurs via a combination of adsorption and reduction on carbon and iron oxides, with efficiency varying according to experimental conditions. Additionally, the materials exhibited reusability over five operational cycles, suggesting their potential for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"215 ","pages":"Pages 222-237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.044
Fuxing Jia, Shanwei Li, Min Wei, Maocheng Tian
Two-phase Taylor flow has been proven as an effective method for process intensification in microchannels in many fields with high integration and miniaturization. In this study, the effect of divergent microchannel on air-water two-phase Taylor flow is investigated numerically. The results reveal that introducing a divergent structure is effective in reducing the pressure drop through the microchannel while also increasing the Nusselt number. In the configuration featuring a divergent angle of 0.8°, there is a significant decrease in pressure drop by 31.3 %, accompanied by a maximum enhancement of 37.7 % in the Nusselt number, when contrasted with a straight microchannel structure. Detailed analysis reveals that the existence of divergent angles can form the ever-shortening slugs along with the Taylor flow and intensify the fractional velocity perpendicular to the mainstream direction so that the internal circulation is improved which is beneficial to the heat dissipation.
{"title":"Numerical study on hydrodynamic characteristics and heat transfer enhancement of gas-liquid Taylor flow in divergent microchannels","authors":"Fuxing Jia, Shanwei Li, Min Wei, Maocheng Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-phase Taylor flow has been proven as an effective method for process intensification in microchannels in many fields with high integration and miniaturization. In this study, the effect of divergent microchannel on air-water two-phase Taylor flow is investigated numerically. The results reveal that introducing a divergent structure is effective in reducing the pressure drop through the microchannel while also increasing the Nusselt number. In the configuration featuring a divergent angle of 0.8°, there is a significant decrease in pressure drop by 31.3 %, accompanied by a maximum enhancement of 37.7 % in the Nusselt number, when contrasted with a straight microchannel structure. Detailed analysis reveals that the existence of divergent angles can form the ever-shortening slugs along with the Taylor flow and intensify the fractional velocity perpendicular to the mainstream direction so that the internal circulation is improved which is beneficial to the heat dissipation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"215 ","pages":"Pages 263-273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143242283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.026
Zhengyuan Song, Guogang Sun, Shiwei Yuan, Chenhao Xi
A swirl plate is widely used in industry for gas-liquid mass transfer, reaction and removal of droplets from gas flow. The maximum efficiency superficial gas velocity is a key parameter in the design and application of swirl plate demisters, but currently there is no calculation method available. In this paper, a set of swirl plate demister experimental device was built, the separation efficiency, maximum efficiency and the corresponding superficial gas velocity of water and DOS droplets using three types of swirl plate demisters were determined. Furthermore, based on the calculation of critical gas velocity for droplet re-entrainment, a calculation formula for predicting this maximum efficiency superficial gas velocity was proposed. The results show that the predictions are in good agreement with literature data and experimental results. The research provides essential support for predicting the maximum efficiency superficial gas velocity during the design and application of a swirl plate demister.
{"title":"Experimental study and calculation of the maximum efficiency superficial gas velocity of swirl plate demisters","authors":"Zhengyuan Song, Guogang Sun, Shiwei Yuan, Chenhao Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A swirl plate is widely used in industry for gas-liquid mass transfer, reaction and removal of droplets from gas flow. The maximum efficiency superficial gas velocity is a key parameter in the design and application of swirl plate demisters, but currently there is no calculation method available. In this paper, a set of swirl plate demister experimental device was built, the separation efficiency, maximum efficiency and the corresponding superficial gas velocity of water and DOS droplets using three types of swirl plate demisters were determined. Furthermore, based on the calculation of critical gas velocity for droplet re-entrainment, a calculation formula for predicting this maximum efficiency superficial gas velocity was proposed. The results show that the predictions are in good agreement with literature data and experimental results. The research provides essential support for predicting the maximum efficiency superficial gas velocity during the design and application of a swirl plate demister.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"215 ","pages":"Pages 200-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.040
Marwan H. Taha, Shahriyar G. Holagh, Joshua Rosettani, Soha Eid Moussa, Wael H. Ahmed
Airlift pumps have been widely utilized for liquid transport and have recently shown significant potential for efficiently handling slurry flows in many applications such as mining, wastewater treatment, dredging, and oil and gas, where the need for effective solid-liquid transport is critical for operations like removing sediments, transferring drilling mud, or managing slurries in pipelines. The present study experimentally investigates the performance of airlift pumps under three-phase solid-gas-liquid flow conditions, emphasizing the influence of particle properties (diameter and density), pump submergence ratio (SR), and injector design. The experimental setup involved two types of solid particles (glass and ceramic) with different densities (2835 kg/m³ and 2668 kg/m³) and sizes (1, 4, and 5 mm), three SRs (50 %, 70 %, and 90 %), and two injector designs (annular and swirl). High-speed imaging and flow measurements were used to assess the dynamics within the riser pipe and evaluate pump performance. It was found that the presence of solid particles significantly reduces the liquid phase deliverability, reducing the superficial velocity of the lifted liquid phase and therefore the pump's effectiveness, notably at smaller particle sizes due to momentum transfer to the solid phase and clogging effects. Pump performance was evaluated based on three key operational phases: start-up, transitional, and steady state. The results show that smaller, less dense particles and higher SRs significantly improve the solid production rate and effectiveness and accelerate the transition phase where the pump begins lifting solid particles. The swirl injector design that promotes angular momentum transfer to the liquid as the carrying medium for solids was found to increase solid particle discharge rates and consequently improve pumping effectiveness. The present results are correlated with the Stokes number to describe the inertia of the solid particles relative to viscous drag forces, determining how well the particles follow the liquid's motion. Consequently, the study introduces new performance curves that demonstrate the interaction between solid particle concentration, terminal velocity, and known airlift pump parameters such as lifting efficiency and effectiveness. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing airlift pump system designs for a wide range of industrial applications, where efficient solid-liquid transportation is crucial.
{"title":"Optimizing airlift pumps for efficient solid-liquid transport: Effect of particle properties, submergence ratio, and injector design","authors":"Marwan H. Taha, Shahriyar G. Holagh, Joshua Rosettani, Soha Eid Moussa, Wael H. Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Airlift pumps have been widely utilized for liquid transport and have recently shown significant potential for efficiently handling slurry flows in many applications such as mining, wastewater treatment, dredging, and oil and gas, where the need for effective solid-liquid transport is critical for operations like removing sediments, transferring drilling mud, or managing slurries in pipelines. The present study experimentally investigates the performance of airlift pumps under three-phase solid-gas-liquid flow conditions, emphasizing the influence of particle properties (diameter and density), pump submergence ratio (SR), and injector design. The experimental setup involved two types of solid particles (glass and ceramic) with different densities (2835 kg/m³ and 2668 kg/m³) and sizes (1, 4, and 5 mm), three SRs (50 %, 70 %, and 90 %), and two injector designs (annular and swirl). High-speed imaging and flow measurements were used to assess the dynamics within the riser pipe and evaluate pump performance. It was found that the presence of solid particles significantly reduces the liquid phase deliverability, reducing the superficial velocity of the lifted liquid phase and therefore the pump's effectiveness, notably at smaller particle sizes due to momentum transfer to the solid phase and clogging effects. Pump performance was evaluated based on three key operational phases: start-up, transitional, and steady state. The results show that smaller, less dense particles and higher SRs significantly improve the solid production rate and effectiveness and accelerate the transition phase where the pump begins lifting solid particles. The swirl injector design that promotes angular momentum transfer to the liquid as the carrying medium for solids was found to increase solid particle discharge rates and consequently improve pumping effectiveness. The present results are correlated with the Stokes number to describe the inertia of the solid particles relative to viscous drag forces, determining how well the particles follow the liquid's motion. Consequently, the study introduces new performance curves that demonstrate the interaction between solid particle concentration, terminal velocity, and known airlift pump parameters such as lifting efficiency and effectiveness. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing airlift pump system designs for a wide range of industrial applications, where efficient solid-liquid transportation is crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"215 ","pages":"Pages 292-311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143242282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.041
Yuyu Min , Dengyue Chen , Jun Jie Wu , Bing Wang , Robert W. Field
Fouling of membrane bioreactors (MBR) can be mitigated inter alia by appropriate patterning of the membrane surface and by “smart” hydrodynamics. Herein the membrane frame of a flat sheet system was designed to create a wavy surface. Correspondingly the cross-sectional area of the aerated channels varied in a periodic manner. The patterned sheet (PS) membranes were evaluated alongside a standard flat sheet (FS) membrane. Validated Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation verified that the PS system had greater uniformity of bubble distributions and shear stress. The parallel fouling experiments showed that flux, permeability, and fouling resistance of PS membranes were better than that of the FS membrane. For a large-scale standard unit (700 mm × 500 mm), the improved anti-fouling performance would produce sufficient hydrodynamic effect for operation with SADm of 1.17 Nm3 m−2 h−1, which is 50 % less than the 2.34 Nm3 m−2 h−1 used in FS-MBR. Such enhanced efficiency would reduce wastewater treatment costs.
{"title":"Design, optimization and evaluation of wavy channels in a flat-sheet membrane bioreactor","authors":"Yuyu Min , Dengyue Chen , Jun Jie Wu , Bing Wang , Robert W. Field","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fouling of membrane bioreactors (MBR) can be mitigated inter alia by appropriate patterning of the membrane surface and by “smart” hydrodynamics. Herein the membrane frame of a flat sheet system was designed to create a wavy surface. Correspondingly the cross-sectional area of the aerated channels varied in a periodic manner. The patterned sheet (PS) membranes were evaluated alongside a standard flat sheet (FS) membrane. Validated Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation verified that the PS system had greater uniformity of bubble distributions and shear stress. The parallel fouling experiments showed that flux, permeability, and fouling resistance of PS membranes were better than that of the FS membrane. For a large-scale standard unit (700 mm × 500 mm), the improved anti-fouling performance would produce sufficient hydrodynamic effect for operation with SAD<sub>m</sub> of 1.17 Nm<sup>3</sup> m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, which is 50 % less than the 2.34 Nm<sup>3</sup> m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> used in FS-MBR. Such enhanced efficiency would reduce wastewater treatment costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"215 ","pages":"Pages 208-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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