Chemical Engineering Research & Design最新文献_第4页

Numerical study of multiphase mixing of micron sized aggregates in opposed jets fluidized bed 微米级团聚体在对置射流流化床中多相混合的数值研究

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.056

Muhammad Usman Farid , Laura Unger , Dyrney Araújo dos Santos , Andreas Bück

Fine aggregates are considered as essential elements in the production of a wide range of food, pharmaceutical as well as other chemical products. In process industry, mixing of such particles is a crucial operation which controls the quality, texture and attributes of the final product. However, mixing becomes quite challenging while dealing with cohesive particles because of strong inter particulate forces, mostly van der Waals or capillary forces. A strong external force is required to overcome the cohesive forces and eventually, to agitate and mix such aggregates. With several advantages, mixing of such aggregates can be carried out in gas phase regime using fluidized bed systems. However, gas-solid environment yields to turbulence multiphase flow dynamics which needs to be investigated for optimum performance. In the current study, a two-way coupled Euler-Lagrange CFD model has been developed for the investigation of hydrodynamics and mixing of multiphase flows in an opposed jets fluidized bed. In total two phases were selected including air as a gas phase whereas TiO₂ was considered as the solid phase. Particles were placed in the domain at known quantity and different streams of air jet were injected with the help of three nozzles mounted in the bottom and side walls of the apparatus. As a result, fluid dynamically different zones were formed such as stressing zone and mixing zone. Increasing air flow rate, the suspension and mixing of particles is improved. However, very high air injections results in formation of wall bounded layer of particles which negatively effects the mixing. High particle concentration was found near the wall in case of air flow rate injected at a flow rate of 0.003 kg/s. Further investigations are planned in order to further explore effect of dynamic classifier, particle size distribution and mass loading.

细骨料被认为是生产各种食品、药品和其他化学产品的基本要素。在加工工业中，这些颗粒的混合是控制最终产品质量，质地和属性的关键操作。然而，由于强大的颗粒间力，主要是范德华力或毛细力，在处理有凝聚力的颗粒时，混合变得相当具有挑战性。需要一个强大的外力来克服凝聚力，并最终搅拌和混合这些聚集体。有几个优点，这种聚集体的混合可以在气相制度下进行，使用流化床系统。然而，气固环境产生湍流多相流动力学，需要对其进行研究以获得最佳性能。在目前的研究中，建立了一个双向耦合的欧拉-拉格朗日CFD模型，用于研究对置射流流化床中多相流的流体力学和混合。总共选择了两种相，其中空气为气相，TiO2为固相。将粒子以已知的数量放置在区域内，并通过安装在仪器底部和侧壁的三个喷嘴注入不同的气流。从而形成了流体动力学上的不同区域，如应力区和混合区。增加空气流速，颗粒的悬浮和混合得到改善。然而，很高的空气注入量会导致颗粒壁有界层的形成，这对混合产生不利影响。当气流注入速度为0.003 kg/s时，壁面附近颗粒浓度较高。为了进一步探索动态分级机、粒度分布和质量负荷的影响，计划进行进一步的研究。

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引用次数: 0

High-throughput synthesis of BaSO4 nanoparticles via a radially grooved spinning disk reactor: Process intensification and mechanistic elucidation 通过径向槽旋转圆盘反应器高通量合成BaSO4纳米颗粒：过程强化和机理阐明

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.054

Dongxiang Wang , Xinjun Yang , Fangyang Yuan , Jiyun Du , Wei Yu , Zhong Chen , Hao Peng , Xiang Ling

This study proposes a novel radially grooved spinning disk reactor (SDR) and evaluates its capability for the high-throughput synthesis of barium sulfate nanoparticles via reactive precipitation. The effect of operating parameters and flow characteristics on particle size were systematically investigated. The radial groove significantly affects the sizes. Increasing rotational Reynolds numbers produce particles with smaller size and narrower distribution. The radially grooved disk requires substantially lower rotational speeds to achieve comparable particle sizes. While the mean particle size increased with the inlet Reynolds number for the smooth disk, it decreased for the grooved disk even at 1.6 L/min, although this effect weakened at high rotational speeds. The mean sizes of smooth disk exhibit a pronounced relationship with Reynolds number ratios as

\sim {α_{Re}}^{- 0.546}

, and a linear relationship with film heights of disk edge. While for the radially grooved disk, the sizes exhibit a power-law relationship with wall-averaged shear rates as

\sim {γ_{N, a}}^{- 0.412}

. At high shear rates, centrifugal effects dominate the flow, the disk surface exhibit diminished effect on particle size. The specific dispersed power is a key factor affecting influencing the final particle size. For the smooth and radially grooved disks, the sizes can be predicted as

2.56 ε^{- 0.234}

and

0.97 ε^{- 0.22}

. Although the enhancing effect of the grooves attenuates at high specific power, the particle size is well determined by the dimensionless flow rate and the linear velocity at the disk edge.

本研究提出了一种新型径向槽旋转圆盘反应器（SDR），并评价了其通过反应沉淀法高通量合成硫酸钡纳米颗粒的能力。系统地研究了操作参数和流动特性对颗粒尺寸的影响。径向槽对尺寸有显著影响。随着旋转雷诺数的增加，颗粒尺寸变小，分布变窄。径向槽盘需要更低的转速才能达到类似的颗粒尺寸。平滑盘面的平均粒径随着入口雷诺数的增加而增加，而槽盘面的平均粒径即使在1.6 L/min时也会减小，尽管这种影响在高转速下会减弱。光滑圆盘的平均尺寸与雷诺数比的关系为~ αRe−0.546，与圆盘边缘的膜高度呈线性关系。而对于径向槽状圆盘，尺寸与壁面平均剪切速率呈幂律关系，为~ γN，a−0.412。在高剪切速率下，离心效应主导流动，圆盘表面对颗粒大小的影响减弱。比分散功率是影响最终粒径的关键因素。对于光滑盘和径向槽盘，可以预测尺寸分别为2.56ε−0.234和0.97ε−0.22。虽然凹槽的增强作用在高比功率下减弱，但颗粒的大小是由圆盘边缘的无因次流量和线速度决定的。

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引用次数: 0

PRB based hybrid adsorption-membrane for the treatment of pharmaceutical -contaminated water 基于PRB的混合吸附膜处理制药污染水

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.052

Fatemeh Radaei, Mohsen Jahanshahi, Majid Peyravi, Nima Hosseinzadeh Yekani

The increasing presence of antibiotics in water resources has raised serious environmental concerns, highlighting the need for efficient and practical treatment systems. In this study, a hybrid treatment system consisting of a gravity-driven packed-bed column inspired by the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) concept and a downstream membrane process was developed for the removal of azithromycin (AZI) from water. The PRB-based column was filled with magnetic granular activated carbon (MGAC) and operated as a passive pretreatment unit prior to membrane filtration. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized using FESEM, EDX, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, while the physicochemical properties of the fabricated polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were evaluated by cross-sectional FESEM and AFM analyses. Batch adsorption experiments demonstrated a maximum AZI removal efficiency of 99.96 % at pH 2, a contact time of 80 min, and an initial AZI concentration of 100 mg/L, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 192.1 mg/g. The adsorption behavior followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm, with correlation coefficients (R²) of 0.9997 and 0.9976, respectively. Column experiments revealed that AZI removal performance was strongly influenced by bed height, inlet flow rate, and influent concentration, with a maximum removal efficiency of 67 % achieved at a bed depth of 10 cm, a flow rate of 5 mL/min, and an inlet AZI concentration of 100 mg/L. Breakthrough curve was well described by the Thomas and Yan models, with the Yan model providing the best fit. The effectiveness of the PRB-based column as a pretreatment step was further evaluated using PES membranes with polymer concentrations of 15 % (M1) and 20 % (M2). Following pretreatment, membrane flux and AZI rejection significantly improved, with flux increasing from 72 to 110 L/m².h and rejection from 30 % to 82 % for M1, and from 30 to 50 L/m².h with rejection increasing from 98 % to 99.9 % for M2. These results demonstrate that the proposed PRB-based hybrid system is an effective and energy-efficient approach for AZI removal and fouling mitigation in membrane processes.

水资源中抗生素的日益增加引起了严重的环境问题，强调需要有效和实用的处理系统。在这项研究中，开发了一种混合处理系统，该系统由受渗透反应屏障（PRB）概念启发的重力驱动填充床柱和下游膜工艺组成，用于从水中去除阿奇霉素（AZI）。以prb为基础的柱填充磁性颗粒活性炭（MGAC），作为膜过滤前的被动预处理单元。采用FESEM、EDX、XRD和拉曼光谱对合成的吸附剂进行了表征，并通过FESEM和AFM分析对制备的聚醚砜（PES）膜的物理化学性能进行了评价。间歇吸附实验表明，在pH为2、接触时间为80 min、初始AZI浓度为100 mg/L时，AZI的最大去除效率为99.96 %，最大吸附量为192.1 mg/g。吸附行为符合拟二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温线，相关系数（R²）分别为0.9997和0.9976。实验结果表明，床层高度、进口流量和进水浓度对AZI的去除率有较大影响，当床层深度为10 cm、流量为5 mL/min、进口浓度为100 mg/L时，AZI去除率最高可达67 %。Thomas模型和Yan模型都能很好地描述突破曲线，其中Yan模型拟合效果最好。采用聚合物浓度分别为15 % （M1）和20 % （M2）的PES膜，进一步评价了基于prb的色谱柱作为预处理步骤的有效性。预处理后，膜通量和AZI截留率显著提高，M1的通量从72 ~ 110 L/ M2. h增加到30 ~ %，截留率从82 ~ %；M2从30 ~ 50 L/ M2. h增加到98 ~ %，截留率从99.9 ~ %。这些结果表明，基于prb的混合系统是一种高效节能的膜工艺中AZI去除和污染缓解方法。

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引用次数: 0

Superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces: Interfacial engineering for regulating bubble dynamics and acoustic signatures 超疏水/超亲水表面：调节气泡动力学和声学特征的界面工程

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.049

Yuxin Wang , Jingting Liu

Surface wettability governs critical interfacial phenomena at the solid-liquid-gas three-phase boundary. It serves as a pivotal factor in regulating bubble dynamics, which in turn fundamentally dictates bubble acoustic emissions. However, despite this intrinsic link, a comprehensive synthesis elucidating the relationship between surface wettability and bubble acoustics remains absent, and the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. To address this gap, this paper systematically reviews state-of-the-art methodologies for engineering superhydrophobic (contact angle >150º) and superhydrophilic (contact angle <5º) surfaces via the synergistic combination of laser texturing and low-surface-energy chemical modification. It provides an in-depth elucidation of the physical mechanisms linking wettability gradients to the thermodynamics of bubble nucleation, the mechanics of directional transport, and the modulation of acoustic signatures. By identifying current challenges in wettability-driven bubble control, this study offers critical theoretical insights and innovative design concepts for advancing ship drag reduction and mitigating underwater noise, measures that are crucial for the conservation of marine ecosystems.

表面润湿性决定了固液气三相边界的关键界面现象。它是调节气泡动力学的关键因素，而气泡动力学又从根本上决定了气泡声发射。然而，尽管存在这种内在联系，但仍然没有全面综合阐明表面润湿性和气泡声学之间的关系，其潜在机制尚未得到充分理解。为了解决这一差距，本文系统地回顾了通过激光织构和低表面能化学修饰的协同结合，工程超疏水（接触角>；150º）和超亲水（接触角<；5º）表面的最新方法。它提供了一个深入阐明的物理机制，将润湿性梯度与气泡成核的热力学，定向输运的力学，和声学特征的调制。通过确定当前在润湿性驱动的气泡控制方面面临的挑战，本研究为推进船舶减阻和减轻水下噪声提供了关键的理论见解和创新的设计概念，这些措施对保护海洋生态系统至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Honeycomb activated carbon/α-FeOOH catalyst: Construction of heterogeneous chemical and electrical Fenton for treating coking wastewater and dynamic practicality assessment 蜂窝活性炭/α-FeOOH催化剂：处理焦化废水的非均相化学Fenton和电Fenton的构建及动态实用性评价

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.050

Lei Chen , Yuting Guo , Yanqiu Wang , Yin Tang , Hong Liu , Yixian Wang , Shuangyu Wang , Zishan Yin , Yong Li

Coking wastewater is an organic wastewater containing recalcitrant contaminants. If not treated properly, it poses a serious threat to public health and environment. In this study, a novel heterogeneous Fenton catalyst, honeycomb activated carbon (HAC)/α-FeOOH, was fabricated via an impregnation and calcination method, in which HAC served as a support matrix for immobilizing α-FeOOH. HAC/α-FeOOH exhibits notable process-intensification attributes, including broad pH adaptability (3−9), high efficiency, and practical applicability. In heterogeneous chemical Fenton, the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH₃-N, and color reached 89.3 %, 85 %, and 90 %, respectively. In the heterogeneous electrical Fenton (hetero-EF), the concentrations of COD and NH₃-N were both decreased to below the detection limit. The color removal efficiency reached 99 %. Kinetic analysis revealed that COD reduction followed first-order reaction kinetics. Both quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra confirmed that the hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generated is the primary active substance for removing pollutants. Spectral analyses provided evidence of the effective degradation of heterocyclic and aromatic compounds. A miniaturized dynamic apparatus was constructed using HAC/α-FeOOH to mimic real industrial conditions. Over 48 h of continuous operation, the apparatus maintained excellent removal efficiency and stability, confirming the stable performance and practical application potential of HAC/α-FeOOH.

焦化废水是一种含有顽固性污染物的有机废水。如果处理不当，它会对公众健康和环境构成严重威胁。本研究以蜂窝活性炭(HAC)/α-FeOOH为载体，通过浸渍和煅烧法制备了一种新型非均相Fenton催化剂——蜂窝活性炭(HAC)/α-FeOOH。HAC/α-FeOOH具有明显的过程强化特性，包括广泛的pH适应性（3−9）、高效率和实用性。在非均相化学Fenton中，化学需氧量（COD）、NH₃-N和颜色的去除率分别达到89.3% %、85 %和90 %。在非均相电Fenton （hetero-EF）中，COD和NH₃-N的浓度均降至检测限以下。去色效率达到99% %。动力学分析表明，COD的还原符合一级反应动力学。猝灭实验和电子顺磁共振（EPR）谱都证实了所产生的羟基自由基（·OH）是去除污染物的主要活性物质。光谱分析提供了杂环和芳香族化合物有效降解的证据。采用HAC/α-FeOOH构建了模拟真实工业条件的小型动态装置。在48 h的连续运行时间内，装置保持了良好的去除率和稳定性，证实了HAC/α-FeOOH的稳定性能和实际应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Study on evaluation method of drilling fluid-salt formation interaction based on radial flow equivalence 基于径向流等效的钻井液-盐地层相互作用评价方法研究

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.041

Yuan He, Li Kang, Rong Li, Tong Cheng, Fu Li, Bo Yang

During the processes of drilling fluid circulation and cementing operation, the working fluid in the wellbore annulus mainly exhibits axial flow. Traditional large-scale axial flow simulation devices, such as horizontal well drilling fluid sand-carrying devices, can relatively truly reproduce the flow state of working fluid. However, they have problems including large volume, high cost, and inconvenience in operation and maintenance, which result in low utilization rate in conventional experiments. To date, no dedicated device has been developed for the simulation of axial flow by means of radial flow. This study proposes a new method that uses radial flow to simulate axial flow, aiming to evaluate the performance changes of oil and gas field working fluid when it flows through salt formations, as well as the effects of erosion and contamination on salt formations caused by the working fluid. It conducts research on the interaction method with working fluid as the subject and salt formation as the object, deduces the equivalent semi-theoretical formula between radial flow and axial flow under the conditions of shear rate and contact area, and develops a set of simulation experimental devices. The innovation of this study does not lie in the radial flow equivalence principle itself, but in its specific application to the solid-liquid coupling of drilling fluid-salt formation and the full-chain simulation of erosion-dissolution-contamination in salt formations. Taking laboratory experiments as an example, after 120 min of erosion on the salt formation by two drilling fluid systems (DSP and JHJS) optimized through this evaluation method, the variation range of rheological properties and fluid loss performance is 5%–10%, the dissolution depth of the salt formation is tiny, and the surface morphology remains unchanged. This method can provide an operable experimental means for the evaluation of drilling fluid salt resistance and the optimization of drilling formulas for salt formations. It also has guiding significance in practical construction, as it can realize cycle optimization in both deep wells and medium-shallow wells, and provide reliable technical support for the design and on-site application of drilling fluid systems under complex well conditions.

在钻井液循环和固井作业过程中，井筒环空的工作流体主要表现为轴向流动。传统的大型轴流模拟装置，如水平井钻井液携砂装置，可以比较真实地再现工作流体的流动状态。但存在体积大、成本高、操作维护不方便等问题，在常规实验中利用率较低。到目前为止，还没有研制出用径向流模拟轴向流的专用装置。本研究提出了一种利用径向流模拟轴向流的新方法，旨在评估油气田工作液流过盐层时的性能变化，以及工作液对盐层的侵蚀和污染影响。研究了以工质流体为主体，以盐层为对象的相互作用方法，推导了剪切速率和接触面积条件下径向流与轴向流的等效半理论公式，研制了一套模拟实验装置。本研究的创新之处不在于径向流动等效原理本身，而在于将其具体应用于钻井液-盐地层固液耦合以及盐地层侵蚀-溶蚀-污染全链模拟。以室内实验为例，通过该评价方法优化的两种钻井液体系（DSP和JHJS）对盐层进行120 min的侵蚀后，其流变性能和滤失性能的变化范围为5% ~ 10%，盐层溶解深度很小，表面形貌保持不变。该方法可为盐层钻井液抗盐性评价和钻井配方优化提供一种可操作的实验手段。在实际施工中具有指导意义，可实现深井和中浅井的循环优化，为复杂井况下钻井液体系的设计和现场应用提供可靠的技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Micro-feeding and mixing of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms under external vibration 外部振动作用下药物固体剂型的微加料和混合

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.048

Liang Zhang , Haifeng Lu , Xiaolei Guo , Haifeng Liu

This study addresses the challenges of micro-dosing and mixing in the continuous manufacturing of solid pharmaceutical formulations by developing a novel continuous feeding-mixing system based on external vibration excitation. The innovative design of a hopper structure with adjustable outlet area distribution demonstrated the potential for achieving precise mixing control of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and an excipient across varying ratios. Experiments first validated the promotion of viscous particle flow by vertical vibration, achieving stable feeding within the range of 0.6–15 mg/s. Building on this, precise control of mixing ratios was enabled by designing different outlet area ratios. In mixing performance evaluation, online X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy confirmed the system achieves high-uniformity mixing with a coefficient of variation below 10 %. The study further revealed that optimal mixing stability occurs when Γ < 5, whereas excessive vibration degrades mixing quality.

本研究通过开发一种基于外部振动激励的新型连续进料混合系统，解决了固体制剂连续生产中微量加药和混合的挑战。具有可调节出口面积分布的料斗结构的创新设计展示了实现活性药物成分（API）和赋形剂在不同比例的精确混合控制的潜力。实验首先验证了垂直振动对粘性颗粒流动的促进作用，在0.6-15 mg/s范围内实现了稳定进料。在此基础上，通过设计不同的出口面积比，可以精确控制混合比。在混合性能评价中，在线x射线荧光光谱分析证实该体系实现了高均匀混合，变异系数小于10 %。研究进一步表明，当Γ <； 5时，混合稳定性最佳，而过度振动会降低混合质量。

引用次数: 0

Robust scheduling of crude oil farming and processing under uncertainty 不确定条件下原油开采加工的鲁棒调度

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.045

Damla Yalcin, Hasan Sildir

The sulphur content in crude oil has a significant impact on refinery operations, influencing the feasibility of crude blending, the distribution of product yields, and overall economic performance. Variations in sulphur content introduce uncertainty in the short-term scheduling of crude oil loading, blending, and distillation processes. This study introduces a scenario-based stochastic optimization framework in which sulphur uncertainty is treated as a central modeling element, represented through a regression-based relationship with specific gravity (SG). The approach systematically propagates uncertainty through blending decisions, crude distillation unit (CDU) feed composition, and product yields. The problem is modeled as a mixed-integer quadratically constrained programming (MIQCP) formulation within a continuous-time scheduling framework, enabling the simultaneous optimization of timing, blending, and processing strategies. The results indicate that increased sulphur uncertainty adversely affects the distribution of yields for nine end-products, resulting in profit losses. These findings underscore the importance of explicitly managing compositional uncertainty and provide insights into cost-performance trade-offs in refinery scheduling.

原油中的硫含量对炼油厂的操作有重大影响，影响着原油调合的可行性、产品收率的分布和整体经济效益。硫含量的变化给原油装载、混合和蒸馏过程的短期调度带来了不确定性。本研究引入了一个基于场景的随机优化框架，其中硫不确定性被视为中心建模元素，通过基于回归的比重（SG）关系表示。该方法通过混合决策、原油蒸馏装置（CDU）原料组成和产品产量系统地传播不确定性。将该问题建模为连续时间调度框架中的混合整数二次约束规划（MIQCP）公式，实现了定时、混合和加工策略的同时优化。结果表明，硫不确定度的增加对九种最终产品的产率分布产生不利影响，导致利润损失。这些发现强调了明确管理成分不确定性的重要性，并为炼油厂调度中的成本效益权衡提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

PdO-sensitized MoO3/SiO2 S-scheme heterojunction as a highly efficient and reusable photocatalyst for visible-light driven Hg(II) remediation pdo敏化MoO3/SiO2 S-scheme异质结作为一种高效、可重复使用的光催化剂用于可见光驱动的汞（II）修复

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.047

Abeer A. Rajhi , Amal S. Basaleh , Naif S. Aljohani , Ahmed Shawky , Mostafa E. Salem , Reda M. Mohamed

The progress of highly efficient and robust photocatalysts is essential for addressing the global challenge of heavy metal water contamination. In this work, a novel ternary nanocomposite was constructed by impregnating trace amounts of palladium(II) oxide (PdO) nanoparticles onto a silica-supported molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃/SiO₂) framework via a facile sol-gel method. The resulting PdO/MoO₃/SiO₂ heterostructures were thoroughly characterized to improve their photocatalytic performance. The heterostructure with an optimal loading of 4.0 wt% PdO verified superior properties, including relatively higher specific surface area of 150.19 m²g^–1, a significantly lessened optical bandgap of 2.11 eV, and distinctly improved charge carrier separation. Under visible-light exposure, this adjusted photocatalyst displayed outstanding activity, achieving the complete photoreduction of aqueous Hg(II) ions in an faster timeframe of 45 min. The reaction tracked pseudo-first-order kinetics, with a high initial rate of 29.06 µM min^–1. The catalyst also exhibits extraordinary stability, preserving 96 % of its initial efficiency after five recycles. These findings indicate the PdO/MoO₃/SiO₂ nanocomposite as a capable, high-performance photocatalyst for real application in environmental remediation.

高效强效光催化剂的研究是解决重金属水污染问题的关键。在这项工作中，通过简单的溶胶-凝胶法将微量氧化钯（PdO）纳米颗粒浸渍在二氧化硅支撑的三氧化钼（MoO3/SiO2）框架上，构建了一种新型三元纳米复合材料。对所得的PdO/MoO3/SiO2异质结构进行了全面表征，以提高其光催化性能。最佳负载为4.0 wt% PdO的异质结构验证了其优越的性能，包括相对较高的比表面积150.19 m2g-1，光学带隙显著减小2.11 eV，并明显改善了电荷载流子分离。在可见光照射下，这种调整后的光催化剂表现出出色的活性，在45 min的更快时间内实现了水相Hg（II）离子的完全光还原。反应遵循准一级动力学，初始速率为29.06 µM min-1。催化剂还表现出非凡的稳定性，在五次循环后保持96% %的初始效率。这些研究结果表明，PdO/MoO3/SiO2纳米复合材料作为一种高性能的光催化剂在环境修复中具有实际应用价值。

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引用次数: 0

Competitive exchange model of aluminium ions and rare earth ions in the leaching of ion-adsorption type rare earth ores 离子吸附型稀土矿浸出过程中铝离子与稀土离子的竞争交换模型

IF 3.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2026.01.037

Ying Huang , Sihai Luo , Bengen Hong , Yanliang Wang , Ping Long

Aluminium ions (Al³⁺) substantially influence the leaching of rare earth ions (REs). A competitive exchange model between Al³ ⁺ and REs was established to present a rational source-sink term for simulating the leaching process of ion-adsorption type rare earth ores. In this study, the yttrium ions (Y^3 +) were used to represent REs. Isothermal equilibrium ion exchange batch experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration on the competitive exchange features between Al³ ⁺ and Y³⁺ by using magnesium sulphate solutions at varying pH levels to leach pure yttrium samples, pure aluminium samples and mixed Al-Y samples. The experiments investigated the impact of hydrogen ion (H⁺) concentration on the competitive exchange features between Al³ ⁺ and Y³⁺. The findings demonstrated that H⁺ concentration had an attenuating effect on the initial solid phase concentrations of both Y³⁺ and Al³ ⁺ before exchange. A two-parameter logistic function of H⁺ concentration could describe this attenuation coefficient. Then, integrating the Kerr model, a competitive exchange model for Al³ ⁺ and Y³⁺ was developed. Compared with the experimental data, all the determination coefficients exceeded 0.850, implying that the proposed mathematical model exhibited high accuracy.

铝离子（Al³+）对稀土离子（REs）的浸出有较大影响。建立了Al³ +与REs的竞争交换模型，为模拟离子吸附型稀土矿浸出过程提供了合理的源汇项。本研究以钇离子（Y3 +）代表res，采用不同pH值的硫酸镁溶液浸出纯钇样品、纯铝样品和混合Al- y样品，进行等温平衡离子交换批实验，研究氢离子（H +）浓度对Al³ +与Y3+竞争交换特性的影响。实验研究了氢离子（H +）浓度对Al³ +与Y3+之间竞争交换特性的影响。研究结果表明，H +浓度对交换前Y3+和Al³ ⁺的初始固相浓度都有衰减作用。H⁺浓度的双参数logistic函数可以描述这种衰减系数。然后，结合Kerr模型，建立了Al³ +与Y3+的竞争交换模型。与实验数据相比，所有决定系数均超过0.850，表明所提出的数学模型具有较高的精度。

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