Chemical Engineering Research & Design最新文献

英文中文

Quantification of temperature-dependent CO2 adsorption kinetics in Lewatit VP OC 1065, Purolite A110, and TIFSIX-3-Ni for direct air capture

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.048

May-Yin (Ashlyn) Low , David Danaci , Callum Sturman , Camille Petit

One of the critical factors affecting the performance of an adsorption-based direct air capture (DAC) process is the CO₂ adsorption kinetics. Yet, this data is not currently available in the literature for many DAC adsorbents, particularly at the relevant conditions for DAC (i.e. ∼ 0.04 %_vol or 400 ppm). In this study, we report temperature-dependent linear driving force constants (k_LDF(T)) measured at 400 ppm CO₂ between 20 °C and 70 °C for three promising DAC adsorbents: Lewatit VP OC 1065, Purolite A110, and TIFSIX-3-Ni. The experimental data was fitted using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) to determine the k_LDF(T) constants with the experimental standard deviation also presented as a fitted parameter, as it was not possible to fully characterise the experimental uncertainty otherwise. TIFSIX-3-Ni exhibits the fastest adsorption kinetics across the whole temperature range, while Purolite A110 has faster adsorption kinetics compared to Lewatit VP OC 1065 at temperatures greater than 40 °C. Overall, the k_LDF(T) values determined in this work can be used for initial process scale modelling to assess the process performance of these adsorbents for DAC, while future work is required to ascertain the controlling diffusion mechanisms, and reaction kinetics, over a wide range of conditions.

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引用次数: 0

Prediction of catalyst lifetime from short-term experimental results: A case study on dehydrogenation of heavy n-paraffins over Pt-based catalysts

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.02.001

Farnaz Tahriri Zangeneh, Saeed Sahebdelfar

The deactivation behavior of Pt-based catalysts in dehydrogenation of normal paraffins was investigated by different methods to elucidate the long-term behavior from short-term (10–100 h) data. Empirical power-law, kinetic modeling and accelerated deactivation tests were employed for analysis of the rate data. The methods were evaluated for extrapolating the conversion-time data using long-term (700 h) test results (temperature 475˚C, pressure 1.7 bar, H₂/HC=6 mol/mol, liquid hourly space velocity 20 h⁻¹) of a benchmark commercial catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. The fresh and used catalysts were characterized by BET, XRF and TG-DTA methods. The kinetic model showed superior results in predicting the deactivation trend. It was used to compare the effect of Li and Mg promoters on a multimetallic catalyst. From the kinetic parameters of the model the order of activity was Pt-Sn-In-Mg/Al₂O₃ > Pt-Sn-In/Al₂O₃ > Commercial > Pt-Sn-In-Li/Al₂O₃ and the order of stability was Pt-Sn-In-Li/Al₂O₃ > Pt-Sn-In/Al₂O₃ > Pt-Sn-In-Mg/Al₂O₃ > Commercial.

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引用次数: 0

Multistage three-phase extraction as a tool for application of deep eutectic solvents in non-ferrous metals separation processes

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.002

Artak E. Kostanyan , Dmitriy V. Lobovich , Yulia A. Zakhodyaeva , Aslan Yu. Tsivadze , Andrey A. Voshkin

Advancing highly efficient hydrometallurgical technologies non-ferrous metals from mineral and secondary raw materials involves the development of both of new extraction systems and hardware solutions based on closed-loop principles. In this paper, the authors propose, and report on the implementation of, a model process for the extraction of non-ferrous metals from aqueous solutions using the deep eutectic solvent D2EHPA/menthol (4:6) in a laboratory extraction plant comprising a cascade of mixer-settlers. Optimal conditions for the extraction of copper and nickel, using the deep eutectic solvent, were established. A comparative analysis of the processes in the cascade of extractors, operating in the mode of multistage three-phase extraction versus counter current multistage extraction-stripping mode, was conducted. It was shown that the hardware solution based on the multistage three-phase extraction provides the greatest level of efficiency of metal extraction and is suitable for the extraction and concentration of the metals from dilute solutions. The obtained experimental data allowed us to calculate the real scheme of separation considering the thermodynamic equilibrium establishment time. It was established that the multistage three-phase extraction technique is a very promising hardware solution for implementing hydrometallurgical processes for separation and concentration non-ferrous metals from solutions using deep eutectic solvents.

{"title":"Multistage three-phase extraction as a tool for application of deep eutectic solvents in non-ferrous metals separation processes","authors":"Artak E. Kostanyan , Dmitriy V. Lobovich , Yulia A. Zakhodyaeva , Aslan Yu. Tsivadze , Andrey A. Voshkin","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancing highly efficient hydrometallurgical technologies non-ferrous metals from mineral and secondary raw materials involves the development of both of new extraction systems and hardware solutions based on closed-loop principles. In this paper, the authors propose, and report on the implementation of, a model process for the extraction of non-ferrous metals from aqueous solutions using the deep eutectic solvent D2EHPA/menthol (4:6) in a laboratory extraction plant comprising a cascade of mixer-settlers. Optimal conditions for the extraction of copper and nickel, using the deep eutectic solvent, were established. A comparative analysis of the processes in the cascade of extractors, operating in the mode of multistage three-phase extraction versus counter current multistage extraction-stripping mode, was conducted. It was shown that the hardware solution based on the multistage three-phase extraction provides the greatest level of efficiency of metal extraction and is suitable for the extraction and concentration of the metals from dilute solutions. The obtained experimental data allowed us to calculate the real scheme of separation considering the thermodynamic equilibrium establishment time. It was established that the multistage three-phase extraction technique is a very promising hardware solution for implementing hydrometallurgical processes for separation and concentration non-ferrous metals from solutions using deep eutectic solvents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"214 ","pages":"Pages 339-350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced distributed learning-based coordination of multiple approximate MPC for large-scale systems

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.028

Rui Ren, Shaoyuan Li

In the field of process control, there exists a category of large-scale systems composed of multiple interrelated subsystems. Model Predictive Control (MPC) provides an effective control framework for these systems; however, it still faces challenges in handling larger-scale systems and reducing online computation costs. To address these issues, this paper innovatively proposes a distributed learning and approximate control scheme. Firstly, for each subsystem, we obtain a neural network-based approximate MPC controller by utilizing local information for offline training. Subsequently, we design a distributed reinforcement learning method, where the local approximate controllers make coordinated decisions by sharing information with their neighbors. This strategy not only focuses on the performance of the subsystems themselves but also takes into account the performance of neighboring subsystems, thereby effectively enhancing the overall performance of the approximate controllers. Additionally, we adopt a strategy that combines online learning and offline training to cope with changes in system characteristics during the process. The proposed scheme demonstrates good tracking performance, robustness and adaptability, illustrated through an example of a typical chemical process.

{"title":"Enhanced distributed learning-based coordination of multiple approximate MPC for large-scale systems","authors":"Rui Ren, Shaoyuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of process control, there exists a category of large-scale systems composed of multiple interrelated subsystems. Model Predictive Control (MPC) provides an effective control framework for these systems; however, it still faces challenges in handling larger-scale systems and reducing online computation costs. To address these issues, this paper innovatively proposes a distributed learning and approximate control scheme. Firstly, for each subsystem, we obtain a neural network-based approximate MPC controller by utilizing local information for offline training. Subsequently, we design a distributed reinforcement learning method, where the local approximate controllers make coordinated decisions by sharing information with their neighbors. This strategy not only focuses on the performance of the subsystems themselves but also takes into account the performance of neighboring subsystems, thereby effectively enhancing the overall performance of the approximate controllers. Additionally, we adopt a strategy that combines online learning and offline training to cope with changes in system characteristics during the process. The proposed scheme demonstrates good tracking performance, robustness and adaptability, illustrated through an example of a typical chemical process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"214 ","pages":"Pages 114-124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A lattice Boltzmann framework for simulating reactive fluid flow with variable viscosity in porous media

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.001

Hossein Mehrjoo , Amir Ehsan Feili Monfared , Saeed Jafari , Saeid Norouzi-Apourvari , Mahin Schaffie

This study investigates the influence of pH on the dissolution process during acidizing simulations, comparing Newtonian reactive fluids with variable viscosity to those with constant viscosity. To achieve this, a specialized algorithm was developed within the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) framework to model pH-dependent viscosity and evaluate its accuracy. Simulations were conducted in both simple and complex porous media across a range of Damkohler (Da) and Peclet (Pe) numbers. The results demonstrated that the LBM exhibited high accuracy at low (average normalized error: 0.42 %) and medium (average normalized error: 0.19 %) angular frequencies, though accuracy declined at high angular frequencies (average normalized error: 2.02 %). Adjustments to lattice spacing and relaxation times improved convergence rates, achieving an order greater than one. Boundary conditions also significantly influenced LBM performance: Dirichlet conditions ensured reliable accuracy, while sinusoidal conditions introduced errors at higher frequencies. Comparisons between Newtonian reactive fluids with constant viscosity and those with variable viscosity revealed distinct behaviors depending on the medium. In porous media, higher Da numbers (e.g., 100 in this study) resulted in significant permeability enhancement. Conversely, in simple fracture domains, higher Da numbers caused a decline in the permeability-porosity relationship. Furthermore, in porous media, higher Pe numbers (e.g., 7 in this study) led to pronounced permeability increases for both fluids, whereas more complex behavior was observed in simple fracture domains. Fluids with constant viscosity exhibited greater permeability increases during dissolution, attributed to their unique rheological properties. These findings advance the application of the LBM for modeling Newtonian fluids with variable viscosity and provide valuable insights into pH-dependent behavior in acidizing processes.

{"title":"A lattice Boltzmann framework for simulating reactive fluid flow with variable viscosity in porous media","authors":"Hossein Mehrjoo , Amir Ehsan Feili Monfared , Saeed Jafari , Saeid Norouzi-Apourvari , Mahin Schaffie","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of pH on the dissolution process during acidizing simulations, comparing Newtonian reactive fluids with variable viscosity to those with constant viscosity. To achieve this, a specialized algorithm was developed within the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) framework to model pH-dependent viscosity and evaluate its accuracy. Simulations were conducted in both simple and complex porous media across a range of Damkohler (Da) and Peclet (Pe) numbers. The results demonstrated that the LBM exhibited high accuracy at low (average normalized error: 0.42 %) and medium (average normalized error: 0.19 %) angular frequencies, though accuracy declined at high angular frequencies (average normalized error: 2.02 %). Adjustments to lattice spacing and relaxation times improved convergence rates, achieving an order greater than one. Boundary conditions also significantly influenced LBM performance: Dirichlet conditions ensured reliable accuracy, while sinusoidal conditions introduced errors at higher frequencies. Comparisons between Newtonian reactive fluids with constant viscosity and those with variable viscosity revealed distinct behaviors depending on the medium. In porous media, higher Da numbers (e.g., 100 in this study) resulted in significant permeability enhancement. Conversely, in simple fracture domains, higher Da numbers caused a decline in the permeability-porosity relationship. Furthermore, in porous media, higher Pe numbers (e.g., 7 in this study) led to pronounced permeability increases for both fluids, whereas more complex behavior was observed in simple fracture domains. Fluids with constant viscosity exhibited greater permeability increases during dissolution, attributed to their unique rheological properties. These findings advance the application of the LBM for modeling Newtonian fluids with variable viscosity and provide valuable insights into pH-dependent behavior in acidizing processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"214 ","pages":"Pages 298-316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of addition NH3 and N2 dilution on combustion and the emission characteristics of syngas

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.039

Fahui Wang , Chuanshuang Xiao , Dan Zhang , Yao Wang , Xiaoping Wen , Haoxin Deng , Guoyan Chen

This study investigates the potential advantages of co-combustion of ammonia with syngas, particularly in terms of combustion characteristics and pollutant emission levels. Given the inherently low combustion velocity and high ignition energy of pure ammonia, blending it with syngas could yield beneficial outcomes. Experiments involving the addition of NH₃ and N₂ dilution were conducted in a constant volume combustion chamber at T = 298 K and P = 0.1 Mpa, with numerical simulations performed using CHEMKIN. The experimental data reveal that NH3 addition reduces the laminar flame speed, thereby promoting a more stable flame propagation. Concurrently, a reduction in the concentration of H/OH radicals is observed. Notably, when the NH₃ proportion reaches 20 %-30 %, the molar fraction of NO peaks, and in the overall pathway, the contribution from the NH₃-NH₂-NH-N-N₂ reaction is enhanced. Additionally, N₂ dilution is found to lower the laminar flame speed and mitigate flame instability. This dilution also results in a reduced maximum NO molar fraction, effectively curbing NO_x emissions without a significant alteration in the reaction mechanism. These findings are instrumental in enhancing the combustion efficiency of ammonia/syngas mixtures and mitigating pollutant emissions.

{"title":"Effects of addition NH3 and N2 dilution on combustion and the emission characteristics of syngas","authors":"Fahui Wang , Chuanshuang Xiao , Dan Zhang , Yao Wang , Xiaoping Wen , Haoxin Deng , Guoyan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the potential advantages of co-combustion of ammonia with syngas, particularly in terms of combustion characteristics and pollutant emission levels. Given the inherently low combustion velocity and high ignition energy of pure ammonia, blending it with syngas could yield beneficial outcomes. Experiments involving the addition of NH<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> dilution were conducted in a constant volume combustion chamber at T = 298 K and P = 0.1 Mpa, with numerical simulations performed using CHEMKIN. The experimental data reveal that NH3 addition reduces the laminar flame speed, thereby promoting a more stable flame propagation. Concurrently, a reduction in the concentration of H/OH radicals is observed. Notably, when the NH<sub>3</sub> proportion reaches 20 %-30 %, the molar fraction of NO peaks, and in the overall pathway, the contribution from the NH<sub>3</sub>-NH<sub>2</sub>-NH-N-N<sub>2</sub> reaction is enhanced. Additionally, N<sub>2</sub> dilution is found to lower the laminar flame speed and mitigate flame instability. This dilution also results in a reduced maximum NO molar fraction, effectively curbing NO<sub>x</sub> emissions without a significant alteration in the reaction mechanism. These findings are instrumental in enhancing the combustion efficiency of ammonia/syngas mixtures and mitigating pollutant emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"214 ","pages":"Pages 154-165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation on the bubble characteristics in a gas-solid sound-assisted separation fluidized bed

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.023

Xuan Xu , Gansu Zhang , Zengqiang Chen , Zhi Zhang , Liang Dong

Bubble characteristic is one of the most important parameters affecting back-mixing/circulation and mixing/segregation processes of the particles, and this characteristic may be modified through sound vibrations. The effects of the acoustic field on the bubbles number, size and frequency were systematically investigated in a sound pressure level range of 110–130 dB at the frequencies of 110–170 Hz. Results show that the most pronounced inhibition effect of the acoustic on the bubble size was achieved in the frequency range of 120–130 Hz. Independently of how the sound pressure level and sound frequency were adjusted, the bubble size inhibition index decreased first and then increased along the bed height. As the sound pressure level increased to 130 dB, the number of large bubbles (>2 cm) almost disappeared. At the sound frequency of 130 Hz, the ratio of the bubble frequency in the presence of the sound field to that in the absence of the sound field was less than 1. A bubble size distribution prediction model was established to make up for the lack of information on bubble growth prediction in sound-assisted fluidized beds, and the error of the bubble size distribution model was found to be within 17 %.

{"title":"Experimental investigation on the bubble characteristics in a gas-solid sound-assisted separation fluidized bed","authors":"Xuan Xu , Gansu Zhang , Zengqiang Chen , Zhi Zhang , Liang Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bubble characteristic is one of the most important parameters affecting back-mixing/circulation and mixing/segregation processes of the particles, and this characteristic may be modified through sound vibrations. The effects of the acoustic field on the bubbles number, size and frequency were systematically investigated in a sound pressure level range of 110–130 dB at the frequencies of 110–170 Hz. Results show that the most pronounced inhibition effect of the acoustic on the bubble size was achieved in the frequency range of 120–130 Hz. Independently of how the sound pressure level and sound frequency were adjusted, the bubble size inhibition index decreased first and then increased along the bed height. As the sound pressure level increased to 130 dB, the number of large bubbles (>2 cm) almost disappeared. At the sound frequency of 130 Hz, the ratio of the bubble frequency in the presence of the sound field to that in the absence of the sound field was less than 1. A bubble size distribution prediction model was established to make up for the lack of information on bubble growth prediction in sound-assisted fluidized beds, and the error of the bubble size distribution model was found to be within 17 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"214 ","pages":"Pages 1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation of countercurrent liquid-liquid extraction columns using an accelerated arclength homotopy continuation method

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.026

Sebastián Gómez-Páez , Jaime Eduardo Arturo-Calvache , Jaime León Aguilar-Arias , César Augusto Sánchez-Correa

In this work, the simulation of both non-equilibrium and non-isothermal liquid-liquid extraction processes was studied through the development of a robust algorithm, based on a new combination, comprising (1) an accelerated arclength homotopy continuation method, with both Broyden updating and asymptotic expansion, and (2) “Inside-Out” strategies. This compelling algorithm managed to exhibit convergence under the mathematical complexity of the rigorous MERSHQ equations (Material balances, Energy balances, Rate equations, Summation constraints, Hydraulic equations and eQuilibrium equations), including drop formation, drop coalescence and drop falling/rising as the accepted transport phenomena in sieve tray extractors.

The proposed method was validated by the simulation of the three well stablished problems: two examples related with experimental tests carried out in an extraction column for the systems water – acetone – toluene and water-acetic acid- methyl-isobutyl-ketone, and one theoretical example related with the recovery of butyric acid from aqueous solutions using xylene as solvent. In all cases, calculations are in good agreement with the experimental or theoretical data.

The algorithm herein developed contributes to new and more efficient computational performance towards the simulation of liquid-liquid extraction processes, as numerical drawbacks such as divergence, requirement of accurate initial estimates are overcome.

{"title":"Simulation of countercurrent liquid-liquid extraction columns using an accelerated arclength homotopy continuation method","authors":"Sebastián Gómez-Páez , Jaime Eduardo Arturo-Calvache , Jaime León Aguilar-Arias , César Augusto Sánchez-Correa","doi":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the simulation of both non-equilibrium and non-isothermal liquid-liquid extraction processes was studied through the development of a robust algorithm, based on a new combination, comprising (1) an accelerated arclength homotopy continuation method, with both Broyden updating and asymptotic expansion, and (2) “Inside-Out” strategies. This compelling algorithm managed to exhibit convergence under the mathematical complexity of the rigorous MERSHQ equations (Material balances, Energy balances, Rate equations, Summation constraints, Hydraulic equations and eQuilibrium equations), including drop formation, drop coalescence and drop falling/rising as the accepted transport phenomena in sieve tray extractors.</div><div>The proposed method was validated by the simulation of the three well stablished problems: two examples related with experimental tests carried out in an extraction column for the systems water – acetone – toluene and water-acetic acid- methyl-isobutyl-ketone, and one theoretical example related with the recovery of butyric acid from aqueous solutions using xylene as solvent. In all cases, calculations are in good agreement with the experimental or theoretical data.</div><div>The algorithm herein developed contributes to new and more efficient computational performance towards the simulation of liquid-liquid extraction processes, as numerical drawbacks such as divergence, requirement of accurate initial estimates are overcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10019,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Research & Design","volume":"214 ","pages":"Pages 281-297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation on the electrostatic characteristics and discharge dynamics of non-uniformly charged powder in silos

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2025.01.004

Qiao Wang , Gaoqiang Zhang , Xiantao Du , Cai Liang , Xiaoping Chen , Jiliang Ma

Electrostatic discharges of charged powders in silos can lead to fires or even explosions, however, the effect of different charging parameters on the characteristics of electrostatic discharges has not been sufficiently investigated. The electrostatic and discharge characteristics under different powder conditions in silos are investigated by developing a discharge plasma fluid model. The results show that the filling height significantly affects the heap surface electric field, which causes the different discharge locations and patterns. The effects of charge differences and particle segregation on the heap surface electric field are explored. The maximum value of the electric field strength under bipolar charge distribution increases by 28.5 % compared to the uniformly charged powder. Particle segregation significantly increases the heap surface electric field strength at the center of the silo. In addition, the discharge dynamics of the different polarity powders under non-uniform charging conditions are indicated. The discharge pattern, discharge velocity and electric field variation of different polarity discharges are comparably analyzed.

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引用次数: 0

Effects of temperature, relative humidity, and sludge thickness on sludge drying characteristics and kinetic investigation

IF 3.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Research & Design

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.038

Jie Sun , Yu Wang , Yutong Wang , Chen Liu , Shuo Ma , Hongting Ma

In order to analyze the drying and kinetic characteristics of sludge, drying experiments were designed and carried out in this paper. The changes of each key indicator in the drying process were investigated under drying temperature of 40–80 ℃, relative humidity of drying air of 7∼35 %, and sludge thickness of 1–9 mm, respectively. The results showed that the drying time was shortened by 12.63 % for each 10 ℃ increase in the range of 40–70 ℃. However, when the temperature was increased to 80 ℃, the drying time reduced significantly, and the drying rate of the sludge increased by 25.53 %. Reducing relative humidity shortened the drying time, and when the relative humidity was below 14 %, the relative humidity had no significant effect on the drying time. The reduction of sludge thickness decreased the drying time significantly, and the maximum drying rate of 1 mm thick sludge was 86.73 % higher than that of 9 mm. When the sludge thickness was 5 mm, the drying energy consumption per unit mass reached the minimum value of 49.63 kJ/g. The effective diffusion coefficient was positively correlated with temperature and thickness, while the opposite existed with relative humidity. The activation energy of drying under 3 mm thickness is 15.293 kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor is 8.951E-08 m²/s. The sludge drying followed the Midilli model, where the model parameters a and n were mainly affected by constants, and the R² of model parameters b and k were 0.628 and 0.891, respectively. The results can provide reliable parameter guidance for strengthening sludge drying performance and reducing drying energy consumption.

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