Briefings in Real Estate Finance最新文献

Developers and acquirers of single credit tenant properties sometimes overlook lease terms that can dramatically affect the ultimate capital leverage — or lowest and most accretive interest rate — that could be achievable on a particular property. Where remaining lease terms are greater than 15 years, this is a bit less of an issue; however, where terms are less than 15 years, it is critical. These lease issues can reduce the maximum leverage attainable based on the cash flows by more than 25 per cent. These issues are subtle and part of corporate America's push to sign shorter, more flexible leases than the 20-year bond-type leases that were common five to ten years ago. Real estate professionals cannot be faulted for not focusing on the financing implications of the structural nuances of these lease provisions and the financial constraints they create in the capital markets. This paper outlines the perspective of lenders and the capital markets on these lease issues and provisions to help developers and acquirers achieve the optimal capital structure and understand the specific economics of lease terms that impinge on the capital structure. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications

The following paper will address the potential use of mezzanine debt by a real estate buyer who is purchasing an office building in a major US market. Advantages and disadvantages of using mezzanine debt will be discussed and contrasted with alternative financing structures, including the use of additional equity. A short case study will be utilised to monitor the economic returns to the buyer in a best and worst case scenario. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications

Multifamily investment is popular with US institutional investors at present despite weak fundamentals in the rental market. There is evidence that apartments provide some protection from recessionary forces and are the first product type to recover from a downturn. Capital flows have increased to the sector, putting downward pressure on capitalisation rates. Development of new stock allows investors to capture the spread between return on cost to build and capitalisation rates on existing properties. Managing the risks inherent in development is a different prospect than underwriting existing properties. This paper examines methods for managing the risks associated with construction, marketing, financing and interest rate risk, among other factors. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications

This paper looks at how the use of interest rate derivatives by property companies has evolved in recent years, beyond the most basic. It is now commonplace for many of these companies to employ quite sophisticated hedging strategies. The authors present two hedging structures that would be classified as ‘non basic’ or to use the correct jargon ‘non vanilla’ and suggest that there is more innovation to come. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications

The aim of the Research review is to focus on current academic research which contributes to and enhances professional practice. The objective is to provide the busy practitioner with a synopsis of leading edge research in the area and hopefully to stimulate a desire for greater understanding and application of knowledge and techniques that will enhance professional practice. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications

Discounted cash flow (DCF) models have been criticised for using risky discount rates and subjective estimates of future cash flows. In addition, DCF models do not incorporate valuations of implicit options imbedded in capital projects. Recently, researchers have applied real options pricing models to evaluate real estate projects and contracts. However, the required assumptions and criteria for using these models may be absent in real estate projects, which raises the question whether these models produce better results or create more uncertainties for end users. This paper contains a review of the conditions and methods that have been proposed for applying real option models in real estate valuations. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications

Rosalind Rowe provides an overview of the key changes in taxation law which have affected real estate during the Labour Government's first term. In the first section she looks at new tax law introduced by the Finance Act 2001. In the second she looks back at what has happened since 1997. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications