Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications最新文献_第5页

Phage endolysin–polyphosphate/alginate nanocomplexes inhibit staphylococcal biofilms for implant protection 噬菌体内溶素-多磷酸/海藻酸盐纳米复合物抑制葡萄球菌生物膜对植入物的保护作用

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2026.101089

Mariana Blanco Massani , Dennis To , David Gintsburg , Lana Molnar , Ilaria Polidori , Susanne Meile , Anna Seybold , Burak Ünalan , Débora C. Coraça-Huber , Florentine Marx , Martin J. Loessner , Mathias Schmelcher , Szczepan Zapotoczny , Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch

Implant-associated infections caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus remain a major challenge in orthopedic surgery due to their robust biofilm formation and resistance to conventional antibiotics.

We aimed to develop an alginate-based delivery system for peptidoglycan hydrolase–polyphosphate (PGH-PP) nanoparticles to prevent staphylococcal biofilm formation on implant surfaces. These nanoparticles incorporated two chimeric phage-derived endolysins, GH15 and M23. Formulations were screened for antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against staphylococcal species using low- and very low-viscosity alginate. The nanostructure of the delivery systems was analyzed via transmission electron microscopy and phosphate release assays. Biocompatibility with MC3T3 preosteoblasts and the formulation´s impact on bone development were evaluated. Efficacy in inhibiting biofilm formation by S. epidermidis 9142 and S. aureus ATCC 25923 was assessed both on orthopedic implant surrogates and in co-culture experiments with MC3T3 preosteoblasts.

Very low-viscosity alginate (0.625% w/v), in conjunction with a synergistic combination of M23-PP and GH15-PP, formed well-defined complex coacervates of approximately 350 nm (M23-PP/GH15-PP/VL alginate). The developed nanocomplexes effectively eradicated both bacterial species and further inhibited biofilm formation on implants, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. M23-PP/GH15-PP/VL alginate was biocompatible with MC3T3 preosteoblasts supporting its potential use in orthopedic applications. When MC3T3 cells were co-cultured with S. epidermidis or S. aureus, M23-PP/GH15-PP/VL alginate treatment led to an 8 log reduction in bacterial counts, with healthy mammalian cells proliferating in the absence of bacteria.

These results highlight the potential of M23-PP/GH15-PP/VL alginate as a biocompatible approach to preventing staphylococcal biofilm formation, mitigating the risk of implant-related bone infections.

表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌引起的植入物相关感染由于其强大的生物膜形成和对常规抗生素的耐药性，仍然是骨科手术的主要挑战。我们的目标是开发一种基于海藻酸盐的肽聚糖水解酶-聚磷酸（PGH-PP）纳米颗粒递送系统，以防止葡萄球菌在植入物表面形成生物膜。这些纳米颗粒含有两种嵌合噬菌体衍生的内溶素GH15和M23。使用低粘度和极低粘度海藻酸盐对葡萄球菌进行抗菌和抗生物膜活性筛选。通过透射电子显微镜和磷酸盐释放实验分析了递送系统的纳米结构。评估其与MC3T3成骨前细胞的生物相容性以及对骨发育的影响。在骨科假体和MC3T3成骨前细胞共培养实验中，研究了表皮葡萄球菌9142和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923抑制生物膜形成的效果。非常低粘度的海藻酸盐（0.625% w/v），与M23-PP和GH15-PP的协同组合一起，形成了约350 nm的清晰的复杂凝聚体（M23-PP/GH15-PP/VL海藻酸盐）。扫描电镜证实，所开发的纳米复合物有效地根除了这两种细菌，并进一步抑制了植入物上生物膜的形成。M23-PP/GH15-PP/VL海藻酸盐与MC3T3成骨前细胞具有生物相容性，支持其在骨科应用中的潜在应用。当MC3T3细胞与表皮葡萄球菌或金黄色葡萄球菌共培养时，M23-PP/GH15-PP/VL海藻酸盐处理导致细菌计数减少8倍，健康哺乳动物细胞在没有细菌的情况下增殖。这些结果强调了M23-PP/GH15-PP/VL海藻酸盐作为一种生物相容性方法的潜力，可以预防葡萄球菌生物膜的形成，降低种植体相关骨感染的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Chitosan-based structures for targeting bacterial biofilm-associated genes 靶向细菌生物膜相关基因的壳聚糖结构

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101077

Shima Afrasiabi

Biofilms are a common lifestyle, in which bacteria grow as multicellular communities. The negative consequences of biofilms are well known. The targeted suppression of certain genes is a promising approach for combating biofilms. Chitosan (CS) has become a focus of biomedical research due to its antimicrobial activity and high biocompatibility. The modification of CS is an important aspect of CS research. The present review deals with the use of CS-based structures in combating bacterial biofilms, with a focus on biofilm-associated genes. CS or CS nanoparticles (NPs), CS functionally modified with natural compounds, metals or metal NPs, or as a drug delivery system are discussed. This review also presents various strategies to improve the performance of CS in biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems, wound healing, bone scaffolds, and dentistry. This knowledge collectively demonstrates the versatility of CS-based structures in disrupting biofilm formation by targeting biofilm-associated genes and provides valuable insights for the development of next-generation antibiofilm therapeutics.

生物膜是一种常见的生活方式，细菌在其中以多细胞群落的形式生长。生物膜的负面影响是众所周知的。靶向抑制某些基因是对抗生物膜的一种很有前途的方法。壳聚糖（CS）因其具有抗菌活性和高生物相容性而成为生物医学研究的热点。CS的修正是CS研究的一个重要方面。本文综述了基于cs的结构在对抗细菌生物膜中的应用，重点介绍了生物膜相关基因。讨论了CS或CS纳米颗粒（NPs）， CS与天然化合物，金属或金属NPs进行功能修饰，或作为药物递送系统。本文还介绍了提高CS在生物医学应用中的性能的各种策略，如药物输送系统、伤口愈合、骨支架和牙科。这些知识共同证明了基于cs的结构在通过靶向生物膜相关基因破坏生物膜形成方面的多功能性，并为开发下一代抗生物膜疗法提供了有价值的见解。

引用次数: 0

Effect of tragacanth gum on physical and mechanical properties of fish collagen sponge for hemostatic dressing applications 黄甲胶对鱼胶原蛋白海绵止血敷料物理力学性能的影响

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2026.101095

Masoud Siaghi , Zahra Nazemi , Mahsa Janmohammadi , Fatemeh Radmanesh

Fish skin collagen sponges represent a promising, cost-effective alternative for hemostatic agents, but are restricted by their low mechanical strength, stability, and adsorption capacity. To address these limitations, we incorporated tragacanth gum (TG) –a readily available polysaccharide in Iran– into the collagen matrix (Col), forming protein-polysaccharide hydrogels via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Various collagen-to-tragacanth gum ratios were explored, and physical hydrogels were converted into sponges using a freeze-drying process. Among the synthesized materials, the hybrid hydrogel with equal proportions (Col50–TG50) displayed optimal performance, with a gelation time approximately half that of the pure collagen hydrogel (67 s). Its water content peaked at 97% after 2 h, and the sponge reached an impressive swelling ratio of 300% within 160 s. Notably, Col50–TG50 maintained structural integrity over 10 days and retained 20% of its initial weight after 15 days. This hydrogel also achieved the high porosity (83%) and compressive strength (14 kPa), significantly outperforming the pure collagen control. Hemolysis tests confirmed excellent blood compatibility, with only 2.5% hemolysis within the acceptable biomedical range. In summary, Col50–TG50 sponges exhibit enhanced mechanical and hemostatic properties, highlighting their strong potential for clinical hemostatic applications.

鱼皮胶原蛋白海绵是一种很有前途的、具有成本效益的止血剂替代品，但其机械强度低、稳定性和吸附能力有限。为了解决这些限制，我们将黄芪胶（TG）——一种在伊朗很容易获得的多糖——加入胶原蛋白基质（Col）中，通过氢键和静电相互作用形成蛋白质-多糖水凝胶。研究了胶原与黄棘胶的不同比例，并利用冷冻干燥工艺将物理水凝胶转化为海绵。在合成的材料中，等比例的混合水凝胶（Col50-TG50）表现出最佳的性能，其凝胶时间约为纯胶原水凝胶的一半（67 s）。2 h后，海绵含水率达到97%，160s内膨胀率达到300%。值得注意的是，Col50-TG50在10天内保持了结构完整性，15天后保持了20%的初始重量。该水凝胶还具有高孔隙率（83%）和抗压强度（14 kPa），明显优于纯胶原蛋白对照。溶血测试证实了良好的血液相容性，只有2.5%的溶血在可接受的生物医学范围内。综上所述，Col50-TG50海绵具有增强的机械和止血性能，突出了其在临床止血应用方面的强大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Honeybee (Apis mellifera) as a source of chitosan to enhance mechanical properties of moulded pulp egg boxes 以蜜蜂为原料制备壳聚糖，提高纸浆蛋盒的机械性能

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2026.101099

Ulla Milbreta , Georgios Iakovou , Darja Aleksejeva , Martins Andzs , Pavels Avens , Inese Filipova , Konstantinos Triantafyllidis , Laura Andze

Chitosan has emerged as a sustainable alternative to fossil-fuel-based plastics. While typically sourced from crustaceans, this study investigated whether honeybee corpses from winter colony losses could serve as a source of chitin and subsequently chitosan for papermaking additives. Chitosan (deacetylation degree 87.77 ± 3.25%; molecular weight 22.70 kDa) was extracted and incorporated into wastepaper pulp to produce moulded egg boxes. The performance (tensile index and stretch at break) was compared with control wastepaper egg boxes, those containing crustacean chitosan, manufacturer-provided boxes, and commercial boxes containing synthetic additives. The honeybee chitosan-enhanced egg boxes exhibited one of the highest dry tensile indices (27.92 ± 1.37 N⋅m⋅g⁻¹) and the best wet stretch at break (2.98 ± 0.21%) among all groups. Furthermore, the boxes maintained a water contact angle of 110° for 10 min, outperforming the crustacean chitosan and manufacturer boxes. Although an initial process simulation indicates that a dedicated biorefinery is not viable due to high water and harsh chemical consumption, the protocol optimisation for recycling and wastewater management is feasible. Despite techno-economic challenges, the study demonstrates that honeybee-derived chitosan is an effective papermaking additive, highlighting its potential to transform waste into a valuable material.

壳聚糖已经成为化石燃料塑料的可持续替代品。虽然通常来自甲壳类动物，但本研究调查了冬季蜂群损失的蜜蜂尸体是否可以作为几丁质和随后用于造纸添加剂的壳聚糖的来源。提取壳聚糖（脱乙酰度87.77±3.25%，分子量22.70 kDa），加入废纸纸浆中制取蛋盒。将其性能（拉伸指数和断裂拉伸）与对照废纸蛋盒、含壳聚糖的蛋盒、生产厂家提供的蛋盒和含合成添加剂的商品蛋盒进行比较。蜜蜂壳聚糖增强蛋箱的干拉伸指数最高（27.92±1.37 N⋅m⋅g⁻¹），湿拉伸率最高（2.98±0.21%）。此外，盒子保持110°的水接触角10分钟，优于甲壳类壳聚糖和制造商盒子。虽然最初的过程模拟表明，由于高用水量和苛刻的化学品消耗，专用生物精炼厂是不可行的，但回收和废水管理的方案优化是可行的。尽管存在技术经济上的挑战，但这项研究表明，蜜蜂提取的壳聚糖是一种有效的造纸添加剂，突显了它将废物转化为有价值材料的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Chitosan-ZnS nanocomposite hydrogel beads to combat multi-drug-resistant pathogens 壳聚糖-锌纳米复合水凝胶珠对抗多重耐药病原体

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101078

Rajashree Sahoo , Monalisha Padhiary , Chandra Sekhar Tripathy , Kanhu Charan Behera , Subrata Senapati , Santosh Kumar Behera , Naresh Chandra Bal , Sanghamitra Pati , Sangram Keshari Samal

The extensive use/misuse of antibiotics is a key factor for the rapid rise and global spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, which now pose a major threat to public health. This situation necessitates the development of innovative, biocompatible, and sustainable antimicrobial materials capable of overcoming the limitations of traditional drug-based therapies. Chitosan (CS), a cationic polymer, is an excellent candidate for various medical applications; however, its antimicrobial activity alone may be insufficient against broad-spectrum pathogens. Therefore, in this study, CS-ZnS nanocomposite hydrogel beads were successfully synthesized that demonstrated excellent antibacterial, anti-biofilm properties, as well as suppression of metabolic activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative MDR bacterial pathogens. In addition, the hydrogel beads showed significant antioxidant property and demonstrated hemocompatibility. The morphology of this composite was characterized using SEM and TEM, revealing Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoflakes sized 8 to 10 nm. The structural properties were evaluated using XRD, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopy. The findings of this study were further supported by in silico analysis, which demonstrated strong interactions with target proteins, including MecA in Staphylococcus aureus and oxacillin-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This CS-ZnS system represents a novel, sustainable, and cost-effective biotherapeutic material with potential applications in combating MDR pathogens.

抗生素的广泛使用/误用是耐多药病原体迅速上升和全球传播的一个关键因素，现已对公共卫生构成重大威胁。这种情况需要开发创新的、生物相容性的和可持续的抗菌材料，能够克服传统药物治疗的局限性。壳聚糖（CS）是一种阳离子聚合物，是各种医疗应用的优秀候选者；然而，其单独的抗菌活性可能不足以对抗广谱病原体。因此，在本研究中，我们成功合成了CS-ZnS纳米复合水凝胶珠，它具有优异的抗菌、抗生物膜性能，并能抑制革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性MDR细菌病原体的代谢活性。此外，水凝胶珠具有显著的抗氧化性能和血液相容性。利用扫描电镜和透射电镜对复合材料的形貌进行了表征，得到了8 ~ 10 nm的硫化锌纳米片。利用XRD、拉曼光谱和FTIR光谱对其结构性能进行了评价。本研究的结果进一步得到了硅分析的支持，硅分析显示与靶蛋白有很强的相互作用，包括金黄色葡萄球菌中的MecA和铜绿假单胞菌中的oxacillin水解D类β-内酰胺酶。这种CS-ZnS系统代表了一种新型的、可持续的、具有成本效益的生物治疗材料，在对抗耐多药病原体方面具有潜在的应用前景。

{"title":"Chitosan-ZnS nanocomposite hydrogel beads to combat multi-drug-resistant pathogens","authors":"Rajashree Sahoo , Monalisha Padhiary , Chandra Sekhar Tripathy , Kanhu Charan Behera , Subrata Senapati , Santosh Kumar Behera , Naresh Chandra Bal , Sanghamitra Pati , Sangram Keshari Samal","doi":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive use/misuse of antibiotics is a key factor for the rapid rise and global spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, which now pose a major threat to public health. This situation necessitates the development of innovative, biocompatible, and sustainable antimicrobial materials capable of overcoming the limitations of traditional drug-based therapies. Chitosan (CS), a cationic polymer, is an excellent candidate for various medical applications; however, its antimicrobial activity alone may be insufficient against broad-spectrum pathogens. Therefore, in this study, CS-ZnS nanocomposite hydrogel beads were successfully synthesized that demonstrated excellent antibacterial, anti-biofilm properties, as well as suppression of metabolic activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative MDR bacterial pathogens. In addition, the hydrogel beads showed significant antioxidant property and demonstrated hemocompatibility. The morphology of this composite was characterized using SEM and TEM, revealing Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoflakes sized 8 to 10 nm. The structural properties were evaluated using XRD, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopy. The findings of this study were further supported by <em>in silico</em> analysis, which demonstrated strong interactions with target proteins, including MecA in <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and oxacillin-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamase in <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. This CS-ZnS system represents a novel, sustainable, and cost-effective biotherapeutic material with potential applications in combating MDR pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100213,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 101078"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cellulose-based hyperbranched polyvinylamine adsorbent for efficient and rapid removal of Cr (VI) 纤维素基超支化聚乙烯胺吸附剂高效快速去除铬（VI）

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2026.101098

Jiarui Wang , Fan Zhang , Xiaona Huang , Xiaotong Dong , Hang Jiang , Yungang Bai , Kun Xu , Pixin Wang

The development of natural polymer-based materials for the efficient and rapid removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) from water remains a persistent global challenge. In this study, hyperbranched polyvinylamine (H-PVAm₁) was prepared via copolymerization and hydrolysis using N-vinylformamide (NVF) and the branching agent dipentaerythritol hexaallyl ether (DPHAE, 1 wt% relative to NVF) as raw materials. Subsequently, using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the crosslinking agent, H-PVAm₁ was grafted onto the surface of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) to obtain the functionalized cellulose adsorbent H-PVAm₁−MCC. Benefiting from the high primary amine content and three-dimensional branched structure of H-PVAm₁, H-PVAm₁−MCC exhibited high primary amine density (19.06 mmol/g), high specific surface area (13.5 m²/g), and good salt resistance. The maximum adsorbed amount of H-PVAm₁−MCC for Cr (Ⅵ) reached 538 mg/g, which was higher than that of most reported amine-modified cellulose-based adsorbents. Moreover, H-PVAm₁−MCC exhibited rapid Cr (VI) adsorption kinetics, even at low concentrations (1 ppm). Within 2 min of adsorption, the residual Cr (VI) concentration satisfied the WHO drinking water guideline (≤0.05 ppm). Even in the presence of coexisting ions, H-PVAm₁−MCC maintained a high Cr (VI) removal rate. Moreover, H-PVAm₁−MCC exhibited good stability, maintaining 90% adsorbed amount after eight adsorption-desorption cycles. This study provides a strategy for the further development of cellulose-based Cr (VI) adsorbents.

开发高效、快速去除水中六价铬（Cr (VI)）的天然聚合物基材料仍然是全球面临的一个长期挑战。本研究以n -乙烯基甲酰胺（NVF）和支化剂二季戊四醇六烯丙醚（DPHAE，相对NVF为1 wt%）为原料，经共聚水解制备了超支化聚乙烯胺（H-PVAm1）。随后，以环氧氯丙烷（ECH）为交联剂，将H-PVAm1接枝到微晶纤维素（MCC）表面，得到功能化纤维素吸附剂H-PVAm1−MCC。得益于H-PVAm1的高伯胺含量和三维支链结构，H-PVAm1−MCC具有高伯胺密度（19.06 mmol/g）、高比表面积（13.5 m²/g）和良好的耐盐性。H-PVAm1−MCC对Cr（Ⅵ）的最大吸附量达到538 mg/g，高于大多数报道的胺改性纤维素基吸附剂。此外，即使在低浓度（1ppm）下，H-PVAm1−MCC也表现出快速的Cr （VI）吸附动力学。吸附2min后，残留Cr （VI）浓度满足WHO饮用水标准（≤0.05 ppm）。即使在共存离子存在的情况下，H-PVAm1−MCC也能保持较高的Cr （VI）去除率。此外，H-PVAm1−MCC表现出良好的稳定性，在8次吸附-脱附循环后仍保持90%的吸附量。该研究为进一步开发纤维素基Cr （VI）吸附剂提供了策略。

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引用次数: 0

A synthetic 6-O-sulfated glycopolymer induces tissue iron accumulation via competitively inhibiting the hepcidin/FPN1 axis 合成的6- o -硫代糖共聚物通过竞争性抑制hepcidin/FPN1轴诱导组织铁积累

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101073

Zhujie Xu , Yi Liu , Jingxiao Chen , Bangjun Wen , Youjia Xu

Highly sulfated heparin-like glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been closely linked to disrupted iron homeostasis, yet no studies have employed site-specific sulfation modifications of GAGs to develop macromolecular compounds capable of modulating iron metabolism. Based on preliminary research, our team designed and synthesized an glycopolymer with 6-O-sulfated GlcNAc. In vitro administration experiments demonstrated that 6-O-sulfated glycopolymer significantly inhibits hepcidin-mediated internalization and degradation of ferroportin 1 (FPN1) on macrophage membranes, reducing cellular iron storage— an effect superior to that of conventional HS. Following CY5-labeled 6-O-sulfated glycopolymer administration in vivo, fluorescence tracking revealed broad tissue distribution, including abdominal organs and cortical bone. Meanwhile, 6-O-sulfated glycopolymer markedly decreased serum hepcidin level, increased serum ferritin concentration, and induced significant iron accumulation in the liver and bone cortex, while results from HE staining of hepatic, splenic, and renal tissues confirmed its biological safety. Computational docking, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay, and cellular thermal shift assay-western blot (CETSA-WB) further demonstrated high-affinity binding between 6-O-sulfated glycopolymer and hepcidin. These findings establish the 6-O-sulfate group as the critical functional moiety in HS-mediated systemic iron regulation, where 6-O-sulfated glycopolymer competitively inhibits the hepcidin/FPN1 axis to activate macrophage iron efflux, ultimately promoting tissue iron accumulation.

高硫酸化的肝素样糖胺聚糖（GAGs）与铁稳态的破坏密切相关，但目前还没有研究利用特定位点的硫酸化修饰GAGs来开发能够调节铁代谢的大分子化合物。在前期研究的基础上，我们设计并合成了6- o -硫酸化GlcNAc的糖共聚物。体外给药实验表明，6- o -硫代糖共聚物显著抑制hepcidin介导的巨噬细胞膜上铁转运蛋白1 （FPN1）的内化和降解，减少细胞铁的储存，其效果优于常规HS。在体内给药cy5标记的6- o -硫代糖共聚物后，荧光跟踪显示广泛的组织分布，包括腹部器官和皮质骨。同时，6- o -硫代糖共聚物显著降低血清hepcidin水平，升高血清铁蛋白浓度，诱导肝脏和骨皮质明显的铁积累，肝、脾、肾组织HE染色结果证实其生物安全性。计算对接、表面等离子体共振（SPR）实验和细胞热移测定-western blot （CETSA-WB）进一步证明了6- o -硫酸化糖共聚物与hepcidin之间的高亲和力结合。这些发现证实了6- o -硫酸盐基团是hs介导的系统性铁调节的关键功能片段，其中6- o -硫代糖共聚物竞争性地抑制hepcidin/FPN1轴，激活巨噬细胞铁外排，最终促进组织铁积累。

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引用次数: 0

Aqueous Kabachnik -Fields synthesis of HMF-functionalized chitosan for thermally-stable LBL coatings on cotton fabrics hmf功能化壳聚糖在棉织物上热稳定LBL涂层的水相卡巴尼克场合成

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2026.101107

M. Checa, P.J. Arauzo, A. Kruse

This study explores the Kabachnik-Fields (KF) reaction between chitosan, diethyl phosphite (DEP) and biorefinery-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to produce chitosan-diethyl phosphite-HMF (CDH) derivatives for thermally-stable coatings. The effect of reaction temperature on the structure, phosphorus incorporation and thermal properties of the CDH-RT (room temperature), CDH-60 (60 °C), CDH-80 (80 °C) and CDH-100 (100 °C) products was investigated using FTIR, elemental analysis, ICPOES and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in air. KF modification increased chitosan's initial thermal stability (T₅: 65 to 84-104 °C), promoted early char formation through an intumescent mechanism and enhanced residue stability at 930 °C (max. 32.4 wt %). To assess LBL coating compatibility, CDH products were applied to cotton fabrics (3 bilayers with phytic acid). Mass gain depended on KF temperature, with cotton-CDH-60/PA showing optimal incorporation (34.4 %). Synergy factors calculated from normalized TGA residues confirmed positive char-promoting effects for all CDH formulations (cotton-CDH-60/PA: 226.6 %). These results establish HMF-chitosan aminophosphonates as a promising platform for sustainable, thermally-protective cotton fabric coatings.

本研究探讨了壳聚糖、亚磷酸二乙酯（DEP）和生物精炼衍生的5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）之间的Kabachnik-Fields （KF）反应，以制备用于热稳定涂层的壳聚糖-亚磷酸二乙酯-HMF （CDH）衍生物。采用红外光谱（FTIR）、元素分析、ICPOES和热重分析（TGA）研究了反应温度对CDH-RT（室温）、CDH-60（60℃）、CDH-80（80℃）和CDH-100（100℃）产物结构、含磷量和热性能的影响。KF改性提高了壳聚糖的初始热稳定性（T₅：65至84-104℃），通过膨胀机制促进了早期炭的形成，并增强了930℃时（最高可达930℃）的残留物稳定性。32.4% wt %)。为了评估LBL涂层的相容性，将CDH产品应用于棉织物（3层植酸双层）。质量增益与KF温度有关，棉花- cdh -60/PA的掺入率最高（34.4%）。从归一化TGA残留物计算的协同因子证实了所有CDH配方的积极促炭作用（棉花-CDH-60/PA: 226.6%）。这些结果表明，hmf -壳聚糖氨基膦酸盐是一种有前途的可持续热保护棉织物涂层平台。

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引用次数: 0

Reversible photoactivation of 4-methylumbelliferone in carboxymethyl cellulose self-standing films under LED irradiation LED照射下4-甲基伞形酮在羧甲基纤维素自立膜中的可逆光活化

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2026.101108

V. Andrews , R. Montecinos , E. Ortega , O. Ramirez , S. Bonardd , Caterina Quezada , D. Diaz Diaz , A. Leiva , C. Saldias

Cellulose-derived materials capable of reversible optical responses are attractive for sustainable light-responsive technologies. Here, we demonstrate the reversible photoactivation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) films containing 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) under alternating UV-A/UV-C LED irradiation. The films show robust switching of absorbance through reversible [2+2] cycloaddition, maintaining performance over multiple cycles without fatigue. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that CMC provides a highly connected free-volume network and strong 4MU–polymer interactions that promote efficient photodimerization, in contrast to cellulose acetate (CA), whose weaker supramolecular environment results in slower kinetics and reduced reversibility. Complementary thermal and AFM analyses confirm light-induced structural reorganization in CMC/4MU films, while a preliminary life cycle assessment highlights their lower environmental footprint. Overall, CMC/4MU emerges as a promising sustainable platform for reversible light-responsive materials.

具有可逆光响应能力的纤维素衍生材料对于可持续光响应技术具有吸引力。在UV-A/UV-C LED交替照射下，我们展示了含有4-甲基伞形酮（4MU）的羧甲基纤维素（CMC）薄膜的可逆光活化。通过可逆的[2+2]环加成，薄膜显示出强大的吸光度开关，在多个循环中保持性能而不会疲劳。分子动力学模拟表明，CMC提供了一个高度连接的自由体积网络和强的4mu -聚合物相互作用，促进了有效的光二聚化，而醋酸纤维素（CA）的超分子环境较弱，导致动力学较慢，可逆性降低。互补的热分析和原子力显微镜分析证实了CMC/4MU薄膜的光诱导结构重组，而初步的生命周期评估强调了其较低的环境足迹。总的来说，CMC/4MU是一个有前途的可持续的可逆光响应材料平台。

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引用次数: 0

Sulfate alginatemicroparticles for controlled release of water-soluble drugs 硫酸海藻酸盐微颗粒用于水溶性药物的控释

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2026.101094

Arezu Rahmanian , Sanaz Alizadeh , Mohsen Mohammadi , Tayyeb Ghadimi , Mohamad Pezeshki-Modaress

Sulfated derivatives of alginate represent a promising class of carbohydrate-based biopolymers with tunable physicochemical and biological properties. In this study, sodium alginate (SA) and sodium sulfate alginate (SSA) were combined at different ratios (SA90:SSA10, SA70:SSA30, and SA50:SSA50) to fabricate mafenide acetate–loaded microparticles via a water-in-oil emulsion crosslinking technique. The influence of sulfate substitution on microparticle morphology, drug release kinetics, antibacterial behavior, and cytocompatibility was systematically investigated. The optimized SA50:SSA50 formulation exhibited uniform spherical morphology, enhanced surface roughness, and a markedly controlled drug release profile, releasing approximately 65% of mafenide acetate over 28 days. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of sulfate–alginate interactions and successful drug incorporation, while AFM revealed nanoscale surface heterogeneity favoring drug adsorption. Furthermore, SA50:SSA50 microparticles demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coliand S. aureus and excellent fibroblast compatibility. These findings highlight the crucial role of alginate sulfation in tailoring drug diffusion and antibacterial performance, providing a versatile carbohydrate-based platform for controlled drug delivery and wound healing applications.

藻酸盐的硫酸盐衍生物是一类很有前途的以碳水化合物为基础的生物聚合物，具有可调节的物理化学和生物学特性。本研究采用油包水乳液交联技术，将海藻酸钠（SA）和海藻酸钠硫酸盐（SSA）以不同的比例（SA90:SSA10、SA70:SSA30和SA50:SSA50）进行组合，制备了载醋酸马夫尼酯微颗粒。系统地研究了硫酸盐取代对微颗粒形态、药物释放动力学、抗菌行为和细胞相容性的影响。优化后的SA50:SSA50配方具有均匀的球形形貌、增强的表面粗糙度和明显控制的药物释放谱，在28天内释放约65%的醋酸马夫尼酯。傅里叶变换红外光谱证实了硫酸盐-海藻酸盐相互作用的存在和药物的成功结合，而原子力显微镜显示了纳米级表面非均质性有利于药物吸附。此外，SA50:SSA50颗粒对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有显著的抗菌活性，并具有良好的成纤维细胞相容性。这些发现强调了海藻酸盐磺化在调整药物扩散和抗菌性能方面的关键作用，为控制药物传递和伤口愈合应用提供了一个多功能的基于碳水化合物的平台。

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