Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications最新文献

A new eco-friendly mesoporous magnetic nanocomposite (MMNCs) known as " methyl alginate@SBA-15/IONP " has been created as a nano-adsorbent system for purifying water contaminants. The production process consisted of multiple stages, commencing with the synthesis of Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15) utilizing the hydrothermal approach. Subsequently, Iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) was prepared onto SBA-15 through an in-situ co-deposition method. Experimental studies were carried out on various factors affecting the adsorption process of Lead (II) ion (Pb²⁺), Methylene Blue (MB), and Chlorpyrifos (CPS). Furthermore, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, two kinetic models (pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO)), and thermodynamic investigations were conducted for the methyl alginate@SBA-15/IONP MMNCs system. Freundlich isotherm model with PSO kinetics describes the adsorption behavior and thermodynamic parameters show the spontaneous and endothermic nature of adsorption of Pb²⁺, MB, and CPS in methyl alginate @ SBA-15/IONP MMNCs.

The development of biodegradable bioactive films is crucial due to the environmental pollution caused by petroleum-based materials and the food spoilage. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)/corn starch (CS) composite films containing lipid-soluble rosemary extract (carnosic acid) (RE) (1 %∼7 %, w/w) were prepared and the effect of RE on the structural, physicochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of MCC/CS composite films was investigated. The incorporation of lower RE content (1 %) promoted the interactions between film components, thus forming a compact and smooth surface and cross structures. The incorporation of RE changed the long-range order structure of MCC/CS composite film, strengthened the intermolecular interaction between film components, and improved thermal stability. The tensile strength increased from 8.35 MPa to 10.53 MPa and the water vapor permeability decreased from 0.63 to 0.58 g.mm.h^-1.m^-2.KPa^-1. Moreover. Antibacterial (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and antioxidant activity were upsurged as RE contents increased. TOPSIS method indicated the MCC/CS-3 % film and MCC/CS-5 % film were the best films. The above results indicated that an effective use of RE as an enhancer and bacteriostatic agent showed a promising application in food packaging.

Over 70 % of bacterial infections are resistant to one or more of the antibiotics are generally used to eliminate infections. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), ginger oil, and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) are among the materials and the green natural products that possess antimicrobial properties. In this study, combinations of the medicinal properties of CMC, AgNPs, and ginger oil were put together in one product via the synthesis of CMC-Ag-Ginger-nanocomposite. To increase the miscibility of ginger oil -used in the synthesis-, different surfactants were applied to the synthesis aqueous medium. Thus, the nanocomposite synthesized in such way assumed a new method. In addition, the nanocomposite produced using ginger oil, silver nitrate, CMC, and surfactants assumed a new nanocomposite synthesized for the first time in this research work. The Optimum reaction conditions that brought the highest AgNPs absorbance and the formation of CMC-Ag-Ginger-nanocomposite were studied. For better miscibility of ginger oil, glycerin, Tween 80, or Egyptol were applied to the synthesis aqueous medium. AgNPs obtained were evaluated by the absorbance of the nanocomposite colloidal solution. Optimum conditions: 0.5 % (w/v) Egyptol, 0.01M AgNO₃, 0.5 % (w/v) ginger oil, 3 % (w/v) carboxymethyl chitosan, 95°C for 3h. A decrease in N % of CMC-Ag-G-nanocomposite (3.04 %) compared with N % of CMC (4.03 %) confirmed the formation of the nanocomposite. TEM showed spherical shape AgNPs with size range of 8–35 nm, whereas highest count % was 12–25 nm. SAED of AgNPs exhibited ring patterns with bright spots displaying polycrystallinity which agreed with XRD. SEM of CMC-Ag-G-nanocomposite showed porous structure and well distribution of AgNPs within CMC polymer. TGA showed that CMC-Ag-G-nanocomposite is more thermally stable than CMC. CMC-Ag-G-nanocomposite showed higher antibacterial efficacy against S. Aureus and E. coli and higher antimicrobial efficacy against Aspergillus Niger and Candida albicans compared to CMC. These findings render the newly prepared nanocomposite suitable for medical and other applications.

Hemicellulose hydrogels have garnered significant attention owing to their abundance and exceptional properties, such as renewability and biodegradability. However, their weak mechanical strength and poor stability limit their application across various fields. The addition of other materials (composites) and modification with different synthetic monomers can improve the mechanical properties and stability of these hydrogels. Therefore, research efforts are increasingly focused on exploring composite preparation and synthesis methods. This review discusses the isolation and synthesis of hemicellulose-based hydrogel composites, along with their development and applications across various sectors. In addition, it presents the current state of research and emerging trends, offering a prospective study on the potential expansion of hemicellulose-based hydrogel composites in fields such as biomedicine, sensors, and waste treatment. The findings suggest that hemicellulose-based hydrogel composites are becoming increasingly popular as advanced materials. By utilizing innovative composite preparation techniques and synthesis methods, these hydrogels are poised to revolutionize various sectors such as biomedical, sensors, and agricultural, offering solutions with improved mechanical properties and stability.

This study examined the impact of propolis and honey on the physicochemical, structural, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of coffee pulp pectin-based edible films. The films were made from pure pectin (P) and mixtures of pectin-glycerol (PG), pectin-propolis-glycerol (PPG), and pectin-honey (PH). Pectin solutions were prepared by varying the pectin-to-water ratio between 1 % and 5 % (w_pectin/v_water). Propolis, glycerol, and honey were then added to the solution, with the ratio of these ingredients to pectin ranging from 0 % to 60 %. The films were characterized for their physicochemical, structural, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. The results showed that films made from 2 % pectin (P), 2 % pectin with 20 % propolis and 20 % glycerol (PPG), 2 % pectin with 20 % honey (PH), and 2 % pectin with 20 % glycerol (PG) exhibited higher elongation at break and better tensile strength. Higher pectin, honey, and glycol concentrations increase the film thickness. Similarly, Young's modulus increased with rising pectin concentration. The tensile strength of the films increased with glycerol concentration up to 20 %, after which it decreased. Young's modulus decreased with increasing glycerol concentration. Tensile strength and elongation at break improved with honey-to-pectin ratios up to 20 %, then declined with further increases. The water vapor permeability (WVP) values of the edible films ranged from 3.154 to 3.437 × 10⁻¹⁰ g/m·s·Pa. The films were fully degraded in soil within 9 days. The results suggest that adding honey and propolis enhanced the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the films.

This paper studies the effect of three swelling pretreatment processes (glycerol, alkaline, and molten salt hydrate) to improve the efficiency of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation (TMO) to produce cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). The novelty of this research lies in the presentation of a new approach that increases the process`s sustainability. The new pretreatment results in the reduction of both chemical reagents and energy consumption. Results demonstrate that pulps pretreated with molten salt hydrate exhibit a crystallinity index up to 50 % lower than the original fibers, while the carboxyl groups obtained during oxidation increase up to 30 %. The increase in oxidation efficiency allows us to obtain a highly fibrillated CNF with a 50 % dose reduction of TEMPO and NaBr at the same time that the energy consumption (kWh/kg) is reduced by 15 %.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder and is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau as a pathological hallmark. Bilobalide (BB) being a highly hydrophobic compound, has poor aqueous solubility, stability, and brain bioavailability. In the present study, we prepared self-assembled low molecular weight chitosan-bilobalide microsuspension (BBC) and examined its neuroprotective effect against intracerebroventricular induction of Aβ_(25–35) toxicity in mice. Results showed that BBC has a particle size of 5.77 µm with a desired zeta potential of +42.2 ± 2 mV. BBC displayed aqueous solubility with sustained release kinetics in vitro and had better intracellular transport (70 %) of BB from BBC in Caco-2 cells. Further, treatment with BBC showed increased content [BBC (10 mg), 83.4 ng; BB (10 mg), 15.8 ng] of BB in brain and alleviated Aβ_(25–35) induced memory impairment in mice. Moreover, BBC diminished oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction in Aβ_(25–35) induced AD model. In addition, our western blot data suggested that treatment with BBC ameliorated Aβ_(25–35) induced hyperphosphorylation of tau protein through regulation of aberrant phosphorylation of Akt/GSK3β/MAPK pathway. The current study may confirm the application of BBC as an oral supplement in the food and pharmaceutical industries for AD conditions.

The high number of reactive groups present in the cellulose structure form the chemical basis for chemical derivatisation through many different chemical pathways. Silane anchors are available with a variety of moieties that offer many functionalisation options of cellulose fibres. It is therefore important to investigate the deposition and grafting of silanes on such substrates. In this paper, the grafting of (1-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl))-1H-pyrrole (PySi) onto a cellulosic lyocell fibre based textile was investigated. Depending on the amount of silane applied, a maximum amount of 0.09 mmol PySi/g cellulose was observed to form covalent bonds with the cellulose lyocell fibres. A maximum of 0.36 mmol PySi/g cellulose was deposited on the fibre substrate, of which 0.27 mmol could be removed by solvent extraction. The results can be explained by a limited number of binding sites available on the cellulose surface suited for covalent bond formation with PySi. In addition, a simple method for quantifying the amount of silane on cellulose fibres using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is presented. The results found for the behaviour of PySi on cellulose material contribute to a better understanding of the heterogeneous modification of cellulose.

Gadung starch (Dioscorea hispida dennst.) has several weaknesses related to its low functional properties and stability. Physical modifications of ultrasonication and Freeze Moisture Treatment (FMT) can be an alternative to improve the functional properties by forming cracks and cavities in starch. Hence, this research aimed to obtain modified gadung starch with better functional and physicochemical properties through ultrasonication and FMT. The combination of ultrasonication 30 min + FMT 70 % produced the desired characteristics. This includes the functional properties of starch, which revealed that swelling volume increased by 1.19-fold, solubility increased by 1.17-fold, and Water Absorption Capacity (WAC) increased by 1.31-fold. The stability of the starch paste was better, with a decrease in Breakdown Viscosity (BV) from 3093.50 to 2408.00 cP. The physicochemical properties exhibited that the surface of the starch granules had cracks and cavities, the starch was more amorphous, and the crystallinity decreased from 35.75 to 32.06 and the smaller ratio of the bands at 1045/1022 from 1.412 to 1.396 by FTIR spectra. However, the treatments did not cause changes in crystallinity type (B-type) and functional groups. Therefore, the combination treatment of ultrasonication and FMT effectively improved the properties by forming amorphous gadung starch.