Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications最新文献_第4页

Starch based biodegradable packaging systems and their interactions with food components, shelf-life implications: A review 淀粉基可生物降解包装系统及其与食品成分的相互作用，对保质期的影响：综述

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101067

Anand kumar , Saranyadevi S․ , Selva Kumar T․ , Shankar Neupane , Subhash V. Pawde , Shucheng Liu , Sadaqat Ali , Shuai Wei

Growing environmental concerns surrounding petroleum-based plastics have accelerated the development of starch-based packaging systems as sustainable and biodegradable alternatives. This review critically examines the structure-property relationships of starch films, structure, modifications, interactions with food components, and recent advancements aimed at enhancing their functional performance. Strategies such as chemical modifications, polymer blending, and developing starch-based film with proteins, nanocomposites significantly enhance the mechanical strength, barrier properties, and functional characteristics. The incorporation of natural additives, including essential oils and plant-derived extracts, increases the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, extends the shelf-life of various food products. Recent advancements, such as the integration of biopolymers, reduce water vapor permeability while maintaining the mechanical integrity. Emerging technologies, including reactive extrusion and 3D printing, further support functionalized film fabrication and the valorization of agricultural waste streams. Despite these advances, challenges remain in terms of moisture sensitivity, industrial scalability, and cost-effectiveness. This review synthesizes current insights on starch-based films with their types, properties, performance enhancement strategies, food component interactions, through composition modifications, and sustainability considerations, providing a roadmap for future research toward multifunctional, intelligent, and commercially viable starch-based packaging solutions.

围绕石油基塑料的日益增长的环境问题加速了淀粉基包装系统作为可持续和可生物降解替代品的发展。本文综述了淀粉膜的结构-性能关系，结构，修饰，与食品成分的相互作用，以及旨在提高其功能性能的最新进展。化学改性、聚合物共混、开发淀粉基膜与蛋白质、纳米复合材料等策略显著提高了机械强度、屏障性能和功能特性。天然添加剂的加入，包括精油和植物提取物，增加了抗菌和抗氧化性能，延长了各种食品的保质期。最近的进步，如生物聚合物的集成，在保持机械完整性的同时减少了水蒸气的渗透性。新兴技术，包括反应挤出和3D打印，进一步支持功能化薄膜制造和农业废物流的增值。尽管取得了这些进步，但在湿度敏感性、工业可扩展性和成本效益方面仍然存在挑战。本文综述了淀粉基薄膜的类型、性能、性能增强策略、食品成分的相互作用、通过成分修改和可持续性考虑等方面的最新研究成果，为未来研究多功能、智能化和商业上可行的淀粉基包装解决方案提供了路线图。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond commercial hemostats: Montmorillonite-enriched alginate sponge for rapid hemostasis and wound infection prevention 超越商业止血：富含蒙脱石海藻酸盐海绵快速止血和伤口感染预防

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101068

Amir Behzadnia , Maryam Ghassemi , Ali Rezaie , Soumayeh Amirsaadat , Parinaz Nezhad-Mokhtari , Zahra Akbari Moghaddam , Somayeh Alimohammadi , Roya Salehi , Seyedhosein Jarolmasjed

Despite advances in conventional hemostatic technologies, uncontrolled arterial bleeding and secondary infection remain clinical challenges and leading causes of trauma-induced fatalities. Hence, developing hemostatic materials that rapidly form resilient physical obstruction, trigger coagulation cascades, and combat bacterial infection is of importance. Herein, we engineered a multifunctional ultra-porous Alg/MMT sponge derived from alginate and enriched with montmorillonite (MMT) nanosheets serving as bioactive agents, utilizing gas-foaming, ionic crosslinking, and lyophilization processes. The sponge exhibited antibacterial effectiveness targeting S. aureus and E. coli, as evidenced by inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. The fabricated Alg/MMT sponge demonstrated biocompatibility by maintaining high cell viability and promoting cell proliferation, as confirmed by MTT and DAPI assays. In-vitro evaluations revealed enhanced efficacy over EquiSpon® in blood clotting (9.15%), adherence of erythrocytes (94.50%) and platelets (87.30%), as well as clotting time of 19 s (P-value < 0.001). Through a femoral artery trauma model in rats, the Alg/MMT sponge delivered a hemostatic effect, reducing blood loss to 0.75 g and achieving hemostasis in 32.66 s—representing a 7.5-fold improvement compared to EquiSpon® (P-value < 0.001). Together, these characteristics highlight the Alg/MMT sponge as a reliable hemostatic agent for clinical environments.

尽管传统止血技术取得了进步，但不受控制的动脉出血和继发性感染仍然是临床挑战和创伤性死亡的主要原因。因此，开发能够迅速形成弹性物理阻塞、触发凝血级联和对抗细菌感染的止血材料是非常重要的。在此，我们设计了一种多功能超多孔Alg/MMT海绵，来源于海藻酸盐，并富含蒙脱土（MMT）纳米片作为生物活性剂，利用气体发泡，离子交联和冻干工艺。通过抑菌区、最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC）的测定，证实了海绵对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果。MTT和DAPI实验证实，制备的Alg/MMT海绵通过维持高细胞活力和促进细胞增殖表现出生物相容性。体外评估显示，EquiSpon®在凝血（9.15%）、红细胞粘附（94.50%）和血小板粘附（87.30%）方面的疗效增强，凝血时间缩短19 s （p值<； 0.001）。通过大鼠股动脉创伤模型，Alg/MMT海绵具有止血作用，将失血量减少到0.75 g，在32.66 s内实现止血，与EquiSpon®相比，改善了7.5倍（p值<； 0.001）。总之，这些特点突出了Alg/MMT海绵作为临床环境中可靠的止血剂。

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引用次数: 0

Guar gum/Kappa carrageenan-based hydrogel reinforced with surface altered, curcumin@ZIF-8: Assessing its ability to accelerate wound closure 瓜尔胶/Kappa卡拉胶基水凝胶表面改变增强，curcumin@ZIF-8：评估其加速伤口愈合的能力

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101066

Pooja Suvarna , Likhith K․ , Chinthana Chidananda , Supriya S. Bhatt , Manasa Nune , Goutam Thakur

This study reports the development of a bioresorbable hydrogel based on κ-carrageenan (KC) and guar gum (GG) reinforced with cerium-doped, curcumin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles (Ce@CUR/ZIF-8) to enhance curcumin’s wound healing management. UV–Vis absorption spectra confirmed encapsulation of curcumin within ZIF-8. FESEM analysis revealed that the ZIF-8 particles had an average diameter of 157.6 ± 15.7 nm, which increased to 172.7 ± 12.8 nm following curcumin loading and cerium doping. The nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed within the KC–GG hydrogel matrix, which was systematically evaluated for its moisture-retention capacity, structural characteristics, mechanical strength, and sustained curcumin release profile. The compressive strength of the hydrogel increased from 0.0317 ± 0.99 MPa to 0.0547 ± 0.72 MPa upon addition of the nanocomposite, demonstrating improved mechanical integrity. Cytocompatibility was assessed using the MTT assay, which revealed 90% cell viability on day 5, confirming its biocompatibility. In vivo studies indicated that Ce@CUR/ZIF-8 promoted the greatest degree of wound closure, due to the synergistic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of cerium and curcumin. Histopathological evaluations further revealed accelerated tissue regeneration characterized by enhanced fibroblast proliferation, neovascularization, and collagen deposition. Overall, KC–GG hydrogels integrated with Ce@CUR/ZIF-8 nanoparticles represent a promising platform for advanced wound-care applications.

本研究报道了一种生物可吸收水凝胶的开发，该水凝胶以κ-卡拉胶（KC）和瓜尔胶（GG）为基础，通过掺铈、负载姜黄素的ZIF-8纳米颗粒（Ce@CUR/ZIF-8）增强，以增强姜黄素的伤口愈合管理。紫外可见吸收光谱证实姜黄素包封在ZIF-8中。FESEM分析表明，ZIF-8粒子的平均直径为157.6±15.7 nm，在姜黄素负载和铈掺杂后，ZIF-8粒子的平均直径增加到172.7±12.8 nm。将纳米颗粒均匀地分散在KC-GG水凝胶基质中，系统地评估了其保湿能力、结构特征、机械强度和姜黄素的持续释放情况。加入纳米复合材料后，水凝胶的抗压强度由0.0317±0.99 MPa提高到0.0547±0.72 MPa，力学完整性得到改善。使用MTT法评估细胞相容性，第5天显示90%的细胞存活率，证实其生物相容性。体内研究表明Ce@CUR/ZIF-8促进伤口愈合的程度最大，这是由于铈和姜黄素的协同抗氧化和抗炎活性。组织病理学评估进一步显示，以增强成纤维细胞增殖、新生血管形成和胶原沉积为特征的组织再生加速。总的来说，KC-GG水凝胶与Ce@CUR/ZIF-8纳米颗粒的集成代表了一个有前途的先进伤口护理应用平台。

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引用次数: 0

Fabricating a chitosan-based human placenta extract–encapsulated elastic zonal-structured scaffold for osteochondral applications 基于壳聚糖的人胎盘提取物包封弹性带状结构骨软骨支架的制备

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101064

Hossein Shaygani , Mohammad Shahverdi , Mohamadreza Soltani , Mohammad Rezaei , Sona Zare , Amir Shamloo , Kaivan Mohammadi

Articular cartilage is an avascular and multilayer tissue with limited self-regenerating properties. 3D printing offers a promising approach for fabricating intricate structures that closely replicate the architecture and functional properties of native cartilage. In this study, we fabricated a four-layer 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) scaffold with varying porosities, ranging from the lowest porosity at the bottom to the highest at the top, to mimic the mechanical properties of cartilage layers from the deep zone to the transition zone. An injectable hydrogel consisting of chitosan (CS) and human placenta extract (HPE) was injected into the 3D-printed scaffold to provide a growth factor-loaded, extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking environment with suitable cytocompatibility, aiming to enhance the low cellular activity of the TPU scaffold. An electrospun layer was used as the superficial layer of the scaffold to replicate the longitudinal orientation of collagen fibers at the cartilage surface. Mechanical analysis demonstrated zonal strain distribution in the scaffold similar to native cartilage tissue. The antibacterial assay demonstrated the bactericidal effects of CS and HPE, showing an inhibition zone of (2.892 ± 0.103 mm). The MTT assay quantitatively evaluated the cellular functionality of scaffolds, demonstrating sustained cell viability over 7 days. These combined features make this scaffold design an exceptional candidate for cartilage tissue regeneration applications.

关节软骨是一种无血管的多层组织，具有有限的自我再生特性。3D打印为制造复杂的结构提供了一种很有前途的方法，可以紧密复制天然软骨的结构和功能特性。在这项研究中，我们制作了一个四层3d打印热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）支架，其孔隙率从底部的最低孔隙率到顶部的最高孔隙率不等，以模拟软骨层从深层区到过渡区的机械性能。将壳聚糖（CS）和人胎盘提取物（HPE）组成的可注射水凝胶注射到3d打印支架中，提供一个具有合适细胞相容性的生长因子负载的细胞外基质（ECM）模拟环境，旨在增强TPU支架的低细胞活性。电纺丝层被用作支架的表层，以复制软骨表面胶原纤维的纵向方向。力学分析表明，支架的带状应变分布与天然软骨组织相似。抑菌实验表明，CS和HPE均具有抑菌作用，抑菌带为（2.892±0.103 mm）。MTT实验定量评估了支架的细胞功能，显示了7天以上的持续细胞活力。这些综合特点使这种支架设计成为软骨组织再生应用的特殊候选者。

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引用次数: 0

Active edible coatings for smart food preservation and sustainability: A review 用于智能食品保鲜和可持续性的活性食用涂料研究进展

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101061

Mahmuda Tasnim , Md. Nahidul Islam

Active edible coatings have progressed from basic biopolymer layers to advanced multifunctional systems aimed at mitigating food quality deterioration and addressing sustainability challenges. This research investigates the shift from traditional polymers to novel, sustainable materials derived from agro-industrial by-products, emphasizing their significance in advancing circular bioeconomy initiatives and reducing reliance on synthetic plastics. This study contributes by synthesizing recent advancements in innovative and active preservation techniques. The methods encompass antibacterial and antioxidant properties, controlled-release systems, and nano-enhancements that govern gas exchange, moisture transfer, and biochemical degradation. Additionally, novel manufacturing techniques such as electrospraying, electrospinning, and layer-by-layer assembly are assessed for their effectiveness in designing coating microstructures and controlling release kinetics, thus exceeding traditional methods. This review analyzes next-generation active edible coatings that serve as bioactive barriers, prolonging shelf life, preserving sensory qualities, and promoting environmentally sustainable food preservation by integrating sustainability, material innovation, and practical effectiveness.

活性食用涂层已经从基本的生物聚合物层发展到先进的多功能系统，旨在减轻食品质量恶化和解决可持续性挑战。本研究调查了从传统聚合物到新型可持续材料的转变，这些材料来源于农业工业副产品，强调了它们在推进循环生物经济倡议和减少对合成塑料的依赖方面的重要性。本研究通过综合创新和有效保存技术的最新进展作出贡献。这些方法包括抗菌和抗氧化性能，控制释放系统，以及控制气体交换，水分转移和生化降解的纳米增强。此外，新的制造技术，如电喷涂、静电纺丝和层接层组装，在设计涂层微观结构和控制释放动力学方面的有效性也得到了评估，从而超越了传统的方法。本文综述了结合可持续性、材料创新和实用效果的新一代可食用活性涂料，它们具有生物活性屏障、延长保质期、保持感官品质和促进环境可持续食品保鲜的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Sulfated modification and biomedical applications of β-glucans: A review β-葡聚糖的磺化改性及其生物医学应用综述

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101063

Zeming Zhang , Haoyu Wang , Mengqing Li , Yuxuan Liu , Kaiping Wang , Jinglin Wang

β-glucans, a type of naturally occurring polysaccharide with β-glycosidic linkages, are widely recognized for their immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties, whereas their inherent properties often restrict their further applications. Sulfated β-glucans have emerged as versatile derivatives of β-glucans with enhanced physicochemical properties, driven by the introduction of sulfate groups onto their backbone. They also exhibit novel or improved bioactivities compared to their unmodified counterparts, owing to their modified molecular structures and strengthened interactions with biological targets. This review summarizes recent advancements in sulfation methods, including the chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method, sulfur trioxide method, and sulfuric acid method, highlighting their mechanisms, advantages, and limitations. Structural characterization techniques and various biomedical applications are discussed to elucidate the sulfation patterns and provide a theoretical basis for further use and development of sulfated β-glucans. Conclusively, sulfation serves as a promising strategy for fine-tuning β-glucan functionalities and expanding their potential in food and pharmaceutical areas.

β-葡聚糖是一种天然存在的具有β-糖苷键的多糖，因其免疫调节和治疗特性而被广泛认可，然而其固有的特性往往限制了其进一步的应用。硫酸盐酸化β-葡聚糖作为β-葡聚糖的多用途衍生物，由于在其骨架上引入硫酸盐基团，具有增强的物理化学性质。由于它们的分子结构被修饰，与生物靶标的相互作用增强，与未修饰的分子相比，它们还表现出新的或更好的生物活性。本文综述了近年来磺化方法的研究进展，包括氯磺酸-吡啶法、三氧化硫法和硫酸法，重点介绍了它们的机理、优点和局限性。讨论了结构表征技术和各种生物医学应用，阐明了磺化模式，为磺化β-葡聚糖的进一步利用和开发提供了理论基础。总之，磺化是一种很有前途的策略，可以微调β-葡聚糖的功能，扩大其在食品和制药领域的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Chitin and cellulose nanomaterials sulfation by mechanochemistry 几丁质和纤维素纳米材料的机械化学硫化

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101062

Daniela Duarte-Serrano , Aurélie Vallin , Caroline Hadad , José Miguel González Domínguez , Maria Emilia Cano , Arash Jamali , Stéphanie Guénin , Anne Wadouachi , Albert Nguyen Van Nhien

Natural sulfated polysaccharides (NSP) are widely used in food, medical, and cosmetic applications. Chemical sulfation is typically required to mimic NSP properties, but it often involves toxic solvents, excess reagents, and long heating times. We report for the first time the sulfation of well-defined cellulose and (oxidized)-chitin nanomaterials by mechanochemistry using a sulfur trioxide–pyridine complex offering a greener alternative. In contrast to their unmodified counterparts, the sulfated compounds S-NanoCel, S-NanoChit, and SONanoChit exhibited significantly lower turbidity values of 25, 45, and 158 NTU, respectively, confirming their excellent water dispersibility. The presence of covalently bound sulfate groups was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy with characteristic bands near 1250 and 820 cm⁻¹ and 13C NMR. Elemental analysis revealed degrees of substitution (DS) between 0.22 and 0.78, with S-NanoCel showing the highest DS. X-ray diffraction showed that the unmodified nanomaterials had crystallinity values ranging from 80 to 93 %. After sulfation, the crystallinity was reduced and is no longer quantifiable, although the overall crystalline structure remained visible, with lattice arrangements corresponding to the alignment of the polysaccharide chains. Finally, biological evaluation demonstrated that sulfated oxidized chitin exhibited the strongest heparanase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 0.7 µg·mL⁻¹), suggesting its potential as a heparan sulfate analog.

天然硫酸多糖（NSP）广泛应用于食品、医疗和化妆品等领域。化学磺化通常需要模拟NSP性质，但它通常涉及有毒溶剂，过量试剂和长时间加热。我们首次报道了利用三氧化硫-吡啶配合物，通过机械化学对定义明确的纤维素和（氧化的）几丁质纳米材料进行磺化，提供了一种更环保的选择。与未经改性的化合物相比，硫酸盐化合物S-NanoCel、S-NanoChit和SONanoChit的浊度值显著降低，分别为25、45和158 NTU，证实了它们出色的水分散性。在1250和820 cm附近的FTIR光谱和13C NMR的特征波段证实了共价结合的硫酸盐基团的存在。元素分析表明，S-NanoCel的取代度在0.22 ~ 0.78之间，取代度最高。x射线衍射表明，未经改性的纳米材料的结晶度在80% ~ 93%之间。硫酸化后，结晶度降低，无法量化，但整体晶体结构仍然可见，其晶格排列与多糖链的排列相对应。最后，生物学评价表明，硫酸氧化甲壳素具有最强的肝素酶抑制活性（IC₅₀= 0.7 μ g·mL⁻¹），表明其作为硫酸肝素类似物的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Autoclave-assisted green extraction of a hierarchical self-assembling polysaccharide from Flammulina velutipes Mycelium for ultra-efficient cryoprotection of frozen egg yolk 高压灭菌辅助绿色提取金针菇菌丝体中分层自组装多糖的超高效冷冻保护蛋黄

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101047

Lujie Qin , Lihua Tang , Ziyue Ling , Yin Fu , Yan Cao , Zhongyi Chang , Deming Jiang , Hongliang Gao , Caifeng Jia

This study developed a novel autoclave-assisted extraction technology to isolate a cryo-active polysaccharide (FVP-N1) from Flammulina velutipes mycelium and evaluated its potential as a natural cryoprotectant. FVP-N1 demonstrated significant ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity, reducing ice crystal size by 92.38 % compared to the control. Structural analysis identified FVP-N1 as a heteropolysaccharide (MW: 6.76×10⁵ Da) composed of glucose, xylose, and mannose (molar ratio 44.11:36.82:14.93), featuring a backbone of 1,3,4-linked α-d-glucopyranosyl residues interspersed with 1,3-linked α-d-mannopyranosyl units. Critical structural motifs included O4-branched side chains terminated by β-d-xylopyranosyl residues. Morphological studies (SEM/AFM) revealed hierarchical self-assembly into porous lamellar sheets aggregated into spherical clusters interconnected by fibrillar chains, suggesting a dual IRI mechanism involving ice surface adsorption and hydrogen-bond-mediated water ordering. Notably, FVP-N1 at an ultra-low concentration (0.005 % w/v) effectively maintained fluidity, protein solubility, and moisture homogeneity in frozen egg yolk. These findings elucidate the structure-function relationship of FVP-N1 and validate its practical utility as a highly effective, natural cryoprotectant for industrial frozen food applications.

本研究开发了一种新的高压灭菌辅助提取技术，从金针菇菌丝体中分离出一种低温活性多糖（FVP-N1），并对其作为天然冷冻保护剂的潜力进行了评价。FVP-N1表现出明显的冰再结晶抑制（IRI）活性，与对照相比，冰晶大小减少了92.38%。结构分析表明，FVP-N1是一种由葡萄糖、木糖和甘露糖（摩尔比为44.11:36.82:14.93）组成的杂多糖（MW: 6.76×105 Da），其主链由1,3,4连接的α-d-葡萄糖吡喃基残基与1,3连接的α-d-甘露吡喃基单元点缀而成。关键结构基序包括由β-d-木吡喃基残基端部的o4支链。形态学研究（SEM/AFM）揭示了层次化自组装成多孔片层，并通过纤维链相互连接成球形团簇，这表明存在双重IRI机制，包括冰表面吸附和氢键介导的水排序。值得注意的是，超低浓度（0.005% w/v）的FVP-N1能有效保持冷冻蛋黄的流动性、蛋白质溶解度和水分均匀性。这些发现阐明了FVP-N1的结构-功能关系，并验证了其作为工业冷冻食品应用的高效天然冷冻保护剂的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Ultrasound-assisted removal of chlorpyrifos using magnetic activated carbon– carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel beads derived from orange peel waste 超声波辅助去除毒死蜱用磁性活性炭-羧甲基纤维素水凝胶珠从橘子皮废料

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101048

Mehdi Barzegarzadeh, Mohammad Sadegh Amini-Fazl

Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate insecticide, has been frequently detected in water resources, raising concerns about environmental and health risks. In this study, hydrogel beads based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were synthesized by incorporating magnetic activated carbon derived from orange peel waste (0–30 wt%). The prepared composites were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, BET, VSM, and other techniques. Adsorption parameters were optimized through the Taguchi method, identifying the optimal conditions at an initial chlorpyrifos concentration of 90 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 2 g/L, contact time of 60 min, and solution pH of 9. The hydrogel containing 30 wt% magnetic activated carbon (CMC/MAC30) exhibited nearly 100 % removal efficiency. Nonlinear fitting revealed that the adsorption process followed the Toth model under ultrasonic irradiation and the Sips model in its absence. According to the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity increased from 162.96 to 211.86 mg/g upon ultrasonic treatment, attributed to enhanced mass transfer via cavitation. Comparative analysis with previously reported adsorbents confirmed the superior adsorption capacity of CMC/MAC30. Moreover, the adsorbent maintained 92 % removal efficiency after eight regeneration cycles. Importantly, CMC/MAC30 was also evaluated in simulated agricultural wastewater containing competing ions, where the removal efficiency decreased from ∼100 % to ∼70 %, yet still demonstrated the strong potential of the adsorbent in realistic complex matrices. These findings highlight CMC/MAC30, especially when assisted by ultrasound, as a promising green adsorbent for the efficient removal of chlorpyrifos from aqueous environment.

毒死蜱是一种有机磷杀虫剂，经常在水资源中被发现，引起人们对环境和健康风险的担忧。本研究以柑桔皮废料为原料，以0-30 wt%的磁性活性炭为原料，合成了羧甲基纤维素（CMC）为基材的水凝胶珠。采用FT-IR、XRD、FESEM、BET、VSM等技术对制备的复合材料进行了表征。采用田口法对吸附参数进行优化，确定了毒死蜱初始浓度为90 mg/L、吸附剂用量为2 g/L、接触时间为60 min、溶液pH为9的最佳条件。含有30 wt%磁性活性炭（CMC/MAC30）的水凝胶的去除率接近100%。非线性拟合表明，超声辐照下吸附过程遵循Toth模型，无超声辐照时遵循Sips模型。根据Langmuir模型，超声处理后的最大吸附容量从162.96 mg/g增加到211.86 mg/g，这是由于空化传质增强所致。通过与已有报道的吸附剂的对比分析，证实了CMC/MAC30具有较好的吸附能力。在8次再生循环后，吸附剂的去除率仍保持在92%。重要的是，CMC/MAC30还在含有竞争离子的模拟农业废水中进行了评估，其中去除效率从~ 100%下降到~ 70%，但仍然显示出吸附剂在现实复杂基质中的强大潜力。这些发现突出了CMC/MAC30，特别是在超声辅助下，作为一种有前途的绿色吸附剂，可以有效地去除水中环境中的毒死蜱。

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引用次数: 0

Starch–Chitosan microcapsules as biopolymeric carriers of halotolerant PGPB: Enhancing safflower‐mediated phytoremediation and salinity tolerance 淀粉-壳聚糖微胶囊作为耐盐PGPB的生物聚合物载体：增强红花介导的植物修复和耐盐性

IF 6.5 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2025.101055

Fateme Aghamir , Ghasem Eghlima , Zinab Moradi Alvand , Leila Ordibehesti , Mohsen Farzaneh , Hasan Rafati

Soil salinity limits agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions where large-scale leaching is impractical. Biopolymer-based microencapsulation for bioinoculant delivery offers a sustainable approach to rehabilitating saline soils and improving crop performance. We evaluated twelve halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPB ) applied as free cells and chitosan–starch microcapsules, with or without organic liquid fertilizer (OLF), to enhance safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) growth and soil desalination. Greenhouse factorial trials (three replications) assessed morphological, physiological, and biochemical plant traits, and soil Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and electrical conductivity (EC). Data were analyzed using factorial ANOVA (LSD, p < 0.05) in SAS v9.4, with multivariate relationships explored by PCA in Python (scikit-learn v1.4.0). Microencapsulation enhanced PGPB viability, colonization, and function. Integrator strains (Rhizobium sp., Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Rhizobium radiobacter) reduced EC by up to ∼51%. Specialist strains (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Micrococcus luteus) increased targeted metabolites, while persistent strains (Bacillus licheniformis, Kushneria sp.) maintained remediation. The chitosan–starch carrier provided mechanical protection, enzyme stabilization, and promoted exopolysaccharide-mediated soil aggregation. Combining diverse PGPB types with biopolymer encapsulation and organic amendments offers a scalable, low-impact solution for salinity mitigation. These greenhouse findings demonstrate the potential of microencapsulated halophilic PGPB for sustainable saline soil management, pending further field validation and biosafety assessment.

土壤盐度限制了干旱和半干旱地区的农业，在这些地区大规模淋洗是不切实际的。以生物聚合物为基础的微胶囊用于生物接种剂的输送，为恢复盐碱地和提高作物性能提供了一种可持续的方法。研究了12种耐盐植物促生长根瘤菌（PGPB）作为游离细胞和壳聚糖淀粉微胶囊，在添加或不添加有机液肥（OLF）的情况下，促进红花（Carthamus tinctorius L.）生长和土壤淡化的效果。温室析因试验（3个重复）评估了植物的形态、生理和生化特性，以及土壤Na +、K +、Ca +和电导率（EC）。在SAS v9.4中使用因子方差分析（LSD, p < 0.05）对数据进行分析，并在Python （scikit-learn v1.4.0）中使用PCA探讨多变量关系。微胶囊化增强了PGPB的活力、定植和功能。整合菌（根瘤菌、农杆菌、放射根瘤菌）可减少EC高达51%。特殊菌株（荧光假单胞菌、黄体微球菌）增加了目标代谢物，而持久菌株（地衣芽孢杆菌、库什纳菌）维持了修复。壳聚糖-淀粉载体提供了机械保护、酶稳定和促进外多糖介导的土壤聚集。将不同的PGPB类型与生物聚合物封装和有机改性相结合，提供了一种可扩展的、低影响的盐度降低解决方案。这些温室研究结果表明，微囊化的嗜盐PGPB在盐碱地可持续管理方面具有潜力，有待进一步的实地验证和生物安全性评估。

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