Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications最新文献

Spray-drying encapsulation of sunflower pollen peptides using carbohydrate polymers: Physicochemical, antioxidant, structural and morphological analysis 用碳水化合物聚合物喷雾干燥向日葵花粉肽包封：理化、抗氧化、结构和形态分析

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100622

Amir Akbarmehr , Seyed Hadi Peighambardoust , Leila Pourhasan , Khashayar Sarabandi

Flower pollen collected by honey bees is a rich source of bioactive peptides (BPs). Different carriers such as maltodextrin (MD), gum Arabic (GA), and β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and their combinations were used for encapsulation of BPs from sunflower pollen protein (SPP). Different physicochemical, antioxidant, functional, structural and morphological properties of the obtained microparticles were evaluated. The amino acid composition of SPP and the derived peptides revealed a high proportion of hydrophobic (∼40%), antioxidant (∼18%), and essential (∼31%) amino acids, indicating their biological potential. Among the microencapsulated samples, the MD-βCD composition exhibited the highest production efficiency (∼65%) and improved physicochemical properties, such as microbial stability, density, flowability, wettability, and solubility, compared to the spray-dried free peptides (free SD-BPs) without a carrier. The encapsulation process helped to maintain the structural integrity of the microparticles and reduced moisture absorption. The SPP-derived peptides encapsulated in MD-βCD also demonstrated potent antioxidant activity, inhibiting ABTS⁺ (∼75%) and DPPH^- (∼69%) free radicals. The results suggest that the BPs obtained from sunflower pollen can be a valuable ingredient for enriching various food products due to their favorable nutritional, functional, and antioxidant properties.

蜜蜂采集的花粉是生物活性肽（bp）的丰富来源。采用麦芽糖糊精（MD）、阿拉伯胶（GA）和β-环糊精（βCD）等不同载体及其组合对向日葵花粉蛋白（SPP）的bp进行包封。对所得微颗粒的理化、抗氧化、功能、结构和形态等性能进行了评价。SPP及其衍生肽的氨基酸组成显示出高比例的疏水（~ 40%）、抗氧化（~ 18%）和必需（~ 31%）氨基酸，表明它们具有生物潜力。在微胶囊化样品中，与没有载体的喷雾干燥游离肽（游离sd - bp）相比，MD-β - cd组成具有最高的生产效率（~ 65%），并且具有更好的理化性质，如微生物稳定性、密度、流动性、润湿性和溶解度。包封过程有助于保持微粒的结构完整性，减少吸湿。包裹在MD-β cd中的spp衍生肽也显示出强大的抗氧化活性，抑制ABTS+(~ 75%)和DPPH-(~ 69%)自由基。结果表明，从向日葵花粉中获得的bp具有良好的营养、功能和抗氧化特性，可作为丰富各种食品的重要成分。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring cationic amylose inclusion complexes as a pioneering carrier for aroma molecules; fabrication, and characterization 探索阳离子直链淀粉包合物作为芳香分子的先锋载体；制作和表征

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100615

Zohreh Mokhtari , Seid Mahdi Jafari

Amylose complexes are considered excellent carriers for flavor compounds (FCs), leading to their controlled release. Nevertheless, the utilization of native amylose for the creation of inclusion complexes (ICs) is constrained by its pronounced propensity for retrogradation (re-crystallization) and its limited water solubility. Therefore, chemical modification of amylose stands as an innovative approach to generate soluble ICs. This study focused on generating and evaluating ICs composed of cationic amylose sourced from sago and corn, which then loaded with FCs (menthol, thymol, and eugenol). The characteristics of ICs with FCs were characterized in terms of including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Complex Index, Fourier transform infrared/Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron/atomic force microscopy. The XRD and the complex index findings suggested that cationizing the anhydroglucose units of amylose was accomplished without disrupting its helical structure, while also showing a promising ability to create ICs. Notably, sago amylose exhibited a significantly higher complex index compared to corn amylose (p < 0.05). Morphological analysis of the cationized amylose-flavor ICs revealed the presence of spherical and lamellar crystalline structures, suggesting a well-organized assembly resulting from ICs. Also, due to its high hydrophobicity and low vapor pressure, menthol in the presence of ethanol was able to form more ICs with amylose compared to thymol and eugenol. Finally, the study highlighted the unique properties of sago amylose, including its high retrogradation tendency, which was further enhanced by cationization. These findings underscore the utility of cationized amylose, particularly from sago, as an advanced material for encapsulating hydrophobic compounds.

直链淀粉配合物被认为是风味化合物（fc）的优良载体，可以控制其释放。然而，利用天然直链淀粉生成包合物（ic）受到其明显的退化倾向（再结晶）和有限的水溶性的限制。因此，对直链淀粉进行化学改性是制备可溶性ic的一种创新方法。本研究的重点是生成和评估由西米和玉米中的阳离子直链淀粉组成的ic，然后装载FCs（薄荷醇、百里香酚和丁香酚）。采用x射线衍射（XRD）、复指数、傅里叶变换红外/拉曼光谱、扫描电子/原子力显微镜等方法对含氟碳化合物的集成电路进行了表征。XRD和配合物指数的结果表明，阳离子化直链淀粉的无水葡萄糖单元在不破坏其螺旋结构的情况下完成，同时也显示出有希望产生ic的能力。值得注意的是，西米直链淀粉的复合指数显著高于玉米直链淀粉(p <；0.05)。对阳离子化的直链淀粉味集成电路的形态分析显示其具有球形和片层状的晶体结构，表明集成电路具有良好的组织结构。此外，由于其高疏水性和低蒸气压，与百里酚和丁香酚相比，薄荷醇在乙醇存在下能够与直链淀粉形成更多的ic。最后，研究强调了西米直链淀粉的独特性质，包括其高降解倾向，并通过阳离子化进一步增强。这些发现强调了阳离子直链淀粉的实用性，特别是来自西米的直链淀粉，作为包封疏水化合物的先进材料。

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引用次数: 0

Modification of regenerated cellulose fibres by cork-derived suberin and the cutin fraction from grape skins 软木衍生的软木脂和葡萄皮中的果胶成分对再生纤维素纤维的改性作用

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100613

Kaniz Moriam , Catarina Azevedo , Sara Fateixa , Fábio Bernardo , Herbert Sixta , Dmitry V. Evtuguin

Regenerated cellulose fibres from dissolving pulp are a versatile alternative to cotton fibres on the path to the sustainable textile industry. In this study, cellulose fibres obtained by the Ioncell-F® process (Ioncell fibres) were modified by adding 10 % (w/w) of suberin compounds isolated from cork (SUB) or a cutin fraction from grape skins (CUT) in the spinning dope. Although both SUB and CUT modified fibres revealed higher hydrophobicity than unmodified fibres, fibres doped with CUT showed better waterproof performance than those doped with SUB. This was explained by the better retention of CUT than SUB on the regenerated fibres and by the higher hydrophobicity of CUT. Differences in the strength properties of Ioncell fibres obtained by pilot-scale dry-jet wet spinning were related to their physical structure, whereas dirt repellence and susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis depended on the occurrence and amounts of retained CUT or SUB.

从溶解纸浆中提取的再生纤维素纤维是通往可持续纺织业道路上棉纤维的多功能替代品。在这项研究中，通过 Ioncell-F® 工艺获得的纤维素纤维（Ioncell 纤维）通过在纺纱涂料中添加 10 %（重量/重量）从软木中分离出来的单宁化合物（SUB）或从葡萄皮中分离出来的角质成分（CUT）进行改性。虽然经 SUB 和 CUT 改性的纤维都比未经改性的纤维具有更高的疏水性，但掺入 CUT 的纤维比掺入 SUB 的纤维具有更好的防水性能。这是因为 CUT 比 SUB 更好地保留在再生纤维上，而且 CUT 的疏水性更高。通过中试规模干喷湿纺获得的 Ioncell 纤维在强度特性上的差异与其物理结构有关，而防污性和对酶水解的敏感性则取决于所保留的 CUT 或 SUB 的存在和数量。

引用次数: 0

Carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide enzymatic hydroxylates with reactive oxygen species scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity for topical treatment of skin photodamage 具有活性氧清除和抗炎活性的羧甲基壳聚糖低聚糖酶水解物，用于皮肤光损伤的局部治疗

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100612

Ziming Zhu , Hui Li , Xiansen Lv , Yan Yang , Baoqin Han , Zhiwen Jiang

Skin photodamage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major public health concern. UVB rays penetrate the epidermis, inducing oxidative stress and compromising essential cellular components. The demand for natural ingredients with properties such as moisturization, anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant protection, and compatibility is increasing to combat the impact of photodamage on the skin. Herein, the carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide (CM-COS) enzymatic hydroxylates were used on the topical application of skin photodamage for the first time. CM-COS, the degradation product of carboxymethyl chitosan, has high water solubility and multiple biological activities. Results showed that CM-COS promoted human epidermal cell (HaCaT) migration without causing cytotoxicity. In photodamaged HaCaT cells, CM-COS maintained cell viability and cytoskeletal integrity while inhibiting reactive oxygen species accumulation, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. CM-COS regulates gene expression related to cell cycle, oxidative stress, and inflammation in UVB-radiated HaCaT based on transcriptomic and qPCR data. In UVB-exposed mice, topical treatment of CM-COS significantly alleviated redness and scab formation and increased the moisture content of photodamaged skin. Histological analyses revealed reduced epidermal thickness and increased collagen I and collagen III deposition in photodamaged skin following CM-COS treatment. Additionally, gene expression related to the cell cycle, extracellular matrix, and inflammation were significantly activated by CM-COS based on transcriptomic and qPCR data. CM-COS modulated the levels of collagen and inflammation-related proteins. Collectively, the data confirm the therapeutic effect of CM-COS against skin photodamage and highlight the potential of natural marine oligosaccharides for treating skin diseases such as aging, wounds, and burns.

紫外线（UV）辐射造成的皮肤光损伤是一个主要的公共健康问题。紫外线穿透表皮，诱发氧化应激，损害细胞的基本成分。为了应对光损伤对皮肤的影响，人们对具有保湿、抗炎、抗氧化和兼容性等特性的天然成分的需求与日俱增。本文首次将羧甲基壳聚糖寡糖（CM-COS）酶羟化物用于皮肤光损伤的局部治疗。CM-COS 是羧甲基壳聚糖的降解产物，具有高水溶性和多种生物活性。研究结果表明，CM-COS 可促进人类表皮细胞（HaCaT）迁移，且不会产生细胞毒性。在光损伤的 HaCaT 细胞中，CM-COS 可维持细胞活力和细胞骨架完整性，同时抑制活性氧积累、细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞。根据转录组和 qPCR 数据，CM-COS 可调节 UVB 辐射 HaCaT 细胞中与细胞周期、氧化应激和炎症有关的基因表达。在暴露于 UVB 的小鼠中，CM-COS 的局部治疗可明显减轻红肿和痂皮的形成，并增加光损伤皮肤的含水量。组织学分析表明，CM-COS 治疗后，光损伤皮肤的表皮厚度减少，胶原 I 和胶原 III 沉积增加。此外，根据转录组和 qPCR 数据，与细胞周期、细胞外基质和炎症有关的基因表达也被 CM-COS 显著激活。CM-COS 调节了胶原蛋白和炎症相关蛋白的水平。总之，这些数据证实了 CM-COS 对皮肤光损伤的治疗效果，并凸显了天然海洋寡糖在治疗皮肤疾病（如老化、伤口和烧伤）方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Chitosan-based multimodal polymeric nanoparticles targeting pancreatic β-cells 靶向胰腺β细胞的壳聚糖基多模式聚合物纳米粒子

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100610

Lorenzo Rossi , Cataldo Pignatelli , Krisztina Kerekes , Francesca Cadamuro , András Dinnyés , Felix Lindheimer , Jochen Seissler , Magdalena Lindner , Sibylle Ziegler , Peter Bartenstein , Yi Qiu , Judit Kovács-Kocsi , Zoltán Körhegyi , Magdolna Bodnár , Erika Fazekas , Eszter Prépost , Francesco Nicotra , Laura Russo

Multimodal in vivo imaging of pancreatic islets might improve monitoring of endocrine grafts upon implantation, helping clinical validation of new regenerative therapies based on the replacement of β-cells in type 1 diabetes affected patients. Herein, the generation of chitosan-based multimodal diagnostic nanoparticles (NPs) able to target β-cells is described. The NPs, composed of chitosan (CH) and γ-poly-glutamic-acid (γ-PGA) with different “clickable” functional groups were chemoselectively decorated at the surface with Exendin-4 (Ex4), a ligand of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) β-cell receptors, and with a DOTA containing linker, to chelate diagnostic radioisotopes. Furthermore, the NPs were conjugated with IRDye®800CW for multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT). The affinity of Ex4 decorated NPs towards GLP-1R was confirmed by competitive flow cytometry tests. The detectability of the NPs labeled with IRDye®800CW and Ex4 in MSOT experiments was demonstrated. In vivo biodistribution of Ex4 decorated NPs labelled with Ga-68 was studied with positron emission tomography (PET) experiments in mice. Specific binding to GLP-1 receptor expressing tissue was demonstrated in autoradiography experiments, showing potential of the multimodal NPs for specifically targeting β-cells.

胰岛的活体多模态成像可改善对内分泌移植物植入后的监测，有助于临床验证基于替代1型糖尿病患者β细胞的新型再生疗法。本文介绍了能靶向β细胞的壳聚糖基多模式诊断纳米粒子（NPs）的生成过程。这种由壳聚糖（CH）和γ-聚谷氨酸（γ-PGA）组成的 NPs 具有不同的 "可点击 "功能基团，其表面用胰高血糖素样肽 1（GLP-1）β 细胞受体配体 Exendin-4 (Ex4) 和含有 DOTA 的连接体进行化学选择性装饰，以螯合诊断放射性同位素。此外，NPs 还与 IRDye®800CW 共轭，用于多谱段光声断层扫描（MSOT）。竞争性流式细胞仪测试证实了经 Ex4 修饰的 NPs 对 GLP-1R 的亲和力。用 IRDye®800CW 和 Ex4 标记的 NPs 在 MSOT 实验中的可检测性也得到了证实。正电子发射断层扫描（PET）实验研究了用 Ga-68 标记的 Ex4 装饰 NPs 在小鼠体内的生物分布情况。自显影实验证明了与 GLP-1 受体表达组织的特异性结合，显示了多模式 NPs 特异性靶向 β 细胞的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Removal of Lithium onto chitosan derivative using Taguchi method 利用田口方法在壳聚糖衍生物上去除锂

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100611

Peter Osei Boamah , Jacqueline Onumah , Tayari Salifu , John Hendrick Essel , Benjamin Apam

This study aimed to remove lithium from a water-based mixture using a low molecular weight chitosan derivative (LMWCHT-LA-GLA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to assess the sorbent. Lithium sorption capabilities were enhanced by LMWCHT-LA-GLA's functional groups OH, NH₂, and COOH. The initial concentration, sorbent dosage and pH had the biggest effects on sorption efficiency. At the ideal initial lithium content of 1 mg/L, sorbent quantity of 0.10 g and solution pH of 6, the percentage of removal was 62.75 %. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the initial lithium concentration contributed the largest percentage (94.10 %) to the removal efficiency. Utilizing the Freundlich, Temkin and Langmuir sorption models, the experimental data were examined. The experimental data and the Langmuir isotherm agreed fairly well with a maximum sorption capacity of 7.00 mg/g. Pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to analyze the kinetic data obtained at the optimal initial concentration. The pseudo-second-order model provided a good fit to the experimental data. Thermodynamic studies were used to determine the kind of lithium sorption. Overall results suggested that LMWCHT-LA-GLA is a promising sorbent for the removal of lithium from aqueous solution.

本研究旨在利用低分子量壳聚糖衍生物（LMWCHT-LA-GLA）去除水基混合物中的锂。傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和核磁共振（NMR）光谱用于评估吸附剂。LMWCHT-LA-GLA的官能团OH、NH2和COOH增强了锂的吸附能力。初始浓度、吸附剂用量和 pH 值对吸附效率的影响最大。当理想的初始锂含量为 1 mg/L、吸附剂用量为 0.10 g、溶液 pH 值为 6 时，锂的去除率为 62.75%。方差分析（ANOVA）显示，初始锂浓度对去除率的影响最大（94.10%）。利用 Freundlich、Temkin 和 Langmuir 吸附模型对实验数据进行了检验。实验数据与 Langmuir 等温线相当吻合，最大吸附容量为 7.00 毫克/克。使用伪一阶和伪二阶动力学模型分析了在最佳初始浓度下获得的动力学数据。伪二阶模型与实验数据拟合良好。热力学研究用于确定锂的吸附类型。总体结果表明，LMWCHT-LA-GLA 是一种很有前途的从水溶液中去除锂的吸附剂。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of consumption of unsaturated alginate oligosaccharides on the gut microbiota and the intestinal mucosal immunity homeostasis in immunocompromised mice 食用不饱和海藻酸寡糖对免疫缺陷小鼠肠道微生物群和肠粘膜免疫平衡的影响

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100604

Zhaopeng Shen , Hua Yin , Lu Sun , Lu Chen , Jiandong Li , Xin Zhang , Mingyong Zeng , Xiaolu Jiang , Junhong Yu

Despite the well-known health benefits of unsaturated alginate oligosaccharides (UAOS), limited information exists on how they regulate the gut microbiota and intestinal mucosal immunity. In this study, UAOS was produced by alginate lyase degradation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses showed that UAOS primarily consists of oligosaccharides, mainly pentamers, with a G/M ratio of 1.44 and unsaturated double bonds at the non-reducing end. UAOS exhibited good prebiotic effects; increased beneficial intestinal bacteria; improved the diversity, structure, and composition of the gut microbiota; and promoted the production of SCFAs. In particular, UAOS significantly increased the abundance of butyrate levels and their producing microbiota, such as Lachnospiraceae, Alloprevotella, and Butyicicoccus. Moreover, orally administered UAOS alleviated intestinal mucosal immunosuppression by upregulating the levels of the tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1, enhancing the intestinal biochemical and immune barrier function by increasing levels of mucin-2 and SIgA, upregulating the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, regulating CD4+ T cell differentiation, and stimulated immune cytokine secretion and transcription factor production (T-bet/GATA-3). This process was related to TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. In summary, UAOS effectively regulates intestinal mucosal immune homeostasis by strengthening the intestinal barrier and regulating the intestinal microbiota and intestinal butyrate levels. Therefore, UAOS acts as a prebiotic and immune stimulator to improve host health.

尽管不饱和藻酸寡糖（UAOS）对健康的益处众所周知，但有关它们如何调节肠道微生物群和肠粘膜免疫的信息却很有限。在这项研究中，不饱和藻酸寡糖是通过藻酸酶降解产生的。傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）、质谱（MS）和核磁共振（NMR）分析表明，UAOS 主要由低聚糖组成，以五聚体为主，G/M 比为 1.44，非还原端为不饱和双键。UAOS 具有良好的益生作用，能增加肠道有益菌，改善肠道微生物群的多样性、结构和组成，促进 SCFAs 的产生。特别是，尿囊素明显增加了丁酸盐含量及其产生微生物群，如Lachnospiraceae、Alloprevotella和Butyicicoccus。此外，口服 UAOS 还能通过上调紧密连接蛋白 occludin 和 ZO-1 的水平缓解肠粘膜免疫抑制，通过提高粘蛋白-2 和 SIgA 的水平增强肠道生化和免疫屏障功能，上调 CD4+/CD8+ 比率，调节 CD4+ T 细胞分化，刺激免疫细胞因子分泌和转录因子产生（T-bet/GATA-3）。这一过程与 TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB 通路有关。总之，UAOS 可通过加强肠道屏障、调节肠道微生物群和肠道丁酸盐水平来有效调节肠道粘膜免疫平衡。因此，UAOS 可作为一种益生元和免疫刺激剂来改善宿主健康。

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引用次数: 0

A novel chemical approach for the development of thioesterified cellulose derivatives 开发硫酯化纤维素衍生物的新型化学方法

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100608

Md. Sadiqul Islam Sheikh , Muhammed Shah Miran, Md. Abu Bin Hasan Susan, Md. Mominul Islam

In this study, thioesterified cellulose was synthesized by grafting thiol moiety onto α-cellulose, which was first oxidized with different reactive oxygen species such as H₂O₂, Fenton reagent (FR), and peroxyacetic acid in aqueous solution. The thioesterification was done by refluxing oxidized cellulose with ethanedithiol in a mixture of toluene and water (4:1) at 85°C for 6 h. The modification of cellulose was evidenced by FTIR, Raman, solid-state ¹³C CP MAS NMR spectroscopy, conductometric titration, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, zeta potential measurement, molecular weight determination, and SEM analysis. The characteristic absorption bands for −C=O and −C(=O)−S− bonds in FTIR and Raman spectra were suggestive of the modification of cellulose. 20 % FR was the most efficient in introducing the highest amount (158.93 μmol g⁻¹) of the -COOH groups, while cleavage of cellulose backbone was found to take place as evidenced by the result of the degree of polymerization. The presence of new peaks in ¹³C CP MAS NMR spectra of thiol-functionalized cellulose ascertained the anchoring of thiol onto oxidized cellulose. Additionally, the significant decrease in the C6 signals for the amorphous region of thiol-modified cellulose provided information about successful modification. In addition, the degree of substitution was determined to be about 0.025. The efficacious functionalization was further supported by the measurement of zeta potential, wherein thioesterified cellulose exhibited the highest negative zeta potential due to increased hydrophobicity. This study would open up a new route for the development of important derivatives of cellulose, including cellulose dimer, containing the thioester group which is the backbone of many antibiotics and natural products.

本研究通过在α-纤维素上接枝硫醇来合成硫酯化纤维素，α-纤维素首先在水溶液中被不同的活性氧氧化，如H2O2、芬顿试剂（FR）和过氧乙酸。傅立叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱、固态 13C CP MAS NMR 光谱、电导滴定、热重分析、X 射线衍射、Zeta 电位测量、分子量测定和扫描电镜分析都证明了纤维素的改性。傅立叶变换红外光谱和拉曼光谱中 -C=O 和 -C(=O)-S- 键的特征吸收带表明纤维素发生了改性。20 % FR 能最有效地引入最高量（158.93 μmol g-1）的 -COOH 基团，而聚合度结果表明纤维素骨架发生了裂解。硫醇官能化纤维素的 13C CP MAS NMR 光谱中出现的新峰确定了硫醇在氧化纤维素上的锚定。此外，硫醇改性纤维素无定形区 C6 信号的显著下降也提供了改性成功的信息。此外，还确定了取代度约为 0.025。ZETA电位的测量进一步证实了功能化的有效性，其中硫酯化纤维素由于疏水性增强而表现出最高的负ZETA电位。这项研究为开发重要的纤维素衍生物（包括含有硫酯基团的纤维素二聚体）开辟了一条新途径，硫酯基团是许多抗生素和天然产品的骨架。

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引用次数: 0

Production of cellulose nanocrystals from the waste banana (M. oranta) tree rachis fiber as a reinforcement to fabricate useful bionanocomposite 利用废弃香蕉树轴纤维生产纤维素纳米晶体，作为制造有用的仿生复合材料的增强材料

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100607

Md. Mahmudur Rahman , Md. Elius Hosen Pk , Md. Waliullah , Md. Ismail Hossain , Mohd. Maniruzzaman , Bijoy Chandra Ghos

It is crucial to produce CNCs from the waste biomass of secondary plants to reduce the extra pressure on primary plants which have other advantageous applications in many sectors. Whereas the useless banana (M. oranta) rachis after harvesting its edible part could be a very new and beneficial one. Meanwhile, several well-known methods could be conducted, namely water retting, scouring, alkali treatment, chlorite bleaching, and acid hydrolysis, to yield high-quality CNCs. The samples of all stages were characterized by several state-of-the-art techniques, namely FTIR-ATR, TGA, FESEM, XRD, UV–vis-NIR, DLS, and zeta potential analysis, for a better understanding of their structural properties/purity. However, obtained results recommended that the CNCs have shown extensive active edges, greater thermal improvement up to 700 °C, high crystallinity around 81.07±0.15% with JCPDS-ICDD card number (00-056-1718), a honeycomb-like porous microstructure, and promising spherical shapes along with an average size around 50 nm. Additionally, the newly produced CNCs were free from all impurities and coloring materials and revealed a higher negatively charged surface around -45 mV. Therefore, due to these outstanding features, banana rachis CNCs with a high yield (around 82.05±0.06%) would be beneficially used as promising reinforcement to fabricate useful bionanocomposite for various applications to replace fossil-based hazardous synthetic materials.

利用次生植物的废弃生物质生产氯化萘至关重要，可减轻对原生植物的额外压力，因为原生植物在许多领域都有其他有利应用。而收获香蕉（M. oranta）可食用部分后无用的香蕉轴可能是一种非常有益的新材料。同时，还可采用几种众所周知的方法，即水洗、冲洗、碱处理、亚氯酸盐漂白和酸水解，以获得高质量的 CNC。为了更好地了解其结构特性/纯度，对所有阶段的样品都采用了几种最先进的技术进行表征，即傅立叶变换红外-原子吸收光谱（FTIR-ATR）、热重分析（TGA）、外表面可见光（FESEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、紫外-可见-近红外（UV-vis-NIR）、DLS和ZETA电位分析。然而，所获得的结果表明，这些 CNC 具有广泛的活性边缘，在 700 °C 以下具有更大的热改善作用，结晶度高，约为 81.07±0.15%（JCPDS-ICDD 卡号 (00-056-1718)），具有蜂窝状多孔微结构，具有良好的球形形状，平均尺寸约为 50 nm。此外，新制备的 CNC 不含任何杂质和着色材料，并显示出较高的负电荷表面，约为 -45 mV。因此，由于这些突出特点，香蕉茎秆碳纳米管具有较高的产率（约为 82.05±0.06%），可作为有前途的增强材料，用于制造有用的仿生复合材料，以取代化石基有害合成材料，并应用于各种领域。

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引用次数: 0

Hyperbranched polylysine/oxidized carboxymethyl cellolose integrated gelatin composite for wound treatment 用于伤口治疗的超支化聚赖氨酸/氧化羧甲基纤维素集成明胶复合材料

IF 6.2 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2024.100606

Fatemeh Hakimi , Moein Kosari , Parya Esmaeelnejad , Shabnam Sattari , Fahimeh Kazeminava , Sheida Moradi , Motaleb Ghasemian , Mohsen Adeli , Zainab Ahmadian

Herein, we report the preparation and evaluation of a new composite consisting of gelatin matrix, oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (OCMC), and hyperbranched polylysine (PL) components for full-thickness wound treatment. To enhance the antimicrobial activity of the gelatin matrix, OCMC/PL was successfully combined with this matrix via the Schiff base reaction. Moreover, allantoin (Alla) as a drug model was loaded by this composite and the optimal formulation for wound healing (PLOCG-Alla) was obtained. The structural properties, thermal stability, crystallinity and interactions between materials were investigated using SEM, TGA, XRD and FTIR techniques. Cytotoxicity and antibacterial capacity were evaluated by MTT assay and colony counting methods, respectively. The release behavior was investigated at two different pH values. Blood coagulation and wound healing potential were also evaluated in vivo. PLOCG-Alla exhibited high antibacterial capacity, pH-dependent release behavior, biocompatibility and high blood clotting ability. It also accelerated wound healing in vivo.

在此，我们报告了一种由明胶基质、氧化羧甲基纤维素（OCMC）和超支化聚赖氨酸（PL）成分组成的新型复合材料的制备和评估情况，该复合材料可用于全厚伤口治疗。为了增强明胶基质的抗菌活性，OCMC/PL 通过希夫碱反应与明胶基质成功结合。此外，该复合材料还添加了尿囊素（Alla）作为药物模型，并获得了用于伤口愈合的最佳配方（PLOCG-Alla）。利用 SEM、TGA、XRD 和 FTIR 技术研究了材料的结构特性、热稳定性、结晶度和相互作用。细胞毒性和抗菌能力分别通过 MTT 法和菌落计数法进行了评估。研究了两种不同 pH 值下的释放行为。此外，还对体内血液凝固和伤口愈合潜力进行了评估。结果表明，PLOCG-Alla 具有很高的抗菌能力、随 pH 值变化的释放行为、生物相容性和较高的凝血能力。它还能加速体内伤口愈合。

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