Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100106
Nathalie Paladines, Ana Carolina Morandini DDS MDS PhD
OBJECTIVES
Our previous work has shown the role of adenosine in mitochondrial health to regulate IL-1-mediated inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts, and the protective role of enzyme CD73, which is the final step to generate adenosine extracellularly, in mediating osteoclastogenesis and the hyper inflammatory response of gingival fibroblasts. Adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) agonist (CGS21680) has been associated with anti-inflammatory effects in models of sepsis, articular chondrocyte inflammation, and oral mucositis in vitro as well as particle-induced inflammatory bone destruction in vivo. This study examined the effects of A2aR agonist CGS 21680 in a mouse model of ligature-induced periodontitis.
METHODS
Mature adult mice (C57Bl/6J) underwent ligature placement on the maxillary second molar to induce periodontitis. The unligated contralateral molar tooth served as an internal control. For the following 8 days, the mice received intra-peritoneal injections of A2aR agonist (CGS21680, 0.1 mg/Kg) or a saline control. After 8 days, gingival tissues and maxillae were harvested. The maxillae underwent micro-CT analysis to measure alveolar bone loss and the gingival tissues were processed for protein analysis through immunoblot.
RESULTS
Micro-CT analysis demonstrated mice that received A2aR agonist had significantly less bone loss compared to the control group. Protein analysis of gingival tissue showed periodontitis induced higher IL-1 levels compared to the unligated side and decreased IL-1b in A2aR-treated mice compared to control animals.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, A2aR-treated mice were protected from ligature-induced periodontitis and displayed less gingival IL-1 levels.
{"title":"Adenosine A2a receptor in Experimental Periodontitis","authors":"Nathalie Paladines, Ana Carolina Morandini DDS MDS PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>Our previous work has shown the role of adenosine in mitochondrial health to regulate IL-1-mediated inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts, and the protective role of enzyme CD73, which is the final step to generate adenosine extracellularly, in mediating osteoclastogenesis and the hyper inflammatory response of gingival fibroblasts. Adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) agonist (CGS21680) has been associated with anti-inflammatory effects in models of sepsis, articular chondrocyte inflammation, and oral mucositis in vitro as well as particle-induced inflammatory bone destruction in vivo. This study examined the effects of A2aR agonist CGS 21680 in a mouse model of ligature-induced periodontitis.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Mature adult mice (C57Bl/6J) underwent ligature placement on the maxillary second molar to induce periodontitis. The unligated contralateral molar tooth served as an internal control. For the following 8 days, the mice received intra-peritoneal injections of A2aR agonist (CGS21680, 0.1 mg/Kg) or a saline control. After 8 days, gingival tissues and maxillae were harvested. The maxillae underwent micro-CT analysis to measure alveolar bone loss and the gingival tissues were processed for protein analysis through immunoblot.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Micro-CT analysis demonstrated mice that received A2aR agonist had significantly less bone loss compared to the control group. Protein analysis of gingival tissue showed periodontitis induced higher IL-1 levels compared to the unligated side and decreased IL-1b in A2aR-treated mice compared to control animals.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>In conclusion, A2aR-treated mice were protected from ligature-induced periodontitis and displayed less gingival IL-1 levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000294/pdfft?md5=783b39d6bf4d59da002b5862bd709b25&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000294-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CAD/CAM stands for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing. It is a digital system that employs CAM to translate designs from CAD into tangible goods. CAD/CAM intraoral scanners aim to make practitioners more effective in dentistry.
METHODS
The criteria selection is based on a study conducted with research articles. These articles were included and/or excluded based on the following criteria: articles should be peer reviewed, not published before 2018 and not literature reviews or meta-analysis. The database used to conduct this literature review was PubMed through Augusta University's online library database. The keywords used to find relevant articles were CAD/CAM, computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, computer-assisted manufacturing, accuracy, intraoral scanner, high resolution, anxiety, stress, fear, nervousness, dental phobia, time distribution, time administration, effective planning, and time management.
RESULTS
To demonstrate that CAD/CAM improves clinician accuracy and efficacy, three separate studies were carried out. In the first study, an intraoral scanner is used to examine the accuracy of digital impressions at the edge of crown preparation using different scanning methodologies. A mandibular first molar was created entirely of ceramic on a typodont. Three settings—high solution, ordinary resolution, and combination resolution—were used to get the desired impression. Study two was carried out. Five skilled doctors and five less skilled clinicians were randomly allocated to build interim single crowns using digital sextant imaging. Research 3 found that using CAD/CAM would improve implant placement when comparing free-hand surgery to using the s-CAIS surgical guide for insertion.
CONCLUSIONS
Any intraoral scanner's accuracy is entirely dependent on the machine's hardware and is tuned for default scans. Compared to a traditional workflow, a single crown made with CAD/CAM needed less fabrication time and produced a better fit. competent to materialize dental implants, removable prosthodontics, veneers, crowns, inlays, onlays, and full mouth rehabilitation.
IMPLICATIONS
This stage of the scanning process is undesired because it requires more time to digitally trim away the preparation margin and set up a High-resolution mode in the program. Additionally, the increasing volume of computer data required to create scans makes this step necessary. Research II In a traditional workflow, less experienced Clinicians took longer to make temporary crowns. Study 3: To avoid errors resulting from provider omission, clinicians need to be trained in the proper use of CAD/CAM.
{"title":"Will CAD/CAM Technology Increase the Effectiveness of Clinicians?","authors":"Shantell Boyd, Sonyetta Lorenzo-Jenkins, Trina Hutto RDH, MS, EdD","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>CAD/CAM stands for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing. It is a digital system that employs CAM to translate designs from CAD into tangible goods. CAD/CAM intraoral scanners aim to make practitioners more effective in dentistry.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>The criteria selection is based on a study conducted with research articles. These articles were included and/or excluded based on the following criteria: articles should be peer reviewed, not published before 2018 and not literature reviews or meta-analysis. The database used to conduct this literature review was PubMed through Augusta University's online library database. The keywords used to find relevant articles were CAD/CAM, computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, computer-assisted manufacturing, accuracy, intraoral scanner, high resolution, anxiety, stress, fear, nervousness, dental phobia, time distribution, time administration, effective planning, and time management.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>To demonstrate that CAD/CAM improves clinician accuracy and efficacy, three separate studies were carried out. In the first study, an intraoral scanner is used to examine the accuracy of digital impressions at the edge of crown preparation using different scanning methodologies. A mandibular first molar was created entirely of ceramic on a typodont. Three settings—high solution, ordinary resolution, and combination resolution—were used to get the desired impression. Study two was carried out. Five skilled doctors and five less skilled clinicians were randomly allocated to build interim single crowns using digital sextant imaging. Research 3 found that using CAD/CAM would improve implant placement when comparing free-hand surgery to using the s-CAIS surgical guide for insertion.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Any intraoral scanner's accuracy is entirely dependent on the machine's hardware and is tuned for default scans. Compared to a traditional workflow, a single crown made with CAD/CAM needed less fabrication time and produced a better fit. competent to materialize dental implants, removable prosthodontics, veneers, crowns, inlays, onlays, and full mouth rehabilitation.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>This stage of the scanning process is undesired because it requires more time to digitally trim away the preparation margin and set up a High-resolution mode in the program. Additionally, the increasing volume of computer data required to create scans makes this step necessary. Research II In a traditional workflow, less experienced Clinicians took longer to make temporary crowns. Study 3: To avoid errors resulting from provider omission, clinicians need to be trained in the proper use of CAD/CAM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000397/pdfft?md5=a191bbe4010f9853c50246d4491764a0&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000397-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100109
Christopher Hollingsworth, Rafik A. Abdelsayed DDS, BDS, MS, Mohammed Bindakhil DDS, MS
OBJECTIVES
This article aims to expand the literature on myoepitheliomas by describing several cases with an emphasis on histological presentation, clinical appearance, and demographics. To the best of our knowledge, this article is the largest single-center case series of myoepitheliomas.
METHODS
A retrospective search for myoepithelioma salivary gland tumors in the oral and maxillofacial pathology archive at The Dental College of Georgia was performed. Patient demographics and the clinicopathologic features were collected and analyzed. Additionally, a comprehensive literature review of benign myoepithelioma of the salivary glands was conducted. The database PubMed was searched from (1/1/2008-to-9/1/2023) using the search terms: “salivary gland”, “myoepithelioma.” Demographic and clinicopathologic data were extracted and analyzed. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics Version 26 (IBM Corporation, NY). Categorical data was analyzed through the Fisher exact test. Results were considered statistically significant at (P < .05).
RESULTS
Institutional Case Series: The retrospective search revealed 13 cases of myoepithelial salivary gland tumors—9 benign myoepitheliomas & 4 malignant myoepithelial tumors (included for comparison). Tumor morphology was analyzed—epithelioid pattern, 6 cases (4 benign, 2 malignant); spindle cell pattern, 6 cases (4 benign, 2 malignant); plasmacytoid pattern, 7 cases (6 benign, 1 malignant). The characteristics of connective tissue trauma were also analyzed. The stroma was myxoid in 2 cases (1 benign, 1 malignant), fibrinous in 5 cases (4 benign, 1 malignant), and necrotic in 2 cases (2 malignant). The difference in reported clinicopathologic characteristics was not statistically significant, except for the presence of mitosis (p=.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Rare salivary gland tumors, especially those arising in atypical locations with ambiguous morphological patterns, present a unique diagnostic challenge. Due to myoepithelioma's ability to manifest in the various glandular structures of the head and neck, dental professionals and physicians who encounter head and neck pathology must recognize this entity as part of their differential diagnosis when clinically appropriate.
IMPLICATIONS
This project is targeted at clinicians and pathologists who encounter and manage head and neck pathology. Due to the rarity of this tumor class, there are many case reports, but no case series or reviews of this magnitude providing a clear profile of this neoplasm. The value of this article lies in the scope of our data set and the clinicopathologic overview it provides. It will contribute to improved differential diagnoses and, therefore, improved management of this condition.
{"title":"Benign Myoepithelial Neoplasms of Salivary Glands: Clinicopathologic Profile and Literature Review","authors":"Christopher Hollingsworth, Rafik A. Abdelsayed DDS, BDS, MS, Mohammed Bindakhil DDS, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>This article aims to expand the literature on myoepitheliomas by describing several cases with an emphasis on histological presentation, clinical appearance, and demographics. To the best of our knowledge, this article is the largest single-center case series of myoepitheliomas.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>A retrospective search for myoepithelioma salivary gland tumors in the oral and maxillofacial pathology archive at The Dental College of Georgia was performed. Patient demographics and the clinicopathologic features were collected and analyzed. Additionally, a comprehensive literature review of benign myoepithelioma of the salivary glands was conducted. The database PubMed was searched from (1/1/2008-to-9/1/2023) using the search terms: “salivary gland”, “myoepithelioma.” Demographic and clinicopathologic data were extracted and analyzed. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics Version 26 (IBM Corporation, NY). Categorical data was analyzed through the Fisher exact test. Results were considered statistically significant at (P < .05).</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Institutional Case Series: The retrospective search revealed 13 cases of myoepithelial salivary gland tumors—9 benign myoepitheliomas & 4 malignant myoepithelial tumors (included for comparison). Tumor morphology was analyzed—epithelioid pattern, 6 cases (4 benign, 2 malignant); spindle cell pattern, 6 cases (4 benign, 2 malignant); plasmacytoid pattern, 7 cases (6 benign, 1 malignant). The characteristics of connective tissue trauma were also analyzed. The stroma was myxoid in 2 cases (1 benign, 1 malignant), fibrinous in 5 cases (4 benign, 1 malignant), and necrotic in 2 cases (2 malignant). The difference in reported clinicopathologic characteristics was not statistically significant, except for the presence of mitosis (p=.001).</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Rare salivary gland tumors, especially those arising in atypical locations with ambiguous morphological patterns, present a unique diagnostic challenge. Due to myoepithelioma's ability to manifest in the various glandular structures of the head and neck, dental professionals and physicians who encounter head and neck pathology must recognize this entity as part of their differential diagnosis when clinically appropriate.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>This project is targeted at clinicians and pathologists who encounter and manage head and neck pathology. Due to the rarity of this tumor class, there are many case reports, but no case series or reviews of this magnitude providing a clear profile of this neoplasm. The value of this article lies in the scope of our data set and the clinicopathologic overview it provides. It will contribute to improved differential diagnoses and, therefore, improved management of this condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000324/pdfft?md5=25a81d3acb99ee4fed373e31ba28577d&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000324-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100142
Gabriela de Alencar Pinto Magalhes, Rafael Rocha Pacheco, Regina Maria Puppi-Rontani
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the P11-4 Self-Assembly Peptide and Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (DMP-1) on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to Caries-Affected Dentin (CAD) after 24h.
METHODS
Dentin slices were sectioned from 48 human third molars, randomly divided into six groups (n = 8): sound dentin [C+]; CAD [C]; CAD with DMP-1 [DMP-1] at 1μg/ml; CAD with P11-4 [P11-4] at 1 μg/ml; CAD with P11-4 [1P11-4] at 1mg/ml; and CAD with a combination of DMP-1 at 1 μg/ml and P11-4 at 0.5 μg/ml [DMP-1/P11-4]. Artificial caries lesions were created on the dentin surfaces of CAD groups (S.mutans, UA159). After selective caries removal, the respective treatments were applied. A 50μL dose of each biomineralization agent was used on the DAC for 5 minutes, and excess removed. Subsequently, 50μL of a supersaturated calcium and phosphate solution was added for 1 minute. The bonding steps followed manufacturer's guidelines (Adper™ Singlebond2, 3M™ Oral Care), and a resin composite layer was added. Specimens were kept in Simulated Body Fluid solution (SBF) for 24 hours at 37ÅãC, simulating pulpal pressure. Sectioned beams (1mm2) were submitted to μTBS test. Group comparisons utilized one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc tests, and Dunnett's test against control groups, with pre-set α = 0.05. Chi-square test was conducted on the failure pattern (CI = 95%).
RESULTS
C+ presented the highest μTBS values (p<0.05). 1P11-4 and the DMP-1/P11-4 exhibited significantly higher μTBS compared to C- (p<0.05). DMP-1 and P11-4 were similar to C- (p<0.05). The experimental groups showed a decrease in premature failure rates and an increase in mixed failure compared to C- (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
1P11-4 and DMP-1/ P11-4 enhanced bond strength to CAD, with 1P11-4 achieving approximately 60% of μ-TBS values of the C+. Biomimetic analogues improved immediate bond strength between adhesive/composite and CAD.
IMPLICATIONS
Minimally Invasive Dentistry advocates for selective caries removal, involving the removal of infected dentin, which is necrotic and unable to remineralize, while preserving the affected dentin at the bottom, which has the potential for remineralization. However, adhesion to affected dentin is often poor. In this study, biomimetic agents were used as a surface treatment to remineralize caries-affected dentin, aiming to improve immediate bond strength.
{"title":"Immediate Effect of Biomimetic Agents on Caries-Affected Dentin Bond Strength","authors":"Gabriela de Alencar Pinto Magalhes, Rafael Rocha Pacheco, Regina Maria Puppi-Rontani","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the P11-4 Self-Assembly Peptide and Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (DMP-1) on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to Caries-Affected Dentin (CAD) after 24h.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Dentin slices were sectioned from 48 human third molars, randomly divided into six groups (n = 8): sound dentin [C+]; CAD [C]; CAD with DMP-1 [DMP-1] at 1μg/ml; CAD with P11-4 [P11-4] at 1 μg/ml; CAD with P11-4 [1P11-4] at 1mg/ml; and CAD with a combination of DMP-1 at 1 μg/ml and P11-4 at 0.5 μg/ml [DMP-1/P11-4]. Artificial caries lesions were created on the dentin surfaces of CAD groups (S.mutans, UA159). After selective caries removal, the respective treatments were applied. A 50μL dose of each biomineralization agent was used on the DAC for 5 minutes, and excess removed. Subsequently, 50μL of a supersaturated calcium and phosphate solution was added for 1 minute. The bonding steps followed manufacturer's guidelines (Adper™ Singlebond2, 3M™ Oral Care), and a resin composite layer was added. Specimens were kept in Simulated Body Fluid solution (SBF) for 24 hours at 37ÅãC, simulating pulpal pressure. Sectioned beams (1mm2) were submitted to μTBS test. Group comparisons utilized one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc tests, and Dunnett's test against control groups, with pre-set α = 0.05. Chi-square test was conducted on the failure pattern (CI = 95%).</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>C+ presented the highest μTBS values (p<0.05). 1P11-4 and the DMP-1/P11-4 exhibited significantly higher μTBS compared to C- (p<0.05). DMP-1 and P11-4 were similar to C- (p<0.05). The experimental groups showed a decrease in premature failure rates and an increase in mixed failure compared to C- (p < 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>1P11-4 and DMP-1/ P11-4 enhanced bond strength to CAD, with 1P11-4 achieving approximately 60% of μ-TBS values of the C+. Biomimetic analogues improved immediate bond strength between adhesive/composite and CAD.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>Minimally Invasive Dentistry advocates for selective caries removal, involving the removal of infected dentin, which is necrotic and unable to remineralize, while preserving the affected dentin at the bottom, which has the potential for remineralization. However, adhesion to affected dentin is often poor. In this study, biomimetic agents were used as a surface treatment to remineralize caries-affected dentin, aiming to improve immediate bond strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000658/pdfft?md5=99ff76b5d287ff05badb5fe66cbe472c&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000658-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100129
Dr. Han S Kim DMD, Thomas Johnson
OBJECTIVES
The American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) annually offers an extensive multiple-choice in-service examination to graduate periodontics programs across North America. The objectives of this study were to assess the influence of learner- and education-related factors on AAP In-service Examination (AIE) performance and determine whether AIE scores predict residency outcomes.
METHODS
AIE scores from 10 periodontics residency classes at a single center were recorded and compared against a panel of learner- and education-related variables using multiple linear regression models. Defined residency outcome measures potentially related to general cognitive ability and knowledge in periodontics and implant dentistry were analyzed against AIE scores using binomial logistic regression.
RESULTS
No evaluated learner- or education-related variable was a statistically significant predictor of AIE score in this study sample. Likewise, AIE score was not a statistically significant predictor of any assessed residency outcome.
CONCLUSIONS
The AAP has performed a tremendous service to periodontics residents and programs by marshaling the leadership and expertise necessary to offer a professionally constructed assessment instrument. However, in the current study sample, no relationship could be identified between AIE score and any outcome, including first-attempt board certification.
IMPLICATIONS
The AAP In-service Committee appears well situated to provide additional leadership focusing on exam implementation, which may enhance AIE value in competency decision making.
{"title":"Predictors of standardized in-service examination performance and residency outcomes in a graduate periodontics program.","authors":"Dr. Han S Kim DMD, Thomas Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>The American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) annually offers an extensive multiple-choice in-service examination to graduate periodontics programs across North America. The objectives of this study were to assess the influence of learner- and education-related factors on AAP In-service Examination (AIE) performance and determine whether AIE scores predict residency outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>AIE scores from 10 periodontics residency classes at a single center were recorded and compared against a panel of learner- and education-related variables using multiple linear regression models. Defined residency outcome measures potentially related to general cognitive ability and knowledge in periodontics and implant dentistry were analyzed against AIE scores using binomial logistic regression.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>No evaluated learner- or education-related variable was a statistically significant predictor of AIE score in this study sample. Likewise, AIE score was not a statistically significant predictor of any assessed residency outcome.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>The AAP has performed a tremendous service to periodontics residents and programs by marshaling the leadership and expertise necessary to offer a professionally constructed assessment instrument. However, in the current study sample, no relationship could be identified between AIE score and any outcome, including first-attempt board certification.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>The AAP In-service Committee appears well situated to provide additional leadership focusing on exam implementation, which may enhance AIE value in competency decision making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277255962400052X/pdfft?md5=46ac73c376e836ba76da5005855e8866&pid=1-s2.0-S277255962400052X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100130
Carsen R. McDaniel
OBJECTIVES
Discuss which factors, if any, lead to increased identification of the intraosseous branch of the posterior superior alveolar artery within the lateral wall of the sinus. Assess the distance from the CEJ of posterior teeth to the intraosseous branch of the posterior super alveolar artery.
METHODS
254 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of maxillary sinuses acquired using two scanners were analyzed for identification of the intraosseous branch (IoBr) of the posterior superior alveolar artery. The distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and IoBr was recorded at each maxillary posterior tooth position. Binomial logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate the effects of scanner type, CBCT parameters, sex, and age on IoBr detection and CEJ-IoBr distance, respectively. P-values < 0.05 were used to determine significance.
RESULTS
Mean CEJ-IoBr distances at second molar, first molar, second premolar, and first premolar positions were 17.0 ± 4.0 mm, 21.8 ± 4.1 mm, 19.5 ± 4.7 mm, and 19.9 ± 4.9 mm (scanner 1) and 17.3 ± 3.5, 16.9 ± 4.3, 18.5 ± 4.1, and 18.4 ± 4.3 (scanner 2). The independent variables had no statistically significant effect on IoBr detection. Tooth position (b = -0.67, P < .001) and scanner type (b = -1.3, P = 0.001) were statistically significant predictors of CEJ-IoBr distance.
CONCLUSIONS
Estimations of CEJ-IoBr distance using CBCT appear comparable with previous cadaver, CT and CBCT based studies. CBCT scanner type may have a minor influence on this parameter. None of the independent variables had a significant effect on IoBr detection.
IMPLICATIONS
Through this project, we determined that increasing resolution of CBCT imaging in order to increase identification of the intraosseous branch is not indicated. Furthermore, we determined that a given CBCT imaging system and tooth position may have a significant impact of the distance from the cementoenamel junction of posterior teeth to the inferior border of the intraosseous branch of the posterior superior alveolar artery.
{"title":"Intraosseous posterior superior alveolar artery distribution relative to maxillary teeth","authors":"Carsen R. McDaniel","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>Discuss which factors, if any, lead to increased identification of the intraosseous branch of the posterior superior alveolar artery within the lateral wall of the sinus. Assess the distance from the CEJ of posterior teeth to the intraosseous branch of the posterior super alveolar artery.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>254 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of maxillary sinuses acquired using two scanners were analyzed for identification of the intraosseous branch (IoBr) of the posterior superior alveolar artery. The distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and IoBr was recorded at each maxillary posterior tooth position. Binomial logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate the effects of scanner type, CBCT parameters, sex, and age on IoBr detection and CEJ-IoBr distance, respectively. P-values < 0.05 were used to determine significance.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>Mean CEJ-IoBr distances at second molar, first molar, second premolar, and first premolar positions were 17.0 ± 4.0 mm, 21.8 ± 4.1 mm, 19.5 ± 4.7 mm, and 19.9 ± 4.9 mm (scanner 1) and 17.3 ± 3.5, 16.9 ± 4.3, 18.5 ± 4.1, and 18.4 ± 4.3 (scanner 2). The independent variables had no statistically significant effect on IoBr detection. Tooth position (b = -0.67, P < .001) and scanner type (b = -1.3, P = 0.001) were statistically significant predictors of CEJ-IoBr distance.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Estimations of CEJ-IoBr distance using CBCT appear comparable with previous cadaver, CT and CBCT based studies. CBCT scanner type may have a minor influence on this parameter. None of the independent variables had a significant effect on IoBr detection.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>Through this project, we determined that increasing resolution of CBCT imaging in order to increase identification of the intraosseous branch is not indicated. Furthermore, we determined that a given CBCT imaging system and tooth position may have a significant impact of the distance from the cementoenamel junction of posterior teeth to the inferior border of the intraosseous branch of the posterior superior alveolar artery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000531/pdfft?md5=0e1b818acab3be3b10acf0cb791a410a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000531-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100133
Katie Senkiw DMD, MAJ, DC
OBJECTIVES
Zirconia has become a restorative material of choice on implant supported restorations due to its ability to obscure discoloration of metal abutments. This project observed if anodization of a titanium abutment minimizes the effect on the final restoration shade and if yttria content is correlated with the stability of the resultant shade.
METHODS
Six titanium abutments were milled based on a specific design and annodized at variable voltages: unanodized, 11V (bronze), 31V (blue), 54V (green), 64V (yellow), and 76V (pink). Sixty A2 monolithic zirconia crowns of 3Y, 4Y, and 5Y (Dentsply Sirona Cercon HT, IPS ZirCad MT, and Dentsply Sirona Cercon XT) were designed with 1mm measured uniform thickness over the titanium abutment. Spectrophotometer measurements were obtained on a control sample, and again over each abutment color. The ΔE00 was calculated for each sample for each abutment color/voltage.
RESULTS
One way ANOVA for each sample set of 3Y, 4Y, and 5y zirconia materials found a highly significant (p<.0001) difference between different anodized abutments. For all samples, blue showed the highest mean ΔE00 values which were significantly higher than all five groups (P<.0001). The lowest mean ΔE00 for 3Y samples was unanodized titanium (p<.05). The lowest ΔE00 for 4Y and 5Y samples was yellow (p<.05). No pairwise comparisons were significant (p>/=.26). A two-way ANOVA found no significant difference amongst type of material (p=.048).
CONCLUSIONS
Significant differences in shade were found utilizing varying voltages of anodized custom abutments. The yttria content of the zirconia had no overall effect on shade when placed over varying voltages of anodized custom abutments.
IMPLICATIONS
This study provides information on whether anodized titanium custom abutments under monolithic zirconia restorations influence the overall shade. This study provides recommendations regarding material choices and how different yttria content or translucencies of zirconia can alter the esthetic outcome of a final restoration.
{"title":"Shade Outcome of 3Y, 4Y, 5Y Monolithic Zirconia on Colored Annodized Titanium","authors":"Katie Senkiw DMD, MAJ, DC","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>Zirconia has become a restorative material of choice on implant supported restorations due to its ability to obscure discoloration of metal abutments. This project observed if anodization of a titanium abutment minimizes the effect on the final restoration shade and if yttria content is correlated with the stability of the resultant shade.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Six titanium abutments were milled based on a specific design and annodized at variable voltages: unanodized, 11V (bronze), 31V (blue), 54V (green), 64V (yellow), and 76V (pink). Sixty A2 monolithic zirconia crowns of 3Y, 4Y, and 5Y (Dentsply Sirona Cercon HT, IPS ZirCad MT, and Dentsply Sirona Cercon XT) were designed with 1mm measured uniform thickness over the titanium abutment. Spectrophotometer measurements were obtained on a control sample, and again over each abutment color. The ΔE00 was calculated for each sample for each abutment color/voltage.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>One way ANOVA for each sample set of 3Y, 4Y, and 5y zirconia materials found a highly significant (p<.0001) difference between different anodized abutments. For all samples, blue showed the highest mean ΔE00 values which were significantly higher than all five groups (P<.0001). The lowest mean ΔE00 for 3Y samples was unanodized titanium (p<.05). The lowest ΔE00 for 4Y and 5Y samples was yellow (p<.05). No pairwise comparisons were significant (p>/=.26). A two-way ANOVA found no significant difference amongst type of material (p=.048).</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Significant differences in shade were found utilizing varying voltages of anodized custom abutments. The yttria content of the zirconia had no overall effect on shade when placed over varying voltages of anodized custom abutments.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>This study provides information on whether anodized titanium custom abutments under monolithic zirconia restorations influence the overall shade. This study provides recommendations regarding material choices and how different yttria content or translucencies of zirconia can alter the esthetic outcome of a final restoration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000567/pdfft?md5=91f29f2eaef9f349c08b735017c9e35e&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000567-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100127
Chelsea Harris DMD
OBJECTIVES
Expansion of three-dimensional (3-D) printing technology and improvements in planning software have led to increased accuracy and precision in dental implant positioning and new applications for surgical templates in implantology. The objective of this report is to demonstrate the application of in-practice CAD/CAM surgical templates in various dental implant surgeries and site development procedures.
METHODS
Patients in this report were referred to the Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Postgraduate Dental College, Fort Eisenhower, Georgia, for replacement of missing or hopeless teeth using dental implants. All surgeries were planned virtually and completed using customized surgical templates printed within the facility. The presented cases demonstrate creative application of 3-D printing to simplify surgery across a wide spectrum of clinical scenarios—placement of multiple adjacent implants, immediate implant placement, immediate provisionalization, sinus elevation in dentate and edentulous patients, alveoloplasty to increase interarch distance, and removal of a retained root fragment in conjunction with implant surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
Specialized surgical templates can be designed with varying degrees of restriction for surgeons performing implant-related surgeries. These guides have the potential to reduce the duration of surgery, limit patient morbidity, enhance communication among clinicians, and simplify the restorative phase of therapy.
IMPLICATIONS
Accessibility to new technology has allowed implant surgeons to move beyond the era of accurate implant placement into a period characterized by creative solutions to clinical problems. Routine use of in-practice CAD/CAM technology may improve clinical and patient-reported outcomes in implantology. Further advancements may be just around the corner as artificial intelligence is integrated into medicine and dentistry.
{"title":"Advancements in surgical templates in dental implantology","authors":"Chelsea Harris DMD","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>Expansion of three-dimensional (3-D) printing technology and improvements in planning software have led to increased accuracy and precision in dental implant positioning and new applications for surgical templates in implantology. The objective of this report is to demonstrate the application of in-practice CAD/CAM surgical templates in various dental implant surgeries and site development procedures.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Patients in this report were referred to the Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Postgraduate Dental College, Fort Eisenhower, Georgia, for replacement of missing or hopeless teeth using dental implants. All surgeries were planned virtually and completed using customized surgical templates printed within the facility. The presented cases demonstrate creative application of 3-D printing to simplify surgery across a wide spectrum of clinical scenarios—placement of multiple adjacent implants, immediate implant placement, immediate provisionalization, sinus elevation in dentate and edentulous patients, alveoloplasty to increase interarch distance, and removal of a retained root fragment in conjunction with implant surgery.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Specialized surgical templates can be designed with varying degrees of restriction for surgeons performing implant-related surgeries. These guides have the potential to reduce the duration of surgery, limit patient morbidity, enhance communication among clinicians, and simplify the restorative phase of therapy.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>Accessibility to new technology has allowed implant surgeons to move beyond the era of accurate implant placement into a period characterized by creative solutions to clinical problems. Routine use of in-practice CAD/CAM technology may improve clinical and patient-reported outcomes in implantology. Further advancements may be just around the corner as artificial intelligence is integrated into medicine and dentistry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000506/pdfft?md5=12ea080bb26cd3097c93737a85b5c5c1&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000506-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100131
Ben Ottoson
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this report is to demonstrate use of technology to minimize treatment time, maximize the dental readiness of military units, and potentially prevent dental emergencies among deployed military personnel.
METHODS
Two cases are presented. The first case demonstrates placement of two immediate implants with immediate delivery of definitive implant-supported crowns. The second case demonstrates delivery of a milled crown at the time of crown lengthening surgery.
RESULTS
In both cases, the patients tolerated the procedures well. Use of technology shortened treatment time and hastened return to health (no treatment needs). Favorable clinical results were achieved.
CONCLUSIONS
Educators in military Graduate Dental Education programs are uniquely positioned to critically evaluate, selectively implement, and distribute new technologies while producing tech-literate clinicians capable of leveraging technology toward military advantage.
IMPLICATIONS
Emerging and maturing technologies involving artificial intelligence, cloud-based information sharing, optical scanning, and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing offer promising applications in military healthcare. Rationally selecting the “right” technologies in a measured and coordinated fashion will optimize use of modernization resources. Incremental advances that support readiness, wellness, and patient safety now will position military dentistry to meet the projected challenges in the future operating environment.
{"title":"Technology, Graduate Dental Education, and Military Readiness","authors":"Ben Ottoson","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>The purpose of this report is to demonstrate use of technology to minimize treatment time, maximize the dental readiness of military units, and potentially prevent dental emergencies among deployed military personnel.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Two cases are presented. The first case demonstrates placement of two immediate implants with immediate delivery of definitive implant-supported crowns. The second case demonstrates delivery of a milled crown at the time of crown lengthening surgery.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>In both cases, the patients tolerated the procedures well. Use of technology shortened treatment time and hastened return to health (no treatment needs). Favorable clinical results were achieved.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Educators in military Graduate Dental Education programs are uniquely positioned to critically evaluate, selectively implement, and distribute new technologies while producing tech-literate clinicians capable of leveraging technology toward military advantage.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>Emerging and maturing technologies involving artificial intelligence, cloud-based information sharing, optical scanning, and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing offer promising applications in military healthcare. Rationally selecting the “right” technologies in a measured and coordinated fashion will optimize use of modernization resources. Incremental advances that support readiness, wellness, and patient safety now will position military dentistry to meet the projected challenges in the future operating environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000543/pdfft?md5=0c3f198bb9b8dac82b1990d02cb29370&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000543-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100135
Elizabeth Floodeen DDS, Marshall Newman DMD
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this case report is to outline a unique case of a 24-year-old male with difficult to control seizures and bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis including pre-operative workup, the perioperative medical and surgical management, and post-operative course.
METHODS
This patient has been followed by the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for eight years and eventually developed bilateral TMJ ankylosis, for which bilateral custom joint replacement was recommended. Patient optimization for surgery required a multi-disciplinary approach in conjunction with neurology, anesthesiology, and the ICU/critical care teams.
RESULTS
This patient was able to successfully undergo surgery, consisting of bilateral custom TMJ replacement. This case offered a challenge in both peri-operative anti-epileptic management for seizure control as well as airway management with the use of an awake nasal fiberoptic intubation then converted to a tracheostomy.
CONCLUSIONS
Bilateral TMJ ankylosis is a rare and often difficult to manage condition. This report provides a unique case of a patient with difficult-to-control seizures and bilateral TMJ ankylosis as well as a discussion of management strategies and recommendations.
IMPLICATIONS
There is currently very literature in the OMS field of management recommendations for bilateral TMJ ankylosis and none in patients with a history of epilepsy or seizures. This report will offer the management strategies of these authors.
{"title":"Bilateral TMJ Ankylosis in a 24-year-old Male with Epilepsy","authors":"Elizabeth Floodeen DDS, Marshall Newman DMD","doi":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dentre.2024.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVES</h3><p>The purpose of this case report is to outline a unique case of a 24-year-old male with difficult to control seizures and bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis including pre-operative workup, the perioperative medical and surgical management, and post-operative course.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>This patient has been followed by the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for eight years and eventually developed bilateral TMJ ankylosis, for which bilateral custom joint replacement was recommended. Patient optimization for surgery required a multi-disciplinary approach in conjunction with neurology, anesthesiology, and the ICU/critical care teams.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><p>This patient was able to successfully undergo surgery, consisting of bilateral custom TMJ replacement. This case offered a challenge in both peri-operative anti-epileptic management for seizure control as well as airway management with the use of an awake nasal fiberoptic intubation then converted to a tracheostomy.</p></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Bilateral TMJ ankylosis is a rare and often difficult to manage condition. This report provides a unique case of a patient with difficult-to-control seizures and bilateral TMJ ankylosis as well as a discussion of management strategies and recommendations.</p></div><div><h3>IMPLICATIONS</h3><p>There is currently very literature in the OMS field of management recommendations for bilateral TMJ ankylosis and none in patients with a history of epilepsy or seizures. This report will offer the management strategies of these authors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100364,"journal":{"name":"Dentistry Review","volume":"4 3","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772559624000580/pdfft?md5=b8c551a07b6467dea721cebe80e66a06&pid=1-s2.0-S2772559624000580-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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