Dermatological Reviews最新文献

Background

Teledermatology offers a transformative approach to delivering dermatologic care in rural areas where access to specialists is limited. This modality shows particular promise for managing rare skin conditions in underserved populations.

Objectives

To evaluate effective teledermatology strategies for rural healthcare delivery, with a focus on diagnostic accuracy, patient access, and the management of rare dermatologic diseases.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search of PubMed was conducted from January 1995 through December 2024, identifying 49 studies that addressed teledermatology in rural populations, including outcomes related to care delivery models, diagnostic efficacy, and case reports involving rare conditions.

Results

Store-and-forward, synchronous, and hybrid teledermatology models all demonstrated high efficacy in improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing in-person referrals. Store-and-forward platforms, in particular, facilitated successful diagnoses of rare conditions such as morphea when supported by primary care provider (PCP) training in clinical photography and history-taking. Barriers included limited broadband connectivity, interstate licensure restrictions, and increased provider workload. Enhancements such as smartphone-compatible platforms, instructional videos for patients, and targeted PCP training improved usability and access in low-resource settings. Emerging tools, including AI-based mobile applications like MoleMapper, show promise in triage and self-monitoring applications. However, data on the effectiveness of teledermatology for rare skin conditions remain sparse.

Conclusions

Teledermatology is a scalable and cost-effective solution for addressing dermatologic disparities in rural communities. To fully realize its potential-especially for rare disease management-further research, policy reforms around licensure and reimbursement, and expanded provider and patient education are essential.

Introduction

Atopic dermatitis (AD) significantly impairs quality of life (QoL) in children but evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with unique health care challenges and cultural context, is sparse. A scoping review is necessary to identify research gaps and guide policy.

Methods

Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we reviewed studies from 2010 to 2025 on children (0–18 years) with AD in SSA, searching MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO, ProQuest, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, and regional reports. Included studies assessed design, sociodemographic factors, AD severity, and QoL outcomes. A biopsychological model and narrative synthesis were used.

Results

Six studies (five cross-sectional, one RCT) from Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria, South Africa, and Madagascar involved 53–381 urban hospital-based participants. These highlight SSA-specific challenges, including high non-mild AD prevalence (up to 61.3% moderate, 24.2% severe) versus global trends (<15% severe), driven by socioeconomic constraints and cultural stigma. Moderate to severe QoL impairment was linked to pruritus, sleep disruption, and emotional distress, correlating with disease severity (SCORAD) and younger age ( < 1 year). MMAT appraisal showed urban sampling bias, unclear Nonresponse bias, variable diagnostic criteria, and globally validated but locally unvalidated QoL tools, limiting generalisability and cultural relevance. Socioeconomic status and comorbidities (e.g., asthma) were underreported but likely exacerbate QoL burden.

Conclusion

AD significantly impacts pediatric QoL in SSA, intensified by poverty and stigma. The limited representation of five countries underscores the urgent need for rural, community-based studies using validated, context-specific QoL tools to capture SSA's diverse populations and inform equitable dermatological care and policy.

Background

Threads have been an integral part of aesthetic medicine for years, offering a minimally invasive solution to lift, tighten, and rejuvenate the skin. Their popularity continues to grow as technology advances, providing more options for patients seeking natural, yet noticeable, results.

Methods

This review will begin by exploring the fundamentals of threads: what they are, how they work, and why they have become a valuable tool in aesthetic medicine. We will examine the different types of threads available in the market, comparing their unique features, materials, and mechanisms of action.

Results

FDA-cleared indications for threads will be discussed, highlighting their safety, efficacy, and the procedural nuances that contribute to optimal outcomes. A discussion on the various types of threads will focus on their specific applications and benefits for both patients and practitioners.

Several photographic examples from clinical patients who provided consent to do so will be provided. Since this was not a study but rather a review of the literature no approval was needed by a local ethics board.

Conclusion

This review will also explore the future of threads in aesthetic medicine, from innovations in thread technology to expanding indications and techniques.

Background

Dermatology and visual arts, though seemingly distinct, share a foundational reliance on acute visual perception.

Aim

This study explores the multifaceted relationships between dermatology and visual arts by examining their historical connections, mutual influences in visual literacy and diagnostics, and collaborative potentials in medical education and public health awareness. It aims to investigate how artistic training can enhance dermatological observation and how visual art reduces the stigma surrounding skin diseases.

Methods

A qualitative and interdisciplinary approach was employed, including a historical analysis of dermatologic illustrations and artworks, a thematic analysis of visual representations of skin, and a review of modern technological interventions such as AI-enhanced imaging and VR simulations. Comparisons were made between classical medical illustrations and contemporary visual depictions of skin disease in art.

Results

The study revealed a profound convergence between dermatology and visual arts in representing, interpreting, and normalizing the skin. Visual literacy drawn from art can enhance diagnostic accuracy, and artistic renderings of dermatological conditions promote empathy and de-stigmatization. Innovations like AI and 3D modeling are bridging medical accuracy with esthetic visualization in education and practice.

Conclusion

The intersection of dermatology and visual arts enriches both clinical practice and artistic discourse. Visual methodologies enhance diagnostic and educational outcomes in dermatology, while artistic interpretations of the skin humanize medical conditions and advocate inclusivity.

Background

Cosmetic product labels are a key communication tool between the cosmetic industry, consumers, and healthcare professionals. However, the clarity, consistency, and scientific basis of product claims remain under debate.

Objective

This study aimed to map and critically analyze the claims on labels of antiaging, facial care, body care, and sun protection products recommended by dermatologists, evaluating their scientific foundation and potential influence on consumer perception.

Methods

An exploratory study was conducted based on 110 products from 13 leading cosmetic brands available in the Brazilian market. Data were collected between 2021 and 2022 from both primary and secondary packaging. Claims were categorized into five criteria: raw material origin (e.g., natural), galenic formulation, safety, efficacy, and absence of specific ingredients (e.g., alcohol, preservatives, mineral oils). Claims were examined using recognized methodologies for claim substantiation and relevant regulatory frameworks.

Results

While many claims align with scientific methods and regulations, several terms remain vague or lack contextualization. Phrases such as “natural origin,” “safe,” or “clinically tested” were often inconsistent and presented without clear methodological references. This lack of standardization may hinder consumer interpretation and limit healthcare professionals’ ability to assess product relevance.

Conclusion

The study underscores the need for clearer, standardized language in cosmetic claims. Transparent, scientifically grounded communication can support informed consumer decisions and enable healthcare professionals to make more evidence-based product recommendations.

Background

Radiation dermatitis (RD) is a universal side effect of radiation therapy (RT), with management strategies differing depending on the type of cancer being treated. This review highlights the pathogenesis and management of RD following treatment of internal malignancies versus non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) treated with superficial RT (SRT).

Methods

A literature search was conducted using PubMed, in addition to the authors' clinical experience with RD.

Results

In patients receiving RT, RD is a concerning side effect during and following treatment of internal malignancies, yet a necessary factor in the treatment of NMSC. RD is characterized by barrier dysfunction, cellular necrosis, and inflammation. In RT for internal malignancies, many strategies may be employed to preserve skin barrier integrity. In contrast, for NMSC, the occurrence of RD is integral to the therapeutic outcome of SRT, thus interventions must be used selectively or postponed. In this setting, low-grade RD is expected and even needed; the goal should be to prevent the progression to more severe RD optimizing the therapeutic index. A ceramide-dominant triple-lipid barrier formulation (EC) has shown promise in both contexts in the management of RD through the restoration of the epidermal barrier.

Conclusions

In internal malignancies, maintaining skin integrity is critical to decrease morbidity and prevent RT interruption. When treating NMSC, a more cautious approach is favored, with RD management using breaks in RT and ultimately topical therapy deferred until after RT. Nonetheless, EC may offer a safe and effective strategy in restoring the epidermal barrier in both contexts.

Objective

While existing literature focuses on treating warts in immunocompetent persons, there is a lack of comprehensive recommendations for managing cutaneous warts in immunocompromised (ID) patients. The review aimed to appraise the most effective and safe treatment for cutaneous warts in ID patients.

Materials and Methods

The systematic review followed (PRISMA) guidelines. The PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were employed to search for papers published between January 2015 and May 2024.

Results

Two hundred twenty-five studies were found, however this study included 16 studies. Among the reviewed studies, there was one RCT, 11 case reports, and four case series/retrospective cohort studies. Despite the precise pathway of action of various antigens is undetermined, immunotherapies offer a secure and economically feasible method of treating warts. Other frequently employed therapies include cryotherapy and salicylic acid and are generally effective for the management of warts at the area of interest. The majority of the studies analyzed had low RoB when assessed using the ROBINS-E approach.

Conclusion

This review summarised the available literature on the application of immunotherapies for managing resistant warts. It revealed that immunotherapy is a viable treatment for ID people who have not responded to previous medications.

Importance

The periocular area is crucial for facial aesthetics and communication, significantly impacting perceptions of youth and vitality. Understanding its aging mechanisms and refining intervention strategies are essential for optimal outcomes. This review integrates clinical insights from multidisciplinary practice to address gaps in personalized decision-making.

Observations

Contemporary literature and clinical experience identify key periocular aging factors, including sequenced fat compartment deflation, bony resorption, and skin quality decline. Novel findings include a structured algorithm for injectable sequencing, emphasizing deep medial cheek volumization before tear trough correction to mitigate complications. Clinical pearls highlight hybrid techniques (e.g., microdroplet botulinum toxin with HA fillers) for dynamic wrinkles. While hyaluronic acid fillers remain central, case examples demonstrate synergistic outcomes when combined with surgical referrals (e.g., ptosis repair). Emerging ultrasound-guided approaches enhance precision in high-risk zones.

Conclusions and Relevance

Periocular rejuvenation demands a holistic, individualized strategy. The proposed algorithm, supported by complication management protocols and a surgery-injectables decision framework, optimizes outcomes. Clinicians must balance volume restoration with anatomical stability, leveraging multidisciplinary insights to address both aesthetic and functional decline.