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Introduction Dermatological Reviews Cosmeceuticals II 皮肤病学评论药妆2
Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70029
Michael H. Gold
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引用次数: 0
Editor in Chief's Introduction: New Concepts in Laser Hair Removal 总编辑简介:激光脱毛的新概念
Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70025
Michael H. Gold
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Keratinocytes in Skin Health and Disease 角质形成细胞在皮肤健康和疾病中的作用
Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70028
Mohammed Saleh Al-Dhubaibi, Ghada Farouk Mohammed, Saleh Salem Bahaj, Ahmed Ibrahim AbdElneam, Ahmed Mohammed Al-Dhubaibi, Lina Mohammed Atef

Aim

This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of keratinocytes, the predominant cell type in the epidermis, by examining their structural, functional, and regulatory roles in skin biology. The study explores the intricate processes of keratinocyte differentiation, proliferation, and immune interactions, emphasizing their essential contributions to skin homeostasis, wound healing, and barrier integrity. Additionally, it investigates the involvement of keratinocytes in dermatological disorders such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and skin cancer, highlighting their pathological alterations and molecular mechanisms.

Methods

This review covers a broad range of studies, including in vitro and in vivo research on keratinocyte biology, their interactions with growth factors, and their contributions to inflammatory responses in the skin. It also discusses therapeutic advancements such as biologics and gene therapy that focus on restoring keratinocyte function in skin diseases.

Results

The review highlights that keratinocytes play a pivotal role in skin inflammation and the regulation of growth factors that promote wound healing and skin regeneration. Dysregulation of keratinocyte function is linked to several skin diseases, emphasizing the need for targeted therapeutic approaches. Recent advancements in treatments, such as gene therapy and biologics, offer promising outcomes for managing conditions driven by keratinocyte dysfunction.

Conclusion

The primary aim of this review is to provide an in-depth overview of the functions of keratinocytes, particularly their roles in skin health, inflammation, and disease development. The review also aims to highlight the latest therapeutic strategies targeting keratinocytes for the treatment of skin diseases.

目的 本研究旨在通过研究角质形成细胞在皮肤生物学中的结构、功能和调控作用,全面分析角质形成细胞这一表皮中的主要细胞类型。研究探讨了角质形成细胞分化、增殖和免疫相互作用的复杂过程,强调了它们对皮肤稳态、伤口愈合和屏障完整性的重要贡献。此外,该研究还探讨了角质形成细胞在银屑病、特应性皮炎和皮肤癌等皮肤病中的参与,强调了它们的病理改变和分子机制。 方法 本综述涵盖了广泛的研究,包括有关角质形成细胞生物学、其与生长因子的相互作用及其对皮肤炎症反应的贡献的体外和体内研究。综述还讨论了治疗方面的进展,如生物制剂和基因疗法,其重点是恢复皮肤病中角质形成细胞的功能。 结果 该综述强调,角质形成细胞在皮肤炎症和调节促进伤口愈合和皮肤再生的生长因子方面起着关键作用。角质形成细胞功能失调与多种皮肤病有关,因此需要有针对性的治疗方法。基因疗法和生物制剂等治疗方法的最新进展为控制角质形成细胞功能失调引起的疾病提供了可喜的成果。 结论 本综述的主要目的是深入概述角质形成细胞的功能,特别是它们在皮肤健康、炎症和疾病发展中的作用。本综述还旨在重点介绍针对角质形成细胞治疗皮肤疾病的最新治疗策略。
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引用次数: 0
Improvement in Atopic Dermatitis Using a Novel Topical 2% Cannabidiol (CBD) Application 使用新型 2% 大麻二酚 (CBD) 外用药改善特应性皮炎症状
Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70024
Sarah Hakim, Sanjeev Goel, John Papastergiou, David J. Goldberg

Background

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by Th2-type inflammation, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Patients often experience dryness, severe itching, and skin lesions, necessitating interventions to manage discomfort and flare-ups. Common treatments, such as topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, are effective but have adverse effects, making them unsuitable for long-term use. Consequently, there is an ongoing effort to find sustainable and safe alternative treatments. Recently, cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive compound derived from the Cannabis sativa plant, has gained attention in dermatology for its anti-inflammatory properties.

Methods

This pilot study utilized a 4-week open-label observational prospective cohort design to evaluate the effects of a 2% CBD cream-based topical application in patients (n = 19) with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Participants were given the topical CBD product to apply daily to affected areas and were examined at baseline, week 1, week 2, week 4, and week 8. Primary outcomes measured included the appearance of eczema lesions and patient satisfaction with the treatment.

Results

Participants reported improvements in skin hydration, comfort, inflammation relief, and overall skin appearance. Various objective evaluations and clinical photography were consistent with patient reported improvement.

Conclusions

These results support the potential of CBD as a sustainable and effective treatment option for mild to moderate atopic dermatitis.

特应性皮炎(AD)是一种常见的慢性炎症性皮肤病,以th2型炎症为特征,严重影响患者的生活质量。患者经常经历干燥、严重瘙痒和皮肤损伤,需要干预措施来控制不适和突然发作。常见的治疗方法,如局部皮质类固醇和钙调磷酸酶抑制剂,是有效的,但有副作用,使他们不适合长期使用。因此,人们正在努力寻找可持续和安全的替代治疗方法。近年来,大麻二酚(CBD),一种从大麻植物中提取的非精神活性化合物,因其抗炎特性而受到皮肤病学的关注。方法:本试验采用为期4周的开放标签观察性前瞻性队列设计,评估2% CBD乳膏局部应用于中重度特应性皮炎患者(n = 19)的效果。参与者被给予局部CBD产品,每天应用于受影响的区域,并在基线,第1周,第2周,第4周和第8周进行检查。测量的主要结果包括湿疹病变的外观和患者对治疗的满意度。结果:参与者报告了皮肤水合作用、舒适度、炎症缓解和整体皮肤外观的改善。各种客观评价和临床摄影与患者报告的改善一致。结论:这些结果支持CBD作为轻度至中度特应性皮炎持续有效的治疗选择的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Guest Editor's Introduction: New Technologies in Dermatology: Bridging Gaps and Exploring New Frontiers 客座编辑介绍:皮肤病学的新技术:弥合差距和探索新领域
Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70027
Mohamad Goldust

In recent years, the field of dermatology has undergone transformative changes driven by rapid technological advancements. This special issue, titled “New Technologies in Dermatology: Bridging Gaps and Exploring New Frontiers,” reflects the innovative spirit that is redefining clinical practice, research, and education in our specialty. As the guest editor, I am pleased to present a collection of articles that highlight cutting-edge tools and techniques while also exploring their significant implications for patient care and disease management.

The integration of digital imaging, artificial intelligence, teledermatology, and personalized medicine into everyday practice has created huge opportunities for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating skin conditions with greater accuracy and efficiency. Within these pages, you will find contributions from leading experts who examine the technological advances that are bridging longstanding gaps between traditional methodologies and emerging digital solutions. Their insights shed light on how these innovations are addressing challenges such as access to specialized care, early detection of skin cancers, and the management of chronic dermatological disorders.

Furthermore, this issue emphasizes the collaborative nature of modern dermatology. By bringing together perspectives from clinicians, researchers, and technology developers, we highlight a future in which interdisciplinary cooperation drives further breakthroughs. The discussions contained in this issue not only outline the current landscape of technological applications in dermatology but also open the doors for future explorations into uncharted territories.

I invite you to explore the diverse array of articles, and reviews that comprise this issue. Together, they illustrate the dynamic interplay between technology and dermatology, one that holds the promise of improved patient outcomes and a more connected, innovative approach to skin health.

近年来,在快速技术进步的推动下,皮肤病学领域发生了翻天覆地的变化。本期特刊题为“皮肤病学新技术:弥合差距和探索新领域”,反映了重新定义我们专业临床实践、研究和教育的创新精神。作为客座编辑,我很高兴地介绍一系列文章,这些文章突出了尖端的工具和技术,同时也探索了它们对患者护理和疾病管理的重要影响。将数字成像、人工智能、远程皮肤科和个性化医疗融入日常实践,为更准确、更高效地诊断、监测和治疗皮肤状况创造了巨大的机会。在这些页面中,您将发现来自领先专家的贡献,他们研究了弥合传统方法与新兴数字解决方案之间长期差距的技术进步。他们的见解揭示了这些创新如何解决诸如获得专业护理、皮肤癌早期发现和慢性皮肤病管理等挑战。此外,这个问题强调了现代皮肤病学的合作性质。通过汇集临床医生、研究人员和技术开发人员的观点,我们强调了跨学科合作推动进一步突破的未来。本期所载的讨论不仅概述了皮肤科技术应用的现状,而且为未来探索未知领域打开了大门。我邀请您探索组成本期的各种各样的文章和评论。总之,它们说明了技术与皮肤病学之间的动态相互作用,这种相互作用有望改善患者的治疗效果,并为皮肤健康提供更紧密联系、更创新的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Botulinum Toxin-Induced Nodules: A Review and Report of Five New Cases 肉毒杆菌毒素诱发的结节:五例新病例的回顾与报告
Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70023
Joe Khodeir, Paul Ohanian, Maya Habre, Jennifer Akl, Hala Abi Rached Megarbane, Alfred Ammoury

Background

Botulinum toxin, commonly used for cosmetic and therapeutic purposes, is generally safe. However, rare complications, such as nodular granuloma formation at injection sites, can arise, leading to significant distress for affected patients.

Objective

To analyze the clinical presentation, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of botulinum toxin-induced nodules, consolidating existing knowledge and introducing five new cases from our practice.

Methods

A systematic review of the literature was conducted, identifying reported cases of nodules following botulinum toxin injections. Data from 23 cases, including 5 new cases, were analyzed to identify common patterns. A stepwise algorithmic approach for diagnosis and management was proposed.

Results

Nodules developed weeks to months postinjection. Histopathology revealed granulomatous inflammation, confirming the diagnosis. Etiologies included infectious causes (e.g., nontuberculous mycobacteria) and noninfectious causes (e.g., foreign body reactions and sarcoidal granulomas). Management strategies varied based on etiology, ranging from conservative approaches to systemic immunosuppressants or antimicrobial therapy.

Conclusion

Botulinum toxin-induced nodules, though rare, represent a significant complication. Preventive measures, such as aseptic techniques and thorough patient screening, are crucial. Our findings underscore the importance of cause-directed treatments and propose an algorithmic approach to enhance diagnosis and management.

肉毒杆菌毒素通常用于美容和治疗目的,通常是安全的。然而,罕见的并发症,如在注射部位形成结节性肉芽肿,可能会导致患者严重痛苦。目的分析肉毒杆菌毒素致结节的临床表现、发病机制、诊断及治疗,巩固已有知识,并介绍5例新病例。方法对文献进行系统回顾,确定注射肉毒杆菌毒素后结节的报告病例。分析了23例病例(包括5例新病例)的数据,以确定共同模式。提出了一种逐步诊断和管理的算法。结果注射后数周至数月出现结节。组织病理学显示肉芽肿性炎症,证实了诊断。病因包括感染性原因(如非结核分枝杆菌)和非感染性原因(如异物反应和结节样肉芽肿)。治疗策略因病因而异,从保守方法到全身免疫抑制剂或抗菌治疗。结论肉毒杆菌毒素引起的结节虽然罕见,但却是一种重要的并发症。预防措施,如无菌技术和彻底的病人筛查,是至关重要的。我们的研究结果强调了病因导向治疗的重要性,并提出了一种算法方法来提高诊断和管理。
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引用次数: 0
Editor in Chief's Introduction: New Technologies in Dermatology: Bridging Gaps and Exploring New Frontiers 主编简介:皮肤病学新技术:弥合差距和探索新领域
Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70026
Michael H. Gold
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引用次数: 0
Gender Disparities in Melanoma: Advances in Diagnosis, Treatment, and the Role of Artificial Intelligence 黑色素瘤的性别差异:诊断、治疗和人工智能的作用
Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70022
Diala Ra'Ed Kamal Kakish, Jehad Feras Alsamhori, Lana N. Qaqish, Layan Aburumman, Razan Sarsur, Asham Al Salkhadi, Zbeida Bassam Nassif, Mustafa Ahmed Akmal, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan

Background

Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, demonstrates significant gender disparities, with men facing later-stage diagnoses, more aggressive tumor characteristics, and worse survival rates. This review examines the biological, behavioral, and environmental factors driving these disparities, alongside recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, it explores how artificial intelligence (AI) can address gender-specific differences in melanoma incidence and outcomes.

Results

Gender disparities in melanoma stem from biological factors, such as hormonal and genetic differences, and behavioral patterns like delayed health-seeking among men. AI-driven diagnostic tools, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), show promise but often reflect biases in training data sets, underrepresenting darker skin tones and gender-specific patterns. Ensuring diverse data sets, integrating “super-prompts” or region-specific demographic prompts, and utilizing bias-aware algorithms can help mitigate these biases, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and equity.

Conclusion

Reducing gender disparities in melanoma requires integrating innovative technologies with equitable healthcare policies and education. Early detection using inclusive AI models tailored to diverse skin tones and genders, alongside targeted therapeutic strategies, is critical to improving outcomes for high-risk groups, particularly men and underserved populations.

黑色素瘤是一种高度侵袭性的皮肤癌,性别差异显著,男性面临晚期诊断,肿瘤特征更具侵袭性,生存率更差。这篇综述探讨了导致这些差异的生物、行为和环境因素,以及最近在诊断和治疗方面的进展。此外,它还探讨了人工智能(AI)如何解决黑色素瘤发病率和结果的性别差异。结果黑色素瘤的性别差异源于生理因素,如激素和基因差异,以及行为模式,如男性延迟求医。包括卷积神经网络(cnn)在内的人工智能驱动的诊断工具显示出希望,但往往反映出训练数据集中的偏见,无法代表较深的肤色和特定性别的模式。确保多样化的数据集,整合“超级提示”或特定区域的人口统计提示,并利用偏见感知算法可以帮助减轻这些偏见,从而提高诊断的准确性和公平性。结论减少黑色素瘤的性别差异需要将创新技术与公平的医疗政策和教育相结合。使用针对不同肤色和性别量身定制的包容性人工智能模型进行早期检测,以及有针对性的治疗策略,对于改善高危人群,特别是男性和服务不足人群的预后至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to “Complications After Exosome Treatment for Aesthetic Skin Rejuvenation” 纠正“外泌体治疗美容皮肤嫩肤后并发症”
Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70017

(2024), “Complications After Exosome Treatment for Aesthetic Skin Rejuvenation,” Dermatological Reviews 5: e242, https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.242.

In the article, the errors detailed below were identified. These corrections are due to an earlier version of the manuscript being published without patient consent. These have been corrected in the online version of the article, and they do not affect the overall conclusions.

The second sentence of the Background paragraph originally stated ‘aesthetics purposes in South Korea’. This has been corrected to ‘aesthetics purposes primarily in South Korea, including one patient residing in Australia.’

The second sentence of the Methods paragraph originally read, ‘The case series included eight female patients, ranging in age from 26 to 52 years old’. This has been corrected to “The case series included seven female patients ranging in age from 26 to 37 years old.’

The third paragraph, last sentence originally read ‘aesthetic dermatologists from South Korea’, who observed the complications. This has been corrected to ‘aesthetic dermatologists, who observed the complications. .’

In 2.8 Case 8, the case study was originally stated that, ‘This is a 52-year-old female who developed multiple erythematous papules (pea-sized) on the right cheek in a grid-like pattern (Figure 9), after a month of self-treatment with MTS microneedling and exosomes. These lesions were not painful or pruritic. Six weeks after the exosome self-treatment, she saw another dermatologist and received topical and oral steroids. On presentation to her current dermatologist (2 months after exosome treatment), she had a biopsy of a lesion demonstrating a necrotizing granuloma on H and E staining (Figure 10 A), and an AFB stain of the lesion was also negative (Figure 10B). Blood work involving a complete blood count, smooth muscle antibody, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein were within normal limits. Tissue cultures for mycobacteria and atypical mycobacteria were negative. Fungus culture was also negative. Moreover, PCR analysis of the tissue also demonstrated negativity for mycobacteria and atypical mycobacteria. For the first 5 weeks, the patient was given a course of methylprednisolone 8 mg once a day, clarithromycin 500 mg twice a day, and doxycycline 100 mg twice a day.’

This has been replaced by:‘A 29-year-old Chinese female residing in Australia came to South Korea seeking cosmetic treatment, where she received a single exosome treatment administered by a nurse practitioner in August 2023, using a 9-pin multineedle and injection gun. The patient reported that erythematous papules initially appeared at the needle insertion sites approximately 1 month after the treatment and were associated with pruritus. While some lesions resolved spontaneously within the first month after appearance, others persisted and progressively worsened over the next 6 months.’

Two months aft

(2024),“外泌体治疗美容皮肤年轻化后的并发症”,《皮肤病学评论》第5期:e242, https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.242.In文章,下面详细说明了错误。这些更正是由于手稿的早期版本未经患者同意而发表。这些已经在文章的网络版中进行了更正,它们不影响总体结论。背景段落的第二句原本是“韩国的美学目的”。这主要是为了美观而在韩国进行的,其中包括一名居住在澳大利亚的患者。方法段落的第二句原本是:“病例系列包括8名女性患者,年龄从26岁到52岁”。这已被更正为“病例系列包括7名女性患者,年龄从26岁到37岁。第三段,最后一句原本是“来自韩国的美容皮肤科医生”,他们观察到了并发症。这已被纠正为“美容皮肤科医生,谁观察到并发症。在2.8病例8中,病例研究最初是这样描述的:“这是一名52岁的女性,在MTS微针和外显体自我治疗一个月后,右脸颊出现了多发红斑丘疹(豌豆大小),呈网格状(图9)。”这些病变没有疼痛或瘙痒。外泌体自我治疗六周后,她去看了另一位皮肤科医生,接受了局部和口服类固醇治疗。在接受外显体治疗2个月后,她就诊于目前的皮肤科医生,对病灶进行了活检,在H和E染色上显示为坏死性肉芽肿(图10a),病灶的AFB染色也为阴性(图10B)。血液检查包括全血细胞计数、平滑肌抗体、红细胞沉降率和c反应蛋白均在正常范围内。分枝杆菌和非典型分枝杆菌组织培养均为阴性。真菌培养也呈阴性。此外,组织的PCR分析也显示分枝杆菌和非典型分枝杆菌阴性。前5周给予甲泼尼龙8 mg 1次/天,克拉霉素500 mg 2次/天,强力霉素100 mg 2次/天。一名居住在澳大利亚的29岁中国女性来到韩国寻求美容治疗,她于2023年8月在一名执业护士的指导下接受了单外体治疗,使用的是9针多针和注射枪。患者报告在治疗约1个月后,最初在针头插入部位出现红斑丘疹,并伴有瘙痒。虽然一些病变在出现后的第一个月内自发消退,但其他病变持续存在并在接下来的6个月内逐渐恶化。外泌体治疗两个月后,患者寻求皮肤科医生的评估。体格检查显示多发红斑丘疹(图9)。皮镜检查显示红斑丘疹特征,表面改变(图10)。患者接受局灶内曲安奈德、脉冲染料激光(PDL)和CO2激光治疗,其中CO2治疗效果最好,但需要谨慎使用。PDL提供有限的改善,可能是由于其渗透浅,而曲安奈德在治疗中的作用很小。图9和图10和图例由于替换了Case 8,图和图例已经更改。正确的图和图例如下所示。在第一段中,最初的声明是“本系列的所有患者都是女性,来自韩国,所有病例都是在过去18个月内发生的。”此外,在接受活检的患者中,病理标本显示坏死性肉芽肿与分枝杆菌感染无关。该系列的所有患者均为女性,主要来自韩国,所有病例均发生在过去18个月内。此外,在接受活检的患者中,病理标本显示坏死性肉芽肿与分枝杆菌感染无关。在第5段中,第4句原本是:“根据他们的年龄,该病例系列中的所有患者都需要接种bcg -巴斯德疫苗。”这已被更正为“基于他们的年龄,有理由假设该病例系列中的大多数患者将被要求接种bcg -巴斯德疫苗,尽管疫苗接种做法可能有所不同,如居住在澳大利亚的患者所见。”这种可变性强调了在评估免疫反应时考虑个体免疫史的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Steroid Injection Treatment for Nodulocystic Acne: A Literature Review 类固醇注射治疗结节性痤疮:文献综述
Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1002/der2.70021
Kar Wai Alvin Lee, Lisa Kwin Wah Chan, Cheuk Hung Lee, Jovian Wan, Kyu-Ho Yi

Background

Nodulocystic acne is a severe form of acne characterized by inflamed nodules and cysts, often causing significant emotional distress and scarring. While oral corticosteroids are commonly used to treat nodulocystic acne, they can have systemic side effects. Intralesional corticosteroid injections offer a targeted and localized approach, reducing the risk of systemic side effects.

Objective

This literature review aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of steroid injections for the treatment of nodulocystic acne.

Method

A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies on the use of intralesional corticosteroids for nodulocystic acne. Studies were included if they reported on the use of intralesional corticosteroids as a primary treatment modality for nodulocystic acne.

Results

The review included studies that reported on the use of intralesional corticosteroids for nodulocystic acne. The results suggest that steroid injections can be an effective treatment option, with significant reductions in lesion size and severity reported in several studies. The addition of lincomycin to intralesional corticosteroids was found to enhance therapeutic efficacy, while cold anesthesia was effective in reducing pain during injections. Proper technique and dosage are essential to minimize discomfort and reduce the risk of complications.

Conclusion

This review suggests that steroid injections can be a valuable treatment option for nodulocystic acne, offering targeted and localized delivery of corticosteroids with reduced risk of systemic side effects. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and establish optimal treatment regimens.

结节性痤疮是一种严重的痤疮形式,其特征是发炎的结节和囊肿,经常引起严重的情绪困扰和疤痕。虽然口服皮质类固醇通常用于治疗结节性痤疮,但它们可能有全身副作用。病灶内皮质类固醇注射提供了一种有针对性和局部的方法,减少了全身副作用的风险。目的本文献综述旨在评价类固醇注射治疗结节性痤疮的疗效、安全性和耐受性。方法全面检索电子数据库,查找病灶内皮质类固醇治疗结节性痤疮的相关研究。如果有研究报道病灶内使用皮质类固醇作为结节性痤疮的主要治疗方式,则纳入研究。结果:本综述包括了关于使用病灶内皮质类固醇治疗结节性痤疮的研究。结果表明,类固醇注射是一种有效的治疗选择,在一些研究中报告了病变大小和严重程度的显著减少。在局部皮质类固醇中加入林可霉素可提高治疗效果,而冷麻醉可有效减轻注射时的疼痛。适当的技术和剂量对于减少不适和减少并发症的风险至关重要。结论:本综述提示类固醇注射可作为结节性痤疮的一种有价值的治疗选择,可提供靶向和局部给药皮质类固醇,降低全身副作用的风险。需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现并建立最佳的治疗方案。
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引用次数: 0
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