中国热带医学最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics of 42 cases of COVID-19 in Dazhou, Sichuan","authors":"Peng Huanwen, Hu Xiaoqi, Pan Xia, Yue Shijia, Z. Hong, Wang Shundong, Xu Lin, L. Yanfang, Wang Pingxi","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in Dazhou City, we provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of COVID-19 in Dazhou City. Methods Statistical analysis of 42 cases of COVID-19 reported in Dazhou were conducted from January to February 2020. Results Cases were reported in 7 counties (cities, districts) of Dazhou City. The population was mainly 30–49 years old, and no confirmed cases of minors were reported. The peak incidence was from January 26 to February 5, 2020. Clinical symptoms were mainly fever (59.52%) and cough (64.29%), and the abnormal rate of lung was 90.48% in early CT examination. 18 of the 19 imported cases had a history of residence or staying in Wuhan. The median number of days from onset to hospitalization, confirmed to discharge, and long duration of viral shedding were 5.5, 18.5 and 7.0 days, inter-quartile range of days were 5.5, 8.0 and 6.0 days, respectively. Conclusion In January, the imported epidemic were the main ones in Dazhou, and in February, local cases kept increasing. Later, the epidemic disease was gradually controlled after the strict control measures were implemented. Fever and cough are used as clinical screening indicators for COVID-19, and CT examination can be used as an early screening method; Shortening the time from onset to hospitalization and ensuring the operation of fever clinics can reduce the spread of the disease; The time of hospitalization and the average time of carrying virus of patients are relatively long. Long-term treatment, psychological counseling and improving patient’s coordination should be prepared during treatment. The aggregated epidemic in Dazhou City is serious, and there is a gap in grass-roots work. In the new cycle, various prevention and control work need to be further implemented so as to prevent local cases caused by foreign imports. 摘要：目的 分析达州市新型冠状病毒肺炎 (新冠肺炎) 病例流行病学特征, 为达州市新冠肺炎防控提供科学依 据。 方法 对 2020 年 1—2 月达州市报告的 42 例新冠肺炎病例资料进行统计分析。 结果 达州市 7 个县 (市、区) 均有 病例报告, 人群以 30~<50 岁为主, 无未成年人确诊病例报告; 发病高峰在 2020 年 1 月 26 日—2 月 5 日, 临床症状以发热 (59.52%) 和咳嗽 (64.29%) 为主, 早期 CT 检查肺部异常率 90.48%; 19 例输入性病例中 18 例有武汉旅居史或停留史; 患 者发病到住院、确诊到出院和持续排毒时间中位数分别为 5.5 d、18.5 d 和 7.0 d, 四分位数间距分别为 5.5 d、8.0 d 和 6.0 d。 结论 达州市 1 月份以输入性疫情为主, 2 月份本地病例不断增加, 2 月下旬疫情逐渐控制; 将发热、咳嗽作为新 冠肺炎临床筛查指征, CT 检查可作为早期筛查手段; 患者住院时间和持续排毒时间较长, 应做好长时间治疗准备及治 疗过程中心理疏导, 提高患者配合度; 达州市聚集性疫情程度较重, 基层工作有差距, 新周期需进一步落实各项防控工 作, 严防因境外输入引发本地病例。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88517094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics of clustering outbreaks of 51 cases of COVID-19 in Xinyang, He’nan","authors":"Zhou Jinli, Huang Heqiu, Hu Yan, Y. Hui","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics and epidemic regularity of a new epidemic situation of COVID-19, and we provide scientific basis for formulating strategies and measures for epidemic prevention and control. Methods According to the “Guidelines for Epidemiological Investigation of Aggregated Epidemic Situation of COVID-19 (Trial Version)” by the National Health and Medical Commission, 274 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 11 asymptomatic infections reported from January 13 to March 2, 2020 were carried out epidemiological investigations. Results There were a total of 51 cases of COVID-19 epidemic outbreaks in Xinyang City. The first case had 31 cases (60.78%) with travel or residence history in Wuhan and other places. The median incubation period was 7 days, and the median number of infections was 2. Including family gatherings were 45 cases (88.24%), mixed gathering 4 cases (7.84%), working gathering 2 cases (3.92%). A total of 139 confirmed cases and 10 asymptomatic infections were involved, accounting for 52.28% of the city′s total number of cases. There were 48 imported cases (32.21%), 101 local cases (67.79%); 85 first-generation cases (57.05%), 63 second-generation cases (42.28%), and 1 third-generation case (0.67%). In the history of exposure, there were 84 cases (56.38%) living together, 51 cases (34.23%) sharing dinner together, 12 cases (8.05%) in close working place, and 2 cases (1.34%) gathering in entertainment places. Conclusion The 51 cases of clustered epidemic is dominated by families. The exposure history of the cases is mostly living together and eating together. The first case of most clustered epidemics is those who traveled or lived in Wuhan and other places. The causes of most cases were linked with the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei. 摘要：目的 分析新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情的发生特点和流行规律, 为制定疫情防控策略和措施提供科学依 据。 方法 根据国家卫健委《新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性疫情流行病学调查指南 (试行第一版) 》, 对 2020 年 1 月 13 日—3 月 2 日报告的 274 例新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例及 11 例无症状感染者开展流行病学调查研究。 结果 信阳市新冠肺 炎聚集性疫情共发生 51 起, 首例病例有武汉等地旅行或居住史者 31 起 (60.78%) , 发病潜伏期中位数为 7 d, 传染人数 中位数为 2 人。包括家庭聚集 45 起 (88.24%) , 混合聚集 4 起 (7.84%) , 工作聚集 2 起 (3.92%)。共涉及 139 例确诊病例 及 10 例无症状感染者, 占全市总病例数的 52.28%。输入性病例 48 例 (32.21%) , 本地病例 101 例 (67.79%) ; 一代病例 85 例 (57.05%) , 二代病例 63 例 (42.28%) , 三代病例 1 例 (0.67%)。暴露史有共同居住生活的 84 例 (56.38%) , 共同聚餐的 51 例 (34.23%) , 工作场所密切接触的 12 例 (8.05%) , 娱乐场所聚集的 2 例 (1.34%)。 结论 51 起聚集性疫情以家庭聚 集性为主; 病例的暴露史多为有共同居住生活史和共同聚餐史; 多数聚集性疫情的首例病例有武汉等地旅行或居 住史。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80545933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological features, diagnosis and treatment of melioidosis in China","authors":"Zhong Cheng-wang, Zheng Wan-ting, X. Sha","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.19","url":null,"abstract":"Melioidosis is a kind of zoonosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei . It is mainly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. In China, the epidemic is mainly in the southern region, and the focus is Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, etc. With the development of tourism and trade, imported cases have appeared in other non epidemic areas in China. The infection route of melioidosis is mainly through wound, mucous membrane, respiratory tract, digestive tract, etc. Its pathological changes can involve all organs of the body, which is easy to cause high misdiagnosis rate and mortality rate. However, there are some limitations in the current epidemic screening technology of melioidosis in China. In terms of prevention and control, there is no effective disease monitoring and disease reporting system, and the popularization of disease knowledge by grassroots doctors and the public is not enough. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to improve the importance of Chinese medical workers to the disease, which will be summarized from the following five aspects: etiological characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, prevention and control measures. 摘要： 类鼻疽病是由类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌 ( Burkholderia pseudomallei ) 感染引起的一类人畜共患病, 主要流行于全 球热带及亚热带地区。在我国主要流行于南部地区, 疫源地为海南、广东、广西、台湾等。伴随着旅游业和贸易业的发 展, 我国其他非疫区出现了输入性病例。类鼻疽病的感染途径主要为经伤口、粘膜、呼吸道、消化道等, 其病变可涉及 机体所有器官, 易造成较高的误诊率和病死率。然而我国目前类鼻疽病的流行病筛查技术存在一定的局限性, 在防控 方面未实行有效的疾病监测和疾病报告制度, 对基层医师和民众疾病知识普及的力度不够。因此, 本文旨在提高我国 医务工作者对类鼻疽病的重视程度, 从类鼻疽病的病原学特征、流行病学特征、临床特征、诊断与治疗、防控措施这五 个方面进行详细综述。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86512968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in peripheral blood and immune cell subsets of tuberculosis patients","authors":"Zhai Yunxia, Xu Ping, Z. Jing, Xu Junchi, Song Huafeng","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.07","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study aim to discover the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and tuberculosis patients, and we achieve new ideas for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis by analyzed its correlation with body immunity cells. Methods Fifty-four patients diagnosed with tuberculosis who admitted to Suzhou Fifth People’s Hospital from December 2018 to May 2019 were included in the experimental group, and 60 healthy persons undergoing outpatient medical examinations in our hospital at the same period were selected as the control group. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were compared in two groups for discovering the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and tuberculosis. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with these levels of CD3 + , CD4 + , CD8 + and CD4 + /CD8 + ratio as well as other immune cells in patients with tuberculosis. Results The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of TB patients 9.75 (5.1, 15.8) ng / mL was significantly lower than that of healthy persons 16.8 (6.8, 32.7) ng / mL ( P 0.05).The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was significantly positively correlated with peripheral blood CD4 + level and CD4 + /CD8 + ratio ( r =0.317 2 and 0.404 4, both P 0.05) , 且血清 25-羟基 维生素 D 水平与外周血 CD4 + 、CD4 + /CD8 + 呈明显正相关 ( r =0.317 2、0.404 4, 均 P <0.05) , 与外周血 CD8 + 呈明显负相关 ( r =-0.329 9, P =0.015) ; 与 NK 细胞水平呈正相关 ( r =0.326 2, P =0.016), 与 B 淋巴细胞及单核细胞呈负相关 ( r =-0.333 9、-0.301 2, 均 P <0.05)。 结论 结核患者中血清 25-羟基维生素 D 明显降低, 可能参与了机体免疫功能调节。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88257537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiological analysis of a case of food poisoning caused by mixed infection with two rare serotypes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus","authors":"Huang Xian, He Dongmei, Li Zhencui, Liang Yongqing, Lin Siling","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyze the etiology of a food poisoning caused by mixed infection with two rare serotypes of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and we provide the basis for the pathogen examination of food poisoning. Methods According to Food Microbiology Testing for Vibrio parahaemolyticus (GB 4789.7-2013) and other standards, 9 patients with food poisoning treated in Longmen County People’s Hospital were selected as research objects, and their rectal swabs were collected for analy⁃ sis and identification. Results There were a total of 9 patients with clinical symptoms, including 2 patients aged ≤20 years old, 1 patient aged 21-<40 years old , 4 patients aged 41-<60 years old , and 2 patients aged ≥60 years old. Eight strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected in 9 rectal swabs, with ratios of the blood classification type O2:K28 was 25.00% (2/8), and O8: K21 was: 75.00%(6 / 8); The similarity of O2∶K28 serotypes (VP18171 and VP18175) was 66.7% by PFGE molecular typing. The similarity of O8∶K21 serotype (VP18172, VP18173, VP18176) was 100.0%, and the similarity of O8∶K21 serotype (VP18177, VP18174, VP18170) was 88.4%-95.2%. The results of the drug sensitivity test showed that while 1 strain was resis⁃ tant to ampicillin and cefazolin, 1 strain was resistant to ampicillin and 3 strains were resistant to cefazolin, the other strains were sensitive to all of the tested drugs, and there was no multi-drug resistance. Conclusion The food poisoning was caused by mixed infection of two different serotypes O2∶K28 and O8∶K21 of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. 摘要：目的 分析一起由两种罕见血清型混合感染引起的副溶血性弧菌食物中毒病原学的检测结果, 为食物中毒 病原学检查途径提供依据。 方法 对一起在龙门县人民医院就诊食物中毒事件的 9 例患者采集其肛拭子样本, 参照《食品微生物学检验副溶血性弧菌检验》( GB 4789.7—2013) 等标准进行病原学分析鉴定。 结果 本次事件出现临床症 状者 9 例, 其中≤20 岁 2 例, 20~<40 岁 1 例, 40~<60 岁 4 例, ≥60 岁 2 例; 9 份肛拭子样本检出 8 株副溶血性弧菌, 血清分型 O2: K28 构 成 比 占 25.00% (2 / 8); O8: K21 构 成 比 占 75.00%(6 / 8); 经 PFGE 分 子 分 型 , 2 株 O2∶K28 血 清 型 (VP18171、VP18175) 相似度为 66.7%; 3 株 O8∶K21 血清型 (VP18172、VP18173、VP18176) 相似度为 100.0%, 与另外 3 株 O8∶K21 血 清型 (VP18177、VP18174、VP18170) 相似度为 88.4%~95.2%; 药敏试验结果显示, 除有 1 株菌株对氨苄西林、头孢唑林二 重耐药、1 株菌株对氨苄西林耐药、3 株菌株对头孢唑林耐药外, 其它菌株对所有测试药物均敏感, 无多重耐药现象。 结论 此次食物中毒是由 O2:K28 和 O8:K21 这两种罕见血清型的副溶血性弧菌混合感染引起的。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73823742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"microRNA-125b acts as a tumor suppressor by targeting signal transduction activator 3 in proliferation and invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"FU Lefan, Tian Ke, Miao Guoying, Feng Aiping","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.14","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA-125b (miR-125b) and signal transduction activator 3 (STAT3) in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), and to explore the molecular mechanism of miR-125b targeting STAT3 to regulate the occurrence and development of CSCC. Methods qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of microRNA-125b and STAT3 in 32 cases of CSCC tissues and adjacent normal skin tissues, as well as in CSCC cell lines (A431, SCC13 and SCL-1) and normal skin cell lines HaCaT. Luciferase reporter gene experiment was used to verify that miR-125b targets STAT3. tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT) and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of microRNA-125b mimic or STAT3 shRNA on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of CSCC cell lines (A431, SCC13 and SCL-1). The effects of microRNA-125b mimic on the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of CSCC cell line A431 were observed by colony formation and Transwell assay. Results Compared with normal skin tissues and cells, the expression of miR-125b in CSCC tissues and cells decreased significantly, while the expression of STAT3 increased significantly. miR-125b targets 3 ′- UTR of STAT3 to regulate its expression. After miR-125b mimic or STAT3 shRNA transfection, the proliferation and cell cycle of A431, SCC13 and SCL-1 cells was significantly inhibited, while the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase was significantly increased, and cell apoptosis was promoted. Moreover, miR-125b mimic could significantly inhibit the ability of colony formation, cell migration and invasion in A431 cells. Conclusion The abnormal expression of miR-125b / STAT3 contributes to the development and progression of CSCC by influencing cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. Both of them can be used as new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for CSCC. 摘要：目的 观察 microRNA-125b (miR-125b) 和信号传导转录激活因子 3 (STAT3) 在皮肤鳞状细胞癌 (CSCC) 中的 表达, 并探讨 miR-125b 靶向 STAT3 进而调控 CSCC 发生发展的分子机制。 方法 采用 qRT-PCR 法和 Western Blot 检测 32 例 CSCC 组织及其周围正常皮肤组织中以及 CSCC 细胞系 (A431、SCC13 和 SCL-1) 和正常皮肤细胞系 HaCaT 中 miR-125b 和 STAT3 的表达。荧光素酶报告基因实验被用于验证 miR-125b 对 STAT3 的靶向作用。采用 MTT 法和流式细胞 术检测 miR-125b mimic 或 STAT3 shRNA 对 CSCC 细胞系 (A431、SCC13 和 SCL-1) 细胞增殖、细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影 响。采用克隆形成实验、细胞转移和侵袭实验观察 miR-125b mimic 对 CSCC 细胞系 A431 细胞的增殖、转移和侵袭能力 的影响。 结果 与正常皮肤组织和细胞相比, CSCC 组织和细胞中 miR-125b 表达显著下降, 而 STAT3 的表达则显著上 调。miR-125b 靶向 STAT3 的 3 ′-UTR 发挥对其表达的调控作用。miR-125b mimic 或 STAT3 shRNA 转染后, A431、SCC13 和 SCL-1 细胞的增殖明显受抑制, G0/G1 期细胞比例明显增加, 并且促进了细胞凋亡。miR-125b mimic 能明显 抑制 A431 细胞的克隆形成、细胞转移和侵袭的能力。 结论 miR-125b/STAT3 的表达异常通过影响细胞的增殖、凋亡 和侵袭参与了 CSCC 的发生发展。二者可成为 CSCC 新的诊断和治疗靶点。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75230722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relapse and influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in Chongqing","authors":"Le Rongrong, Wan Qingya, Zhang Ting","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of relapse in new tuberculosis patients who treated successfully in Chongqing, we provide the basis for formulating the intervention measures to reduce the relapse. Methods With a retrospective cohort study, the data of new tuberculosis patients registered and their relapse condition in 2009 were derived from the Tuberculosis Information Management System (TBMIS). A proportional risk regression model (Cox regression model) was used to analyze the relapse and its influencing factors. Results A total of 23 034 new patients with successful treatment in 2009 were included in this study. During the observation period of 2009-2019, a total of 519 new tuberculosis patients relapsed after successful treatment, with a relapse rate of 2.25% (519 / 23 034). Patients with relapse at 3 years and 5 years accounted for 60.31% (313 / 519) and 77.07% (400 / 519), respectively. The univariate analysis showed that the relapse rate was higher in males, aged≥25 years, ethnic minorities, farmers, positive etiology patients, severe cases and patients with pulmonary cavity, the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05). Multifactorial analysis showed that males, aged≥25 years, ethnic minorities, farmers, positive etiology and pulmonary cavity were the risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis relapse ( P <0.05). Conclusion After successful treatment, the proportion of new tuberculosis patients in Chongqing is relatively high at 5 years, multiple risk factors could lead to relapse. Therefore, we should focus on the high-risk population of tuberculosis, strengthen the follow-up of patients after successful treatment, and take intervention measures as soon as possible, reduce the relapse, so as to finally reduce the incidence of tuberculosis. 摘要：目的 分析重庆市初治肺结核患者成功治疗后复发流行病学特征及复发影响因素, 为制定减少复发干预措 施提供基础依据。 方法 采用回顾性队列研究方法, 从结核病信息管理系统中导出 2009 年登记的成功治疗的初治肺 结核患者信息及其复发病案信息, 采用比例风险回归模型 (Cox 回归模型) 对复发相关因素进行分析。 结果 共导出 2009 年成功治疗的初治患者 23 034 例资料, 在 2009—2019 年观察期间共有 519 例成功治疗后的初治肺结核患者复发, 复发率为 2.25% (519/23 034) , 其中 3 年内复发患者和 5 年内复发患者分别占总复发患者的 60.31% (313/519) 和 77.07% (400/519)。单因素分析显示, 男性、≥25 岁人群、少数民族、农民、病原学阳性、重症和肺部有空洞者复发比例较高, 差 异具有统计学意义 ( P <0.05)。多因素分析结果显示, 男性、≥25 岁人群、少数民族、农民、病原学阳性、肺部有空洞是肺 结核复发的危险因素 ( P <0.05)。 结论 重庆市成功治疗后的初治肺结核患者 5 年复发比例较高, 多种危险因素可导致 复发的发生, 应重视复发高危人群, 强化对成功治疗患者的随访工作, 尽早采取干预措施, 减少复发, 最终达到降低肺 结核疫情的目的。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77842343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment investigation of one confirmed COVID-19 case","authors":"Nong Zhi, Zhou Zhengdong, Lu Xia-Yu, YU Shuilang, Tan Jianwen, Deng Jiguang, Tian Hongyan, Li Sixuan, Hu Hongbo, Huang Ce, Liu Jingfang, Wei Yiguang, Yang Xujun, He Yansi","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective We investigated the CT changes, clinical manifestations, and epidemiological characteristics of patients′ lung, which is contribute to perform the \"five early\" principle as soon as possible for similar cases in the future, and to avoid misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis, and reduce the contact with unprotected infectious sources, reducing the risk of COVID-19 transmission. Additionally, we explore the new approach of traceable epidemiological investigations by carry out the epidemiological investigations in different ways. Methods Diagnosis and treatment of a 53-year-old male patient who was diagnosed as COVID -19 by the Tianlin County People’s Hospital on January 30, 2020 and epidemiological history were retrospectively analyzed. Results Clinical symptoms including fever, fatigue and cough with a little sputum. The patient was admitted to the hospital for treatment of \"respiratory tract infection\", and the CT showed ground-glass opacity and the lesions increased progressively. The radiologist highly suspected the case as COVID-19 by comparing the CT imagine before and after different dates, and then the patient was isolated for treatment and collected sputum for nucleic acid detection. The patient was a positive case of COVID-19. The patient has been living in Ding′an Town, Tianlin County for a long time. Neither himself nor his family members had a history of traveling or staying in epidemic areas such as Wuhan. The patient has been running a breakfast shop with his wife before onset of the disease, and he denied contact with the suspected people. Departments of Public Security investigated the suspected individuals who have meals in the restaurant during the incubation period of the patient through big data. It was found that on the morning of January 20, 2020, a citizen, named Lu, from Huangshi City, Hubei Province (Ministry of Public Security detected Lu was confirmed case for Huangshi City) in the restaurant with breakfast which cooked by the patient. Generally, customers through the small window of food delivery have a short-term face-to-face conversation with the patient. Conclusion The clinical symptoms of this patient were not obvious, and the severity of chest CT lesions was inconsistent with the clinical manifestations, which was consistent with the common features of COVID-19. The route of infection of the patient was transmitted by a close distance airborne droplet transmission from the COVID-19 patient (source of infection), who returned from the epidemic area to the local temporary residence before onset of illness (late incubation period). 摘要：目的 分析广西田林县人民医院首例新型冠状病毒肺炎 (COVID-19) 患者肺部 CT 变化、临床表现特征和流 行病学特点, 为 COVID-19 防控提供经验依据。 方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对 2020 年 1 月 30 日在田林县人民医 院收治的 1 例 COVID-19 确诊病例的诊疗经过和流行病史进行分析。 结果 患者临床表现为发热、乏力、咳嗽伴少许 咳痰, 入院以“呼吸道感染”收治, CT 显示磨玻璃影, 病灶进行性增大, 通过对不同日期肺部 CT 对比高度怀疑新冠疑似 病例, 进而对患者隔离治疗并取样送检, 该患者新冠肺炎病毒核酸检测阳性。患者长期居住田林县定安镇, 其本人及 家属均无武汉等旅居史; 患者发病前同其妻一直经营一家早餐店。经大数据手段对患者潜伏期内到其经营粉店用餐 的可疑人员逐一排查发现, 2020 年 1 月 20 日上午来自湖北省黄","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84835345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors of Acinetobacter Baumann ii nosocomial infection in ICU and respiratory department","authors":"L. Bin, Liu Lei","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.17","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To study the risk factors of nosocomial infection with Acinetobacter baumannii (AB). Methods The clinical data of 6 017 patients in ICU and respiratory department (RD) were retrospectively analyzed to understand the cross infection rate and risk factors with AB nosocomial infection, and we provide a theoretical basis for hospital infection control. Results There were 5 002 cases in RD, the infection rate was 0.59% (30 cases), 1 015 cases in ICU and the infection rate was 19.70% (200 cases). The infection rate of ICU was significantly higher than RD ( P 0.05); But whether or not there were basic diseases, the infection rate in ICU was significantly higher than in RD ( P 0.05) , 但无 论是否有基础疾病, 在 ICU 感染率均高于呼吸科, 差异有统计学意义, ( P <0.05)。同样使用广谱抗生素治疗, 在 ICU 感 染率高于呼吸科, 差异有统计学意义 ( P <0.05)。 结论 “气道开放”是院内感染 AB 的关键环节, “广谱抗生素治疗”、“合 并基础疾病”是防控鲍曼不动杆菌感染的重要环节, 应针对性管理, 尤其是 ICU。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79130527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment analysis of malaria in Changsha, 2017-2018","authors":"X. Fang, Shen Xiao-jun, Liu Zhengxiang, Hu Shixiong, Liu Bixia, Xiong Tingting","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.11.11","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To understand the basic situation of diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of malaria. Methods Investigations were conducted on telephone surveys and clinical data review for malaria cases reported in Changsha in 2017-2018. Results A total of 70 malaria cases were investigated, and the diagnostic accuracy of the first time to the hospital was significantly higher in the medical institutions above the county level (88%) than below (5%). Time interval between initial visit and diagnosis was in line with the national level. Univariate analysis revealed that the factors impacting the time interval were‘Consulting the CDC staffs’, ‘Whether the doctor asked the epidemiological history’and‘the patients’ knowledge of malaria’ ( P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the time interval was correlated to‘Whether the doctor asked the epidemiological history’, and the difference has statistical significance ( P <0.05). The rate of appropriate use of antimalarial drugs was 74.29%, statistic difference ( P <0.05) was found at different years, types of malaria and methods of medication (oral or injection). Conclusion We should enhance the self-protection awareness of key groups, strengthen the awareness and ability of malaria diagnosis and treatment in medical institutions, especially primary medical institutions. 摘要：目的 了解疟疾病例诊治基本情况, 为提出针对性疟疾防控措施提供科学依据。 方法 对 2017—2018 年 长沙市报告的疟疾病例进行普查, 采取电话回访病例及查阅病例资料的方式开展。 结果 共调查 70 例疟疾病例, 病 例在县级以上医疗机构初诊正确率(88%)显著高于县级以下医疗机构(5%); 病例就诊-确诊时间间隔基本与全国水平持 平, 对就诊-确诊时间间隔影响因素进行单因素分析, 结果显示“就诊前咨询疾控机构”、“就诊时医生询问流行病学史” 及“病例有疟疾认知”差异有统计学意义( P <0.05), 进一步开展 Logistic 回归分析显示, “就诊时医生询问流行病学史”差 异有统计学意义( P <0.05); 病例抗疟药使用规范率为 74.29%, 不同年度、不同疟疾类型及不同用药方式(口服或注射)抗 疟药使用规范率差异有统计学意义( P <0.05)。 结论 今后应提高重点人群自我防护意识, 提高医疗机构尤其是基层医 疗机构疟疾诊治意识及能力。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90467467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}