e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy最新文献

{"title":"A novel configuration of reconfigurable bandpass filter based on varactor diodes","authors":"Mohamed Guermal ,&nbsp;Jamal Zbitou ,&nbsp;Mostafa Hefnawi ,&nbsp;Fouad Aytouna","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we introduce the design and thorough analysis of a novel reconfigurable bandpass filter, emphasizing its potential for advanced RF applications. The proposed structure is built around four square ring resonators, which are meticulously etched onto the top surface of an RO4003C substrate. This particular substrate is widely recognized for its reliable performance in high-frequency circuits due to its specific electromagnetic properties, including a permittivity of 3.55 and a low loss tangent of 0.0021. These characteristics are crucial for ensuring minimal signal loss and maintaining efficient filtering at RF frequencies. The physical configuration of the circuit was carefully optimized, resulting in overall dimensions of 61.1358 mm in length and 48.233 mm in width. The compactness of the design makes it suitable for integration into modern communication systems where space and performance are at a premium. In terms of structural design, the bandpass filter employs a single-layer configuration, which houses the four resonators. This streamlined architecture simplifies fabrication while maintaining the necessary functionality and performance. A key feature of the design is the integration of nine varactor diodes, which are carefully placed to enable reconfigurability. These diodes allow for fine-tuning of the resonant frequencies by dynamically adjusting the capacitance values, which in turn alters the filter's operational frequency band. The ability to reconfigure the filter's response on demand is highly advantageous, particularly in communication systems that need to operate over multiple frequency bands or adapt to varying conditions. To ensure the validity of the design, extensive simulations were conducted using the Advanced Design System ADS solver, a reliable tool for RF circuit analysis. The simulation results confirmed the effective performance of the filter, demonstrating not only its strong filtering capabilities but also the smooth reconfigurability achieved through the integration of the varactor diodes. The flexibility provided by this reconfigurable nature makes the filter a promising candidate for advanced communication systems, especially those requiring adaptive filtering to support the transmission and reception of signals across multiple frequency bands. This design represents a significant advancement in filter technology, with potential applications in next-generation communication systems that prioritize flexibility, adaptability, and performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power management of cluster-based DC microgrid system for remote areas","authors":"Agustinus Yudhistira Wicaksono Setyanto,&nbsp;Arwindra Rizqiawan,&nbsp;Tri Ardiani","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electricity problems in remote areas have become a persistent issue due to various factors, especially economic challenges and lack of accessibility. These issues include frequent blackouts and unstable electricity supply. To address this, a DC microgrid system is one of the electricity solutions because it primarily utilizes renewable energy sources which are often abundant in these areas and offers simpler control than its AC counterparts. Cluster topology for DC microgrid is employed because of its ability to operate both independently and interconnected with several similar systems that suit the electricity needs. To ensure that the system fulfills the electricity needs, a power management strategy is proposed in this paper. The strategy is based on the voltage and battery SoC as the system's local parameters in a decentralized manner. By using decentralized control, the proposed strategy allows the system to operate in both independent and connected configurations. A power transfer scheme between building blocks is also developed as part of the strategy to maximize the power utilization of the system. Simulation and experiment using the DC microgrid model and prototype is conducted to assess the system performance. The results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed power management strategy, indicating that it could serve as the basis of cluster-based DC microgrid's power management strategy for remote areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100886"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the impacts of electric vehicle chargers on a medium voltage distribution network in Casablanca City","authors":"Yasmine Rhannouch ,&nbsp;Achraf Saadaoui ,&nbsp;Ahmed Gaga","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition to sustainable mobility has been one of the major challenges in recent years to mitigate global climate change, including the greenhouse effect directly linked to vehicle emissions. This article presents an analysis of the load and voltage profile and harmonic impact of integrating electric vehicles on medium voltage in an energy distribution network of an intermediate city, Casablanca, Morocco. By examining social, geographical, and technical aspects, it aims to determine the minimum infrastructure required for this specific case. Using MATLAB/Simulink software, a model of a 3.7 kW slow electric charger with AC/DC and DC/DC power converter is developed to study the integration of these vehicles into the energy distribution network of the city of Casablanca, Morocco. The simulation software analyzes the behavior of active and reactive power, voltage, and current. Additionally, the results indicate that the impact of this integration on the distribution system has led to a degradation of utility power factors and a slight decrease in the voltage profile of the network. By providing economic and environmental benefits to the city, this study helps establish the necessary procedures to define slow charging infrastructure in urban environments and evaluate its impact on the energy distribution network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy optimization and digitization of the PV energy balance between production and consumption","authors":"Abdellatif Hraich,&nbsp;Ali Haddi","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart grids integrate information technologies to enhance the management of renewable energy sources as well as managing the energy balance between production and consumption. Their design relies on efficiently controlling intermittent energy production through two-way communication between energy generation and consumption, across the entire power grid value chain. Our primary objective is to demonstrate that the Sun Path Tracker, either with two or one degree of freedom, is more energy-efficient than fixed solar panels. This study offers solutions to optimize photovoltaic energy production by passing from experimentation using a solar tracking system and a Sun Astronomic Position Algorithm, that incorporates three different degrees of freedom photovoltaic panels mounted in mobile bracket and artificial intelligence optimization using stochastic algorithms. The energy data from the photovoltaic panels is stored in real-time, in local database and in external database (<strong><em>NoSQL</em></strong>→ <strong><em>GoogleFirebase</em></strong>) using the concept of connected objects or energy internet. This work had permitted to enhance the conversion efficiency of the <strong><em>photovoltaic</em></strong> panels by using the tracking technique and the Sun Algorithm Position via Astronomic calculation in the same line, we had built a database permitting to store the details about the different positions of tracking system with their equivalent energy values in their real actual reading times. Based on the average calculations, it is clear that our solution provides between 8,43 % and 14,56 % of energy yields significantly higher than fixed solar panels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100883"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and control of high-power density converters with power factor correction using multilevel rectifiers","authors":"Prakash A. Kharade,&nbsp;J. Jeyavel,&nbsp;Nitin R. Ingale,&nbsp;Shashikant D. Jadhav","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-power density converters are critical in modern electrical systems, particularly in applications requiring efficient power conversion and high performance, such as industrial drives, renewable energy systems, and electric vehicles. The majority of active-controlled AC/DC converters are built using the boost converter technique. This technique offers a high input Power Factor (PF), which lowers total harmonic distortion and circuit power losses while increasing conversion efficiency. The objective of the research was to investigate the optimal methods for designing and producing PFCs with high power densities and to assess the effectiveness of both topologies through simulation and experimental testing. The work focuses on designing and controlling high-power density converters with power factor correction using multilevel rectifiers. It aims to enhance efficiency, reduce harmonic distortion, improve power quality, and optimize performance in high-power applications through advanced converter topologies and control strategies. In classic boost converter-based PFC systems, the input filter inductor of the boost converter's size and the bank of twice-line frequency energy buffering capacitors (TLFEB) are two of the main obstacles to obtaining high power density. Accordingly, the article suggested multilevel inverters for high power density. Initially, the study proposed the three-phase dual boost five-level rectifier to improve core coupled inductors. The paper also introduces a six-level Flying Capacitor Multilevel (FCML) boost converter-based Power Factor Correction (PFC) front end. Due to the FCML converter's unique properties, the filter inductor's size may be drastically reduced while keeping high efficiency, thus enhancing the PFC front end's power density. By using a single-phase cascaded H-bridge inverter to optimise the boost converter voltage and current parameters, the performance of both PFC topologies was examined. The combination of high-energy-density ceramic capacitors and a single-phase cascaded H-bridge seven-level inverter converter can significantly enhance the performance of the three-phase rectifier. The multilevel converter's dynamics have been analysed and implemented using Matlab software. For universal AC input, 1.5 kW power rating, and 400-V DC output, a hardware prototype is created. The hardware prototype shows increased efficiency and power density in comparison to existing methods while maintaining a high PF and minimal THD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100881"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics and control of marine mechatronic oscillators using electromagnetic coupling and switching power electronics","authors":"Georgios Tsakyridis ,&nbsp;Nikolaos I. Xiros ,&nbsp;George Litsardakis ,&nbsp;George Rovithakis","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing force control mechanisms employing electromagnetic solutions is on the rise in active control applications for flexible mechanical systems, like marine engines and shipboard machinery. Electromagnetic control devices offer superior performance indicators compared to traditional mechanical force actuators in terms of longevity, energy efficiency, maintenance requirements, rapid control response, and high operating speeds. This article investigates the use of magnetic actuation and switching power electronics in addressing the stabilization and tracking control challenges encountered in the dynamics of a mechanical system with a single degree of freedom, comprising mass, spring, and damper elements. Particularly, a linear mechanical oscillator is nonlinearly coupled with an electromagnet and its associated driving circuit via the magnetic field. The electromagnetically actuated mechanical system exhibits characteristics of a deferentially flat nonlinear system. A control strategy is suggested for the purpose of tracking reference position trajectories using output feedback linearization. The synthetic linearized control signal is subsequently guided to a DC–DC buck converter, able to regulate the system’s input voltage in a wide range of operation, by switching the duty cycle. The converter is described using a precise electrical model of the system, accounting for parasitic resistances in the inductor, capacitor, and switches. An averaged state space approach is utilized to create a mathematical nonlinear model for the converter which is then linearized by employing the Exact Feedback Linearization technique. By applying optimal control theory, the controller’s coefficients are fine-tuned for optimal performance. To assess the proposed method’s performance, the dynamics of the compensated mechatronic system is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme choice for active control of vibrating mechanical systems using magnetic coupling and switching DC–DC converters meets the requirements and specifications. Finally, adaptations for applications including but not limited to monitoring and manipulating vibrations in marine engines and shipboard machinery are examined as well.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100877"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved direct torque control of doubly fed induction motor in electric vehicles using fuzzy logic controllers","authors":"Ahmed Chantoufi ,&nbsp;Aziz Derouich ,&nbsp;Najib El Ouanjli ,&nbsp;Said Mahfoud ,&nbsp;Abderrahman El Idrissi","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional Direct Torque Control (DTC) presents challenges such as significant torque ripples and limited adaptability to load variations. These challenges are exacerbated when applied to electric vehicles (EVs) due to changes in driving speed and the load torque that depends on road conditions. In this context, this work aims to improve the DTC of a Doubly Fed Induction Motor (DFIM) used for electric propulsion. Hysteresis comparators and the control table, responsible for the ripples in conventional DTC, have been replaced by fuzzy logic controllers. Additionally, a fuzzy logic speed controller has been designed to ensure better speed tracking across different ranges (low, medium, and high speed). Simulations performed using Matlab/Simulink allowed for a comparison of the proposed control strategy with conventional DTC. The results show a reduction of 42 % in torque ripples. Furthermore, the proposed control strategy does not show any overshoot compared to the conventional DTC strategy, which shows an overshoot of 1.5 km/h. This improves adaptability to load variations and the precision of dynamic response, optimizing the overall vehicle performance. These improvements result in smoother driving and increased overall efficiency of EVs, demonstrating the practicality and effectiveness of the fuzzy logic control strategy for electric propulsion applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100882"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating distribution transformer loss of life through combined integration of rooftop solar photovoltaic installations and electric vehicle charging","authors":"Sunil Gaikwad ,&nbsp;Hrishikesh Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the relationship between rooftop solar photovoltaic (RTSPV) systems and electric vehicles (EVs) as they integrate into our power grid. Specifically, we focus on how EV charging affects the hot-spot temperature (HST) of oil-type distribution transformers (DTs) and the resulting loss of life (LOL) for these transformers, while considering different levels of RTSPV adoption in residential neighborhoods in India. Using a Monte Carlo algorithm, we simulate typical EV usage patterns and gather RTSPV data from a detailed survey of rooftop capacities in the Modi Ganpati area of Pune, which serves as our illustrative case study. Additionally, we analyze daily energy consumption profiles from the local utility to provide a comprehensive perspective. Our simulations, conducted with both MATLAB and Python, reveal that when EV charging aligns with RTSPV generation during the day, it can significantly reduce the LOL of distribution transformers. This finding presents a valuable opportunity for utilities to alleviate the pressure on their power supply systems, potentially delaying the need for costly upgrades or expansions to accommodate the increasing demands from the growing EV market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized real-time state of health estimation for lithium-ion batteries using simulation-augmented multi-objective dual-stream fusion of multi-Bi-LSTM-attention","authors":"Jarin Tasnim,&nbsp;Md. Azizur Rahman,&nbsp;Md. Shoaib Akhter Rafi,&nbsp;Muhammad Anisuzzaman Talukder,&nbsp;Md. Kamrul Hasan","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To maintain the safe and reliable operation of lithium-ion batteries and manage their timely replacement, accurate state of health (SOH) estimation is critically important. This paper presents a novel deep-learning framework based on multi-loss optimized dual stream fusion of attention integrated multi-Bi-LSTM networks (multi-ABi-LSTM), for generalized real-time SOH estimation of lithium-ion batteries. Battery sensor data is first preprocessed utilizing novel energy discrepancy aware variable cycle length synchronization and grid encoding schemes to achieve generalizability considering battery sets with different discharge profiles and then passed through two parallel networks: overlapped data splitting (ODS)-based attention integrated multi-Bi-LSTM network (ODS-multi-ABi-LSTM) and past cycles’ SOHs (PCSs)-based attention integrated multi-Bi-LSTM (PCS-multi-ABi-LSTM) network. The complementary features extracted from these two networks are effectively combined by a proposed fusion network to achieve high SOH estimation accuracy. Furthermore, a lithium-ion battery simulation model is employed for data augmentation during training, enhancing the generalizability of the proposed data-driven model. The suggested technique outperforms previous methods by a remarkable margin achieving 0.716% MAPE, 0.005 MAE, 0.653% RMSE, and 0.992 <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> on a combined dataset consisting of four different battery sets with varying specifications and discharge profiles, indicating its generalization capability. Appliances using lithium-ion batteries can adopt the proposed SOH prediction framework to predict battery health conditions in real-time, ensuring operational safety and reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100870"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-voltage ride-through capability of DFIG-based WECS improved by nonlinear backstepping controller synthesized in novel power state model","authors":"Azeddine Loulijat ,&nbsp;Abdelilah Hilali ,&nbsp;Mohamed Makhad ,&nbsp;Hamid Chojaa ,&nbsp;Najib Ababssi ,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Mossa","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the critical challenge of improving the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) in grid-connected wind energy conversion systems (WECS) during grid faults. The main contribution of this work is the development of a novel control strategy: the Nonlinear Backstepping Controller based on a New State Model in Power Terms (NBC_NSMPT). Unlike conventional control approaches, NBC_NSMPT integrates DC-Link voltage dynamics with active and reactive power behavior throughout the conversion chain, aiming to enhance system stability and fault response. The controller's primary objective is to provide reactive power support at the grid connection point (GCP) during faults while ensuring the overall stability of the DFIG-based WECS. To validate the proposed method, Lyapunov-based stability functions are utilized to ensure that system stability criteria are met, with a focus on the negative definiteness of the Lyapunov function (LF) derivatives. The controller's performance is evaluated through simulations under severe three-phase short-circuit faults (3-PSCF) and varying wind speed (VWS) conditions. A comparative analysis with sliding mode control (SMC) and proportional-integral correctors (PIC) using auxiliary devices demonstrates the superior performance of NBC_NSMPT in terms of reactive power injection, voltage sag mitigation, and DC-Link overvoltage control. Specifically, the NBC_NSMPT injects up to 0.49 pu of reactive power, outperforming the SMC (0.26 pu) and PIC (≈ 0.25 pu) with auxiliary devices, while successfully limiting rotor and stator current peaks to 1.65 pu and 1.66 pu, respectively, and maintaining a stable DC-Link voltage at 1.225 kV. These findings underscore the effectiveness of NBC_NSMPT in enhancing the LVRT capacity and overall stability of DFIG-based WECS under challenging grid conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}