Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100531
Mingzhu Wu, Jianhang Lin, Da Zheng, Yirui Yang, Zhihao Li, Zhengdong Zhu, Yonghui Shen, Gang Ni, Maofeng Zhang
Micro/nanoplastics are widespread in the environment and may cause severe damage to creatures and human beings. Micro/nanoplastic pollution has become a global focus issue; hence, the rapid and accurate detection of micro/nanoplastics is an essential step to ensure health. Herein, we report a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique to sensitively and quantitatively identify micro/nanoplastics in environmental water samples. A three-dimensional hierarchical Au@Ag nanostar (NSs) was synthesized and employed as an efficient SERS substrate. The “lightning rod effect” generated by tip branches of the nanostars and the coupling effect of the neighboring branches of the nanostar array enabled the ultra-trace detection of crystal violet (CV) down to 10−9 M, even with a portable Raman device. Moreover, the hydrophobic property of the SERS substrate endowed it with a desirable enrichment effect, which meant an increase in the concentration or quantity of the micro/nanoplastic particles. And thereafter, the SERS sensor achieved a highly sensitive detection of polystyrene (PS) particle standard solution at a low concentration of 25 μg/mL or 2.5 μg/mL. Importantly, the detected concentration and the SERS intensity followed a nearly linear relationship, indicating the capability of quantitative analysis of micro/nanoplastics. In addition, the SERS sensor was successfully extended to detect PS particles in environmental water samples, including tap water, sea water, and soil water, and the detection concentration was determined to be 25 μg/mL, 2.5 μg/mL, and 25 μg/mL, respectively. The present Au@AgNSs array substrate with a two-order magnitude signal amplification further exhibited significant advantages in the label-free analysis of micro/nanoplastics in real water samples.
{"title":"Engineering Branched Au@Ag Nanostar Plasmonic Array for Coupling Electromagnetic Enhancement and SERS Trace Detection of Polystyrene in Aquatic Environments","authors":"Mingzhu Wu, Jianhang Lin, Da Zheng, Yirui Yang, Zhihao Li, Zhengdong Zhu, Yonghui Shen, Gang Ni, Maofeng Zhang","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100531","url":null,"abstract":"Micro/nanoplastics are widespread in the environment and may cause severe damage to creatures and human beings. Micro/nanoplastic pollution has become a global focus issue; hence, the rapid and accurate detection of micro/nanoplastics is an essential step to ensure health. Herein, we report a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique to sensitively and quantitatively identify micro/nanoplastics in environmental water samples. A three-dimensional hierarchical Au@Ag nanostar (NSs) was synthesized and employed as an efficient SERS substrate. The “lightning rod effect” generated by tip branches of the nanostars and the coupling effect of the neighboring branches of the nanostar array enabled the ultra-trace detection of crystal violet (CV) down to 10−9 M, even with a portable Raman device. Moreover, the hydrophobic property of the SERS substrate endowed it with a desirable enrichment effect, which meant an increase in the concentration or quantity of the micro/nanoplastic particles. And thereafter, the SERS sensor achieved a highly sensitive detection of polystyrene (PS) particle standard solution at a low concentration of 25 μg/mL or 2.5 μg/mL. Importantly, the detected concentration and the SERS intensity followed a nearly linear relationship, indicating the capability of quantitative analysis of micro/nanoplastics. In addition, the SERS sensor was successfully extended to detect PS particles in environmental water samples, including tap water, sea water, and soil water, and the detection concentration was determined to be 25 μg/mL, 2.5 μg/mL, and 25 μg/mL, respectively. The present Au@AgNSs array substrate with a two-order magnitude signal amplification further exhibited significant advantages in the label-free analysis of micro/nanoplastics in real water samples.","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100529
Waqar Muhammad, Sam-Dong Kim
Bending strain sensors based on one-dimensional ZnO nanorod (NR) arrays cross-linked with interdigitated electrodes were fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. ZnO NRs were grown using the hydrothermal method through the dopings with different transition metals, such as Co, Ni, or Co-plus-Ni, on PET substrates, and their microstructural morphology and crystalline properties were examined by a variety of surface analysis methods. Ultraviolet photoresponse and normalized resistance change were measured according to the bending strains to concave and convex directions, and the highest gauge factors of 175 and 83 were achieved in the convex and concave directions, respectively, at a bending strain of 1.75%, when Co-plus-Ni was doped to the NRs.
{"title":"Flexible Bending Sensors Fabricated with Interdigitated Electrode Structures Cross-Linked by Transition Metal Doped ZnO Nanorods","authors":"Waqar Muhammad, Sam-Dong Kim","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100529","url":null,"abstract":"Bending strain sensors based on one-dimensional ZnO nanorod (NR) arrays cross-linked with interdigitated electrodes were fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. ZnO NRs were grown using the hydrothermal method through the dopings with different transition metals, such as Co, Ni, or Co-plus-Ni, on PET substrates, and their microstructural morphology and crystalline properties were examined by a variety of surface analysis methods. Ultraviolet photoresponse and normalized resistance change were measured according to the bending strains to concave and convex directions, and the highest gauge factors of 175 and 83 were achieved in the convex and concave directions, respectively, at a bending strain of 1.75%, when Co-plus-Ni was doped to the NRs.","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135250847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100528
Xuechen Shen, Katsuhiko Ariga
In modern materials research, nanotechnology will play a game-changing role, with nanoarchitectonics as an overarching integrator of the field and artificial intelligence hastening its progress as a super-accelerator. We would like to discuss how this schema can be utilized in the context of specific applications, with exemplification using disease diagnosis. In this paper, we focus on early, noninvasive disease diagnosis as a target application. In particular, recent trends in chemosensing in the detection of cancer and Parkinson’s disease are reviewed. The concept has been gaining traction as dynamic volatile metabolite profiles have been increasingly associated with disease onset, making them promising diagnostic tools in early stages of disease. We also discuss advances in nanoarchitectonic chemosensors, which are theoretically ideal form factors for diagnostic chemosensing devices. Last but not least, we shine the spotlight on the rise to prominence and emergent contributions of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent works, which have elucidated a strong synergy between chemosensing and AI. The powerful combination of nanoarchitectonic chemosensors and AI could challenge our current notions of disease diagnosis. Disease diagnosis and detection of emerging viruses are important challenges facing society. The parallel development of advanced functional materials for sensing is necessary to support and enable AI methodologies in making technological leaps in applications. The material and structural formative technologies of nanoarchitectonics are critical in meeting these challenges.
{"title":"Disease Diagnosis with Chemosensing, Artificial Intelligence, and Prospective Contributions of Nanoarchitectonics","authors":"Xuechen Shen, Katsuhiko Ariga","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100528","url":null,"abstract":"In modern materials research, nanotechnology will play a game-changing role, with nanoarchitectonics as an overarching integrator of the field and artificial intelligence hastening its progress as a super-accelerator. We would like to discuss how this schema can be utilized in the context of specific applications, with exemplification using disease diagnosis. In this paper, we focus on early, noninvasive disease diagnosis as a target application. In particular, recent trends in chemosensing in the detection of cancer and Parkinson’s disease are reviewed. The concept has been gaining traction as dynamic volatile metabolite profiles have been increasingly associated with disease onset, making them promising diagnostic tools in early stages of disease. We also discuss advances in nanoarchitectonic chemosensors, which are theoretically ideal form factors for diagnostic chemosensing devices. Last but not least, we shine the spotlight on the rise to prominence and emergent contributions of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent works, which have elucidated a strong synergy between chemosensing and AI. The powerful combination of nanoarchitectonic chemosensors and AI could challenge our current notions of disease diagnosis. Disease diagnosis and detection of emerging viruses are important challenges facing society. The parallel development of advanced functional materials for sensing is necessary to support and enable AI methodologies in making technological leaps in applications. The material and structural formative technologies of nanoarchitectonics are critical in meeting these challenges.","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135301286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100527
Oliver Gould, Ngoc Nguyen, Kevin C. Honeychurch
The investigation of novel sample matrices in the forensic sciences offers several possible advantages, such as allowing for results to be obtained in cases where common sample types are absent. This review focuses on the application of gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the determination of drugs in alternative sample matrices, including hair, sweat, meconium, breast milk, and vitreous humour. Less common sample types are also reported including air, cerumen, insects, and their larvae and pupae. The application of pyrolysis GC-MS (Py GC-MS) is also reviewed, showing the possibility of determining high molecular weight drugs which would commonly be unattainable by GC-MS. The application of Py GC-MS for the simulation and investigation of the underlying chemistry and the products formed in the smoking of drugs is also reported.
{"title":"New Applications of Gas Chromatography and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Novel Sample Matrices in the Forensic Sciences: A Literature Review","authors":"Oliver Gould, Ngoc Nguyen, Kevin C. Honeychurch","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100527","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of novel sample matrices in the forensic sciences offers several possible advantages, such as allowing for results to be obtained in cases where common sample types are absent. This review focuses on the application of gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the determination of drugs in alternative sample matrices, including hair, sweat, meconium, breast milk, and vitreous humour. Less common sample types are also reported including air, cerumen, insects, and their larvae and pupae. The application of pyrolysis GC-MS (Py GC-MS) is also reviewed, showing the possibility of determining high molecular weight drugs which would commonly be unattainable by GC-MS. The application of Py GC-MS for the simulation and investigation of the underlying chemistry and the products formed in the smoking of drugs is also reported.","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135301840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100526
Alessandra Paladini, Paolo Prosposito, Iole Venditti
In the last decade, new technologies have undertaken an extraordinary development, based not only on new materials and new processes but also on design, modelling, information technology, and artificial intelligence [...]
{"title":"Photonics and Plasmonics: New Challenges for Optical Nanostructured Materials in Sensing","authors":"Alessandra Paladini, Paolo Prosposito, Iole Venditti","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100526","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, new technologies have undertaken an extraordinary development, based not only on new materials and new processes but also on design, modelling, information technology, and artificial intelligence [...]","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135301296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100525
Jianqiao Liu, Yujia Wang, Yue Sun, Kuanguang Zhang, Yang Ding, Ce Fu, Junsheng Wang
Tin oxide (SnO2) is a traditional gas-sensitive semiconductor with excellent response to various gases. However, its sensor performances are attenuated by the utility factor during gas diffusion in the sensing body. Therefore, the rational design of microstructure of devices is attractive and necessary because it may provide a sensible and controllable microstructure, which facilitates gas diffusion and inhibits the utility factor. Herein, the mesoporous tin oxide (MPTD) quantum dot thin film for H2S gas sensors is prepared by a facile route, which creates a mesoporous microstructure for thin films by the thermal decomposition of NH4Cl. The pore size of the thin films is controlled to be 19.36–40.13 nm. The mesoporous microstructure exhibits enhanced gas-sensing properties amounting to a 30-fold increase in response and 1/3 reduction in recovery time in H2S detection at room temperature (25 °C), with a limit of detection of 0.4 ppm. To determine the importance of sensor parameters such as pore size, film thickness, and grain size, an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm model was developed to examine the feature importance of each parameter on the gas-sensing performance of the MPTD sensors. The visual illustration of parameter importance is revealed to facilitate the optimization of technical preparation parameters as well as the rational design of semiconductor gas sensors.
{"title":"Preparation and Optimization of Mesoporous SnO2 Quantum Dot Thin Film Gas Sensors for H2S Detection Using XGBoost Parameter Importance Analysis","authors":"Jianqiao Liu, Yujia Wang, Yue Sun, Kuanguang Zhang, Yang Ding, Ce Fu, Junsheng Wang","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100525","url":null,"abstract":"Tin oxide (SnO2) is a traditional gas-sensitive semiconductor with excellent response to various gases. However, its sensor performances are attenuated by the utility factor during gas diffusion in the sensing body. Therefore, the rational design of microstructure of devices is attractive and necessary because it may provide a sensible and controllable microstructure, which facilitates gas diffusion and inhibits the utility factor. Herein, the mesoporous tin oxide (MPTD) quantum dot thin film for H2S gas sensors is prepared by a facile route, which creates a mesoporous microstructure for thin films by the thermal decomposition of NH4Cl. The pore size of the thin films is controlled to be 19.36–40.13 nm. The mesoporous microstructure exhibits enhanced gas-sensing properties amounting to a 30-fold increase in response and 1/3 reduction in recovery time in H2S detection at room temperature (25 °C), with a limit of detection of 0.4 ppm. To determine the importance of sensor parameters such as pore size, film thickness, and grain size, an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm model was developed to examine the feature importance of each parameter on the gas-sensing performance of the MPTD sensors. The visual illustration of parameter importance is revealed to facilitate the optimization of technical preparation parameters as well as the rational design of semiconductor gas sensors.","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100524
Celina M. Miyazaki, Cibely S. Martin, Maíza S. Ozório, Henry S. Kavazoi, Carlos J. L. Constantino, Priscila Aléssio
In recent decades, many research efforts have been dedicated to finding highly sensitive devices for fast and reliable identification and quantification of an expanding range of analytes. As a result, there has been an increased number of publications dedicated to this area and a consequent increase in the number of review papers on the subject. However, unlike most review articles, we chose to explore the impact of supramolecular arrangement (or deeper, when possible, approaching the molecular organization) and assembly variables on sensing performance. This review briefly discusses the methods used to determine the molecular organization of thin films. We also examine various deposition techniques, including Langmuir-Blodgett, Langmuir-Schaefer, Layer-by-Layer assembly, electrodeposition, and spray pyrolysis, describing mainly (but not limited to) the advances in the last five years in developing thin films for sensors, with a particular emphasis on how the supramolecular arrangement can influence the sensing properties of these films.
{"title":"Exploring Deposition Techniques and Supramolecular Arrangement in Thin Films for Sensor Applications","authors":"Celina M. Miyazaki, Cibely S. Martin, Maíza S. Ozório, Henry S. Kavazoi, Carlos J. L. Constantino, Priscila Aléssio","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100524","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, many research efforts have been dedicated to finding highly sensitive devices for fast and reliable identification and quantification of an expanding range of analytes. As a result, there has been an increased number of publications dedicated to this area and a consequent increase in the number of review papers on the subject. However, unlike most review articles, we chose to explore the impact of supramolecular arrangement (or deeper, when possible, approaching the molecular organization) and assembly variables on sensing performance. This review briefly discusses the methods used to determine the molecular organization of thin films. We also examine various deposition techniques, including Langmuir-Blodgett, Langmuir-Schaefer, Layer-by-Layer assembly, electrodeposition, and spray pyrolysis, describing mainly (but not limited to) the advances in the last five years in developing thin films for sensors, with a particular emphasis on how the supramolecular arrangement can influence the sensing properties of these films.","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100523
Carmen Tesoro, Giuseppa Cembalo, Antonio Guerrieri, Giuliana Bianco, Maria Assunta Acquavia, Angela Di Di Capua, Filomena Lelario, Rosanna Ciriello
L-Dopa is an intermediate amino acid in the biosynthesis of endogenous catecholamines, such as dopamine. It is currently considered to be the optimal dopaminergic treatment for Parkinson’s disease, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting around 1% of the population. In an advanced stage of the disease, complications such as dyskinesia and psychosis are caused by fluctuations in plasma drug levels. Real-time monitoring of L-Dopa levels would be advantageous for properly adjusting drug dosing, thus improving therapeutic efficacy. Electrochemical methods have advantages such as easy-to-use instrumentation, fast response time, and high sensitivity, and are suitable for miniaturization, enabling the fabrication of implantable or wearable devices. This review reports on research papers of the past 20 years (2003–2023) dealing with enzyme-based biosensors for the electrochemical detection of L-Dopa in biological samples. Specifically, amperometric and voltammetric biosensors, whose output signal is a measurable current, are discussed. The approach adopted includes an initial study of the steps required to assemble the devices, i.e., electrode modification and enzyme immobilization. Then, all issues related to their analytical performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and capability to analyze real samples are critically discussed. The paper aims to provide an assessment of recent developments while highlighting limitations such as poor selectivity and long-term stability, and the laborious and time-consuming fabrication protocol that needs to be addressed from the perspective of the integrated clinical management of Parkinson’s disease.
{"title":"A Critical Overview of Enzyme-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for L-Dopa Detection in Biological Samples","authors":"Carmen Tesoro, Giuseppa Cembalo, Antonio Guerrieri, Giuliana Bianco, Maria Assunta Acquavia, Angela Di Di Capua, Filomena Lelario, Rosanna Ciriello","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100523","url":null,"abstract":"L-Dopa is an intermediate amino acid in the biosynthesis of endogenous catecholamines, such as dopamine. It is currently considered to be the optimal dopaminergic treatment for Parkinson’s disease, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting around 1% of the population. In an advanced stage of the disease, complications such as dyskinesia and psychosis are caused by fluctuations in plasma drug levels. Real-time monitoring of L-Dopa levels would be advantageous for properly adjusting drug dosing, thus improving therapeutic efficacy. Electrochemical methods have advantages such as easy-to-use instrumentation, fast response time, and high sensitivity, and are suitable for miniaturization, enabling the fabrication of implantable or wearable devices. This review reports on research papers of the past 20 years (2003–2023) dealing with enzyme-based biosensors for the electrochemical detection of L-Dopa in biological samples. Specifically, amperometric and voltammetric biosensors, whose output signal is a measurable current, are discussed. The approach adopted includes an initial study of the steps required to assemble the devices, i.e., electrode modification and enzyme immobilization. Then, all issues related to their analytical performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and capability to analyze real samples are critically discussed. The paper aims to provide an assessment of recent developments while highlighting limitations such as poor selectivity and long-term stability, and the laborious and time-consuming fabrication protocol that needs to be addressed from the perspective of the integrated clinical management of Parkinson’s disease.","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100522
Yazhen Liao, Yuxing Yang, Yang Qing, Jie Du
Adenosine is a vital biological small molecule that regulates various physiological processes in the human body. A high expression of adenosine in cells can facilitate tumor growth. Therefore, detecting adenosine is crucial for early disease diagnosis. In this paper, we designed a fluorescent biosensor for the sensitive detection of adenosine based on the cationic comb-type copolymer PLL-g-Dex for assisted rapid hybridization of nucleic acids at room temperature. In this strategy, adenosine preferentially binds to the aptamer immobilized on the surface of magnetic nanobeads, releasing free aDNA in solution as the primer strand, which rapidly forms DNA nanowires with auxiliary probes of bDNA with the assistance of PLL-g-Dex. SYBR Green I is embedded in DNA duplexes to generate strong fluorescence. The experimental results showed that PLL-g-Dex promotes DNA hybridization reactions at room temperature to form ultra-long DNA nanowires, thus achieving signal amplification and shortening the detection time. In addition, magnetic nanobeads can reduce the background signal during the reaction. Compared with several previous studies on the fluorescence detection of adenosine, this strategy has a lower detection limit of 2.32 nM. Furthermore, this novel system exhibited a good detection performance even under complex environments, such as serum, providing some reference for the quantitative detection of adenosine in early disease diagnosis.
腺苷是调节人体各种生理过程的重要生物小分子。腺苷在细胞中的高表达可以促进肿瘤的生长。因此，检测腺苷对于疾病的早期诊断至关重要。本文设计了一种基于阳离子梳型共聚物PLL-g-Dex的腺苷敏感荧光生物传感器，用于辅助核酸在室温下快速杂交。在该策略中，腺苷优先与固定在磁性纳米球表面的适体结合，释放溶液中的游离aDNA作为引物链，在PLL-g-Dex的辅助下，与bDNA辅助探针快速形成DNA纳米线。SYBR Green I嵌入DNA双链中产生强荧光。实验结果表明，PLL-g-Dex在室温下促进DNA杂交反应形成超长DNA纳米线，从而实现信号放大，缩短检测时间。此外，磁性纳米球可以减少反应过程中的背景信号。与以往几项荧光检测腺苷的研究相比，该策略的检出限较低，为2.32 nM。此外，该系统在血清等复杂环境下也具有良好的检测性能，为早期疾病诊断中腺苷的定量检测提供了一定参考。
{"title":"Enzyme-Free Signal Amplification Strategy via Chaperone Copolymer-Accelerated Hybridization for Highly Sensitive Detection of Adenosine","authors":"Yazhen Liao, Yuxing Yang, Yang Qing, Jie Du","doi":"10.3390/chemosensors11100522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11100522","url":null,"abstract":"Adenosine is a vital biological small molecule that regulates various physiological processes in the human body. A high expression of adenosine in cells can facilitate tumor growth. Therefore, detecting adenosine is crucial for early disease diagnosis. In this paper, we designed a fluorescent biosensor for the sensitive detection of adenosine based on the cationic comb-type copolymer PLL-g-Dex for assisted rapid hybridization of nucleic acids at room temperature. In this strategy, adenosine preferentially binds to the aptamer immobilized on the surface of magnetic nanobeads, releasing free aDNA in solution as the primer strand, which rapidly forms DNA nanowires with auxiliary probes of bDNA with the assistance of PLL-g-Dex. SYBR Green I is embedded in DNA duplexes to generate strong fluorescence. The experimental results showed that PLL-g-Dex promotes DNA hybridization reactions at room temperature to form ultra-long DNA nanowires, thus achieving signal amplification and shortening the detection time. In addition, magnetic nanobeads can reduce the background signal during the reaction. Compared with several previous studies on the fluorescence detection of adenosine, this strategy has a lower detection limit of 2.32 nM. Furthermore, this novel system exhibited a good detection performance even under complex environments, such as serum, providing some reference for the quantitative detection of adenosine in early disease diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":10057,"journal":{"name":"Chemosensors","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135644640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11100521
Vlastimil Matějec, Ivan Kašík, Ivo Bartoň
Recently, rapid progress has been achieved in the field of nanomaterial preparation and investigation. Many nanomaterials have been employed in optical chemical sensors and biosensors. This review is focused on fiber-optic nanosensors for chemical sensing based on silica and plastic optical fibers. Four types of fiber-optic chemical nanosensors, namely fiber nanotip sensors, fiber nanoarray sensors, fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance sensors, and fiber-optic nanomaterial-based sensors, are discussed in the paper. The preparation, materials, and sensing characteristics of the selected fiber-optic nanosensors are employed to show the performance of such nanosensors for chemical sensing. Examples of fiber-optic nanobiosensors are also included in the paper to document the broad sensing performance of fiber-optic nanosensors. The employment of fiber-nanotips and nanoarrays for surface-enhanced Raman scattering and nanosensors employing both electrical and optical principles and “Lab-on-fiber” sensors are also included in the paper. The paper deals with fiber-optic nanosensors based on quantum dots, nanotubes, nanorods, and nanosheets of graphene materials, MoS2, and MXenes.
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