Md. Moyazzem Hossain, Faruq Abdulla, Mohammed Nazmul Huq
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into various sectors has undoubtedly brought about numerous benefits, from increased efficiency to innovative problem-solving. The growing influence of AI across several industries may help to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, due to the AI revolution happening in industries across the globe, older employees are often confronted with significant hurdles in keeping pace with these changes. The threat of job displacement looms large as automation driven by AI encroaches upon routine tasks previously performed by human workers. Job insecurity, that is, worry of losing one's job encompasses anxiety, and uneasiness, and affects the mental health of employees. To address these challenges and empower older employees in the era of open AI, it is imperative that organizations implement targeted strategies tailored to their unique needs and circumstances. Employees use the opportunities for continued education provided to them with company support to prevent unwanted effects. organizations can create an inclusive and supportive environment where older employees are empowered to embrace the opportunities presented by AI while leveraging their experience and expertise to drive innovation and success.
{"title":"Challenges Faced by Older Employees in the Era of Open Artificial Intelligence and Strategies to Empower Them","authors":"Md. Moyazzem Hossain, Faruq Abdulla, Mohammed Nazmul Huq","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into various sectors has undoubtedly brought about numerous benefits, from increased efficiency to innovative problem-solving. The growing influence of AI across several industries may help to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, due to the AI revolution happening in industries across the globe, older employees are often confronted with significant hurdles in keeping pace with these changes. The threat of job displacement looms large as automation driven by AI encroaches upon routine tasks previously performed by human workers. Job insecurity, that is, worry of losing one's job encompasses anxiety, and uneasiness, and affects the mental health of employees. To address these challenges and empower older employees in the era of open AI, it is imperative that organizations implement targeted strategies tailored to their unique needs and circumstances. Employees use the opportunities for continued education provided to them with company support to prevent unwanted effects. organizations can create an inclusive and supportive environment where older employees are empowered to embrace the opportunities presented by AI while leveraging their experience and expertise to drive innovation and success.</p>","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 2","pages":"154-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>In Japan, the declining birthrate, aging population, and the growing prevalence of nuclear families present major challenges for informal caregiving. These factors have led to an increase in caregiving among older adults, a phenomenon commonly referred to as “RouRou-kaigo” in Japanese. As of 2022, older adults account for 63.5% of informal care households in Japan [<span>1</span>].</p><p>Older informal caregivers frequently face a range of health issues, including depression, sleep disorders, and deteriorating dietary habits [<span>2, 3</span>]. The dietary habits of caregivers are critical as they influence both their own health and the well-being of care recipients [<span>4, 5</span>]. However, research on the dietary habits of older caregivers and their older care recipients is limited [<span>6, 7</span>].</p><p>This study aimed to identify factors associated with poor dietary variety and meal skipping among older caregivers and their care recipients, providing insights to improve their nutritional well-being.</p><p>We conducted a web-based survey via Cross Marketing Inc., which has 10.5 million registered monitors nationwide as of 2024 [<span>8</span>]. The inclusion criteria were: (1) individuals aged ≥ 65 years, (2) those without dementia or other psychiatric disorders, and (3) primary informal caregivers for older family members requiring long-term care or support. The survey was administered from June 18 to 24, 2024. The survey was distributed online to 830 eligible individuals, and 525 responded. A total of 395 respondents, all of whom routinely prepare meals for both themselves and their care recipients, were included in the final analysis.</p><p>Dependent variables assessed were caregivers' and care recipients' dietary variety and meal skipping. Caregivers' dietary variety was evaluated using the Dietary Variety Score [<span>9</span>], categorized as “at risk” (≤ 3) and “not at risk” (≥ 4). Care recipients' dietary variety was assessed by asking caregivers if they think the care recipient is eating a balanced diet. Meal skipping was assessed by asking if participants and care recipients ate three meals daily. Independent variables include caregivers' gender (women/men), economic status (satisfied/unsatisfied), support of caregiving (none/yes), and burden of care (low/high). Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors related to dietary habits among caregivers and care recipients. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. SPSS version 29.0 (IBM Corporation) was used for all analyses.</p><p>All participants provided informed consent, and this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Sendai Center for Dementia Care Research and Practices (24U01).</p><p>Twenty-seven percent of individuals recognized that their care recipients do not eat a balanced diet. There were 33.4% with poor dietary variety scores among older informal caregivers. Regarding meal skipping, 13.7% of care recipients an
{"title":"Dietary Challenges Among Older Men Caregivers: Implications for Health Interventions","authors":"Kumi Morishita-Suzuki","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Japan, the declining birthrate, aging population, and the growing prevalence of nuclear families present major challenges for informal caregiving. These factors have led to an increase in caregiving among older adults, a phenomenon commonly referred to as “RouRou-kaigo” in Japanese. As of 2022, older adults account for 63.5% of informal care households in Japan [<span>1</span>].</p><p>Older informal caregivers frequently face a range of health issues, including depression, sleep disorders, and deteriorating dietary habits [<span>2, 3</span>]. The dietary habits of caregivers are critical as they influence both their own health and the well-being of care recipients [<span>4, 5</span>]. However, research on the dietary habits of older caregivers and their older care recipients is limited [<span>6, 7</span>].</p><p>This study aimed to identify factors associated with poor dietary variety and meal skipping among older caregivers and their care recipients, providing insights to improve their nutritional well-being.</p><p>We conducted a web-based survey via Cross Marketing Inc., which has 10.5 million registered monitors nationwide as of 2024 [<span>8</span>]. The inclusion criteria were: (1) individuals aged ≥ 65 years, (2) those without dementia or other psychiatric disorders, and (3) primary informal caregivers for older family members requiring long-term care or support. The survey was administered from June 18 to 24, 2024. The survey was distributed online to 830 eligible individuals, and 525 responded. A total of 395 respondents, all of whom routinely prepare meals for both themselves and their care recipients, were included in the final analysis.</p><p>Dependent variables assessed were caregivers' and care recipients' dietary variety and meal skipping. Caregivers' dietary variety was evaluated using the Dietary Variety Score [<span>9</span>], categorized as “at risk” (≤ 3) and “not at risk” (≥ 4). Care recipients' dietary variety was assessed by asking caregivers if they think the care recipient is eating a balanced diet. Meal skipping was assessed by asking if participants and care recipients ate three meals daily. Independent variables include caregivers' gender (women/men), economic status (satisfied/unsatisfied), support of caregiving (none/yes), and burden of care (low/high). Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors related to dietary habits among caregivers and care recipients. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. SPSS version 29.0 (IBM Corporation) was used for all analyses.</p><p>All participants provided informed consent, and this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Sendai Center for Dementia Care Research and Practices (24U01).</p><p>Twenty-seven percent of individuals recognized that their care recipients do not eat a balanced diet. There were 33.4% with poor dietary variety scores among older informal caregivers. Regarding meal skipping, 13.7% of care recipients an","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 2","pages":"158-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhao Yang, Xiao Han, Pei Liang, Xiaoting Zhao, Qiyun Zhu, Hui Ye, Chao Yang, Bin Jiang
Background
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aims to explore the impact of national volume-based procurement (NVBP) on Chinese patent medicines and provide evidence for improving policies and promoting rational drug use.
Methods
The study was based on data from the China National Health Insurance Agency that spanned January 2019 to December 2020. Descriptive analysis was conducted using volume and expenditure as variables. Interrupted time series analysis was applied to further analyze Chinese patent medicines.
Results
The unit prices of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin decreased by 25%–96%, whereas the prices of Zhibitai and Xuezhikang fluctuated slightly. The affordability is measured as the monthly expenditure on treatment divided by the daily wage. After policy implementation, the affordability of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin improved from 0.242 to 0.014 and from 0.247 to 0.019, respectively. The defined daily doses (DDDs) for atorvastatin and rosuvastatin also increased, whereas total expenditures decreased in hospitals of all levels. Both at the national level and at all levels of hospital, the policy had no significant impact on expenditures for Zhibitai and Xuezhikang and their defined daily doses.
Conclusions
The NVBP saved costs in the short term by incorporating high-quality, widely used lipid-lowering drugs. Notably, the policy impacted lipid-lowering chemical drugs, whereas Chinese patent medicines remained largely unaffected. Doctors' use of Chinese patent medicines did not decline, highlighting the clinical specificity of these medicines.
{"title":"Study on the Effects of National Volume-Based Procurement of Chemical Drugs on Chinese Patent Medicines: Lipid-Lowering Drugs as an Example","authors":"Zhao Yang, Xiao Han, Pei Liang, Xiaoting Zhao, Qiyun Zhu, Hui Ye, Chao Yang, Bin Jiang","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aims to explore the impact of national volume-based procurement (NVBP) on Chinese patent medicines and provide evidence for improving policies and promoting rational drug use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was based on data from the China National Health Insurance Agency that spanned January 2019 to December 2020. Descriptive analysis was conducted using volume and expenditure as variables. Interrupted time series analysis was applied to further analyze Chinese patent medicines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The unit prices of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin decreased by 25%–96%, whereas the prices of Zhibitai and Xuezhikang fluctuated slightly. The affordability is measured as the monthly expenditure on treatment divided by the daily wage. After policy implementation, the affordability of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin improved from 0.242 to 0.014 and from 0.247 to 0.019, respectively. The defined daily doses (DDDs) for atorvastatin and rosuvastatin also increased, whereas total expenditures decreased in hospitals of all levels. Both at the national level and at all levels of hospital, the policy had no significant impact on expenditures for Zhibitai and Xuezhikang and their defined daily doses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The NVBP saved costs in the short term by incorporating high-quality, widely used lipid-lowering drugs. Notably, the policy impacted lipid-lowering chemical drugs, whereas Chinese patent medicines remained largely unaffected. Doctors' use of Chinese patent medicines did not decline, highlighting the clinical specificity of these medicines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"14-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashmun Nisha, Arshiya Shamim, Aleza Rizvi, Tarique Mahmood, Bhagyashree Goswami, Farogh Ahsan, Mohd Sharique, Saba Parveen
Psychoneuroimmunology is a scientific discipline exploring the interconnectedness of the nervous system, emotion state, and immune system. The current review examines the distinct mechanisms through which the mind and body interact when subjected to stress. Manifestations of psychoneuroimmunological stress encompass symptoms such as depression, aggression, fear, and social withdrawal, which can exert a profound impact on physiological well-being. Some observations suggest that humans and nonhuman animals exhibit similar stress-related symptoms, aiding in the identification of pharmacological pathways and potential clinical implications of therapeutic interventions. Animal stress models are predicated on varying approaches aimed at eliciting a motivational state to navigate and confront aversive circumstances. The current review describes the diverse stress induction models that have been investigated internationally, incorporating an ethological perspective that involves evaluating innate and unpunished behaviors through methodologies like the elevated plus maze, elevated zero maze, light-dark box, and open field test. Additionally, conditioned operant conflict tests, such as the Vogel conflict test, fall under the purview of learning and punishment models. This category encompasses classic conditioning models like fear conditioning, psychosocial models such as social defeat, and physical and chronic unpredictable stress paradigms. In this review, we critically evaluate existing cognitive and behavioral frameworks underpinning the development and perpetuation of stress-related disorders, while also elucidating the impact of immune system responses on the mental and physical health of animals. The primary objective of this review is to elucidate the array of animal models employed in previous research and the testing protocols used to assess animal performance in stress induction scenarios, with the ultimate aim of reducing mortality rates among research animals.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review of Experimental Models of Stress: Pragmatic Insight Into Psychoneuroimmunology","authors":"Ashmun Nisha, Arshiya Shamim, Aleza Rizvi, Tarique Mahmood, Bhagyashree Goswami, Farogh Ahsan, Mohd Sharique, Saba Parveen","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Psychoneuroimmunology is a scientific discipline exploring the interconnectedness of the nervous system, emotion state, and immune system. The current review examines the distinct mechanisms through which the mind and body interact when subjected to stress. Manifestations of psychoneuroimmunological stress encompass symptoms such as depression, aggression, fear, and social withdrawal, which can exert a profound impact on physiological well-being. Some observations suggest that humans and nonhuman animals exhibit similar stress-related symptoms, aiding in the identification of pharmacological pathways and potential clinical implications of therapeutic interventions. Animal stress models are predicated on varying approaches aimed at eliciting a motivational state to navigate and confront aversive circumstances. The current review describes the diverse stress induction models that have been investigated internationally, incorporating an ethological perspective that involves evaluating innate and unpunished behaviors through methodologies like the elevated plus maze, elevated zero maze, light-dark box, and open field test. Additionally, conditioned operant conflict tests, such as the Vogel conflict test, fall under the purview of learning and punishment models. This category encompasses classic conditioning models like fear conditioning, psychosocial models such as social defeat, and physical and chronic unpredictable stress paradigms. In this review, we critically evaluate existing cognitive and behavioral frameworks underpinning the development and perpetuation of stress-related disorders, while also elucidating the impact of immune system responses on the mental and physical health of animals. The primary objective of this review is to elucidate the array of animal models employed in previous research and the testing protocols used to assess animal performance in stress induction scenarios, with the ultimate aim of reducing mortality rates among research animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"4-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Globally, the use of community pharmacies and pharmacists in the delivery of vaccination services has been hampered by several factors, laws, and regulations that do not support pharmacists to participate in the delivery of vaccination services. With the advent of COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have included community pharmacists and pharmacies in vaccination services to improve coverage. This study described the delivery of vaccination services in community pharmacies using the COVID-19 experience and how their involvement impacted vaccination coverage in Nigeria. It also exposed how this experience can be used to support policy revisions to formally recognize pharmacists in immunization delivery.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 474 community pharmacists in two southwestern States in Nigeria, using a semi-structured questionnaire. It determines the number of community pharmacists who have been trained in the delivery of vaccination services, the types of vaccination services provided, and vaccines administered in their pharmacies. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics and <i>p</i>-value at ≤ 0.05.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Response rate was 86.7%. Less than half of the respondents (40.1%) had undergone vaccination training. Of the 129 (31.4%) respondents that provide vaccination services, 72 (55.8%) administer vaccines in their pharmacies. Out of these 72 respondents; 45 (62.5%) were administering vaccines before their involvement in COVID-19 vaccine administration; 57 (79.2%) of the health personnel who administer vaccines were pharmacists; 60 (83.3%) of them administer vaccines on request; 22 (30.6%) administered COVID-19 vaccines only; and only 7 (9.7%) of the respondents had administered over 500 doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Training in vaccination was associated with the vaccination services provided (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Respondents suggested government support through legal framework and policy review, training and empowering pharmacists in vaccine administration, and recognition of community pharmacists as PHC providers.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Training of community pharmacists in vaccination services had increased the number of respondents' involvement in the delivery of the services while the delivery of COVID-19 vaccination by community pharmacists had increased the number of clients vaccinated, hence improved coverage in Nigeria. Also, policy review and inc
{"title":"Improving Vaccination Coverage Through Community Pharmacy Service Delivery in Nigeria: The COVID-19 Experience and Implications for Policy Review","authors":"Yejide Olukemi Oseni, Ukamaka Gladys Okafor, Taofik Oladipupo Odukoya, Hamidu Adediran Oluyedun, Abiodun Abdulah Ajibade, Yusuff Olanrewaju Azeez, Abigail Isaac Okonu, Oladapo Adewale Adetunji, Adebusuyi Akande Ademisoye, Fatimah Adebukola Sanusi, Okechi Eberechukwu Nzedibe","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, the use of community pharmacies and pharmacists in the delivery of vaccination services has been hampered by several factors, laws, and regulations that do not support pharmacists to participate in the delivery of vaccination services. With the advent of COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have included community pharmacists and pharmacies in vaccination services to improve coverage. This study described the delivery of vaccination services in community pharmacies using the COVID-19 experience and how their involvement impacted vaccination coverage in Nigeria. It also exposed how this experience can be used to support policy revisions to formally recognize pharmacists in immunization delivery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 474 community pharmacists in two southwestern States in Nigeria, using a semi-structured questionnaire. It determines the number of community pharmacists who have been trained in the delivery of vaccination services, the types of vaccination services provided, and vaccines administered in their pharmacies. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics and <i>p</i>-value at ≤ 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Response rate was 86.7%. Less than half of the respondents (40.1%) had undergone vaccination training. Of the 129 (31.4%) respondents that provide vaccination services, 72 (55.8%) administer vaccines in their pharmacies. Out of these 72 respondents; 45 (62.5%) were administering vaccines before their involvement in COVID-19 vaccine administration; 57 (79.2%) of the health personnel who administer vaccines were pharmacists; 60 (83.3%) of them administer vaccines on request; 22 (30.6%) administered COVID-19 vaccines only; and only 7 (9.7%) of the respondents had administered over 500 doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Training in vaccination was associated with the vaccination services provided (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Respondents suggested government support through legal framework and policy review, training and empowering pharmacists in vaccine administration, and recognition of community pharmacists as PHC providers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Training of community pharmacists in vaccination services had increased the number of respondents' involvement in the delivery of the services while the delivery of COVID-19 vaccination by community pharmacists had increased the number of clients vaccinated, hence improved coverage in Nigeria. Also, policy review and inc","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"52-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahim Raufi, Fatemeh Zareian-Jahromi, Saba Zangeneh, Jalil Rajabi, Reza Shahriarirad
Background
Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, is a significant contributor to recurrent persistent cough across all age groups, including vaccinated individuals. This seroepidemiological study aims to address the gap in understanding pertussis incidence by investigating its occurrence in individuals with persistent cough and describing the characteristics of affected patients admitted to clinical centers in Jahrom, Southwest Iran.
Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 110 patients with a cough persisting for at least 2 weeks, admitted to clinical centers in Jahrom, Iran. Blood samples were collected at baseline and on day 21 of follow-up. Serum samples were analyzed for anti-pertussis toxin immunoglobulin G (anti-PT-IgG) levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Demographic factors, including age, gender, occupation, area of residence, and family size, were also evaluated.
Results
Among the 110 participants, 77 (70%) were female, and seven patients (6.4%) tested seropositive for anti-PT-IgG. No significant associations were observed between pertussis incidence and the analyzed variables, including age, gender, occupation, area of residence (urban vs. rural), and family size (p > 0.05). These findings underscore the importance of enhancing vaccination coverage to reduce the prevalence of B. pertussis in the community.
Conclusion
This study highlights the occurrence of pertussis in individuals presenting solely with a persistent cough, absent of classic symptoms. The findings emphasize the need for healthcare providers to conduct detailed assessments and utilize rapid diagnostic methods for timely detection. This is particularly crucial in regions with high vaccination rates but limited awareness of pertussis recurrence.
{"title":"Seroepidemiological Assessment of Bordetella pertussis in Jahrom, Southern Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Rahim Raufi, Fatemeh Zareian-Jahromi, Saba Zangeneh, Jalil Rajabi, Reza Shahriarirad","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Bordetella pertussis</i>, the causative agent of whooping cough, is a significant contributor to recurrent persistent cough across all age groups, including vaccinated individuals. This seroepidemiological study aims to address the gap in understanding pertussis incidence by investigating its occurrence in individuals with persistent cough and describing the characteristics of affected patients admitted to clinical centers in Jahrom, Southwest Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study enrolled 110 patients with a cough persisting for at least 2 weeks, admitted to clinical centers in Jahrom, Iran. Blood samples were collected at baseline and on day 21 of follow-up. Serum samples were analyzed for anti-pertussis toxin immunoglobulin G (anti-PT-IgG) levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Demographic factors, including age, gender, occupation, area of residence, and family size, were also evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 110 participants, 77 (70%) were female, and seven patients (6.4%) tested seropositive for anti-PT-IgG. No significant associations were observed between pertussis incidence and the analyzed variables, including age, gender, occupation, area of residence (urban vs. rural), and family size (<i>p</i> > 0.05). These findings underscore the importance of enhancing vaccination coverage to reduce the prevalence of <i>B. pertussis</i> in the community.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the occurrence of pertussis in individuals presenting solely with a persistent cough, absent of classic symptoms. The findings emphasize the need for healthcare providers to conduct detailed assessments and utilize rapid diagnostic methods for timely detection. This is particularly crucial in regions with high vaccination rates but limited awareness of pertussis recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"44-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rehabilitation typically restores shoulder function after a common rotator cuff repair; however, it is unclear when to initiate physical therapy (PT) post-surgery. To understand effective start times, this study analyzed PT start times and their effect on shoulder function. The most effective shoulder outcomes were hypothesized to occur when PT started 0–4 weeks post-surgery.
Methods
Data from 1002 patients who underwent rotator cuff repair were analyzed retrospectively from 52 outpatient clinics in the years of 2016–2021. The primary data of timings between surgery and the start of PT (0–2 weeks [0–14 days], 2–4 weeks [15–28 days], 4–6 weeks [29–42 days], and 6–14 weeks [43–100 days]), change in functional shoulder scores, number of PT visits utilized, and functional scores changed per visit were analyzed. Regression analyses of the impact of age, sex, payor source, and tear size were completed.
Results
The change in functional scores and functional scores changed per visit are not affected by the initiation timing of PT post- rotator cuff surgery, when controlling for baseline functional scores. This result is revealed despite initial functional scores being significantly different. Functional scores change per visit may have been affected by payor source (R2 = 0.004, p ≤ 0.010). PT start times may have been impacted by age (R2 = 0.010, p = 0.007), payor source (R2 = 0.016, p = 0.001), and tear size (R2 = 0.007, p = 0.026). Payor source may have influenced the number of PT visits (R2 = 0.060, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
After rotator cuff surgery, patients should choose to complete rehabilitation to optimize shoulder function. However, the initiation timing of PT may not affect functional shoulder outcomes.
背景：在普通肩袖修复后，康复通常可以恢复肩功能；然而，术后何时开始物理治疗（PT）尚不清楚。为了了解有效的开始时间，本研究分析了PT开始时间及其对肩部功能的影响。假设最有效的肩部预后发生在手术后0-4周开始PT。方法回顾性分析2016-2021年52家门诊1002例肩袖修复患者的数据。分析手术至PT开始的时间间隔（0-2周[0-14天]、2-4周[15-28天]、4-6周[29-42天]、6-14周[43-100天]）、肩关节功能评分变化、PT就诊次数及每次就诊功能评分变化的主要数据。对年龄、性别、付款人来源、泪液大小的影响进行回归分析。结果在控制基线功能评分时，功能评分的变化和每次就诊的功能评分变化不受PT后肩袖手术开始时间的影响。尽管最初的功能评分有显著差异，但这一结果仍被揭示出来。每次就诊功能评分的变化可能受到付款人来源的影响（R2 = 0.004, p≤0.010）。PT开始时间可能受到年龄（R2 = 0.010, p = 0.007）、付款来源（R2 = 0.016, p = 0.001）和撕裂大小（R2 = 0.007, p = 0.026）的影响。付款人来源可能影响PT就诊次数（R2 = 0.060, p < 0.001）。结论肩袖手术后，患者应选择完全康复以优化肩功能。然而，PT的起始时间可能不会影响肩关节功能预后。
{"title":"Does the Timing of the Initiation of Physical Therapy Post-Rotator Cuff Repair Impact Shoulder Function?","authors":"Reivian Berrios Barillas, James Irrgang","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rehabilitation typically restores shoulder function after a common rotator cuff repair; however, it is unclear when to initiate physical therapy (PT) post-surgery. To understand effective start times, this study analyzed PT start times and their effect on shoulder function. The most effective shoulder outcomes were hypothesized to occur when PT started 0<b>–</b>4 weeks post-surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 1002 patients who underwent rotator cuff repair were analyzed retrospectively from 52 outpatient clinics in the years of 2016<b>–</b>2021. The primary data of timings between surgery and the start of PT (0–2 weeks [0–14 days], 2–4 weeks [15–28 days], 4–6 weeks [29–42 days], and 6–14 weeks [43–100 days]), change in functional shoulder scores, number of PT visits utilized, and functional scores changed per visit were analyzed. Regression analyses of the impact of age, sex, payor source, and tear size were completed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The change in functional scores and functional scores changed per visit are not affected by the initiation timing of PT post- rotator cuff surgery, when controlling for baseline functional scores. This result is revealed despite initial functional scores being significantly different. Functional scores change per visit may have been affected by payor source (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.004, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.010). PT start times may have been impacted by age (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.010, <i>p</i> = 0.007), payor source (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.016, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and tear size (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.007, <i>p</i> = 0.026). Payor source may have influenced the number of PT visits (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.060, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After rotator cuff surgery, patients should choose to complete rehabilitation to optimize shoulder function. However, the initiation timing of PT may not affect functional shoulder outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oral health issues persistently affect the overall health and well-being of rural populations. Village health volunteers (VHVs) play a crucial role in advancing oral health literacy in their community. This study aimed to examine the factors related to nutritional literacy for oral health among VHVs.
Methods
This was a mixed-methods study employing an explanatory sequential design. The quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires distributed to a cohort of 10,514 VHVs registered in Health Region 1. A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure adequate representation of various subgroups within the VHV population, considering factors such as age, education level, and geographical distribution across the region. This approach allowed for a more representative sample that accurately reflects the diversity of the VHV population. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with a purposive sampling of 20 participants based on specific criteria. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and biserial correlation techniques, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results
The study found that the sample group possessed a moderate level of knowledge of health literacy principles and nutrition for oral health. However, their self-assessed skills in nutritional literacy for oral health were rated as high. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between knowledge of nutrition for oral health and skills in nutritional literacy for oral health. VHVs equated health literacy with knowledge because their public health training had focused more on imparting knowledge rather than developing skills based on health literacy principles.
Conclusion
There is a need to emphasize skill-based health literacy training and to use effective skill development techniques that are tailored to the specific roles and responsibilities of health volunteers. It is also recommended to continuously monitor and evaluate the outcomes of these efforts.
{"title":"Nutritional Literacy for Individual Oral Health Among Village Health Volunteers in Public Health Region 1 of Thailand","authors":"Chollada Sorasak, Worayuth Nak-Ai, Choosak Yuennan, Mansuang Wongsapai","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.131","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral health issues persistently affect the overall health and well-being of rural populations. Village health volunteers (VHVs) play a crucial role in advancing oral health literacy in their community. This study aimed to examine the factors related to nutritional literacy for oral health among VHVs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a mixed-methods study employing an explanatory sequential design. The quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires distributed to a cohort of 10,514 VHVs registered in Health Region 1. A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure adequate representation of various subgroups within the VHV population, considering factors such as age, education level, and geographical distribution across the region. This approach allowed for a more representative sample that accurately reflects the diversity of the VHV population. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with a purposive sampling of 20 participants based on specific criteria. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and biserial correlation techniques, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found that the sample group possessed a moderate level of knowledge of health literacy principles and nutrition for oral health. However, their self-assessed skills in nutritional literacy for oral health were rated as high. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between knowledge of nutrition for oral health and skills in nutritional literacy for oral health. VHVs equated health literacy with knowledge because their public health training had focused more on imparting knowledge rather than developing skills based on health literacy principles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a need to emphasize skill-based health literacy training and to use effective skill development techniques that are tailored to the specific roles and responsibilities of health volunteers. It is also recommended to continuously monitor and evaluate the outcomes of these efforts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to give possible solutions to the impact of climate change on the nation's physical and mental health and emerging infectious diseases. Improving Bangladesh's healthcare, response, and data collection systems is a public health emergency.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Change on Emerging Infectious Diseases and Human Physical and Mental Health in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Siddikur Rahman, Afiya Antara Anika, Rafia Amin Raka, Ajlina Karamehic Muratovic","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to give possible solutions to the impact of climate change on the nation's physical and mental health and emerging infectious diseases. Improving Bangladesh's healthcare, response, and data collection systems is a public health emergency.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"62-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zongjiu Zhang, Tien Yin Wong, Haibo Wang, Jiefu Huang
<p>As we bring 2024 to a close and step into the promise of 2025, it is a moment to celebrate our accomplishments, revisit our commitments, and chart the course ahead for <i>Health Care Science</i>.</p><p>This year marked extraordinary growth for <i>Health Care Science</i>. We received a total of 225 manuscript submissions—a remarkable 55.8% increase from the previous year. Thanks to the dedication and expertize of our reviewers and editorial team, we maintained an average review time of just 35 days, ensuring a swift and rigorous editorial process.</p><p>Another milestone was our journal's inclusion in prominent indexing platforms such as DOAJ, Scopus, PubMed Central, and ESCI. These achievements enhance the visibility and accessibility of our published work, and we are now preparing to apply for indexing in MEDLINE, further expanding our reach within the global academic community.</p><p>The breadth of topics covered by <i>Health Care Science</i> in 2024 reflects its commitment to interdisciplinary research and its role as a platform for addressing pressing challenges in healthcare.</p><p>Post-pandemic, we took the opportunity to reflect on preparedness and response, publishing impactful papers such as <i>“Innovative public strategies in response to COVID-19: A review of practices from China”</i> [<span>1</span>]. Global health and policy issues remain a central focus, as highlighted by articles such as <i>“The African Medicines Agency and Medicines Regulation: Progress, challenges, and recommendations”</i> [<span>2</span>], which explores the evolving role of regulatory frameworks in medicines access. Our commitment to improving healthcare management and practices is evident in studies like <i>“Improving transitional care after acute myocardial infarction: A scoping review”</i> [<span>3</span>]. Ethical issues were highlighted in discussions of clinical xenotransplantation [<span>4</span>] and systematic reviews of ethical approvals in medical reporting [<span>5</span>], as well as the dedicated editorial to <i>the 2024 revision of the Declaration of Helsinki (DoH)</i> [<span>6</span>], indicating a strong focus on the social dimensions of health care.</p><p>More importantly, this year, <i>Health Care Science</i> put a strong emphasis on innovations in digital health and AI, with articles on the deployment of machine learning in healthcare (<i>“Toward real-world deployment of machine learning for health care: External validation, continual monitoring, and randomized clinical trials”</i> [<span>7</span>]), advancements in medical imaging (<i>“Leveraging anatomical constraints with uncertainty for pneumothorax segmentation”</i> [<span>8</span>]), evaluation of large language models in healthcare (<i>“A systematic evaluation of the performance of GPT-4 and PaLM2 to diagnose comorbidities in MIMIC-IV patients”</i> [<span>9</span>]), and the broader impact of modern technologies on healthcare systems (<i>“Revolutionizing healthcare and medicine: The
随着2024年接近尾声，我们迈向2025年的承诺，这是一个庆祝我们的成就，重温我们的承诺，并规划医疗保健科学前进方向的时刻。今年标志着卫生保健科学的非凡发展。我们共收到225份稿件，比上年显著增长55.8%。由于我们的审稿人和编辑团队的奉献精神和专业知识，我们保持了平均35天的审查时间，确保了快速和严格的编辑过程。另一个里程碑是我们的期刊被纳入了著名的索引平台，如DOAJ、Scopus、PubMed Central和ESCI。这些成果提高了我们发表的作品的可见性和可及性，我们现在正准备在MEDLINE中申请索引，进一步扩大我们在全球学术界的影响力。《2024年卫生保健科学》涵盖的主题的广度反映了它对跨学科研究的承诺，以及它作为解决卫生保健领域紧迫挑战的平台的作用。大流行后，我们借此机会反思防范和应对措施，发表了《应对COVID-19的创新公共战略：中国实践回顾》等有影响力的论文。全球卫生和政策问题仍然是一个中心焦点，《非洲药品管理局和药品监管：进展、挑战和建议》等文章强调了这一点，其中探讨了监管框架在药品获取方面不断演变的作用。我们致力于改善医疗保健管理和实践，这在诸如“改善急性心肌梗死后的过渡护理：范围回顾”bbb等研究中得到了明显体现。在关于临床异种移植的讨论中，在医学报告中对伦理批准的系统审查中，以及在2024年修订《赫尔辛基宣言》（DoH）[6]的专门社论中，都强调了伦理问题，表明强烈关注卫生保健的社会层面。更重要的是，今年，《医疗保健科学》（Health Care Science）非常重视数字健康和人工智能方面的创新，发表了关于在医疗保健领域部署机器学习的文章(《在医疗保健领域部署机器学习：外部验证、持续监测和随机临床试验”[7])、医学影像学的进步（“利用解剖学限制和不确定性进行气胸分割”[8]）、医疗保健中大语言模型的评估（“对GPT-4和PaLM2诊断MIMIC-IV患者合共病的性能的系统评估”[9]），以及现代技术对医疗保健系统的更广泛影响(“彻底改变医疗保健和医学：现代技术对更健康未来的影响——一项全面审查"[10])。这些贡献——跨越卫生政策、技术和实践——是我们阅读量和引用量最多的文章之一，强调了我们在推进医疗保健知识的同时应对当代挑战的承诺。它们共同突出了卫生保健科学在促进全球范围内创新和有影响力的研究方面的关键作用。当我们创办《卫生保健科学》时，我们雄心勃勃地重新定义了卫生保健期刊的潜力——解决卫生保健系统研究中其他期刊经常忽视的紧迫差距。然而，正如任何努力一样，我们认识到增长需要不断的反思和调整。我们今年学到的一个关键教训是，某些做法——比如自由格式提交——可能会不经意间给我们的审稿人带来负担，尽管它们背后的初衷是好的。我们已经考虑到这些反馈，并修改了我们的提交流程，使其更易于管理，同时保持高学术水平。这些变化反映了我们致力于随着医疗保健领域的需求而发展，确保医疗保健科学仍然是一个及时和相关的创新研究和思想领导平台。在为2025年的挑战和机遇做准备之际，我们重申对卓越、创新和包容的承诺。我们的目标仍然是创建一个杂志，不仅通知，而且激发全球卫生保健系统的有意义的变化。我们邀请我们的社区与我们一起继续这一旅程——作者、评论家和读者都一样。携手合作，我们可以进一步提升医疗保健科学的影响力，为塑造更光明的医疗保健未来做出贡献。感谢您成为我们旅程中不可或缺的一部分。愿2025年带给我们新的机遇、新的成就和欢乐的时刻。张宗久：构思（主笔），撰写原稿（主笔）。黄天寅：构思（平等）、写作评审和编辑（平等）。王海波：写作-审编（同等）。黄洁夫：监督（平等）。作者没有什么可报告的。作者没有什么可报告的。作者声明无利益冲突。
{"title":"Reflecting on Achievements and Renewing Our Vision","authors":"Zongjiu Zhang, Tien Yin Wong, Haibo Wang, Jiefu Huang","doi":"10.1002/hcs2.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hcs2.127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As we bring 2024 to a close and step into the promise of 2025, it is a moment to celebrate our accomplishments, revisit our commitments, and chart the course ahead for <i>Health Care Science</i>.</p><p>This year marked extraordinary growth for <i>Health Care Science</i>. We received a total of 225 manuscript submissions—a remarkable 55.8% increase from the previous year. Thanks to the dedication and expertize of our reviewers and editorial team, we maintained an average review time of just 35 days, ensuring a swift and rigorous editorial process.</p><p>Another milestone was our journal's inclusion in prominent indexing platforms such as DOAJ, Scopus, PubMed Central, and ESCI. These achievements enhance the visibility and accessibility of our published work, and we are now preparing to apply for indexing in MEDLINE, further expanding our reach within the global academic community.</p><p>The breadth of topics covered by <i>Health Care Science</i> in 2024 reflects its commitment to interdisciplinary research and its role as a platform for addressing pressing challenges in healthcare.</p><p>Post-pandemic, we took the opportunity to reflect on preparedness and response, publishing impactful papers such as <i>“Innovative public strategies in response to COVID-19: A review of practices from China”</i> [<span>1</span>]. Global health and policy issues remain a central focus, as highlighted by articles such as <i>“The African Medicines Agency and Medicines Regulation: Progress, challenges, and recommendations”</i> [<span>2</span>], which explores the evolving role of regulatory frameworks in medicines access. Our commitment to improving healthcare management and practices is evident in studies like <i>“Improving transitional care after acute myocardial infarction: A scoping review”</i> [<span>3</span>]. Ethical issues were highlighted in discussions of clinical xenotransplantation [<span>4</span>] and systematic reviews of ethical approvals in medical reporting [<span>5</span>], as well as the dedicated editorial to <i>the 2024 revision of the Declaration of Helsinki (DoH)</i> [<span>6</span>], indicating a strong focus on the social dimensions of health care.</p><p>More importantly, this year, <i>Health Care Science</i> put a strong emphasis on innovations in digital health and AI, with articles on the deployment of machine learning in healthcare (<i>“Toward real-world deployment of machine learning for health care: External validation, continual monitoring, and randomized clinical trials”</i> [<span>7</span>]), advancements in medical imaging (<i>“Leveraging anatomical constraints with uncertainty for pneumothorax segmentation”</i> [<span>8</span>]), evaluation of large language models in healthcare (<i>“A systematic evaluation of the performance of GPT-4 and PaLM2 to diagnose comorbidities in MIMIC-IV patients”</i> [<span>9</span>]), and the broader impact of modern technologies on healthcare systems (<i>“Revolutionizing healthcare and medicine: The","PeriodicalId":100601,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hcs2.127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号