Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3323343
Woong Hwang;Jimin Kim;Jihoon Han;Wonsoo Kang;Sunghyuk Park
Electromagnetic resonance in electric motors arises when the electromagnetic force frequency coincides with any of the motor's natural frequencies, causing excessive vibration and noise. To address this issue, it is crucial to design motors such that their natural frequencies do not closely align with the electromagnetic force frequency. However, vacuum cleaner motors operate across a broad range of speeds, generating a multitude of electromagnetic force frequencies, which makes it challenging to establish natural frequencies that can avoid all possible electromagnetic resonances. This article presents a novel approach for shifting natural frequencies by adjusting the stiffness of stator cores. By integrating an auxiliary component with various design factors into the motor, a range of natural frequencies can be achieved. An optimal natural frequency that mitigates electromagnetic resonance was identified among these modified frequencies, and the subsequent enhancement in acoustic characteristics was demonstrated.
{"title":"Investigation of Resonance Avoidance Method for Vacuum Cleaner","authors":"Woong Hwang;Jimin Kim;Jihoon Han;Wonsoo Kang;Sunghyuk Park","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3323343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3323343","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic resonance in electric motors arises when the electromagnetic force frequency coincides with any of the motor's natural frequencies, causing excessive vibration and noise. To address this issue, it is crucial to design motors such that their natural frequencies do not closely align with the electromagnetic force frequency. However, vacuum cleaner motors operate across a broad range of speeds, generating a multitude of electromagnetic force frequencies, which makes it challenging to establish natural frequencies that can avoid all possible electromagnetic resonances. This article presents a novel approach for shifting natural frequencies by adjusting the stiffness of stator cores. By integrating an auxiliary component with various design factors into the motor, a range of natural frequencies can be achieved. An optimal natural frequency that mitigates electromagnetic resonance was identified among these modified frequencies, and the subsequent enhancement in acoustic characteristics was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"328-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10275132.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50350924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3309669
Cyril Perducat;David C. Mazur;Wes Mukai;Scott N. Sandler;Michael J. Anthony;Jon A. Mills
The current industrial automation landscape faces considerable challenges due to the increasing growth of Industrial Internet of Things devices, cloud services, information technology (IT)/operational technology (OT) convergence, along with evolving hyperscaler technologies, such as Kubernetes and distributed computing. This article provides an in-depth review of the existing Instrumentation Society of America (ISA)-95 Model and its current role in supporting manufacturing systems and their interactions. Additionally, it examines how emerging technologies are impacting the security, design, and management of OT networks. As existing perimeter-based models, such as ISA-95, are pushed to their limits, the concepts of zero-trust architectures, and policy-based or software-defined networks are being explored as the next generation of OT network design. This article aims to provide a high-level introduction to the concepts and disruptive technologies, and introduce the potential implementation risks and challenges of these principles within traditional IT/OT converged solutions.
{"title":"Evolution and Trends of Cloud on Industrial OT Networks","authors":"Cyril Perducat;David C. Mazur;Wes Mukai;Scott N. Sandler;Michael J. Anthony;Jon A. Mills","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3309669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3309669","url":null,"abstract":"The current industrial automation landscape faces considerable challenges due to the increasing growth of Industrial Internet of Things devices, cloud services, information technology (IT)/operational technology (OT) convergence, along with evolving hyperscaler technologies, such as Kubernetes and distributed computing. This article provides an in-depth review of the existing Instrumentation Society of America (ISA)-95 Model and its current role in supporting manufacturing systems and their interactions. Additionally, it examines how emerging technologies are impacting the security, design, and management of OT networks. As existing perimeter-based models, such as ISA-95, are pushed to their limits, the concepts of zero-trust architectures, and policy-based or software-defined networks are being explored as the next generation of OT network design. This article aims to provide a high-level introduction to the concepts and disruptive technologies, and introduce the potential implementation risks and challenges of these principles within traditional IT/OT converged solutions.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"291-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10234100.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The electromagnetic utilization of an electrical machine can be increased by raising the current density, with a limitation resulting from the maximum permissible temperature of the winding insulation. Conventional insulating materials only have a low specific thermal conductivity, which results in large temperature gradients in the winding cross section and consequently hotspots. This article presents the development and characterization of ceramic-like composite materials based on filled polysiloxanes for the dip coating of lamination stacks and the impregnation of the winding of electrical machines. The specific equivalent thermal conductivity is determined on composite winding samples, the thermal cycle stability is examined and the microstructure is analyzed with the scanning electron microscope. The manufacturability and the partial discharge behavior are examined based on test samples. The results of tests on an electric traction machine are used to show the potential for increasing the power density.
{"title":"Development of Polymer-Ceramic Composite Materials for the Winding Insulation of Highly Utilized and Energy-Efficient Electrical Machines","authors":"Sören Miersch;Ralph Schubert;Thomas Schuhmann;Mathias Lindner","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3309627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3309627","url":null,"abstract":"The electromagnetic utilization of an electrical machine can be increased by raising the current density, with a limitation resulting from the maximum permissible temperature of the winding insulation. Conventional insulating materials only have a low specific thermal conductivity, which results in large temperature gradients in the winding cross section and consequently hotspots. This article presents the development and characterization of ceramic-like composite materials based on filled polysiloxanes for the dip coating of lamination stacks and the impregnation of the winding of electrical machines. The specific equivalent thermal conductivity is determined on composite winding samples, the thermal cycle stability is examined and the microstructure is analyzed with the scanning electron microscope. The manufacturability and the partial discharge behavior are examined based on test samples. The results of tests on an electric traction machine are used to show the potential for increasing the power density.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"304-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10234077.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50350922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307299
Lorrana F. da Rocha;Danilo I. Brandao;Kassiane de S. Medeiros;Matheus S. Dall'asta;Telles B. Lazzarin
The integration of offshore wind energy power system is a solution to reduce carbon emissions in the oil and gas sector. However, the intermittent profile of wind power generation can bring challenges of voltage/frequency fluctuations to the electrical grid of the platform. This article proposes a coordinated decentralized control used to mitigate voltage fluctuation in oil and gas platform caused by connection of wind power system through short- and long-umbilical cables. The proposed control is split into optimum loss control embedded in the wind power system control, and modified dynamic volt-var functions applied to active front-end variable frequency drives. The decentralized control is evaluated by means of simulation results considering a real case test bench of a typical Brazilian offshore platform with a wind power system of 10 and 50 MW, and umbilical cable of 12 and 150 km. The results indicate an effective contribution of the dynamic volt-var function in reducing voltage fluctuations for the three implemented wind power system configurations (i.e., 10; 50, and 50 MW/150 km).
{"title":"Coordinated Decentralized Control of Dynamic Volt-Var Function in Oil and Gas Platform With Wind Power Generation","authors":"Lorrana F. da Rocha;Danilo I. Brandao;Kassiane de S. Medeiros;Matheus S. Dall'asta;Telles B. Lazzarin","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307299","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of offshore wind energy power system is a solution to reduce carbon emissions in the oil and gas sector. However, the intermittent profile of wind power generation can bring challenges of voltage/frequency fluctuations to the electrical grid of the platform. This article proposes a coordinated decentralized control used to mitigate voltage fluctuation in oil and gas platform caused by connection of wind power system through short- and long-umbilical cables. The proposed control is split into optimum loss control embedded in the wind power system control, and modified dynamic volt-var functions applied to active front-end variable frequency drives. The decentralized control is evaluated by means of simulation results considering a real case test bench of a typical Brazilian offshore platform with a wind power system of 10 and 50 MW, and umbilical cable of 12 and 150 km. The results indicate an effective contribution of the dynamic volt-var function in reducing voltage fluctuations for the three implemented wind power system configurations (i.e., 10; 50, and 50 MW/150 km).","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"269-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10227332.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307414
Giovanna Oriti;Alexander L. Julian;Matthew P. Storm;Daniel P. DeToma;Norma Anglani
This article addresses the new pulsed power load requirements for shipboard power systems introduced in the 2018 revision of the Military Standard 1399 Section 300, Part 1. With the number of pulsed loads increasing onboard modern ships, the ac distribution bus is susceptible to voltage and frequency abnormalities due to the limited inertia of the synchronous generators powering the ship. In this article, the strict limits imposed by the Military Standard 1399 are met with a system-level solution and a novel sizing method for the energy storage system (ESS). A targeted control system ensures that the power delivered by the ac bus has smooth transients, within the limits set by the military standard, thus reducing the stress on the shipboard power distribution system and the generators. A novel ESS sizing algorithm is proposed to identify the minimum number of supercapacitors for a given set of control parameters. The proposed control system is simulated and experimentally validated on a laboratory testbed built with silicon carbide (SiC) power converters managed by field programmable gate array (FPGA) control boards.
{"title":"Shipboard Control System Supported by Energy Storage Sizing to Meet the MIL-STD-1399 Limits for Pulsed Power Loads","authors":"Giovanna Oriti;Alexander L. Julian;Matthew P. Storm;Daniel P. DeToma;Norma Anglani","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307414","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the new pulsed power load requirements for shipboard power systems introduced in the 2018 revision of the Military Standard 1399 Section 300, Part 1. With the number of pulsed loads increasing onboard modern ships, the ac distribution bus is susceptible to voltage and frequency abnormalities due to the limited inertia of the synchronous generators powering the ship. In this article, the strict limits imposed by the Military Standard 1399 are met with a system-level solution and a novel sizing method for the energy storage system (ESS). A targeted control system ensures that the power delivered by the ac bus has smooth transients, within the limits set by the military standard, thus reducing the stress on the shipboard power distribution system and the generators. A novel ESS sizing algorithm is proposed to identify the minimum number of supercapacitors for a given set of control parameters. The proposed control system is simulated and experimentally validated on a laboratory testbed built with silicon carbide (SiC) power converters managed by field programmable gate array (FPGA) control boards.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"279-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10226335.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3296436
Soo Hyoung Lee;Donghee Choi;Seung-Mook Baek
The increase in renewable-energy-based generations, such as photovoltaic and wind turbines, inevitably leads to an increase in the number and capacity of inverters connected to the power system. This also increases the voltage on the inverter-connected and adjacent buses. By absorbing reactive power appropriately, it can suppress excessive voltage and increase the potential capacity of real power. Currently, most inverters connected to the power grid are set up in a way that does not involve adjusting the voltage at the point of connection. This means that the inverter controller's limiter settings have not significantly impacted the system's stability after a fault. This article examines the impact of reactive power absorption on grid-connected inverters’ stability and limiter values’ effects on stability. Additionally, to set the limiter values for a convenient inverter controller, the causes of instability are explained in a phasor diagram, and a method for setting the limiter values using this information is explained. The stability impact analysis and limiter value setting are carried out through accurate EMT model-based simulations. The infinite bus with the equivalent impedance is used for the stability analysis and limiter values setting, and the determined values are verified on the real power system. The simulation is conducted using the power system computer-aided design and electromagnetic transient including dc.
{"title":"A Practical Approach to Determine Limiter Values of Inverter Control to Maximize Renewable Energy Penetration","authors":"Soo Hyoung Lee;Donghee Choi;Seung-Mook Baek","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3296436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3296436","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in renewable-energy-based generations, such as photovoltaic and wind turbines, inevitably leads to an increase in the number and capacity of inverters connected to the power system. This also increases the voltage on the inverter-connected and adjacent buses. By absorbing reactive power appropriately, it can suppress excessive voltage and increase the potential capacity of real power. Currently, most inverters connected to the power grid are set up in a way that does not involve adjusting the voltage at the point of connection. This means that the inverter controller's limiter settings have not significantly impacted the system's stability after a fault. This article examines the impact of reactive power absorption on grid-connected inverters’ stability and limiter values’ effects on stability. Additionally, to set the limiter values for a convenient inverter controller, the causes of instability are explained in a phasor diagram, and a method for setting the limiter values using this information is explained. The stability impact analysis and limiter value setting are carried out through accurate EMT model-based simulations. The infinite bus with the equivalent impedance is used for the stability analysis and limiter values setting, and the determined values are verified on the real power system. The simulation is conducted using the power system computer-aided design and electromagnetic transient including dc.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"317-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10185630.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50350923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3293059
Mariam Saeed;Fernando Briz;Juan Manuel Guerrero;Igor Larrazabal;David Ortega;Victor Lopez;Juan Jose Valera
Governments have recently been dedicating relevant funds to cope up with the inevitable transition to sustainable mobility aiming for a greener transportation sector. This scenario is backed up by the deteriorating global energy crisis, which is predicted to hasten the transition to sustainable energy. Focus has been given to railway systems being globally considered as a tractor project for promoting the use of green and renewable energy by helping build the required infrastructure. As a result, a high tendency for integrating onboard energy storage systems in trains is being observed worldwide. This article provides a detailed review of onboard railway systems with energy storage devices. In-service trains as well as relevant prototypes are presented, and their characteristics are analyzed. A comprehensive study of the traction system structure of these vehicles is introduced providing an overview of all the converter architectures used, categorized based on the type of onboard energy storage device on the train. The current situation of hydrogen fuel cells in railway systems is presented as well, highlighting consistent tendencies. This article also provides a glimpse into commercial battery and fuel cell products used on operating trains.
{"title":"Onboard Energy Storage Systems for Railway: Present and Trends","authors":"Mariam Saeed;Fernando Briz;Juan Manuel Guerrero;Igor Larrazabal;David Ortega;Victor Lopez;Juan Jose Valera","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3293059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3293059","url":null,"abstract":"Governments have recently been dedicating relevant funds to cope up with the inevitable transition to sustainable mobility aiming for a greener transportation sector. This scenario is backed up by the deteriorating global energy crisis, which is predicted to hasten the transition to sustainable energy. Focus has been given to railway systems being globally considered as a tractor project for promoting the use of green and renewable energy by helping build the required infrastructure. As a result, a high tendency for integrating onboard energy storage systems in trains is being observed worldwide. This article provides a detailed review of onboard railway systems with energy storage devices. In-service trains as well as relevant prototypes are presented, and their characteristics are analyzed. A comprehensive study of the traction system structure of these vehicles is introduced providing an overview of all the converter architectures used, categorized based on the type of onboard energy storage device on the train. The current situation of hydrogen fuel cells in railway systems is presented as well, highlighting consistent tendencies. This article also provides a glimpse into commercial battery and fuel cell products used on operating trains.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"238-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10174620.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3291637
Li Yang;Yuxuan Liu;Wensong Yu;Iqbal Husain
This article develops a recurrent neural network (RNN) with an encoder–decoder structure to predict the driving sequence of SiC MOSFET active gate drivers (AGDs). With a set of switching targets as the input, the predictor generates an optimal active gate driving sequence to improve the switching transient. The development is based on a hybrid platform across MATLAB, PyTorch, and LTspice. A high-fidelity switching model is implemented in MATLAB to obtain reliable training data. The sequence predictor is trained with PyTorch. The predicted sequence is verified on an example Buck circuit in LTspice. In contrast to the state-of-the-art approach, the proposed method avoids exhaustive search in a large solution space; the sequence length is dynamically predicted per the driving strength at each step. The AGD sequences generated by the predictor effectively and precisely improve the switching transients, making the proposed sequence predictor an integral and valuable component for active gate driving.
{"title":"Sequence Prediction for SiC MOSFET Active Gate Driving With a Recurrent Neural Network","authors":"Li Yang;Yuxuan Liu;Wensong Yu;Iqbal Husain","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3291637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3291637","url":null,"abstract":"This article develops a recurrent neural network (RNN) with an encoder–decoder structure to predict the driving sequence of SiC MOSFET active gate drivers (AGDs). With a set of switching targets as the input, the predictor generates an optimal active gate driving sequence to improve the switching transient. The development is based on a hybrid platform across MATLAB, PyTorch, and LTspice. A high-fidelity switching model is implemented in MATLAB to obtain reliable training data. The sequence predictor is trained with PyTorch. The predicted sequence is verified on an example Buck circuit in LTspice. In contrast to the state-of-the-art approach, the proposed method avoids exhaustive search in a large solution space; the sequence length is dynamically predicted per the driving strength at each step. The AGD sequences generated by the predictor effectively and precisely improve the switching transients, making the proposed sequence predictor an integral and valuable component for active gate driving.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10171405.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3289094
Amir Ostadrahimi;Stefano Bifaretti
Space vector pulsewidth modulation (SVPWM) is a superior switching technique offering several benefits for power electronic inverters. However, concerning multilevel inverters (MLIs), implementing SVPWM is a demanding and time-consuming task because it deals with the six sectors of the space vector modulation (SVM) plane and numerous regions and vectors. Several research works in the literature tried to simplify SVPWM implementation for MLIs. This article introduces an SVPWM strategy, aiming to simplify the designing process and reduce the computational burden of the multilevel SVPWM. In this method, the switching process is designed only for the first sector of the SVM plane. The duty cycles and the switching states of the other sectors are assigned by transferring and translating techniques. The proposed method only uses basic algebraic functions in order to save the limited hardware resources of the processor. The same basic functions are used to handle overmodulation operations. This method introduces the boundary lines concept, which is a useful tool to detect the region and assign the switching states. Simulation and hardware-in-the-loop results are provided to validate the functionality of the proposed SVPWM. The hardware resource used on the field-programmable gate array module is adopted as a criterion to compare the proposed method with one of the conventional SVPWMs. This article is accompanied by MATLAB simulation files, for a three-level and a five-level inverter, provided by the authors as supplementary material.
{"title":"A Simplified Multilevel Space Vector Pulsewidth Modulation (SVPWM) Based on Boundary Lines, Including Overmodulation Zone","authors":"Amir Ostadrahimi;Stefano Bifaretti","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3289094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3289094","url":null,"abstract":"Space vector pulsewidth modulation (SVPWM) is a superior switching technique offering several benefits for power electronic inverters. However, concerning multilevel inverters (MLIs), implementing SVPWM is a demanding and time-consuming task because it deals with the six sectors of the space vector modulation (SVM) plane and numerous regions and vectors. Several research works in the literature tried to simplify SVPWM implementation for MLIs. This article introduces an SVPWM strategy, aiming to simplify the designing process and reduce the computational burden of the multilevel SVPWM. In this method, the switching process is designed only for the first sector of the SVM plane. The duty cycles and the switching states of the other sectors are assigned by transferring and translating techniques. The proposed method only uses basic algebraic functions in order to save the limited hardware resources of the processor. The same basic functions are used to handle overmodulation operations. This method introduces the boundary lines concept, which is a useful tool to detect the region and assign the switching states. Simulation and hardware-in-the-loop results are provided to validate the functionality of the proposed SVPWM. The hardware resource used on the field-programmable gate array module is adopted as a criterion to compare the proposed method with one of the conventional SVPWMs. This article is accompanied by MATLAB simulation files, for a three-level and a five-level inverter, provided by the authors as supplementary material.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"215-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10164229.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3284717
Shen Zhang;Oliver Wallscheid;Mario Porrmann
This review article systematically summarizes the existing literature on utilizing machine learning (ML) techniques for the control and monitoring of electric machine drives. It is anticipated that with the rapid progress in learning algorithms and specialized embedded hardware platforms, ML-based data-driven approaches will become standard tools for the automated high-performance control and monitoring of electric drives. In addition, this article also provides some outlook toward promoting its widespread application in the industry with a focus on deploying ML algorithms onto embedded system-on-chip field-programmable gate array devices.
{"title":"Machine Learning for the Control and Monitoring of Electric Machine Drives: Advances and Trends","authors":"Shen Zhang;Oliver Wallscheid;Mario Porrmann","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3284717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3284717","url":null,"abstract":"This review article systematically summarizes the existing literature on utilizing machine learning (ML) techniques for the control and monitoring of electric machine drives. It is anticipated that with the rapid progress in learning algorithms and specialized embedded hardware platforms, ML-based data-driven approaches will become standard tools for the automated high-performance control and monitoring of electric drives. In addition, this article also provides some outlook toward promoting its widespread application in the industry with a focus on deploying ML algorithms onto embedded system-on-chip field-programmable gate array devices.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"188-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10147346.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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