Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307414
Giovanna Oriti;Alexander L. Julian;Matthew P. Storm;Daniel P. DeToma;Norma Anglani
This article addresses the new pulsed power load requirements for shipboard power systems introduced in the 2018 revision of the Military Standard 1399 Section 300, Part 1. With the number of pulsed loads increasing onboard modern ships, the ac distribution bus is susceptible to voltage and frequency abnormalities due to the limited inertia of the synchronous generators powering the ship. In this article, the strict limits imposed by the Military Standard 1399 are met with a system-level solution and a novel sizing method for the energy storage system (ESS). A targeted control system ensures that the power delivered by the ac bus has smooth transients, within the limits set by the military standard, thus reducing the stress on the shipboard power distribution system and the generators. A novel ESS sizing algorithm is proposed to identify the minimum number of supercapacitors for a given set of control parameters. The proposed control system is simulated and experimentally validated on a laboratory testbed built with silicon carbide (SiC) power converters managed by field programmable gate array (FPGA) control boards.
{"title":"Shipboard Control System Supported by Energy Storage Sizing to Meet the MIL-STD-1399 Limits for Pulsed Power Loads","authors":"Giovanna Oriti;Alexander L. Julian;Matthew P. Storm;Daniel P. DeToma;Norma Anglani","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3307414","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the new pulsed power load requirements for shipboard power systems introduced in the 2018 revision of the Military Standard 1399 Section 300, Part 1. With the number of pulsed loads increasing onboard modern ships, the ac distribution bus is susceptible to voltage and frequency abnormalities due to the limited inertia of the synchronous generators powering the ship. In this article, the strict limits imposed by the Military Standard 1399 are met with a system-level solution and a novel sizing method for the energy storage system (ESS). A targeted control system ensures that the power delivered by the ac bus has smooth transients, within the limits set by the military standard, thus reducing the stress on the shipboard power distribution system and the generators. A novel ESS sizing algorithm is proposed to identify the minimum number of supercapacitors for a given set of control parameters. The proposed control system is simulated and experimentally validated on a laboratory testbed built with silicon carbide (SiC) power converters managed by field programmable gate array (FPGA) control boards.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"279-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10226335.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3296436
Soo Hyoung Lee;Donghee Choi;Seung-Mook Baek
The increase in renewable-energy-based generations, such as photovoltaic and wind turbines, inevitably leads to an increase in the number and capacity of inverters connected to the power system. This also increases the voltage on the inverter-connected and adjacent buses. By absorbing reactive power appropriately, it can suppress excessive voltage and increase the potential capacity of real power. Currently, most inverters connected to the power grid are set up in a way that does not involve adjusting the voltage at the point of connection. This means that the inverter controller's limiter settings have not significantly impacted the system's stability after a fault. This article examines the impact of reactive power absorption on grid-connected inverters’ stability and limiter values’ effects on stability. Additionally, to set the limiter values for a convenient inverter controller, the causes of instability are explained in a phasor diagram, and a method for setting the limiter values using this information is explained. The stability impact analysis and limiter value setting are carried out through accurate EMT model-based simulations. The infinite bus with the equivalent impedance is used for the stability analysis and limiter values setting, and the determined values are verified on the real power system. The simulation is conducted using the power system computer-aided design and electromagnetic transient including dc.
{"title":"A Practical Approach to Determine Limiter Values of Inverter Control to Maximize Renewable Energy Penetration","authors":"Soo Hyoung Lee;Donghee Choi;Seung-Mook Baek","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3296436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3296436","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in renewable-energy-based generations, such as photovoltaic and wind turbines, inevitably leads to an increase in the number and capacity of inverters connected to the power system. This also increases the voltage on the inverter-connected and adjacent buses. By absorbing reactive power appropriately, it can suppress excessive voltage and increase the potential capacity of real power. Currently, most inverters connected to the power grid are set up in a way that does not involve adjusting the voltage at the point of connection. This means that the inverter controller's limiter settings have not significantly impacted the system's stability after a fault. This article examines the impact of reactive power absorption on grid-connected inverters’ stability and limiter values’ effects on stability. Additionally, to set the limiter values for a convenient inverter controller, the causes of instability are explained in a phasor diagram, and a method for setting the limiter values using this information is explained. The stability impact analysis and limiter value setting are carried out through accurate EMT model-based simulations. The infinite bus with the equivalent impedance is used for the stability analysis and limiter values setting, and the determined values are verified on the real power system. The simulation is conducted using the power system computer-aided design and electromagnetic transient including dc.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"317-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10185630.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50350923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-06DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3293059
Mariam Saeed;Fernando Briz;Juan Manuel Guerrero;Igor Larrazabal;David Ortega;Victor Lopez;Juan Jose Valera
Governments have recently been dedicating relevant funds to cope up with the inevitable transition to sustainable mobility aiming for a greener transportation sector. This scenario is backed up by the deteriorating global energy crisis, which is predicted to hasten the transition to sustainable energy. Focus has been given to railway systems being globally considered as a tractor project for promoting the use of green and renewable energy by helping build the required infrastructure. As a result, a high tendency for integrating onboard energy storage systems in trains is being observed worldwide. This article provides a detailed review of onboard railway systems with energy storage devices. In-service trains as well as relevant prototypes are presented, and their characteristics are analyzed. A comprehensive study of the traction system structure of these vehicles is introduced providing an overview of all the converter architectures used, categorized based on the type of onboard energy storage device on the train. The current situation of hydrogen fuel cells in railway systems is presented as well, highlighting consistent tendencies. This article also provides a glimpse into commercial battery and fuel cell products used on operating trains.
{"title":"Onboard Energy Storage Systems for Railway: Present and Trends","authors":"Mariam Saeed;Fernando Briz;Juan Manuel Guerrero;Igor Larrazabal;David Ortega;Victor Lopez;Juan Jose Valera","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3293059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3293059","url":null,"abstract":"Governments have recently been dedicating relevant funds to cope up with the inevitable transition to sustainable mobility aiming for a greener transportation sector. This scenario is backed up by the deteriorating global energy crisis, which is predicted to hasten the transition to sustainable energy. Focus has been given to railway systems being globally considered as a tractor project for promoting the use of green and renewable energy by helping build the required infrastructure. As a result, a high tendency for integrating onboard energy storage systems in trains is being observed worldwide. This article provides a detailed review of onboard railway systems with energy storage devices. In-service trains as well as relevant prototypes are presented, and their characteristics are analyzed. A comprehensive study of the traction system structure of these vehicles is introduced providing an overview of all the converter architectures used, categorized based on the type of onboard energy storage device on the train. The current situation of hydrogen fuel cells in railway systems is presented as well, highlighting consistent tendencies. This article also provides a glimpse into commercial battery and fuel cell products used on operating trains.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"238-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10174620.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3291637
Li Yang;Yuxuan Liu;Wensong Yu;Iqbal Husain
This article develops a recurrent neural network (RNN) with an encoder–decoder structure to predict the driving sequence of SiC MOSFET active gate drivers (AGDs). With a set of switching targets as the input, the predictor generates an optimal active gate driving sequence to improve the switching transient. The development is based on a hybrid platform across MATLAB, PyTorch, and LTspice. A high-fidelity switching model is implemented in MATLAB to obtain reliable training data. The sequence predictor is trained with PyTorch. The predicted sequence is verified on an example Buck circuit in LTspice. In contrast to the state-of-the-art approach, the proposed method avoids exhaustive search in a large solution space; the sequence length is dynamically predicted per the driving strength at each step. The AGD sequences generated by the predictor effectively and precisely improve the switching transients, making the proposed sequence predictor an integral and valuable component for active gate driving.
{"title":"Sequence Prediction for SiC MOSFET Active Gate Driving With a Recurrent Neural Network","authors":"Li Yang;Yuxuan Liu;Wensong Yu;Iqbal Husain","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3291637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3291637","url":null,"abstract":"This article develops a recurrent neural network (RNN) with an encoder–decoder structure to predict the driving sequence of SiC MOSFET active gate drivers (AGDs). With a set of switching targets as the input, the predictor generates an optimal active gate driving sequence to improve the switching transient. The development is based on a hybrid platform across MATLAB, PyTorch, and LTspice. A high-fidelity switching model is implemented in MATLAB to obtain reliable training data. The sequence predictor is trained with PyTorch. The predicted sequence is verified on an example Buck circuit in LTspice. In contrast to the state-of-the-art approach, the proposed method avoids exhaustive search in a large solution space; the sequence length is dynamically predicted per the driving strength at each step. The AGD sequences generated by the predictor effectively and precisely improve the switching transients, making the proposed sequence predictor an integral and valuable component for active gate driving.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10171405.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3289094
Amir Ostadrahimi;Stefano Bifaretti
Space vector pulsewidth modulation (SVPWM) is a superior switching technique offering several benefits for power electronic inverters. However, concerning multilevel inverters (MLIs), implementing SVPWM is a demanding and time-consuming task because it deals with the six sectors of the space vector modulation (SVM) plane and numerous regions and vectors. Several research works in the literature tried to simplify SVPWM implementation for MLIs. This article introduces an SVPWM strategy, aiming to simplify the designing process and reduce the computational burden of the multilevel SVPWM. In this method, the switching process is designed only for the first sector of the SVM plane. The duty cycles and the switching states of the other sectors are assigned by transferring and translating techniques. The proposed method only uses basic algebraic functions in order to save the limited hardware resources of the processor. The same basic functions are used to handle overmodulation operations. This method introduces the boundary lines concept, which is a useful tool to detect the region and assign the switching states. Simulation and hardware-in-the-loop results are provided to validate the functionality of the proposed SVPWM. The hardware resource used on the field-programmable gate array module is adopted as a criterion to compare the proposed method with one of the conventional SVPWMs. This article is accompanied by MATLAB simulation files, for a three-level and a five-level inverter, provided by the authors as supplementary material.
{"title":"A Simplified Multilevel Space Vector Pulsewidth Modulation (SVPWM) Based on Boundary Lines, Including Overmodulation Zone","authors":"Amir Ostadrahimi;Stefano Bifaretti","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3289094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3289094","url":null,"abstract":"Space vector pulsewidth modulation (SVPWM) is a superior switching technique offering several benefits for power electronic inverters. However, concerning multilevel inverters (MLIs), implementing SVPWM is a demanding and time-consuming task because it deals with the six sectors of the space vector modulation (SVM) plane and numerous regions and vectors. Several research works in the literature tried to simplify SVPWM implementation for MLIs. This article introduces an SVPWM strategy, aiming to simplify the designing process and reduce the computational burden of the multilevel SVPWM. In this method, the switching process is designed only for the first sector of the SVM plane. The duty cycles and the switching states of the other sectors are assigned by transferring and translating techniques. The proposed method only uses basic algebraic functions in order to save the limited hardware resources of the processor. The same basic functions are used to handle overmodulation operations. This method introduces the boundary lines concept, which is a useful tool to detect the region and assign the switching states. Simulation and hardware-in-the-loop results are provided to validate the functionality of the proposed SVPWM. The hardware resource used on the field-programmable gate array module is adopted as a criterion to compare the proposed method with one of the conventional SVPWMs. This article is accompanied by MATLAB simulation files, for a three-level and a five-level inverter, provided by the authors as supplementary material.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"215-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10164229.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-09DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3284717
Shen Zhang;Oliver Wallscheid;Mario Porrmann
This review article systematically summarizes the existing literature on utilizing machine learning (ML) techniques for the control and monitoring of electric machine drives. It is anticipated that with the rapid progress in learning algorithms and specialized embedded hardware platforms, ML-based data-driven approaches will become standard tools for the automated high-performance control and monitoring of electric drives. In addition, this article also provides some outlook toward promoting its widespread application in the industry with a focus on deploying ML algorithms onto embedded system-on-chip field-programmable gate array devices.
{"title":"Machine Learning for the Control and Monitoring of Electric Machine Drives: Advances and Trends","authors":"Shen Zhang;Oliver Wallscheid;Mario Porrmann","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3284717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3284717","url":null,"abstract":"This review article systematically summarizes the existing literature on utilizing machine learning (ML) techniques for the control and monitoring of electric machine drives. It is anticipated that with the rapid progress in learning algorithms and specialized embedded hardware platforms, ML-based data-driven approaches will become standard tools for the automated high-performance control and monitoring of electric drives. In addition, this article also provides some outlook toward promoting its widespread application in the industry with a focus on deploying ML algorithms onto embedded system-on-chip field-programmable gate array devices.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"188-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10147346.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3266882
Daniel Dos Santos Mota;Joseph Kiran Banda;Ayotunde Adekunle Adeyemo;Elisabetta Tedeschi
Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) is an experimental technique that uses power amplifiers and real-time simulators for studying the dynamics of power electronic converters and electrical grids. Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) tests provide the means for functional validation of advanced control algorithms without the burden of building high-power prototypes during early technology readiness levels. However, replicating the behavior of high-power systems with laboratory scaled-down converters (SDCs) can be complex. Inaccurate scaling of the SDCs coupled with an exclusive focus on instantaneous voltages and currents at the fundamental frequency can lead to PHIL results that are only partially relatable to the high-power systems under study. Test beds that fail to represent switching frequency harmonics cannot be used for studying harmonic penetration or loss characterization of large-scale converters. To tackle this issue, this article proposes a harmonic-invariant scaling method that exploits the volt-ampere rating of preexisting laboratory SDCs for more accurately replicating harmonic phenomena in a PHIL test bench. First, a theoretical analysis of the proposed method is presented and, subsequently, the method is validated with MATLAB simulations and experimental tests.
{"title":"Harmonic-Invariant Scaling Method for Power Electronic Converters in Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Test Beds","authors":"Daniel Dos Santos Mota;Joseph Kiran Banda;Ayotunde Adekunle Adeyemo;Elisabetta Tedeschi","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3266882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3266882","url":null,"abstract":"Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) is an experimental technique that uses power amplifiers and real-time simulators for studying the dynamics of power electronic converters and electrical grids. Power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) tests provide the means for functional validation of advanced control algorithms without the burden of building high-power prototypes during early technology readiness levels. However, replicating the behavior of high-power systems with laboratory scaled-down converters (SDCs) can be complex. Inaccurate scaling of the SDCs coupled with an exclusive focus on instantaneous voltages and currents at the fundamental frequency can lead to PHIL results that are only partially relatable to the high-power systems under study. Test beds that fail to represent switching frequency harmonics cannot be used for studying harmonic penetration or loss characterization of large-scale converters. To tackle this issue, this article proposes a harmonic-invariant scaling method that exploits the volt-ampere rating of preexisting laboratory SDCs for more accurately replicating harmonic phenomena in a PHIL test bench. First, a theoretical analysis of the proposed method is presented and, subsequently, the method is validated with MATLAB simulations and experimental tests.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"139-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10101823.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50350794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3264651
Juan Domínguez-Jiménez;Nilson Henao;Kodjo Agbossou;Alejandro Parrado;Javier Campillo;Shaival H. Nagarsheth
Demand response and distributed energy storage play a crucial role in improving the efficiency and reliability of electric grids. This article describes a strategy for optimally integrating distributed energy storage units within a forward market to address space heating demand under a Stackelberg game in isolated microgrids. The proposed strategy performs distributed management in an offline fashion through proximal decomposition methods. It leverages stochastic programming to consider user flexibility degree and wind power generation uncertainties. Also, flexibility for demand response is realized through electric thermal storage (ETS). The performance of the proposed strategy is evaluated via simulation studies carried out through a case study in Kuujjuaq, Quebec. Ten residential agents compose the demand side, each with flexibility levels and economic preferences. The simulation results show that adapting ETS results in economic savings for the customers. Those benefits increased in the presence of wind power, from 25% to 40% on average. Likewise, coordinated strategies led the coordinator to obtain reduced operational costs and peak-to-average ratio by over 35% and 56%, respectively. The proposed approach reveals that optimal coordination of ETS in the presence of dynamic tariffs can reduce diesel consumption, maximize renewable production and reduce grid stress.
{"title":"A Stochastic Approach to Integrating Electrical Thermal Storage in Distributed Demand Response for Nordic Communities With Wind Power Generation","authors":"Juan Domínguez-Jiménez;Nilson Henao;Kodjo Agbossou;Alejandro Parrado;Javier Campillo;Shaival H. Nagarsheth","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3264651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3264651","url":null,"abstract":"Demand response and distributed energy storage play a crucial role in improving the efficiency and reliability of electric grids. This article describes a strategy for optimally integrating distributed energy storage units within a forward market to address space heating demand under a Stackelberg game in isolated microgrids. The proposed strategy performs distributed management in an offline fashion through proximal decomposition methods. It leverages stochastic programming to consider user flexibility degree and wind power generation uncertainties. Also, flexibility for demand response is realized through electric thermal storage (ETS). The performance of the proposed strategy is evaluated via simulation studies carried out through a case study in Kuujjuaq, Quebec. Ten residential agents compose the demand side, each with flexibility levels and economic preferences. The simulation results show that adapting ETS results in economic savings for the customers. Those benefits increased in the presence of wind power, from 25% to 40% on average. Likewise, coordinated strategies led the coordinator to obtain reduced operational costs and peak-to-average ratio by over 35% and 56%, respectively. The proposed approach reveals that optimal coordination of ETS in the presence of dynamic tariffs can reduce diesel consumption, maximize renewable production and reduce grid stress.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"121-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10093061.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50350793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3263182
Georges Zissis;Paolo Bertoldi
Research and development over the last century have historically concentrated on improving one specific aspect of energy efficiency. The market penetration rate for systems using solid-state light sources is currently between 40 and 45 percent, and it is rising. This article provides an update on the state of lighting technology based on the compilation of more than 160 recent documents. The only widespread use of solid-state lighting sources over the next years might help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 500 Mtn per year and decrease electrical energy utilization for illumination by up to 4% by 2030. But this forecast could be severely affected by the “rebound effect.” Switching to the SSL 2 concept, which consists of sustainable smart lighting systems based on solid-state lighting devices, might be one way to stop that harmful effect. Smart, human-centered lighting that incorporates light quality is driven by “appliance efficiency.” This merely suggests that the “Right Light” should be provided by next-generation lighting systems with the best levels of quality and efficiency when and where it is needed.
{"title":"A Review of Advances in Lighting Systems’ Technology—The Way Toward Lighting 4.0 Era","authors":"Georges Zissis;Paolo Bertoldi","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3263182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3263182","url":null,"abstract":"Research and development over the last century have historically concentrated on improving one specific aspect of energy efficiency. The market penetration rate for systems using solid-state light sources is currently between 40 and 45 percent, and it is rising. This article provides an update on the state of lighting technology based on the compilation of more than 160 recent documents. The only widespread use of solid-state lighting sources over the next years might help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 500 Mtn per year and decrease electrical energy utilization for illumination by up to 4% by 2030. But this forecast could be severely affected by the “rebound effect.” Switching to the SSL\u0000<sup>2</sup>\u0000 concept, which consists of sustainable smart lighting systems based on solid-state lighting devices, might be one way to stop that harmful effect. Smart, human-centered lighting that incorporates light quality is driven by “appliance efficiency.” This merely suggests that the “Right Light” should be provided by next-generation lighting systems with the best levels of quality and efficiency when and where it is needed.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10087336.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50350792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3279776
Tabish Nazir Mir;Bhim Singh;Abdul Hamid Bhat;Marco Rivera;Patrick Wheeler
This article presents an alternative ac–ac converter topology and its control for low-speed three-phase induction motor drives fed from single-phase ac mains. The proposed matrix converter based drive system eliminates the dc link capacitor, thus facilitating high power density and system reliability. The primary challenge in controlling a $1phi$ to $3phi$ matrix converter is to navigate the discrepancy of instantaneous power across the $1phi$ grid and $3phi$ load via a direct ac–ac converter. In order to address this concern, it is proposed to use mathematical modeling of the motor and input LC filter for state selection, in order to deliver improved current waveforms. Enhanced performance is demonstrated through simulations, and further validated using experimental results. Particularly improved power quality performance is achieved at low motor speeds, where precise low-speed sensorless operation is ensured through suitable speed observer.
{"title":"Single-Phase Mains Fed Three-Phase Induction Motor Drive Using Improved Power Quality Direct AC–AC Converter","authors":"Tabish Nazir Mir;Bhim Singh;Abdul Hamid Bhat;Marco Rivera;Patrick Wheeler","doi":"10.1109/OJIA.2023.3279776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2023.3279776","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an alternative ac–ac converter topology and its control for low-speed three-phase induction motor drives fed from single-phase ac mains. The proposed matrix converter based drive system eliminates the dc link capacitor, thus facilitating high power density and system reliability. The primary challenge in controlling a \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$1phi$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 to \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$3phi$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 matrix converter is to navigate the discrepancy of instantaneous power across the \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$1phi$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 grid and \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$3phi$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 load via a direct ac–ac converter. In order to address this concern, it is proposed to use mathematical modeling of the motor and input \u0000<italic>LC</i>\u0000 filter for state selection, in order to deliver improved current waveforms. Enhanced performance is demonstrated through simulations, and further validated using experimental results. Particularly improved power quality performance is achieved at low motor speeds, where precise low-speed sensorless operation is ensured through suitable speed observer.","PeriodicalId":100629,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications","volume":"4 ","pages":"178-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/8782707/10008994/10132529.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50352166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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