The reliability of energy systems is strongly influenced by the prevailing climate conditions. With the increasing prevalence of renewable energy sources, the interdependence between energy and climate systems has become even stronger. This study examines the impact of different spatial resolutions in climate modeling on energy grid reliability assessment, with the Texas interconnection between 2033 and 2043 serving as a pilot case study. Our preliminary findings indicate that while low-resolution climate simulations can provide a rough estimate of system reliability, high-resolution simulations can provide more informative assessment of low-adequacy extreme events. Furthermore, both high- and low-resolution assessments suggest the need to prepare for severe blackout events in winter due to extremely low temperatures.
{"title":"Impact of climate simulation resolutions on future energy system reliability assessment: A Texas case study","authors":"Xiangtian Zheng;Le Xie;Kiyeob Lee;Dan Fu;Jiahan Wu","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0014","url":null,"abstract":"The reliability of energy systems is strongly influenced by the prevailing climate conditions. With the increasing prevalence of renewable energy sources, the interdependence between energy and climate systems has become even stronger. This study examines the impact of different spatial resolutions in climate modeling on energy grid reliability assessment, with the Texas interconnection between 2033 and 2043 serving as a pilot case study. Our preliminary findings indicate that while low-resolution climate simulations can provide a rough estimate of system reliability, high-resolution simulations can provide more informative assessment of low-adequacy extreme events. Furthermore, both high- and low-resolution assessments suggest the need to prepare for severe blackout events in winter due to extremely low temperatures.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 3","pages":"222-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71903500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerous countries worldwide have committed to the decarbonization of their economies. These countries include both developed nations such as the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union member states, as well as recently developed nations like China. A commonly adopted strategy among these countries involves initiating the decar-bonization process within the power sector. This adoption is primarily motivated by two factors: first, the existence of well-established low-carbon power supply technologies, such as wind and solar PV second, the potential for extensive electrification of fossil fuel energy demand through rapidly advancing technologies, such as electric vehicles and heat pumps. Thus, decarbonizing the power sector represents the most logical starting point in the journey toward a low-carbon future.
{"title":"Transit cost effectively to a secure decarbonized energy system","authors":"Qingyu Xu;Jing Dai","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous countries worldwide have committed to the decarbonization of their economies. These countries include both developed nations such as the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union member states, as well as recently developed nations like China. A commonly adopted strategy among these countries involves initiating the decar-bonization process within the power sector. This adoption is primarily motivated by two factors: first, the existence of well-established low-carbon power supply technologies, such as wind and solar PV second, the potential for extensive electrification of fossil fuel energy demand through rapidly advancing technologies, such as electric vehicles and heat pumps. Thus, decarbonizing the power sector represents the most logical starting point in the journey toward a low-carbon future.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 2","pages":"89-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/9732629/10185633/10185637.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50320098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The second issue of iEnergy in 2023, which published ten papers, including two news and views, two highlights, one letter, three review articles, and two original research articles.
{"title":"Increasing the utilization efficiency of electrical power energy","authors":"","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0021","url":null,"abstract":"The second issue of iEnergy in 2023, which published ten papers, including two news and views, two highlights, one letter, three review articles, and two original research articles.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 2","pages":"85-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/9732629/10185633/10185927.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50320096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On June 2, 2023, the China Electric Power Planning & Engineering Institute hosted the launch of the “New Power System Development Blue Book” (hereinafter referred to as the “Blue Book”) in Beijing sponsored by the National Energy Administration. The “Blue Book” comprehen-sivelyexpounds the development concept and connotative characteristics of the new power system, formulates a “three-step” development path, and proposes the overall structure and key tasks of building a new power system. Yu Bing, a member of a group and deputy director of the National Energy Administration, delivered a speech at the meet. In addition, Huang Xuenong, the supervisory director of the National Energy Administration, released the “Blue Book.”
{"title":"The National Energy Administration organized the release of the “Blue Book on the Development of New Power Systems”","authors":"","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0017","url":null,"abstract":"On June 2, 2023, the China Electric Power Planning & Engineering Institute hosted the launch of the “New Power System Development Blue Book” (hereinafter referred to as the “Blue Book”) in Beijing sponsored by the National Energy Administration. The “Blue Book” comprehen-sivelyexpounds the development concept and connotative characteristics of the new power system, formulates a “three-step” development path, and proposes the overall structure and key tasks of building a new power system. Yu Bing, a member of a group and deputy director of the National Energy Administration, delivered a speech at the meet. In addition, Huang Xuenong, the supervisory director of the National Energy Administration, released the “Blue Book.”","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 2","pages":"87-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/9732629/10185633/10185636.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50320097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The widespread use of distributed energy sources provides exciting potential for demand-side energy sharing and collective self-consumption schemes. Demand-side energy sharing and collective self-consumption systems are committed to coordinating the operation of distributed generation, energy storage, and load demand. Recently, with the development of Internet technology, sharing economy is rapidly penetrating various fields. The application of sharing economy in the energy sector enables more and more end-users to participate in energy transactions. However, the deployment of energy sharing technologies poses many challenges. This paper comprehensively reviews recent developments in demand-side energy sharing and collective self-consumption schemes. The definition and classification of sharing economy are presented, with a focus on the applications in the energy sector: virtual power plants, peer-to-peer energy trading, shared energy storage, and microgrid energy sharing cloud. Challenges and future research directions are thoroughly discussed.
{"title":"Review of demand-side energy sharing and collective self-consumption schemes in future power systems","authors":"Jizhong Zhu;Shenglin Li;Alberto Borghetti;Jing Lan;Hong Li;Taiheng Guo","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread use of distributed energy sources provides exciting potential for demand-side energy sharing and collective self-consumption schemes. Demand-side energy sharing and collective self-consumption systems are committed to coordinating the operation of distributed generation, energy storage, and load demand. Recently, with the development of Internet technology, sharing economy is rapidly penetrating various fields. The application of sharing economy in the energy sector enables more and more end-users to participate in energy transactions. However, the deployment of energy sharing technologies poses many challenges. This paper comprehensively reviews recent developments in demand-side energy sharing and collective self-consumption schemes. The definition and classification of sharing economy are presented, with a focus on the applications in the energy sector: virtual power plants, peer-to-peer energy trading, shared energy storage, and microgrid energy sharing cloud. Challenges and future research directions are thoroughly discussed.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 2","pages":"119-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/9732629/10185633/10185639.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50319971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingjing Liang;Jianzhong Zhu;Minfang Han;Xiufu Hua;Duruo Li;Meng Ni
In the context of carbon neutrality, conversion of CO 2 into CO is an effective way for negative carbon emission. Electrochemical reduction is a novel developed pathway, among which, solid oxide co-electrolysis technology is promising for its high efficiency and low electricity demand. Researches concerning the large-size cell and stack of application level are important. This review, targeting at the not yet fully understood reaction mechanism and the most concerning issue of durability, details the reported factors playing important roles in the reaction mechanism and durability of co-electrolysis. It is found that the operating conditions such as inlet mixtures and applied current significantly affect the reaction mechanism of co-electrolysis and the experiments on button cells can not reflect the real reaction mechanism on industrial-size cells. Besides, the durability test of large-size single cells and stacks at high current with high conversion rate and the potential of solid oxide co-electrolysis combing with intermittent renewable energy are also reviewed and demonstrated. Finally, an outlook for future exploration is also offered.
{"title":"The development of solid oxide co-electrolysis of H2O and CO2 on large-size cells and stacks","authors":"Jingjing Liang;Jianzhong Zhu;Minfang Han;Xiufu Hua;Duruo Li;Meng Ni","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0007","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of carbon neutrality, conversion of CO\u0000<inf>2</inf>\u0000 into CO is an effective way for negative carbon emission. Electrochemical reduction is a novel developed pathway, among which, solid oxide co-electrolysis technology is promising for its high efficiency and low electricity demand. Researches concerning the large-size cell and stack of application level are important. This review, targeting at the not yet fully understood reaction mechanism and the most concerning issue of durability, details the reported factors playing important roles in the reaction mechanism and durability of co-electrolysis. It is found that the operating conditions such as inlet mixtures and applied current significantly affect the reaction mechanism of co-electrolysis and the experiments on button cells can not reflect the real reaction mechanism on industrial-size cells. Besides, the durability test of large-size single cells and stacks at high current with high conversion rate and the potential of solid oxide co-electrolysis combing with intermittent renewable energy are also reviewed and demonstrated. Finally, an outlook for future exploration is also offered.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 2","pages":"109-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/9732629/10185633/10185640.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50319970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paradigm shift from a coal-based power system to a renewable-energy-based power system brings more challenges to the supply-demand balance of the grid. Distributed energy resources (DERs), which can provide operating reserve to the grid, are regarded as a promising solution to compensate for the power fluctuation of the renewable energy resources. Small-scale DERs can be aggregated as a virtual power plant (VPP), which is eligible to bid in the operating reserve market. Since the DERs usually belong to different entities, it is important to investigate the VPP operation framework that coordinates the DERs in a trusted manner. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-assisted operating reserve framework for VPPs that aggregates various DERs. Considering the heterogeneity of various DERs, we propose a unified reserve capacity evaluation method to facilitate the aggregation of DERs. By considering the mismatch between actual available reserve capacity and the estimated value, the performance of VPP in the operating reserve market is improved. A hardware-based experimental system is developed, and numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
{"title":"Blockchain-assisted virtual power plant framework for providing operating reserve with various distributed energy resources","authors":"Hongyi Li;Hongxun Hui;Hongcai Zhang","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0013","url":null,"abstract":"The paradigm shift from a coal-based power system to a renewable-energy-based power system brings more challenges to the supply-demand balance of the grid. Distributed energy resources (DERs), which can provide operating reserve to the grid, are regarded as a promising solution to compensate for the power fluctuation of the renewable energy resources. Small-scale DERs can be aggregated as a virtual power plant (VPP), which is eligible to bid in the operating reserve market. Since the DERs usually belong to different entities, it is important to investigate the VPP operation framework that coordinates the DERs in a trusted manner. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-assisted operating reserve framework for VPPs that aggregates various DERs. Considering the heterogeneity of various DERs, we propose a unified reserve capacity evaluation method to facilitate the aggregation of DERs. By considering the mismatch between actual available reserve capacity and the estimated value, the performance of VPP in the operating reserve market is improved. A hardware-based experimental system is developed, and numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 2","pages":"133-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/9732629/10185633/10185634.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50319967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Droplet-based triboelectric nanogenerator (D-TENG) using liquid -solid contact electrification has been widely studied for harvesting raindrop energy and ocean energy due to its unique ability to effectively reduce friction between solids and improve durability. In 2020, a new-generation D-TENG with a “transistor-like” structure was proposed, which first achieved ultra-high instantaneous power output(50 W/m 2 ). Subsequently, D-TENG has been rapidly developed and is widely used in ocean wave energy power generation and liquid-solid triboelectric power generation. Currently, although we have excellent D-TENGs to harvest energy from a single water droplet, but if multiple D-TENGs are simply connected in parallel for a large area usage, the output power of the whole power generation module will drop significantly due to the mutual influence between different individual generation units, which severely limits their applications in practice. Therefore, finding a reasonable topology to relieve the inherent constraints of D-TENGs is of great significance for realizing the large-scale raindrop energy harvesting.
{"title":"Scaling up blue energy harvesting: Transitioning from single generators to multiple generators","authors":"Zong Li;Bin Cao;Zhong Lin Wang","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0019","url":null,"abstract":"Droplet-based triboelectric nanogenerator (D-TENG) using liquid -solid contact electrification has been widely studied for harvesting raindrop energy and ocean energy due to its unique ability to effectively reduce friction between solids and improve durability. In 2020, a new-generation D-TENG with a “transistor-like” structure was proposed, which first achieved ultra-high instantaneous power output(50 W/m\u0000<sup>2</sup>\u0000). Subsequently, D-TENG has been rapidly developed and is widely used in ocean wave energy power generation and liquid-solid triboelectric power generation. Currently, although we have excellent D-TENGs to harvest energy from a single water droplet, but if multiple D-TENGs are simply connected in parallel for a large area usage, the output power of the whole power generation module will drop significantly due to the mutual influence between different individual generation units, which severely limits their applications in practice. Therefore, finding a reasonable topology to relieve the inherent constraints of D-TENGs is of great significance for realizing the large-scale raindrop energy harvesting.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 2","pages":"91-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/9732629/10185633/10185635.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50320099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green hydrogen can be produced by consuming surplus renewable generations. It can be injected into the natural gas networks, accelerating the decarbonization of energy systems. However, with the fluctuation of renewable energies, the gas composition in the gas network may change dramatically as the hydrogen injection fluctuates. The gas interchangeability may be adversely affected. To investigate the ability to defend the fluctuated hydrogen injection, this paper proposes a gas interchangeability resilience evaluation method for hydrogen-blended integrated electricity and gas systems (H-IEGS). First, gas interchangeability resilience is defined by proposing several novel metrics. Then, A two-stage gas interchangeability management scheme is proposed to accommodate the hydrogen injections. The steady-state optimal electricity and hydrogen-gas energy flow technique is performed first to obtain the desired operating state of the H-IEGS. Then, the dynamic gas composition tracking is implemented to calculate the real-time traveling of hydrogen contents in the gas network, and evaluate the time-varying gas interchangeability metrics. Moreover, to improve the computation efficiency, a self-adaptive linearization technique is proposed and embedded in the solution process of discretized partial derivative equations. Finally, an IEEE 24 bus reliability test system and Belgium natural gas system are used to validate the proposed method.
{"title":"Resilience of gas interchangeability in hydrogen-blended integrated electricity and gas systems: A transient approach with dynamic gas composition tracking","authors":"Sheng Wang;Hongxun Hui;Pierluigi Siano","doi":"10.23919/IEN.2023.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IEN.2023.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Green hydrogen can be produced by consuming surplus renewable generations. It can be injected into the natural gas networks, accelerating the decarbonization of energy systems. However, with the fluctuation of renewable energies, the gas composition in the gas network may change dramatically as the hydrogen injection fluctuates. The gas interchangeability may be adversely affected. To investigate the ability to defend the fluctuated hydrogen injection, this paper proposes a gas interchangeability resilience evaluation method for hydrogen-blended integrated electricity and gas systems (H-IEGS). First, gas interchangeability resilience is defined by proposing several novel metrics. Then, A two-stage gas interchangeability management scheme is proposed to accommodate the hydrogen injections. The steady-state optimal electricity and hydrogen-gas energy flow technique is performed first to obtain the desired operating state of the H-IEGS. Then, the dynamic gas composition tracking is implemented to calculate the real-time traveling of hydrogen contents in the gas network, and evaluate the time-varying gas interchangeability metrics. Moreover, to improve the computation efficiency, a self-adaptive linearization technique is proposed and embedded in the solution process of discretized partial derivative equations. Finally, an IEEE 24 bus reliability test system and Belgium natural gas system are used to validate the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":100648,"journal":{"name":"iEnergy","volume":"2 2","pages":"143-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/9732629/10185633/10185638.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50320101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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