Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.2.63
G. Sherwin
The role of the environment on calf productivity and disease has been highlighted on numerous occasions within the literature. A discussion around youngstock housing design was previously published by Jamie Robertson (2020) ; this article aims to complement its predecessor, focusing on the two issues commonly found in housed pre-weaned calves in the UK — bovine respiratory disease and suboptimal daily liveweight gains.
{"title":"Challenges of pre-weaning calf housing","authors":"G. Sherwin","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.2.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.2.63","url":null,"abstract":"The role of the environment on calf productivity and disease has been highlighted on numerous occasions within the literature. A discussion around youngstock housing design was previously published by Jamie Robertson (2020) ; this article aims to complement its predecessor, focusing on the two issues commonly found in housed pre-weaned calves in the UK — bovine respiratory disease and suboptimal daily liveweight gains.","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84933833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.2.53
R. Laven
{"title":"Welfare on farm and beyond","authors":"R. Laven","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.2.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"172 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76034389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.2.90
J. Crilly, B. Reilly, Phil Scott
Digit amputation is an appropriate surgical response to septic pedal arthritis and other infectious problems of the deep digital tissues that will not respond to medical therapy. It may be performed under local, regional or general anaesthesia. The preferred approach is transection of distal P1. The recovery period is 3–4 weeks, and animals may be retained in the flock or herd for several years post surgery.
{"title":"Digit amputation in small ruminants","authors":"J. Crilly, B. Reilly, Phil Scott","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.2.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.2.90","url":null,"abstract":"Digit amputation is an appropriate surgical response to septic pedal arthritis and other infectious problems of the deep digital tissues that will not respond to medical therapy. It may be performed under local, regional or general anaesthesia. The preferred approach is transection of distal P1. The recovery period is 3–4 weeks, and animals may be retained in the flock or herd for several years post surgery.","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86193374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.2.84
D. Harwood
Goats are ruminants, and many of the diseases and disease presentations encountered in practice, will be similar to those in sheep and cattle. There are some subtle differences however with Clostridium perfringens Type D as an example causing ‘pulpy kidney’ and ‘sudden death’ in lambs, presenting as acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea in goats. This article aims to address these differences.
{"title":"Laboratory testing and post-mortem lesion recognition in goats","authors":"D. Harwood","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.2.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.2.84","url":null,"abstract":"Goats are ruminants, and many of the diseases and disease presentations encountered in practice, will be similar to those in sheep and cattle. There are some subtle differences however with Clostridium perfringens Type D as an example causing ‘pulpy kidney’ and ‘sudden death’ in lambs, presenting as acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea in goats. This article aims to address these differences.","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"01 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86259679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.2.54
N. Bell
Digital dermatitis is one of the most common lesions causing lameness in dairy cattle, also affecting beef cattle and sheep. It is a highly infectious polymicrobial infection, with several species of treponeme implicated. Many treatments appear efficacious and given the animal appears the main reservoir of infection, there are strong arguments for proactive targeted treatment of cows with lesions leading to improved welfare, production and disease control. This article explores the antibacterial treatment options for digital dermatitis and some adjunctive therapies that can improve cure rates. Licensed topical antibiotics generally achieve a good outcome, but non-antibiotic alternatives may be preferable for ethical reasons and for chronic or mild lesions. There is a strong rationale for providing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce pain and inflammation associated with infections. Optimal bandaging technique is still poorly understood and despite the evidence, opinion remains deeply divided on their use.
{"title":"Latest concepts relevant to treatment of digital dermatitis in dairy cattle","authors":"N. Bell","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.2.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.2.54","url":null,"abstract":"Digital dermatitis is one of the most common lesions causing lameness in dairy cattle, also affecting beef cattle and sheep. It is a highly infectious polymicrobial infection, with several species of treponeme implicated. Many treatments appear efficacious and given the animal appears the main reservoir of infection, there are strong arguments for proactive targeted treatment of cows with lesions leading to improved welfare, production and disease control. This article explores the antibacterial treatment options for digital dermatitis and some adjunctive therapies that can improve cure rates. Licensed topical antibiotics generally achieve a good outcome, but non-antibiotic alternatives may be preferable for ethical reasons and for chronic or mild lesions. There is a strong rationale for providing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce pain and inflammation associated with infections. Optimal bandaging technique is still poorly understood and despite the evidence, opinion remains deeply divided on their use.","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72893786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.1.24
P. Orpin, D. Sibley, J. Hanks, N. Taylor
The National Johne's Management Plan (NJMP) is now a compulsory element of the Red Tractor Farm assurance scheme. Over 95% of UK dairy farms will need to undertake surveillance, risk assessments, and have a written veterinary control plan, and 70% of participants are utilising milk enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. To support the NJMP a new Johne's Progress Tracker has been developed that uses key outcome measures and drivers to provide new insights into Johne's disease (JD) development. Benchmark measures have been developed allowing for graphical comparison of all measures. The JD Tracker delivers a practical opportunity to help JD veterinary advisors to evaluate the reasons why their herds are succeeding or failing to control JD. The development of enhanced risk assessment tools is also essential to identify the expanded list of risks, and engaging the farmer with a successful JD control plan helps secure the farmer's prospects.
{"title":"The National Johne's Management Plan: using risk and data analysis to optimise Johne's control in dairy herds","authors":"P. Orpin, D. Sibley, J. Hanks, N. Taylor","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"The National Johne's Management Plan (NJMP) is now a compulsory element of the Red Tractor Farm assurance scheme. Over 95% of UK dairy farms will need to undertake surveillance, risk assessments, and have a written veterinary control plan, and 70% of participants are utilising milk enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. To support the NJMP a new Johne's Progress Tracker has been developed that uses key outcome measures and drivers to provide new insights into Johne's disease (JD) development. Benchmark measures have been developed allowing for graphical comparison of all measures. The JD Tracker delivers a practical opportunity to help JD veterinary advisors to evaluate the reasons why their herds are succeeding or failing to control JD. The development of enhanced risk assessment tools is also essential to identify the expanded list of risks, and engaging the farmer with a successful JD control plan helps secure the farmer's prospects.","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85193977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.1.34
W. Wapenaar, Liz Cresswell
In this article we invite farm veterinary surgeons to think beyond the traditional career path and evaluate how their skillset can contribute to animal health outside perceived boundaries.
在这篇文章中，我们邀请农场兽医跳出传统的职业道路，并评估他们的技能如何为动物健康做出贡献。
{"title":"Practice and beyond: different career paths as a farm vet","authors":"W. Wapenaar, Liz Cresswell","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.1.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.1.34","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we invite farm veterinary surgeons to think beyond the traditional career path and evaluate how their skillset can contribute to animal health outside perceived boundaries.","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88105575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.1.31
C. Lloyd, Mary Bawn
The Responsible use of Medicines in Agriculture Alliance (RUMA) hosted its fourth biennial conference, ‘The responsible use of veterinary medicines – UK and International perspectives’, online on Thursday 18th November 2021. A key event highlight was the incredible voluntary industry achievements to date which have helped to halve sales of antibiotics to treat UK farm animals and has seen the use of highest priority critically important antibiotics in animals reduce by 79% since 2014. The event covered the positive story of responsible use of medicines in UK farming; an introduction to the new RUMA organisation for companion animals and equine and its objectives; a look ahead to the UK animal medicines legislation; the international context for the responsible use of medicines; the story of the UK's high health and welfare standards in international trade discussions; a look ahead to the next challenges for responsible use of animal medicines.
{"title":"The responsible use of veterinary medicines – UK and international perspectives","authors":"C. Lloyd, Mary Bawn","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"The Responsible use of Medicines in Agriculture Alliance (RUMA) hosted its fourth biennial conference, ‘The responsible use of veterinary medicines – UK and International perspectives’, online on Thursday 18th November 2021. A key event highlight was the incredible voluntary industry achievements to date which have helped to halve sales of antibiotics to treat UK farm animals and has seen the use of highest priority critically important antibiotics in animals reduce by 79% since 2014. The event covered the positive story of responsible use of medicines in UK farming; an introduction to the new RUMA organisation for companion animals and equine and its objectives; a look ahead to the UK animal medicines legislation; the international context for the responsible use of medicines; the story of the UK's high health and welfare standards in international trade discussions; a look ahead to the next challenges for responsible use of animal medicines.","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83515447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.12968/live.2022.27.1.18
A. Macrae, R. Bragg, A. Corbishley
Nutritional management of beef cows during pregnancy is critical for both cow and calf health, as well as future fertility. Careful management of cow body condition throughout the year is vital to maintain good cow reproductive efficiency, as well as utilising body reserves during the winter to reduce feed costs. Regular body condition scoring is therefore key, and appropriate action should be taken with cows that are either too thin (below body condition score (BCS) 2.5) or too fat (over BCS 3.5). Forage analyses of grass silage is important for the assessment of forage stocks and appropriate supplementation. Metabolic profile blood testing of cows during the winter housing period for the assessment of energy, protein and mineral status can be a useful management tool to assess current nutritional status. This allows informed decisions to be made to correct nutritional problems before they harm cow and calf health, as well as future fertility.
{"title":"Feeding the pregnant beef cow","authors":"A. Macrae, R. Bragg, A. Corbishley","doi":"10.12968/live.2022.27.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2022.27.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Nutritional management of beef cows during pregnancy is critical for both cow and calf health, as well as future fertility. Careful management of cow body condition throughout the year is vital to maintain good cow reproductive efficiency, as well as utilising body reserves during the winter to reduce feed costs. Regular body condition scoring is therefore key, and appropriate action should be taken with cows that are either too thin (below body condition score (BCS) 2.5) or too fat (over BCS 3.5). Forage analyses of grass silage is important for the assessment of forage stocks and appropriate supplementation. Metabolic profile blood testing of cows during the winter housing period for the assessment of energy, protein and mineral status can be a useful management tool to assess current nutritional status. This allows informed decisions to be made to correct nutritional problems before they harm cow and calf health, as well as future fertility.","PeriodicalId":100879,"journal":{"name":"Livestock","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83482996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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