Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100376
Sultana Bedoura , ABM Habibullah, Md. Shohidul Islam, Md. Mahfuze Ahmed Mahin, Muhammad Taushif Anwar, Mahfuza Tahsin Shoily
With the global rise in multidrug-resistant bacteria, there is a critical need for sustainable antimicrobial agents. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized via plant extracts offer an eco-friendly and efficient approach, yet many phytochemical-rich plant sources remain underexplored. This study reports, for the first time, the green synthesis of AgNPs using Pandanus fascicularis (Keya) leaf extract—an indigenous coastal plant abundant in bioactive compounds. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, laser diffraction particle size analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confirming their nanoscale size (20–25 nm), spherical morphology, and good colloidal stability. The AgNPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with inhibition zones of 15 mm and 12 mm, respectively. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of nanoparticle formation, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on representative phytochemicals (gallic acid and D-glucose) interacting with Ag⁺. The computational results confirmed spontaneous complex formation via oxygen donor atoms, supported by vibrational shifts, frontier orbital interactions, and binding energy estimations. Atoms-in-molecules (AIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses further revealed weak but stabilizing Ag–O coordination with partial covalent character, particularly stronger in gallic acid. Although modeled using a simplified 1:1 metal–ligand framework, these insights support the dual role of phytochemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents in AgNP synthesis. Together, the experimental and computational findings demonstrate that P. fascicularis extract is a promising and sustainable source for green AgNP production, with potential antimicrobial and biomedical applications.
{"title":"Green synthesis and molecular-level mechanism of silver nanoparticles from Pandanus fascicularis (Keya) leaf extract with antibacterial activity","authors":"Sultana Bedoura , ABM Habibullah, Md. Shohidul Islam, Md. Mahfuze Ahmed Mahin, Muhammad Taushif Anwar, Mahfuza Tahsin Shoily","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the global rise in multidrug-resistant bacteria, there is a critical need for sustainable antimicrobial agents. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized via plant extracts offer an eco-friendly and efficient approach, yet many phytochemical-rich plant sources remain underexplored. This study reports, for the first time, the green synthesis of AgNPs using <em>Pandanus fascicularis</em> (Keya) leaf extract—an indigenous coastal plant abundant in bioactive compounds. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, laser diffraction particle size analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confirming their nanoscale size (20–25 nm), spherical morphology, and good colloidal stability. The AgNPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>, with inhibition zones of 15 mm and 12 mm, respectively. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of nanoparticle formation, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on representative phytochemicals (gallic acid and <span>D</span>-glucose) interacting with Ag⁺. The computational results confirmed spontaneous complex formation via oxygen donor atoms, supported by vibrational shifts, frontier orbital interactions, and binding energy estimations. Atoms-in-molecules (AIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses further revealed weak but stabilizing Ag–O coordination with partial covalent character, particularly stronger in gallic acid. Although modeled using a simplified 1:1 metal–ligand framework, these insights support the dual role of phytochemicals as reducing and stabilizing agents in AgNP synthesis. Together, the experimental and computational findings demonstrate that <em>P. fascicularis</em> extract is a promising and sustainable source for green AgNP production, with potential antimicrobial and biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100379
Pooja Patil , Narasimha Raghavendra , Latha M. S , Shashidhar
There are serious health and environmental hazards when toxic dyes from the textile industry are dumped into waterways. These dyes were not removed by conventional adsorbents. Therefore, the current study offers a novel method for creating environmentally friendly iron oxide nanoparticles using sapota leaves extract. The physical and chemical characteristics of iron oxide nanoparticles were analysed by utilizing a variety of instrumental techniques. Batch adsorption studies revealed the ideal conditions for eliminating Crystal Violet (C25 H 30 N 3 Cl) dye. With a pH of 10, 0.5 g of nanoparticles, 60 min of reaction time, 30 mg/L of dye, and 303 K of reaction temperature. The environmentally friendly iron oxide nanoparticles demonstrated successful removal of 93.90 % of Crystal Violet (CV) dye in the aqueous solution and the computed equilibrium adsorption capacity value (Qe) was 2.817 mg/g at optimal conditions. Isotherm studies showed that, the Langmuir isotherm model described the adsorption of crystal violet dye by environmentally benign iron oxide nanoparticles. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous. The adsorption of crystal violet dye onto environmentally friendly iron oxide nanoparticles was described by kinetic parameters that were determined to be a pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.9996). The CV adsorption methods suggested surface complexation, cation π-π interaction, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, and physical adsorption through various internal and surface moieties. Additionally, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was assessed, and it was shown that while higher temperatures will negatively affect % removal, the low temperature of 303 K is advantageous for % removal. The outcomes of the RSM model are consistent with the observations from the experiments. To analyze the associated adsorption mechanism, theoretically sophisticated models such as Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, fractional free volume (FFV), adsorption loading and isotherm were employed.
{"title":"Mechanistic study of iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized from sapota leaves extract for the removal of crystal violet from model industrial effluent: Experimental, simulation and RSM modelling","authors":"Pooja Patil , Narasimha Raghavendra , Latha M. S , Shashidhar","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are serious health and environmental hazards when toxic dyes from the textile industry are dumped into waterways. These dyes were not removed by conventional adsorbents. Therefore, the current study offers a novel method for creating environmentally friendly iron oxide nanoparticles using sapota leaves extract. The physical and chemical characteristics of iron oxide nanoparticles were analysed by utilizing a variety of instrumental techniques. Batch adsorption studies revealed the ideal conditions for eliminating Crystal Violet (C<sub>25</sub> H <sub>30</sub> N <sub>3</sub> Cl) dye. With a pH of 10, 0.5 g of nanoparticles, 60 min of reaction time, 30 mg/L of dye, and 303 K of reaction temperature. The environmentally friendly iron oxide nanoparticles demonstrated successful removal of 93.90 % of Crystal Violet (CV) dye in the aqueous solution and the computed equilibrium adsorption capacity value (Q<sub>e</sub>) was 2.817 mg/g at optimal conditions. Isotherm studies showed that, the Langmuir isotherm model described the adsorption of crystal violet dye by environmentally benign iron oxide nanoparticles. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous. The adsorption of crystal violet dye onto environmentally friendly iron oxide nanoparticles was described by kinetic parameters that were determined to be a pseudo-second-order model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9996). The CV adsorption methods suggested surface complexation, cation π-π interaction, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, and physical adsorption through various internal and surface moieties. Additionally, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was assessed, and it was shown that while higher temperatures will negatively affect % removal, the low temperature of 303 K is advantageous for % removal. The outcomes of the RSM model are consistent with the observations from the experiments. To analyze the associated adsorption mechanism, theoretically sophisticated models such as Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, fractional free volume (FFV), adsorption loading and isotherm were employed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100378
Pranav Ragavendra Shankar , Apsara Unni
Venoms from reptiles, amphibians, and arthropods represent a rich source of bioactive molecules with promising anticancer potential. Recent studies have highlighted the selective cytotoxicity of venom components including snake phospholipase A2 enzymes, scorpion peptides (chlorotoxin), and frog derived antimicrobial peptides against cancer cells. These molecules exert multifaceted effects, such as inducing apoptosis, inhibiting metastasis, and modulating the tumor microenvironment, thereby impairing tumor growth and progression. Advances in nanotechnology based delivery systems and peptide engineering have significantly improved the stability, bioavailability, and specificity of venom derived agents, enhancing their safety and therapeutic efficacy. Preclinical investigations demonstrate potent anticancer activity across multiple tumor models, and early clinical studies suggest translational potential. Current research continues to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying venom-mediated cytotoxicity, while formulation strategies and regulatory considerations are being optimized to facilitate clinical development. Future directions include the design of synthetic venom analogs, AI assisted drug discovery, and personalized medicine approaches, which collectively aim to harness the full therapeutic potential of venom peptides. By integrating natural bioactivity with modern biomedical technologies, venom derived compounds are emerging as a novel and promising avenue in the development of next-generation oncological therapeutics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of venom diversity, anticancer mechanisms, recent advances in formulation and delivery, and the challenges and opportunities for translating venom-based agents into clinical practice.
{"title":"Deadly cures: Unlocking anticancer potential of reptile, amphibian, and arthropod venoms through molecular innovation and nanotechnology","authors":"Pranav Ragavendra Shankar , Apsara Unni","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Venoms from reptiles, amphibians, and arthropods represent a rich source of bioactive molecules with promising anticancer potential. Recent studies have highlighted the selective cytotoxicity of venom components including snake phospholipase A2 enzymes, scorpion peptides (chlorotoxin), and frog derived antimicrobial peptides against cancer cells. These molecules exert multifaceted effects, such as inducing apoptosis, inhibiting metastasis, and modulating the tumor microenvironment, thereby impairing tumor growth and progression. Advances in nanotechnology based delivery systems and peptide engineering have significantly improved the stability, bioavailability, and specificity of venom derived agents, enhancing their safety and therapeutic efficacy. Preclinical investigations demonstrate potent anticancer activity across multiple tumor models, and early clinical studies suggest translational potential. Current research continues to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying venom-mediated cytotoxicity, while formulation strategies and regulatory considerations are being optimized to facilitate clinical development. Future directions include the design of synthetic venom analogs, AI assisted drug discovery, and personalized medicine approaches, which collectively aim to harness the full therapeutic potential of venom peptides. By integrating natural bioactivity with modern biomedical technologies, venom derived compounds are emerging as a novel and promising avenue in the development of next-generation oncological therapeutics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of venom diversity, anticancer mechanisms, recent advances in formulation and delivery, and the challenges and opportunities for translating venom-based agents into clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100373
Niharika Das , Subhraraj Panda , Manoj Kumar Praharaj
This study employs ultrasonic techniques within the temperature range of 298–328 K to examine the molecular interactions and structural dynamics of a novel PEG–ethanol–epoxy–TiO₂ nanocomposite system, which consists of 5 % (w/w) PEG-6000, 10 % (w/w) epoxy resin, and 2 % (w/w) TiO₂ nanoparticles. Thermoacoustic parameters, including free volume, available volume, molar volume, internal pressure, Rao’s constant, and Wada constant, were obtained through experimental measurements of ultrasonic velocity, viscosity, and density. The findings indicate that as temperature rises, there is a progressive increase in free volume, available volume, molar volume, Rao’s constant, and Wada constant, while internal pressure decreases. This suggests an enhancement in molecular mobility and a reduction in cohesive forces within the composite matrix. The uniform distribution of TiO₂ nanoparticles greatly enhances structural consistency and acoustic responsiveness, indicating robust interfacial interactions among PEG, ethanol, epoxy, and TiO₂ via hydrogen bonding and dipole–dipole mechanisms. The findings confirm that ultrasonic analysis demonstrates a high sensitivity to molecular rearrangements and thermal behavior in polymer nanocomposites. The optimized PEG–epoxy–TiO₂ formulation demonstrates significant potential for advanced coating applications, including thermally adaptable, UV-resistant, and acoustically responsive materials for biomedical and electronic devices.
{"title":"Ultrasonic investigation of PEG–Ethanol–Epoxy–TiO₂ nanocomposite: Insights into coating suitability via thermoacoustic parameters","authors":"Niharika Das , Subhraraj Panda , Manoj Kumar Praharaj","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs ultrasonic techniques within the temperature range of 298–328 K to examine the molecular interactions and structural dynamics of a novel PEG–ethanol–epoxy–TiO₂ nanocomposite system, which consists of 5 % (w/w) PEG-6000, 10 % (w/w) epoxy resin, and 2 % (w/w) TiO₂ nanoparticles. Thermoacoustic parameters, including free volume, available volume, molar volume, internal pressure, Rao’s constant, and Wada constant, were obtained through experimental measurements of ultrasonic velocity, viscosity, and density. The findings indicate that as temperature rises, there is a progressive increase in free volume, available volume, molar volume, Rao’s constant, and Wada constant, while internal pressure decreases. This suggests an enhancement in molecular mobility and a reduction in cohesive forces within the composite matrix. The uniform distribution of TiO₂ nanoparticles greatly enhances structural consistency and acoustic responsiveness, indicating robust interfacial interactions among PEG, ethanol, epoxy, and TiO₂ via hydrogen bonding and dipole–dipole mechanisms. The findings confirm that ultrasonic analysis demonstrates a high sensitivity to molecular rearrangements and thermal behavior in polymer nanocomposites. The optimized PEG–epoxy–TiO₂ formulation demonstrates significant potential for advanced coating applications, including thermally adaptable, UV-resistant, and acoustically responsive materials for biomedical and electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100374
Joni Das , Kabirul Islam Mollah , Debajit Dewan , Sourav Ghosh , Subrata Das , Mayukh Jana , Suman Sahu , Biplab Debnath , Anup Kumar Sahoo , Soma Jana
Background
A rich range of flora and animals that can adapt to terrestrial and marine habitats can be found in mangroves, which are regarded as hotspots for biodiversity. Among the resources developed to synthesize nanoparticles(NPs) using bioactive compounds, mangroves have attracted considerable attention due to their appealing properties: (i) biocompatibility, (ii) high surface area, (iii) non-toxicity, (iv) used as precursors for NPs synthesis, (v) act as reducing agents, (vi) possibility for green synthesis of NPs, (vii) eco-friendly, (viii) cost-efficient (ix) high porosity, (x) stable, and (xi) bio-friendly.
Purpose
This review presents different synthesis methods of mangrove-derived nanoparticles (MDNPs) from the methodological and mechanistic point of view. The enzymes are responsible for MDNP synthesis including nitrate reductase, nitrate-dependent reductases, and other enzymes, and the physicochemical behavior of MDNPs including drug loading, drug release, particle size, zeta potential, and stability are briefly discussed. This review also presents why mangroves have been chosen to design NPs in various biomedical applications.
Results and discussion
An important result is the environmental sustainability of MDNP synthesis. Utilizing mangrove extracts, roots (pneumatophores), or soils enables the synthesis of NPs without toxic chemicals, supporting green chemistry initiatives and scalability. MDNPs act as multifunctional agents in biomedical application, while adhering to sustainability and environmental safety principles. Novelty includes green synthesis using mangrove extracts/soils, natural bioreduction, environmentally friendly production, natural organic coatings. Challenges include scalability, polydispersity, heterogeneity, reproducibility, incomplete reactions, purification difficulties. Future promise includes biomedical applications, drug delivery, sustainable nanomedicine, therapeutic and environmental use.
Conclusion
Mangrove ecosystems offer a promising, environmentally friendly, and economically viable source for the green synthesis of NPs. The scientific value of MDNPs lies in their unique bioactive compound-based synthesis, environmentally friendly production, and diverse biomedical applications. Mangroves produce bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and other secondary metabolites, which serve as natural reducing and capping agents in the green synthesis of Ag-NPs and AuNPs. Their synthesis exploits natural biochemicals from mangrove plants, making them sustainable alternatives for biomedical, and pharmaceutical applications while supporting conservation of unique mangrove ecosystems.
{"title":"Mangrove-derived nanoparticles: A review of synthesis and biomedical applications","authors":"Joni Das , Kabirul Islam Mollah , Debajit Dewan , Sourav Ghosh , Subrata Das , Mayukh Jana , Suman Sahu , Biplab Debnath , Anup Kumar Sahoo , Soma Jana","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A rich range of flora and animals that can adapt to terrestrial and marine habitats can be found in mangroves, which are regarded as hotspots for biodiversity. Among the resources developed to synthesize nanoparticles(NPs) using bioactive compounds, mangroves have attracted considerable attention due to their appealing properties: (i) biocompatibility, (ii) high surface area, (iii) non-toxicity, (iv) used as precursors for NPs synthesis, (v) act as reducing agents, (vi) possibility for green synthesis of NPs, (vii) eco-friendly, (viii) cost-efficient (ix) high porosity, (x) stable, and (xi) bio-friendly.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This review presents different synthesis methods of mangrove-derived nanoparticles (MDNPs) from the methodological and mechanistic point of view. The enzymes are responsible for MDNP synthesis including nitrate reductase, nitrate-dependent reductases, and other enzymes, and the physicochemical behavior of MDNPs including drug loading, drug release, particle size, zeta potential, and stability are briefly discussed. This review also presents why mangroves have been chosen to design NPs in various biomedical applications.</div></div><div><h3>Results and discussion</h3><div>An important result is the environmental sustainability of MDNP synthesis. Utilizing mangrove extracts, roots (pneumatophores), or soils enables the synthesis of NPs without toxic chemicals, supporting green chemistry initiatives and scalability. MDNPs act as multifunctional agents in biomedical application, while adhering to sustainability and environmental safety principles. Novelty includes green synthesis using mangrove extracts/soils, natural bioreduction, environmentally friendly production, natural organic coatings. Challenges include scalability, polydispersity, heterogeneity, reproducibility, incomplete reactions, purification difficulties. Future promise includes biomedical applications, drug delivery, sustainable nanomedicine, therapeutic and environmental use.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Mangrove ecosystems offer a promising, environmentally friendly, and economically viable source for the green synthesis of NPs. The scientific value of MDNPs lies in their unique bioactive compound-based synthesis, environmentally friendly production, and diverse biomedical applications. Mangroves produce bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and other secondary metabolites, which serve as natural reducing and capping agents in the green synthesis of Ag-NPs and AuNPs. Their synthesis exploits natural biochemicals from mangrove plants, making them sustainable alternatives for biomedical, and pharmaceutical applications while supporting conservation of unique mangrove ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100368
Varsha Sahu, Sunit Kumar Sahoo
Quantum dots are one of the most developing semiconductor fluorescent nanoparticles, which are widely used in biomedical sciences. Their nano size, large surface area, biocompatibility, unique optical and physicochemical properties are appropriate for a various purposes including treatment, drug delivery, sensing, imaging and diagnosis. Till date, several researches performed on the properties and applications of quantum dots but there is very little evidence about their route of administration. In general, quantum dots are administered in the biological system through intravenous, intramuscular, and inhalation routes, but there is very little evidence of the percutaneous permeation of quantum dots, which limits their use in skin diseases. Drug delivery through the skin is a preferable route for the treatment of skin disease because it is non-invasive, avoid the first-pass metabolism effect, prevents the drug from enzymatic degradation, and provides targeted or sustainable release. Therefore, this review focuses on quantum dots and their percutaneous absorption within the skin. This study summarizes the percutaneous permeation and distribution of quantum dots via different pathways. It also includes available relevant articles that provide a new aspect to quantum dots and their delivery in the skin to facilitate medication therapy for several skin conditions, including psoriasis, eczema, inflammation, infections, wound healing, skin cancer, and cosmetology.
{"title":"Percutaneous permeation, distribution and absorption of quantum dots","authors":"Varsha Sahu, Sunit Kumar Sahoo","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantum dots are one of the most developing semiconductor fluorescent nanoparticles, which are widely used in biomedical sciences. Their nano size, large surface area, biocompatibility, unique optical and physicochemical properties are appropriate for a various purposes including treatment, drug delivery, sensing, imaging and diagnosis. Till date, several researches performed on the properties and applications of quantum dots but there is very little evidence about their route of administration. In general, quantum dots are administered in the biological system through intravenous, intramuscular, and inhalation routes, but there is very little evidence of the percutaneous permeation of quantum dots, which limits their use in skin diseases. Drug delivery through the skin is a preferable route for the treatment of skin disease because it is non-invasive, avoid the first-pass metabolism effect, prevents the drug from enzymatic degradation, and provides targeted or sustainable release. Therefore, this review focuses on quantum dots and their percutaneous absorption within the skin. This study summarizes the percutaneous permeation and distribution of quantum dots via different pathways. It also includes available relevant articles that provide a new aspect to quantum dots and their delivery in the skin to facilitate medication therapy for several skin conditions, including psoriasis, eczema, inflammation, infections, wound healing, skin cancer, and cosmetology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100375
Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid , Mohd Faridzuan Majid , Nur Ain Atiqah Mohd Amin , Siti Musliha Mat Ghani
Sulfur compounds in diesel fuel pose environmental and industrial challenges, necessitating effective removal methods. In this study, a bimetallic Cu-Fe/TiO2 nano-photocatalyst was developed for the photooxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in model diesel oil. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to optimize both the preparation parameters of Cu-Fe/TiO2 and the photooxidation conditions for DBT in model diesel oil. The photocatalyst was synthesized via a wet-impregnation method. Four factors were optimized during catalyst preparation: calcination temperature (400–600 °C), calcination duration (1–3 h), Cu:Fe mass composition (1–0.82), and total metal loading (1.0–3.0 wt%). For the photooxidation process, two parameters were evaluated: the H2O2:SDBT molar ratio (2−6) and catalyst dosage (0.5–1.5 g L−1). Both RSM models were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). ANOVA results showed lack-of-fit values of 47.67 and 70.64, with R2 values of 0.9892 and 0.9695 for catalyst preparation and photooxidation, respectively, confirming strong model reliability. Complete DBT conversion was achieved when the catalyst was prepared using a Cu:Fe mass composition of 0.91 (10:1), a metal loading of 2.0 wt%, a calcination temperature of 502 °C, and a calcination duration of 1.02 h. For the photooxidation reaction, full DBT conversion occurred at a H2O2: SDBT molar ratio of 4 and a catalyst dosage of 1.0 g L−1. These findings demonstrate the high efficiency of Cu-Fe/TiO2 and highlight its potential as a promising photocatalyst for sulfur removal applications.
柴油中的硫化物给环境和工业带来了挑战，需要有效的去除方法。本研究开发了一种双金属Cu-Fe/TiO2纳米光催化剂，用于模拟柴油中二苯并噻吩（DBT）的光氧化。采用响应面法（RSM）和中心复合设计（CCD）优化了Cu-Fe/TiO2的制备参数和DBT在模型柴油中的光氧化条件。采用湿浸渍法制备了光催化剂。在催化剂制备过程中，对焙烧温度（400-600℃）、焙烧时间（1-3 h）、Cu:Fe质量组成（1-0.82）和总金属负载（1.0-3.0 wt%）四个因素进行了优化。对于光氧化过程，考察了两个参数：H2O2:SDBT的摩尔比（2−6）和催化剂用量（0.5 ~ 1.5 g L−1）。两种RSM模型均具有统计学意义（p <； 0.0001）。方差分析结果显示，催化剂制备和光氧化的拟合缺失值分别为47.67和70.64，R2分别为0.9892和0.9695，模型可靠性较强。当Cu:Fe质量组成为0.91(10:1)，金属负载量为2.0 wt%，焙烧温度为502℃，焙烧时间为1.02 h时，制备的催化剂实现了DBT的完全转化。光氧化反应中，当H2O2: SDBT摩尔比为4，催化剂用量为1.0 g L−1时，DBT完全转化。这些发现证明了Cu-Fe/TiO2的高效率，并突出了其作为一种有前途的光催化剂在除硫应用中的潜力。
{"title":"Rapid and deep diesel desulfurization using bimetallic Cu-Fe/TiO2 nano-photocatalysts optimized by response surface methodology","authors":"Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid , Mohd Faridzuan Majid , Nur Ain Atiqah Mohd Amin , Siti Musliha Mat Ghani","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfur compounds in diesel fuel pose environmental and industrial challenges, necessitating effective removal methods. In this study, a bimetallic Cu-Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> nano-photocatalyst was developed for the photooxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in model diesel oil. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to optimize both the preparation parameters of Cu-Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> and the photooxidation conditions for DBT in model diesel oil. The photocatalyst was synthesized via a wet-impregnation method. Four factors were optimized during catalyst preparation: calcination temperature (400–600 °C), calcination duration (1–3 h), Cu:Fe mass composition (1–0.82), and total metal loading (1.0–3.0 wt%). For the photooxidation process, two parameters were evaluated: the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>:S<sub>DBT</sub> molar ratio (2−6) and catalyst dosage (0.5–1.5 g L<sup>−1</sup>). Both RSM models were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). ANOVA results showed lack-of-fit values of 47.67 and 70.64, with R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.9892 and 0.9695 for catalyst preparation and photooxidation, respectively, confirming strong model reliability. Complete DBT conversion was achieved when the catalyst was prepared using a Cu:Fe mass composition of 0.91 (10:1), a metal loading of 2.0 wt%, a calcination temperature of 502 °C, and a calcination duration of 1.02 h. For the photooxidation reaction, full DBT conversion occurred at a H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>: S<sub>DBT</sub> molar ratio of 4 and a catalyst dosage of 1.0 g L<sup>−1</sup>. These findings demonstrate the high efficiency of Cu-Fe/TiO<sub>2</sub> and highlight its potential as a promising photocatalyst for sulfur removal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100370
Pratikeswar Panda, Rajaram Mohapatra
Magnet-mediated gene therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional viral-based genetic strategies, with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄NPs) being widely explored as non-viral vectors. Despite their availability for certain transfection applications, their broader biomedical potential remains underutilized. Moreover, ethical concerns surrounding human DNA limit translational research, making fish DNA a viable substitute. This study aimed to synthesize DNA-coated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (DMn) and further develop a Metformin (MRN)-conjugating DNA–Fe₃O₄ nanoconjugate (MDMn), evaluating their structural features, antioxidant activity, and anticancer potential against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The synthesized DMn exhibited quasi-spherical morphology (90.4 nm) with a Zeta-potential of –42.20 mV, ensuring colloidal stability. Superparamagnetism was confirmed by the absence of hysteresis. FTIR, FESEM, AFM, and XRD validated DNA coating and decreased crystallinity. Docking studies revealed strong binding between MRN and DNA-Fe₃O₄NPs. Drug release was accelerated from MDMn (109 ± 0.05 % in 8 h) compared to pure MRN (110 ± 0.47 % in 26 h). Biologically, MDMn exhibited notable antioxidant activity (32.41 ± 1.62 % DPPH scavenging) and pronounced, dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells, achieving 85.47 ± 1.62 % inhibition at 24 h, with a calculated IC₅₀ value of 28.47 ± 1.59 μM. DNA-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, especially MRN-conjugate MDMn, represent a promising non-viral therapeutic platform with potential for targeted breast cancer treatment.
{"title":"DNA-functionalized superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles: In Vitro antioxidant and anticancer assessment in MCF-7 cancer cells","authors":"Pratikeswar Panda, Rajaram Mohapatra","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnet-mediated gene therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional viral-based genetic strategies, with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄NPs) being widely explored as non-viral vectors. Despite their availability for certain transfection applications, their broader biomedical potential remains underutilized. Moreover, ethical concerns surrounding human DNA limit translational research, making fish DNA a viable substitute. This study aimed to synthesize DNA-coated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (DMn) and further develop a Metformin (MRN)-conjugating DNA–Fe₃O₄ nanoconjugate (MDMn), evaluating their structural features, antioxidant activity, and anticancer potential against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The synthesized DMn exhibited quasi-spherical morphology (90.4 nm) with a Zeta-potential of –42.20 mV, ensuring colloidal stability. Superparamagnetism was confirmed by the absence of hysteresis. FTIR, FESEM, AFM, and XRD validated DNA coating and decreased crystallinity. Docking studies revealed strong binding between MRN and DNA-Fe₃O₄NPs. Drug release was accelerated from MDMn (109 ± 0.05 % in 8 h) compared to pure MRN (110 ± 0.47 % in 26 h). Biologically, MDMn exhibited notable antioxidant activity (32.41 ± 1.62 % DPPH scavenging) and pronounced, dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells, achieving 85.47 ± 1.62 % inhibition at 24 h, with a calculated IC₅₀ value of 28.47 ± 1.59 μM. DNA-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, especially MRN-conjugate MDMn, represent a promising non-viral therapeutic platform with potential for targeted breast cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100369
Sailee Chowdhury , Koyel Kar , Priyanka Chakraborty , Rana Mazumder , Bhupendra G. Prajapati
The complicated nature of the human eye structure makes diagnosing and treating ocular disorders difficult, particularly given the low effectiveness of ocular drug delivery. As nanomaterials continue to advance, numerous ocular nano-drug delivery systems like liposome, nanofibers, nano emulsions with their extended drug delivery, long-term controlled release, and targeted administration have been done to address shortcomings in standard ophthalmology diagnosis and therapy. These unique nanomaterials, which have numerous properties, are intended to give controllability, accuracy, and individualization when treating eye problems. Nanotechnology has advanced significantly, resulting in the production of nanometer-sized items as medical implants or gadgets. Many of these nanodevices have lately been tested in various cancer diagnostic and therapeutic applications, including leukemia, melanoma, breast tumors, prostate tumors, and brain cancer. Despite the growing importance of nanotechnology in cancer, the potential of these nanodevices for identifying and treating ophthalmic tumors has not been thoroughly investigated. This review highlights key advancements and potential future directions in the application of nanotechnology for the treatment and diagnosis of ocular cancer, emphasizing novel approaches and emerging trends.
{"title":"Nanoparticles in ocular cancer: Diagnosis and treatment","authors":"Sailee Chowdhury , Koyel Kar , Priyanka Chakraborty , Rana Mazumder , Bhupendra G. Prajapati","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complicated nature of the human eye structure makes diagnosing and treating ocular disorders difficult, particularly given the low effectiveness of ocular drug delivery. As nanomaterials continue to advance, numerous ocular nano-drug delivery systems like liposome, nanofibers, nano emulsions with their extended drug delivery, long-term controlled release, and targeted administration have been done to address shortcomings in standard ophthalmology diagnosis and therapy. These unique nanomaterials, which have numerous properties, are intended to give controllability, accuracy, and individualization when treating eye problems. Nanotechnology has advanced significantly, resulting in the production of nanometer-sized items as medical implants or gadgets. Many of these nanodevices have lately been tested in various cancer diagnostic and therapeutic applications, including leukemia, melanoma, breast tumors, prostate tumors, and brain cancer. Despite the growing importance of nanotechnology in cancer, the potential of these nanodevices for identifying and treating ophthalmic tumors has not been thoroughly investigated. This review highlights key advancements and potential future directions in the application of nanotechnology for the treatment and diagnosis of ocular cancer, emphasizing novel approaches and emerging trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100366
Kainat Mirza , Laiba Hasan , Mehak Pracha , Tanveer Ahmad , Meryam Sardar
The present study reports the synthesis of Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) through an eco-friendly method using guava leaf extract for their application in diabetes and wound healing. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, and Dynamic light scattering. TEM revealed the spherical morphology of Se-NPs and a size range of 2–5 nm. The Se-NPs inhibit carbohydrate digestive enzymes (alpha-amylase and glucosidase), which are key in managing intestinal glucose absorption. These Se-NPs exhibit IC50 values of 15 µg mL−1 for α-amylase and 21 µg mL−1 for α-glucosidase. These nanoparticles effectively adsorb glucose, and adsorption increases with an increase in glucose concentration. 10 mg mL−1 of nanoparticles can adsorb as low as 5 mmol of glucose. The study also explored Se-NPs' ability to enhance glucose uptake by human RBCs (hRBCs), akin to insulin mechanisms. At a concentration of 20 µg mL−1 of both Se-NPs and acarbose, glucose uptake by hRBCs is 83 %, which is higher than that of the standard drug acarbose (62 %). Additionally, cytotoxicity assays on human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) demonstrated that Se-NPs have an IC50 value of 25 µg mL−1, which shows much lower toxicity compared to sodium selenite salt (3.6 µg mL−1). Further, the biocompatibility of Se-NPs was studied by measuring mitochondrial ROS, membrane potential, and cellular proliferation. In vitro wound healing assays indicated that at 15 µg mL−1 of Se-NPs, around 100 % of wound closure was achieved after 15 h, whereas the control without nanoparticles showed only 37 % wound closure. Overall, this research underscores the multifaceted biomedical applications of Se-NPs synthesized via guava leaf extract, suggesting promising avenues for future therapeutic development.
{"title":"Biocompatible and ecofriendly selenium nanoparticles in diabetes and wound healing","authors":"Kainat Mirza , Laiba Hasan , Mehak Pracha , Tanveer Ahmad , Meryam Sardar","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2026.100366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the synthesis of Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) through an eco-friendly method using guava leaf extract for their application in diabetes and wound healing. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, and Dynamic light scattering. TEM revealed the spherical morphology of Se-NPs and a size range of 2–5 nm. The Se-NPs inhibit carbohydrate digestive enzymes (alpha-amylase and glucosidase), which are key in managing intestinal glucose absorption. These Se-NPs exhibit IC50 values of 15 µg mL<sup>−1</sup> for α-amylase and 21 µg mL<sup>−1</sup> for α-glucosidase. These nanoparticles effectively adsorb glucose, and adsorption increases with an increase in glucose concentration. 10 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> of nanoparticles can adsorb as low as 5 mmol of glucose. The study also explored Se-NPs' ability to enhance glucose uptake by human RBCs (hRBCs), akin to insulin mechanisms. At a concentration of 20 µg mL<sup>−1</sup> of both Se-NPs and acarbose, glucose uptake by hRBCs is 83 %, which is higher than that of the standard drug acarbose (62 %). Additionally, cytotoxicity assays on human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) demonstrated that Se-NPs have an IC50 value of 25 µg mL<sup>−1,</sup> which shows much lower toxicity compared to sodium selenite salt (3.6 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>). Further, the biocompatibility of Se-NPs was studied by measuring mitochondrial ROS, membrane potential, and cellular proliferation. In vitro wound healing assays indicated that at 15 µg mL<sup>−1</sup> of Se-NPs, around 100 % of wound closure was achieved after 15 h, whereas the control without nanoparticles showed only 37 % wound closure. Overall, this research underscores the multifaceted biomedical applications of Se-NPs synthesized via guava leaf extract, suggesting promising avenues for future therapeutic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号