Curcumin (CUR), a polyphenolic pigment of turmeric, -possess biological and medicinal properties. Regardless of having a wide range of therapeutic applications, CUR’s poor bioavailability, owing to its meagre solubility and stability, limits its application from being used as a promising drug. Several surfactants (nonionic, anionic, and cationic) have been tried to overcome the limitations of CUR. Studies suggest that the incorporation of CUR in micellar media plays a significant role in improving the solubility and stability of CUR. The choice of surfactant depends on the critical micelle concentration and the degree to which the CUR partitions into the micelles. Further, CUR-surfactant interactions can be brought about by various techniques, viz., microencapsulation, solid dispersion, and nanoemulsions. This article focuses on the influence of the micellar media on the stability, solubility, and bioavailability of CUR, along with the different methodologies used to prepare CUR-surfactant systems. Moreover, the medicinal applications of CUR-loaded surfactant systems are also briefly discussed.
{"title":"Effects of micellar media on the bioavailability, solubility, and stability of curcumin","authors":"Jamsheera Anjudikkal , Alok Shukla , Ajmal Koya Pulikkal","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2024.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2024.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Curcumin (CUR), a polyphenolic pigment of turmeric, -possess biological and medicinal properties. Regardless of having a wide range of therapeutic applications, CUR’s poor bioavailability, owing to its meagre solubility and stability, limits its application from being used as a promising drug. Several surfactants (nonionic, anionic, and cationic) have been tried to overcome the limitations of CUR. Studies suggest that the incorporation of CUR in micellar media plays a significant role in improving the solubility and stability of CUR. The choice of surfactant depends on the critical micelle concentration and the degree to which the CUR partitions into the micelles. Further, CUR-surfactant interactions can be brought about by various techniques, viz., microencapsulation, solid dispersion, and nanoemulsions. This article focuses on the influence of the micellar media on the stability, solubility, and bioavailability of CUR, along with the different methodologies used to prepare CUR-surfactant systems. Moreover, the medicinal applications of CUR-loaded surfactant systems are also briefly discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100146
Anupam Sarker , Shahriar Atik Fahim , Rupna Akther Putul , Humayra Gazi , Shah Md. Masum , Md. Ashraful Islam Molla
This study investigates the photocatalytic degradation of Methyl orange (MO) dye using ZnO/CdS nanocomposites synthesized by the hydrothermal technique. Using XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDS, TEM, UV-Vis DRS, BET, and XPS, the chemically produced chalcogenide hybrid nanocomposites were thoroughly characterized. The 5 % ZnO/CdS nanocomposite photocatalyst exhibited a crystallite size of 5.63 nm, a bandgap energy of 2.35 eV, and a larger surface area of 118.47 m2/g, indicating excellent photocatalytic performance compared to pristine ZnO and CdS. The best MO removal efficiency of 98.67 % within 60 min is demonstrated by the 5 % ZnO/CdS photocatalyst under UV-C irradiation. The photocatalytic MO degradation reaction maintains a pseudo-first-order kinetic law. The rate constant (k) and half-life (t1/2) are found to be 0.065 min−1 and 10.66 min, respectively. The reusability of the 5 % ZnO/CdS photocatalyst was investigated, and the MO removal efficiency remained acceptable after three cycles. These findings suggest that the synthesized ZnO/CdS nanocomposite is a promising photocatalyst for efficiently and sustainably removing organic pollutants from wastewater.
{"title":"ZnO/CdS nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization and assessment of photocatalytic performance","authors":"Anupam Sarker , Shahriar Atik Fahim , Rupna Akther Putul , Humayra Gazi , Shah Md. Masum , Md. Ashraful Islam Molla","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the photocatalytic degradation of Methyl orange (MO) dye using ZnO/CdS nanocomposites synthesized by the hydrothermal technique. Using XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDS, TEM, UV-Vis DRS, BET, and XPS, the chemically produced chalcogenide hybrid nanocomposites were thoroughly characterized. The 5 % ZnO/CdS nanocomposite photocatalyst exhibited a crystallite size of 5.63 nm, a bandgap energy of 2.35 eV, and a larger surface area of 118.47 m<sup>2</sup>/g, indicating excellent photocatalytic performance compared to pristine ZnO and CdS. The best MO removal efficiency of 98.67 % within 60 min is demonstrated by the 5 % ZnO/CdS photocatalyst under UV-C irradiation. The photocatalytic MO degradation reaction maintains a pseudo-first-order kinetic law. The rate constant (<em>k</em>) and half-life (<em>t</em><sub>1/2</sub>) are found to be 0.065 min<sup>−1</sup> and 10.66 min, respectively. The reusability of the 5 % ZnO/CdS photocatalyst was investigated, and the MO removal efficiency remained acceptable after three cycles. These findings suggest that the synthesized ZnO/CdS nanocomposite is a promising photocatalyst for efficiently and sustainably removing organic pollutants from wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lung cancer is unequivocally the most common cause of cancer-related deaths, surpassing all other types of cancer in terms of mortality rates among both men and women. Although surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are common treatments, they carry significant risks to healthy cells. The versatile benefits of using lipid-based nanocarrier systems in healthcare, combined with the therapeutic and supportive properties of micronutrients like selenium, have led to the investigation of encapsulating selenium nanoparticles in liposomes (Lip-SeNPs) as a new therapeutic strategy. Using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the characterisation and stability of the Lip-SeNPs were compared with liposome-free SeNPs. This was followed by their cytotoxicity evaluation against lung cancer cells. The DLS results showed that the synthesised liposome-free SeNPs and Lip-SeNPs were spherical, with size distribution of around 151.2 and 163 nm. The zeta potential values were determined for Lip-SeNPs (-15.7 mV) compared to liposome-free SeNPs (-5.71 mV). FTIR analysis of SeNPs and Lip-SeNPs confirmed valuable information about their surface chemistry and potential structure functionalisation avenues. The augmented results obtained from DLS (homogenous size distribution), Zeta potential (higher negative charge), XRD (no other element interference), and SEM-EDS (53 % selenium encapsulation and negligible agglomeration) further strengthened the stability of the generated Lip-SeNPs compared to liposome-free SeNPs. Furthermore, 74.62 % of the SeNP encapsulation efficiency in liposomes was achieved in this study. In addition, dialysis membrane-based drug release profile studies revealed augmented acidic pH-responsive release profiles of Lip-SeNPs, suggesting a superior bioavailability for drug delivery against lung cancer cells.
{"title":"Exploring the liposomal encapsulation and enhanced cytotoxicity of selenium nanoparticles against lung cancer cells","authors":"Dipti Chirakara , Shriya Lotlikar , Mahalakshmi Nannan , Nageswara Rao Dunna , Sivaramakrishnan Venkatabalasubramanian","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2024.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2024.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lung cancer is unequivocally the most common cause of cancer-related deaths, surpassing all other types of cancer in terms of mortality rates among both men and women. Although surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are common treatments, they carry significant risks to healthy cells. The versatile benefits of using lipid-based nanocarrier systems in healthcare, combined with the therapeutic and supportive properties of micronutrients like selenium, have led to the investigation of encapsulating selenium nanoparticles in liposomes (Lip-SeNPs) as a new therapeutic strategy. Using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the characterisation and stability of the Lip-SeNPs were compared with liposome-free SeNPs. This was followed by their cytotoxicity evaluation against lung cancer cells. The DLS results showed that the synthesised liposome-free SeNPs and Lip-SeNPs were spherical, with size distribution of around 151.2 and 163 nm. The zeta potential values were determined for Lip-SeNPs (-15.7 mV) compared to liposome-free SeNPs (-5.71 mV). FTIR analysis of SeNPs and Lip-SeNPs confirmed valuable information about their surface chemistry and potential structure functionalisation avenues. The augmented results obtained from DLS (homogenous size distribution), Zeta potential (higher negative charge), XRD (no other element interference), and SEM-EDS (53 % selenium encapsulation and negligible agglomeration) further strengthened the stability of the generated Lip-SeNPs compared to liposome-free SeNPs. Furthermore, 74.62 % of the SeNP encapsulation efficiency in liposomes was achieved in this study. In addition, dialysis membrane-based drug release profile studies revealed augmented acidic pH-responsive release profiles of Lip-SeNPs, suggesting a superior bioavailability for drug delivery against lung cancer cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential usefulness of hybrid nanofluid in biotechnology, medicine, heat exchangers, thermal enhancement, and others is steadily increasing. Meanwhile, the efficiency of nanofluid depends on the based fluid, nanoparticle size and type, and other entrenched dynamical fluid properties. Thus, this research examines the viscous heating of hybridized hydromagnetic MWCNTs-FeO/water (Multi-walled carbon nanotubes-Iron III oxide/water) of nanofluid in a moving disk with a non-uniform thermal model. For the theoretical analysis, 75% of HO, 20% of FeO and 5% of MWCNTs are considered with shape factors . The FeO and MWCNTs hybridized nanoparticles in water-solvent give a promising approach to augment heat conductivity and magneto-nanofluid properties for advanced thermal distribution systems. A spatial temperature variation of a non-uniform thermal model is assumed to simulate practical phenomena. A similarity transformation of the governing model is done and solved by coupling a numerical shooting technique with a Runge–Kutta scheme. The tabulated and graphically presented results reveal that the thermal propagation rate is improved by 21.34% as 0.25 volume of NWCNTs-FeO nanoparticle is distributed in 0.5 volume of HO solvent. Hence, the outcomes of this research provide noteworthy insights into the maximization and designing of thermal transport systems contributing to the advancement of thermal management efficiency.
{"title":"Viscous heating of hybridized hydromagnetic MWCNTs-Fe3O4/water nanomaterial in a moving disk with non-uniform thermal model","authors":"S.O. Salawu , T.A. Yusuf , E.O. Fatunmbi , A.M. Obalalu","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2024.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2024.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential usefulness of hybrid nanofluid in biotechnology, medicine, heat exchangers, thermal enhancement, and others is steadily increasing. Meanwhile, the efficiency of nanofluid depends on the based fluid, nanoparticle size and type, and other entrenched dynamical fluid properties. Thus, this research examines the viscous heating of hybridized hydromagnetic MWCNTs-Fe<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>/water (Multi-walled carbon nanotubes-Iron III oxide/water) of nanofluid in a moving disk with a non-uniform thermal model. For the theoretical analysis, 75% of H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O, 20% of Fe<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and 5% of MWCNTs are considered with shape factors <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>. The Fe<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and MWCNTs hybridized nanoparticles in water-solvent give a promising approach to augment heat conductivity and magneto-nanofluid properties for advanced thermal distribution systems. A spatial temperature variation of a non-uniform thermal model is assumed to simulate practical phenomena. A similarity transformation of the governing model is done and solved by coupling a numerical shooting technique with a Runge–Kutta scheme. The tabulated and graphically presented results reveal that the thermal propagation rate is improved by 21.34% as 0.25 volume of NWCNTs-Fe<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> nanoparticle is distributed in 0.5 volume of H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O solvent. Hence, the outcomes of this research provide noteworthy insights into the maximization and designing of thermal transport systems contributing to the advancement of thermal management efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100135
Vishakha R. Chakole , Tathagata Dutta , Priyankar Sen
siRNA is a specialized type of RNA that precisely targets a mRNA, and effectively silences the respective genes. This property makes siRNA a valuable tool for developing RNAi therapeutics, particularly for managing conditions like osteoporosis, cancer, genetic disorders, and autoimmune disorders. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a significant autoimmune disorder. Several treatments are available for RA, including analgesics, corticosteroids, DMARDs, biological agents, combinational therapy, epigenetic and cell therapies which play a crucial role in preventing joint function deterioration, inflammation, synovial edema, etc. Besides these numerous advantages, these treatments have several disadvantages like liver cirrhosis, interstitial lung disease, sexual health is impaired in males, neuropsychiatric adverse effects, etc. All these disadvantages engender the need for new therapy. siRNA delivery carriers like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and siRNA polymer bio-conjugates are proving to be particularly effective with less toxicity compared to the traditional treatments. A promising addition to these carriers is wrapsome (WS), which can be used as a favorable carrier for delivery of siRNA to its specific sites, such as inflamed joints or the inflamed synovium. The incorporation of PEG liposomes in the delivery strategy allows WS to evade recognition by the RES, leading to an extended half-life. This extended half-life enables a sustained, slow release of the drug, contributing to superior recovery from pain and inflammation associated with conditions like RA.
{"title":"siRNA therapeutics for effective management of rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Vishakha R. Chakole , Tathagata Dutta , Priyankar Sen","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>siRNA is a specialized type of RNA that precisely targets a mRNA, and effectively silences the respective genes. This property makes siRNA a valuable tool for developing RNAi therapeutics, particularly for managing conditions like osteoporosis, cancer, genetic disorders, and autoimmune disorders. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a significant autoimmune disorder. Several treatments are available for RA, including analgesics, corticosteroids, DMARDs, biological agents, combinational therapy, epigenetic and cell therapies which play a crucial role in preventing joint function deterioration, inflammation, synovial edema, etc. Besides these numerous advantages, these treatments have several disadvantages like liver cirrhosis, interstitial lung disease, sexual health is impaired in males, neuropsychiatric adverse effects, etc. All these disadvantages engender the need for new therapy. siRNA delivery carriers like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and siRNA polymer bio-conjugates are proving to be particularly effective with less toxicity compared to the traditional treatments. A promising addition to these carriers is wrapsome (WS), which can be used as a favorable carrier for delivery of siRNA to its specific sites, such as inflamed joints or the inflamed synovium. The incorporation of PEG liposomes in the delivery strategy allows WS to evade recognition by the RES, leading to an extended half-life. This extended half-life enables a sustained, slow release of the drug, contributing to superior recovery from pain and inflammation associated with conditions like RA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100148
Prakash B. Rathod , K. S. Ajish Kumar , Kalyan Yakkala , Mahendra Pratap Singh , Anjali A. Athawale , Ashok K. Pandey
The Fe₃O₄@(TEA-HMTA)₂ magnetically retrievable nanoreactor developed in the present work has dendrimer-like branched architecture formed by grafting hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) onto magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles. This structure is synthesized through sequential reactions involving tris(2-bromoethyl)amine and HMTA with n-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine-anchored Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The resulting nanoreactor offered abundant reactive sites and high nitrogen content in tertiary and quaternary amines, making it suitable for catalyzing the organic syntheses. The magnetic core of the nanoreactor allowed easy recovery, promoting sustainability in catalytic processes. The adaptability of the nanoreactor was demonstrated by its transformation into metallodendrimers (MDs) through selective loading of catalysts such as palladium, copper, or phosphomolybdic acid as representative examples. Its efficacy was validated in several reactions. In the aza-Michael addition, the nanoreactor achieved an 85 % yield with a turnover number (TON) of 21,546 and retained its reusability. The Cu-loaded variant gave a 90 % yield in the nitroaldol reaction with a TON of 4736, while the Pd-loaded system exhibited a 90 % yield in Heck coupling with a TON of 10,222 over four cycles. In ring-opening and phase-transfer reactions, moderate yields of 60 % and 55 % were achieved, with TONs of 789 and 6971, respectively. The magnetic nanoreactors exhibited the possibility of loading homogeneous catalysts with remarkable catalytic efficacy.
{"title":"Nitrogen-rich dendrimer-like hexamethylenetetramine grafted magnetite nanoreactor as sustainable next-generation materials for catalysis in organic reactions","authors":"Prakash B. Rathod , K. S. Ajish Kumar , Kalyan Yakkala , Mahendra Pratap Singh , Anjali A. Athawale , Ashok K. Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Fe₃O₄@(TEA-HMTA)₂ magnetically retrievable nanoreactor developed in the present work has dendrimer-like branched architecture formed by grafting hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) onto magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles. This structure is synthesized through sequential reactions involving tris(2-bromoethyl)amine and HMTA with n-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine-anchored Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The resulting nanoreactor offered abundant reactive sites and high nitrogen content in tertiary and quaternary amines, making it suitable for catalyzing the organic syntheses. The magnetic core of the nanoreactor allowed easy recovery, promoting sustainability in catalytic processes. The adaptability of the nanoreactor was demonstrated by its transformation into metallodendrimers (MDs) through selective loading of catalysts such as palladium, copper, or phosphomolybdic acid as representative examples. Its efficacy was validated in several reactions. In the aza-Michael addition, the nanoreactor achieved an 85 % yield with a turnover number (TON) of 21,546 and retained its reusability. The Cu-loaded variant gave a 90 % yield in the nitroaldol reaction with a TON of 4736, while the Pd-loaded system exhibited a 90 % yield in Heck coupling with a TON of 10,222 over four cycles. In ring-opening and phase-transfer reactions, moderate yields of 60 % and 55 % were achieved, with TONs of 789 and 6971, respectively. The magnetic nanoreactors exhibited the possibility of loading homogeneous catalysts with remarkable catalytic efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agricultural waste, such as empty fruit bunches (EFB) from palm oil production, poses environmental and health risks if not effectively managed. This study addresses this issue by innovatively transforming EFB biomass into high-value silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via a green synthesis approach, marking the first successful biosynthesis of AgNPs from EFB. UV-Vis, FTIR, TEM, SAED, and EDX studies were used to characterize biosynthesized EFB-AgNPs. Biosynthesized EFB-AgNPs were tested for antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, and thrombolytic activities. EFB-AgNPs showed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 477 nm, hydroxyl and amine group stabilization, and a silver content of 75.56 %. TEM and SAED analyses confirmed nanoscale particle diameters ranging from 12.78 nm to 19.10 nm, with a characteristic face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline structure. EFB-AgNPs inhibited Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa dose-dependently from 40 % to 80 %, and 100 % of Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, and A. flavus. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may cause cell membrane rupture and oxidative stress. Antioxidant testing demonstrated concentration-dependent activity across multiple assays: DPPH scavenging reached 81.49 % at 160 µg/ml, ferric-reducing activity was 90.05 % at 150 µg/ml, H₂O₂ scavenging achieved 91.00 % at 80 µg/ml, and NO scavenging reached 83.43 % at 150 µg/ml. Furthermore, EFB-AgNPs prevented blood coagulation and dissolved blood clots. In addition, EFB-AgNPs inhibited α-amylase with 74.64 % at 100 µg/ml. This unique approach of transforming EFB trash into high-value AgNPs could help sustain waste management and the circular bioeconomy by enabling medicinal applications.
{"title":"Novel green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from empty fruit bunch waste: Biomedical applications and mechanistic insights","authors":"Bashirat Olamide Yusuf-Salihu , Shakirat Afodun Abdulmumini , Toheeb Taiye Bajepade , Halimah Adekunbi Durosinmi , Muinat Olanike Kazeem , Victoria Atinuke Ajayi , Agbaje Lateef","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural waste, such as empty fruit bunches (EFB) from palm oil production, poses environmental and health risks if not effectively managed. This study addresses this issue by innovatively transforming EFB biomass into high-value silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via a green synthesis approach, marking the first successful biosynthesis of AgNPs from EFB. UV-Vis, FTIR, TEM, SAED, and EDX studies were used to characterize biosynthesized EFB-AgNPs. Biosynthesized EFB-AgNPs were tested for antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, and thrombolytic activities. EFB-AgNPs showed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 477 nm, hydroxyl and amine group stabilization, and a silver content of 75.56 %. TEM and SAED analyses confirmed nanoscale particle diameters ranging from 12.78 nm to 19.10 nm, with a characteristic face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline structure. EFB-AgNPs inhibited <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Klebsiella oxytoca, Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Proteus mirabilis</em>, and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> dose-dependently from 40 % to 80 %, and 100 % of <em>Aspergillus niger</em>, <em>A. fumigatus,</em> and <em>A. flavus</em>. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) may cause cell membrane rupture and oxidative stress. Antioxidant testing demonstrated concentration-dependent activity across multiple assays: DPPH scavenging reached 81.49 % at 160 µg/ml, ferric-reducing activity was 90.05 % at 150 µg/ml, H₂O₂ scavenging achieved 91.00 % at 80 µg/ml, and NO scavenging reached 83.43 % at 150 µg/ml. Furthermore, EFB-AgNPs prevented blood coagulation and dissolved blood clots. In addition, EFB-AgNPs inhibited α-amylase with 74.64 % at 100 µg/ml. This unique approach of transforming EFB trash into high-value AgNPs could help sustain waste management and the circular bioeconomy by enabling medicinal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100132
Rifat Kaçar , Ramis Berkay Seri̇n , Esin Uçar , Murat Artuç , Alper Ülkü , Barış Kınacı
Microdisplay technologies include a variety of miniature display solutions designed to specific requirements in various applications, such as near-to-eye (NTE) platforms. Among these solutions, OLED based microdisplays stands out as an advanced micro-display technology that goes beyond the core principles of conventional OLED technology. This review investigates deeply into the landscape of OLED-on-Silicon (OLEDoS) microdisplays, providing a meticulous analysis of both the CMOS backplane and the OLED frontplane technology, along with subsidiary technologies. It thoroughly examines the challenges and potential drawbacks associated with each technology, offering a comprehensive understanding of their limitations. It also sheds light on the advancements and breakthroughs in the field and highlights the design considerations to overcome the outlined limitations. OLEDs are ideal for microdisplays due to their high contrast ratios, deep blacks, and fast response times, all essential for eXtended Reality (XR) experiences. Their self-emissive nature, which eliminates the need for backlighting, enabling thin, light, power-efficient displays with vibrant colors. These features make OLEDoS microdisplays particularly well-suited for NTE platforms. The review also examines the commercial landscape of OLEDoS, covering market trends, major industry players, and the adoption of these technologies across the industry. In conclusion, it provides a forward-looking perspective on the future of OLEDoS microdisplays, outlining emerging trends and opportunities within the rapidly evolving XR ecosystem.
{"title":"OLED-on-silicon (OLEDoS) microdisplays: Technology challenges, design considerations, and adaptation in eXtended Reality (XR) ecosystem – Review","authors":"Rifat Kaçar , Ramis Berkay Seri̇n , Esin Uçar , Murat Artuç , Alper Ülkü , Barış Kınacı","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microdisplay technologies include a variety of miniature display solutions designed to specific requirements in various applications, such as near-to-eye (NTE) platforms. Among these solutions, OLED based microdisplays stands out as an advanced micro-display technology that goes beyond the core principles of conventional OLED technology. This review investigates deeply into the landscape of OLED-on-Silicon (OLEDoS) microdisplays, providing a meticulous analysis of both the CMOS backplane and the OLED frontplane technology, along with subsidiary technologies. It thoroughly examines the challenges and potential drawbacks associated with each technology, offering a comprehensive understanding of their limitations. It also sheds light on the advancements and breakthroughs in the field and highlights the design considerations to overcome the outlined limitations. OLEDs are ideal for microdisplays due to their high contrast ratios, deep blacks, and fast response times, all essential for eXtended Reality (XR) experiences. Their self-emissive nature, which eliminates the need for backlighting, enabling thin, light, power-efficient displays with vibrant colors. These features make OLEDoS microdisplays particularly well-suited for NTE platforms. The review also examines the commercial landscape of OLEDoS, covering market trends, major industry players, and the adoption of these technologies across the industry. In conclusion, it provides a forward-looking perspective on the future of OLEDoS microdisplays, outlining emerging trends and opportunities within the rapidly evolving XR ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wound healing is a complicated clinical problem when common topical therapies and dressings are insufficient for different kinds of wounds, such as burns, surgical, and chronic wounds. This review emphasizes the ground-breaking potential of nanofiber technology, a novel approach that imitates the extracellular matrix (ECM) to promote targeted therapeutic administration and support cellular regeneration. Because of their structural compatibility with skin tissue, nanofiber dressings enhance natural healing, maintain optimal moisture levels, and significantly reduce the risk of infection. The comprehensive analysis include methods for producing nanofibers, crucial design components, and applications appropriate for different wound types. Concurrently, the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) is revolutionizing wound care. Because of this, "smart" dressings with real-time monitoring, dynamic data processing, and precise therapeutic release capabilities have been developed, allowing medical personnel to provide more individualized and responsive care. These developments can potentially revolutionize wound care through timely interventions and improving patient outcomes. Although combining nanofiber technology with AI-powered smart dressings seems promising, there are still barriers in implementing these developments for general clinical applications. This review offers a comprehensive overview of current research and the critical role nanofiber technology plays in enhancing wound care. We plan to highlight the path for robust, scalable, and customized wound treatments by identifying key implementation barriers and exploring potential developments. Nanofibers, with their exceptional capabilities, signify a profound advancement in wound healing, offering new optimism for improved patient recovery and enduring health benefits.
{"title":"Integrating advanced synthesis techniques and AI-driven approaches with nanofiber technology: A state-of-the-art approach to wound care management","authors":"Nisha Shankhwar , Awadhesh Kumar Verma , Ashab Noumani , Tanya Singh , Kalakuntla Sriharshitha Rao , Vivekanand , Neeta Raj Sharma , Satyendra Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wound healing is a complicated clinical problem when common topical therapies and dressings are insufficient for different kinds of wounds, such as burns, surgical, and chronic wounds. This review emphasizes the ground-breaking potential of nanofiber technology, a novel approach that imitates the extracellular matrix (ECM) to promote targeted therapeutic administration and support cellular regeneration. Because of their structural compatibility with skin tissue, nanofiber dressings enhance natural healing, maintain optimal moisture levels, and significantly reduce the risk of infection. The comprehensive analysis include methods for producing nanofibers, crucial design components, and applications appropriate for different wound types. Concurrently, the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) is revolutionizing wound care. Because of this, \"smart\" dressings with real-time monitoring, dynamic data processing, and precise therapeutic release capabilities have been developed, allowing medical personnel to provide more individualized and responsive care. These developments can potentially revolutionize wound care through timely interventions and improving patient outcomes. Although combining nanofiber technology with AI-powered smart dressings seems promising, there are still barriers in implementing these developments for general clinical applications. This review offers a comprehensive overview of current research and the critical role nanofiber technology plays in enhancing wound care. We plan to highlight the path for robust, scalable, and customized wound treatments by identifying key implementation barriers and exploring potential developments. Nanofibers, with their exceptional capabilities, signify a profound advancement in wound healing, offering new optimism for improved patient recovery and enduring health benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
TiO2-Phosphotungstic acid nanocomposites were synthesized by annealing method. In this study, we used a specific annealing technique to optimize the microstructure and improve the performance characteristics of the material under investigation. The chemical nature of the nanocomposites were characterized by UV–visible, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. UV–visible spectroscopy revealed a strong interaction between TiO2 and phosphotungstic acid. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed new bond formed between TiO2 and phosphotungstic acid in the nanocomposites. XRD showed that the crystallite size of the nanocomposite materials decreased. SEM analysis showed that the particle size decreased and the dopants were uniformly distributed throughout the composite material. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites was evaluated using the pollutant methylene blue dye. The results showed that the nanocomposites had good catalytic activity, with a degradation efficiency of up to 94 %. The temperature-dependent AC and DC electrical conductivities of the composite materials were also studied. The measurements of the dielectric constants produced informative results. Finally, the antimicrobial activities of the nanocomposites were determined by using the agar well diffusion method on the microorganism Streptococcus pyogenes. The results showed that the nanocomposites had a remarkable diameter of the zone of inhibition, indicating their potential as antimicrobial agents. Overall, the synthesized TiO2-phosphotungstic acid nanocomposites have proven to be very promising composites and have wide applications in different fields.
{"title":"TiO2-Phosphotungstic acid nanocomposites synthesis by annealing method","authors":"Milton Praveendaniel , Ponpandian Rajesh Anantha Selvan , Moses Daniel Sweetlin","doi":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiO<sub>2</sub>-Phosphotungstic acid nanocomposites were synthesized by annealing method. In this study, we used a specific annealing technique to optimize the microstructure and improve the performance characteristics of the material under investigation. The chemical nature of the nanocomposites were characterized by UV–visible, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. UV–visible spectroscopy revealed a strong interaction between TiO<sub>2</sub> and phosphotungstic acid. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed new bond formed between TiO<sub>2</sub> and phosphotungstic acid in the nanocomposites. XRD showed that the crystallite size of the nanocomposite materials decreased. SEM analysis showed that the particle size decreased and the dopants were uniformly distributed throughout the composite material. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites was evaluated using the pollutant methylene blue dye. The results showed that the nanocomposites had good catalytic activity, with a degradation efficiency of up to 94 %. The temperature-dependent AC and DC electrical conductivities of the composite materials were also studied. The measurements of the dielectric constants produced informative results. Finally, the antimicrobial activities of the nanocomposites were determined by using the agar well diffusion method on the microorganism <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em>. The results showed that the nanocomposites had a remarkable diameter of the zone of inhibition, indicating their potential as antimicrobial agents. Overall, the synthesized TiO<sub>2</sub>-phosphotungstic acid nanocomposites have proven to be very promising composites and have wide applications in different fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100959,"journal":{"name":"Next Nanotechnology","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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