Plant Nano Biology最新文献_第5页

TiO2 nanoparticles reprogram cellular metabolism to mitigate UV-B-induced oxidative stress in lettuce 二氧化钛纳米颗粒重编程细胞代谢以减轻紫外线b诱导的生菜氧化应激

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2026.100259

Hamideh Ghaffari , Sajad Hussain , Marek Kovar , Maria Barboricova , Dominika Mlynarikova Vysoka , Marek Zivcak , Jana Ferencova , Yuanfang Fan , Xinghong Yang , Milan Skalicky , Marian Brestic

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) represent a promising nanobiotechnology approach for enhancing plant resilience to environmental stressors. This study elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying TiO₂ NPs protect lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa) from UV-B radiation. The lettuce was grown under controlled conditions and exposed to supplemental UV-B irradiation. Using TiO₂ NP concentrations of 0, 100, and 200 mg/L under controlled UV-B exposure, we investigated plant stress responses through interactions at the nano-bio interface. TiO₂ NP treatment orchestrated a comprehensive cellular defense mechanism through modulation of specific antioxidant enzyme networks. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase were enhanced, resulting in a significant reduction in the oxidative stress markers, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde. This antioxidant activation was coupled with TiO₂ NP-mediated enhancement of photosynthesis as evidenced by higher electron transport rates and net photosynthesis levels, particularly at the 200 mg/L concentration. TiO₂ NPs treatment triggered coordinated metabolic reprogramming, simultaneously upregulating photoprotective pigments (chlorophyll b and carotenoids) and stress-responsive secondary metabolites (flavonoids and anthocyanins). This multi-layered protection system demonstrated quantifiable physiological benefits, with complete restoration of shoot biomass under UV-B stress conditions. Our data demonstrate that TiO₂ NPs act as multifunctional stress-mitigating agents through precise modulation of cellular redox homeostasis and photosynthetic efficiency. This nanomaterial approach offers significant potential for engineering effective methods of next-generation crop protection and sustainable agriculture in high-UV environments.

二氧化钛（TiO2）纳米颗粒（NPs）是一种很有前途的纳米生物技术方法，可以增强植物对环境胁迫的适应能力。本研究阐明了TiO2 NPs保护生菜（Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa）免受UV-B辐射的分子机制。生菜在受控条件下生长，并暴露于补充UV-B照射下。在受控UV-B照射下，TiO2 NP浓度分别为0、100和200 mg/L，研究了植物在纳米生物界面上的相互作用对胁迫的响应。TiO2 NP处理通过调节特定的抗氧化酶网络，策划了一个全面的细胞防御机制。超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性增强，导致氧化应激标志物过氧化氢和丙二醛显著降低。这种抗氧化活性与TiO2 np介导的光合作用增强相结合，证明了更高的电子传递速率和净光合作用水平，特别是在200 mg/L浓度下。TiO2 NPs处理触发了协调的代谢重编程，同时上调光保护色素（叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素）和应激反应次级代谢物（类黄酮和花青素）。这种多层保护系统显示出可量化的生理效益，在UV-B胁迫条件下，茎部生物量完全恢复。我们的数据表明，TiO2 NPs通过精确调节细胞氧化还原稳态和光合效率，作为多功能的应激缓解剂。这种纳米材料方法为高紫外线环境下下一代作物保护和可持续农业的有效工程方法提供了巨大的潜力。

{"title":"TiO2 nanoparticles reprogram cellular metabolism to mitigate UV-B-induced oxidative stress in lettuce","authors":"Hamideh Ghaffari , Sajad Hussain , Marek Kovar , Maria Barboricova , Dominika Mlynarikova Vysoka , Marek Zivcak , Jana Ferencova , Yuanfang Fan , Xinghong Yang , Milan Skalicky , Marian Brestic","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) represent a promising nanobiotechnology approach for enhancing plant resilience to environmental stressors. This study elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs protect lettuce (<em>Lactuca sativa</em> L. var. crispa) from UV-B radiation. The lettuce was grown under controlled conditions and exposed to supplemental UV-B irradiation. Using TiO<sub>2</sub> NP concentrations of 0, 100, and 200 mg/L under controlled UV-B exposure, we investigated plant stress responses through interactions at the nano-bio interface. TiO<sub>2</sub> NP treatment orchestrated a comprehensive cellular defense mechanism through modulation of specific antioxidant enzyme networks. The activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase were enhanced, resulting in a significant reduction in the oxidative stress markers, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde. This antioxidant activation was coupled with TiO<sub>2</sub> NP-mediated enhancement of photosynthesis as evidenced by higher electron transport rates and net photosynthesis levels, particularly at the 200 mg/L concentration. TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs treatment triggered coordinated metabolic reprogramming, simultaneously upregulating photoprotective pigments (chlorophyll b and carotenoids) and stress-responsive secondary metabolites (flavonoids and anthocyanins). This multi-layered protection system demonstrated quantifiable physiological benefits, with complete restoration of shoot biomass under UV-B stress conditions. Our data demonstrate that TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs act as multifunctional stress-mitigating agents through precise modulation of cellular redox homeostasis and photosynthetic efficiency. This nanomaterial approach offers significant potential for engineering effective methods of next-generation crop protection and sustainable agriculture in high-UV environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From soil to shoot plant responses to polystyrene nanoplastics and relevance for sustainable food systems 从土壤到植物对聚苯乙烯纳米塑料的反应以及与可持续粮食系统的相关性

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100230

Benedetta Pizziconi , Giuliana Bruno , Samuela Palombieri , Francesco Sestili , Sara Cimini , Laura De Gara

Within the One Health framework, plants represent a critical interface between environmental contaminants and the food web. Among emerging pollutants, polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are particularly concerning due to their small size, high surface reactivity, and ability to cross biological barriers. PS-NPs can be potentially internalized through roots or leaves, translocated to other organs, and, in some cases, accumulated in edible tissues, posing risks to food safety and human health. This review explores PS-NPs behavior in plants, focusing on uptake mechanisms, translocation pathways, accumulation sites, and physiological and molecular responses in different plant species, both model and crops. While wheat shows tolerance even at high PS-NPs concentrations, species like rice, lettuce, and garlic exhibit growth inhibition, oxidative stress, nutrient imbalances, and genotoxic effects. Transcriptomic studies confirm that PS-NPs alter gene expression linked to redox homeostasis, hormone signaling, and stress responses, though the specific pathways affected differ across species and conditions. Overall, plant species and PS-NPs concentration emerge as key factors determining phytotoxic outcomes. The detection of PS-NPs in edible plant parts highlights a tangible risk for humans. Standardized analytical methods, realistic scenarios, and the identification of molecular markers of tolerance are urgently needed to better assess and mitigate the impact of PS-NPs on agriculture and food safety within the One Health perspective.

在同一个健康框架内，植物是环境污染物和食物网之间的关键接口。在新兴污染物中，聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PS-NPs）因其体积小、表面反应活性高、能够跨越生物屏障而备受关注。PS-NPs可能通过根或叶内化，转移到其他器官，在某些情况下，在可食用组织中积累，对食品安全和人体健康构成风险。本文综述了PS-NPs在植物中的行为，重点介绍了不同植物（包括模式植物和作物）对PS-NPs的吸收机制、转运途径、积累位点以及生理和分子反应。小麦即使在高PS-NPs浓度下也表现出耐受性，而水稻、生菜和大蒜等物种则表现出生长抑制、氧化应激、营养失衡和基因毒性效应。转录组学研究证实，PS-NPs改变了与氧化还原稳态、激素信号和应激反应相关的基因表达，尽管受影响的具体途径因物种和条件而异。总的来说，植物种类和PS-NPs浓度是决定植物毒性结果的关键因素。可食用植物部分中PS-NPs的检测凸显了对人类的切实风险。迫切需要标准化的分析方法、现实情景和耐受性分子标记的鉴定，以便在同一个健康观点下更好地评估和减轻PS-NPs对农业和食品安全的影响。

{"title":"From soil to shoot plant responses to polystyrene nanoplastics and relevance for sustainable food systems","authors":"Benedetta Pizziconi , Giuliana Bruno , Samuela Palombieri , Francesco Sestili , Sara Cimini , Laura De Gara","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within the One Health framework, plants represent a critical interface between environmental contaminants and the food web. Among emerging pollutants, polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are particularly concerning due to their small size, high surface reactivity, and ability to cross biological barriers. PS-NPs can be potentially internalized through roots or leaves, translocated to other organs, and, in some cases, accumulated in edible tissues, posing risks to food safety and human health. This review explores PS-NPs behavior in plants, focusing on uptake mechanisms, translocation pathways, accumulation sites, and physiological and molecular responses in different plant species, both model and crops. While wheat shows tolerance even at high PS-NPs concentrations, species like rice, lettuce, and garlic exhibit growth inhibition, oxidative stress, nutrient imbalances, and genotoxic effects. Transcriptomic studies confirm that PS-NPs alter gene expression linked to redox homeostasis, hormone signaling, and stress responses, though the specific pathways affected differ across species and conditions. Overall, plant species and PS-NPs concentration emerge as key factors determining phytotoxic outcomes. The detection of PS-NPs in edible plant parts highlights a tangible risk for humans. Standardized analytical methods, realistic scenarios, and the identification of molecular markers of tolerance are urgently needed to better assess and mitigate the impact of PS-NPs on agriculture and food safety within the One Health perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biotic and abiotic stress management in agriculture: The transformative role of nanotechnology 农业中的生物和非生物胁迫管理：纳米技术的变革作用

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100202

Anshuman Shah , Shaily Tyagi , Ravi Kant Singh , Kapil K. Tiwari , Gangwar G. Prasad , Sanjay Kalia , Rajeev Kumar , Vandna Rai

Phyto-pathogen interactions significantly affect plant growth, yield, and agricultural productivity. Over recent decades, genetic and molecular studies have unraveled the complexity of plant immune mechanisms, focusing on the interplay between plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/PAMPs). Pathogen-secreted signaling molecules targeting host immune responses have been shown to activate intricate signaling pathways, offering insights into hierarchical phyto-microbe interactions. Advances in molecular biotechnology, such as nucleic acid products and fluorescence-based mechanisms, have revolutionized our understanding of plant physiology and immune responses. Metal nanoparticles (e.g., silver, gold, copper, and zinc) exhibit unique properties that enhance plant growth, improve immune responses by boosting phytohormones, and ensure food security. Understanding nanoparticle-plant molecular interactions is crucial for optimizing crop productivity and sustainable agriculture. Integrating green chemistry with nanotechnology, including plant-specific peptide sequences and fluorescent dyes on plant surfaces, provides innovative approaches for synthetic immunogen development. Additionally, tools like electronic noses (E-noses) detect volatile organic compounds released by stressed plants, enabling early disease detection and contributing to sustainable plant management. Nanoparticles also improve plant defense mechanisms by enhancing immune responses and supporting growth under stress conditions. The synergistic use of plants and nanoparticles presents a promising strategy to maintain disease control and crop yields. In conclusion, nanoparticles are an attractive approach to mitigate environmental stress and perform additive mechanism with phyto-hormones in defense system.

植物-病原体相互作用显著影响植物生长、产量和农业生产力。近几十年来，遗传和分子研究揭示了植物免疫机制的复杂性，重点关注植物模式识别受体（PRRs）与微生物或病原体相关分子模式（MAMPs/PAMPs）之间的相互作用。病原体分泌的靶向宿主免疫反应的信号分子已被证明可以激活复杂的信号通路，为植物与微生物的分层相互作用提供了见解。分子生物技术的进步，如核酸产物和基于荧光的机制，已经彻底改变了我们对植物生理学和免疫反应的理解。金属纳米粒子（如银、金、铜和锌）表现出独特的特性，可以促进植物生长，通过增加植物激素改善免疫反应，并确保粮食安全。了解纳米颗粒与植物分子的相互作用对于优化作物生产力和可持续农业至关重要。将绿色化学与纳米技术相结合，包括植物特异性肽序列和植物表面的荧光染料，为合成免疫原的开发提供了创新的方法。此外，电子鼻（e -nose）等工具可以检测受胁迫植物释放的挥发性有机化合物，从而实现早期疾病检测并促进植物的可持续管理。纳米颗粒还通过增强免疫反应和支持逆境条件下的生长来改善植物的防御机制。植物和纳米颗粒的协同利用为保持疾病控制和作物产量提供了一种有希望的策略。综上所述，纳米颗粒是一种有吸引力的途径，可以缓解环境胁迫，并与植物激素在防御系统中起加性作用。

{"title":"Biotic and abiotic stress management in agriculture: The transformative role of nanotechnology","authors":"Anshuman Shah , Shaily Tyagi , Ravi Kant Singh , Kapil K. Tiwari , Gangwar G. Prasad , Sanjay Kalia , Rajeev Kumar , Vandna Rai","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phyto-pathogen interactions significantly affect plant growth, yield, and agricultural productivity. Over recent decades, genetic and molecular studies have unraveled the complexity of plant immune mechanisms, focusing on the interplay between plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/PAMPs). Pathogen-secreted signaling molecules targeting host immune responses have been shown to activate intricate signaling pathways, offering insights into hierarchical phyto-microbe interactions. Advances in molecular biotechnology, such as nucleic acid products and fluorescence-based mechanisms, have revolutionized our understanding of plant physiology and immune responses. Metal nanoparticles (e.g., silver, gold, copper, and zinc) exhibit unique properties that enhance plant growth, improve immune responses by boosting phytohormones, and ensure food security. Understanding nanoparticle-plant molecular interactions is crucial for optimizing crop productivity and sustainable agriculture. Integrating green chemistry with nanotechnology, including plant-specific peptide sequences and fluorescent dyes on plant surfaces, provides innovative approaches for synthetic immunogen development. Additionally, tools like electronic noses (E-noses) detect volatile organic compounds released by stressed plants, enabling early disease detection and contributing to sustainable plant management. Nanoparticles also improve plant defense mechanisms by enhancing immune responses and supporting growth under stress conditions. The synergistic use of plants and nanoparticles presents a promising strategy to maintain disease control and crop yields. In conclusion, nanoparticles are an attractive approach to mitigate environmental stress and perform additive mechanism with phyto-hormones in defense system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nano-scale defenders tackling sweet cherry (Prunus avium) fungal threats with eco-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles 纳米级防御者解决甜樱桃（Prunus avium）真菌威胁与环保氧化锌纳米颗粒

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100198

Muhammad Aamir Manzoor , Xunju Liu , Yan Xu , Irfan Ali Sabir , Iftikhar Hussain Shah , Ghulam Abbas Ashraf , Muhammad Azam , Shazma Gulzar , Songtao Jiu , Caixi Zhang

Green nanotechnology holds significant potential for use in agriculture due to its antifungal properties, ability to control fungal diseases, and reduce the reliance on chemical fungicides. Prunus avium (sweet cherry) is highly valued for its nutritional content but is vulnerable to microbial infections, particular postharvest. This work aims to use zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) obtained from Artemisia annua to diagnose and manage fruit rot disease in sweet cherry. The synthesis of ZnO-NPs was confirmd sing several characterization methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible spectroscopy (UV), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Transmission Electron Microscopy, which revealed a uniform spherical morphology. In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated significant antifungal effectiveness of ZnO-NPs against the Fusarium equiseti (F. equiseti). Specifically, ZnO-NPs at 100 mg/L concentrations inhibited mycelial growth by over 88 %. This treatment also reduced the severity of fruit rot by approximately 77.8 % in in vivo studies using the wound method. These findings support using ZnO-NPs as a biocompatible and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional chemical fungicides in agriculture. Future research should focus on scaling up the synthesis process for industrial applications, exploring the long-term environmental impact, and assessing the broader applicability of ZnO-NPs in managing other phytopathogenic diseases across various crops.

绿色纳米技术由于其抗真菌特性、控制真菌疾病的能力和减少对化学杀菌剂的依赖，在农业中具有巨大的应用潜力。Prunus avium（甜樱桃）因其营养成分而备受重视，但易受微生物感染，特别是采收后。本研究旨在利用从黄花蒿中提取的氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO-NPs）诊断和管理甜樱桃果实腐烂病。采用x射线衍射（XRD）、紫外-可见光谱（UV）、x射线光电子能谱（XPS）和透射电子显微镜等多种表征方法证实了ZnO-NPs的合成，结果表明ZnO-NPs呈均匀的球形形貌。体外和体内实验结果表明，ZnO-NPs对equiseti镰刀菌（F. equiseti）具有显著的抗真菌效果。具体来说，100 mg/L浓度的ZnO-NPs对菌丝生长的抑制作用超过88 %。在使用伤口法的体内研究中，这种处理还减少了大约77.8% %的水果腐烂的严重程度。这些发现支持使用ZnO-NPs作为传统化学杀菌剂的生物相容性和环保性替代品。未来的研究应侧重于扩大工业应用的合成过程，探索长期环境影响，并评估ZnO-NPs在各种作物中管理其他植物病原性疾病的更广泛适用性。

{"title":"Nano-scale defenders tackling sweet cherry (Prunus avium) fungal threats with eco-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Muhammad Aamir Manzoor , Xunju Liu , Yan Xu , Irfan Ali Sabir , Iftikhar Hussain Shah , Ghulam Abbas Ashraf , Muhammad Azam , Shazma Gulzar , Songtao Jiu , Caixi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green nanotechnology holds significant potential for use in agriculture due to its antifungal properties, ability to control fungal diseases, and reduce the reliance on chemical fungicides. <em>Prunus avium</em> (sweet cherry) is highly valued for its nutritional content but is vulnerable to microbial infections, particular postharvest. This work aims to use zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) obtained from <em>Artemisia annua</em> to diagnose and manage fruit rot disease in sweet cherry. The synthesis of ZnO-NPs was confirmd sing several characterization methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visible spectroscopy (UV), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Transmission Electron Microscopy, which revealed a uniform spherical morphology. In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated significant antifungal effectiveness of ZnO-NPs against the <em>Fusarium equiseti</em> (<em>F. equiseti</em>). Specifically, ZnO-NPs at 100 mg/L concentrations inhibited mycelial growth by over 88 %. This treatment also reduced the severity of fruit rot by approximately 77.8 % in in vivo studies using the wound method. These findings support using ZnO-NPs as a biocompatible and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional chemical fungicides in agriculture. Future research should focus on scaling up the synthesis process for industrial applications, exploring the long-term environmental impact, and assessing the broader applicability of ZnO-NPs in managing other phytopathogenic diseases across various crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Pistia stratiotes for phytoremediation of copper oxide nanoparticle contaminated water under nutrient variability: Mechanisms of uptake and detoxification 在养分变异条件下评估层状雌鱼对氧化铜纳米颗粒污染水的植物修复作用：吸收和解毒机制

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100206

Uttara Sukul , Koyeli Das , Kuo-Chen Yeh , Md. Taharia , Gobinda Dey , Raju Kumar Sharma , Pin Yun Lin , Han-Lin Tsa , Chien-Yen Chen

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), increasingly released into aquatic environments due to anthropogenic activities, pose emerging risks to ecological health and water quality. While several studies have addressed CuONPs toxicity in aquatic organisms, the role of aquatic macrophytes in remediating nanoparticle pollution under variable nutrient conditions remains poorly understood. This study provides the first integrated evaluation of nutrient-dependent phytoremediation potential and physiological responses of Pistia stratiotes exposed to environmentally relevant CuONPs concentrations (10, 50, and 70 mg L⁻¹) in nutrient-rich Hoagland’s solution and nutrient-deficient distilled water (DDW). We demonstrate that nutrient availability mechanistically modulates both CuONPs uptake and detoxification: nutrient sufficiency enhanced pigment stability and supported antioxidant homeostasis, facilitating efficient CuONPs removal (up to 87.6 %), whereas nutrient deficiency intensified oxidative stress, suppressed growth, and disrupted detoxification pathways, thereby reducing removal efficiency (as low as 62.5 %). Elemental analysis (ICP-OES) confirmed preferential copper accumulation in roots, while LA-ICP-MS mapping revealed limited leaf translocation, consistent with a combined phytostabilization and restricted phytoextraction mechanism. Multivariate statistical analysis further revealed distinct nutrient-modulated stress response patterns across treatments. Collectively, these results establish nutrient availability as a critical determinant of nanoparticle uptake and detoxification dynamics, providing novel mechanistic insights into the adaptive capacity of P. stratiotes for CuONPs remediation and its application in sustainable water treatment.

由于人类活动，越来越多的氧化铜纳米颗粒（CuONPs）释放到水生环境中，对生态健康和水质构成了新的风险。虽然一些研究已经解决了CuONPs对水生生物的毒性问题，但水生植物在不同营养条件下修复纳米颗粒污染的作用仍然知之甚少。这项研究提供了第一个综合评价的营养素依赖性植物修复潜力和生理反应的水浮莲stratiotes暴露在环境相关浓度CuONPs(10、50和70 mg  L⁻¹)在营养丰富的霍格兰的解决方案和缺乏营养蒸馏水。(DDW)中所描述的我们证明了营养可用性在机械上调节CuONPs的摄取和解毒：营养充足增强了色素稳定性和支持抗氧化稳态，促进了CuONPs的有效去除（高达87.6% %），而营养缺乏加剧了氧化应激，抑制了生长，破坏了解毒途径，从而降低了去除效率（低至62.5% %）。元素分析（ICP-OES）证实了铜在根中的优先积累，而LA-ICP-MS图谱显示了有限的叶片转运，符合植物稳定和限制植物提取的联合机制。多元统计分析进一步揭示了不同处理中不同营养调节的应激反应模式。总的来说，这些结果确定了养分有效性是纳米颗粒吸收和解毒动力学的关键决定因素，为层状拟南芥对CuONPs修复的适应能力及其在可持续水处理中的应用提供了新的机制见解。

{"title":"Assessing Pistia stratiotes for phytoremediation of copper oxide nanoparticle contaminated water under nutrient variability: Mechanisms of uptake and detoxification","authors":"Uttara Sukul , Koyeli Das , Kuo-Chen Yeh , Md. Taharia , Gobinda Dey , Raju Kumar Sharma , Pin Yun Lin , Han-Lin Tsa , Chien-Yen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), increasingly released into aquatic environments due to anthropogenic activities, pose emerging risks to ecological health and water quality. While several studies have addressed CuONPs toxicity in aquatic organisms, the role of aquatic macrophytes in remediating nanoparticle pollution under variable nutrient conditions remains poorly understood. This study provides the first integrated evaluation of nutrient-dependent phytoremediation potential and physiological responses of <em>Pistia stratiotes</em> exposed to environmentally relevant CuONPs concentrations (10, 50, and 70 mg L⁻¹) in nutrient-rich Hoagland’s solution and nutrient-deficient distilled water (DDW). We demonstrate that nutrient availability mechanistically modulates both CuONPs uptake and detoxification: nutrient sufficiency enhanced pigment stability and supported antioxidant homeostasis, facilitating efficient CuONPs removal (up to 87.6 %), whereas nutrient deficiency intensified oxidative stress, suppressed growth, and disrupted detoxification pathways, thereby reducing removal efficiency (as low as 62.5 %). Elemental analysis (ICP-OES) confirmed preferential copper accumulation in roots, while LA-ICP-MS mapping revealed limited leaf translocation, consistent with a combined phytostabilization and restricted phytoextraction mechanism. Multivariate statistical analysis further revealed distinct nutrient-modulated stress response patterns across treatments. Collectively, these results establish nutrient availability as a critical determinant of nanoparticle uptake and detoxification dynamics, providing novel mechanistic insights into the adaptive capacity of <em>P. stratiotes</em> for CuONPs remediation and its application in sustainable water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plants primed with CeO2 nanoparticles increased DNA methylation level to convey transgenerational salinity tolerance 注入CeO2纳米颗粒的植物增加DNA甲基化水平，传递跨代耐盐性

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100214

Yanhui Li , Jie Qi , Quanlong Gao , Chao He , Jiangjiang Gu , Zhouli Xie , Zhaohu Li , Honghong Wu

Salt stress, a major abiotic stress worldwide, adversely affects crop yield and quality. Nano-priming has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance plant salt tolerance. However, whether nano-priming improved plant salt tolerance can be imparted to its next generation is rarely studied. Also, the mechanisms behind nano-priming induced transgenerational stress tolerance in plants are still unclear. Herein, we synthesized negatively charged cerium oxide nanoparticles coated with polyacrylic acid (PNC) and investigated the effects of PNC-priming on salt tolerance in Arabidopsis offspring seedlings. By employing whole-genome methylation sequencing (WGBS) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), we revealed the molecular mechanism behind PNC-priming transgenerational regulation of salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. The experimental results demonstrate that PNC-priming improved Arabidopsis offspring seedlings salt tolerance, an increase of 21.17 % (p < 0.05) and 52.15 % (p < 0.05) in fresh weight in shoots and roots, respectively. WGBS analysis revealed that PNC-priming induced the changes of DNA methylation in Arabidopsis offspring seedlings under salt stress. Integration of WGBS and RNA-seq data indicated that DNA methylation modulated the expression of genes response to peroxidase (POD) activity, osmotic stress, oxidative stress, and salt stress. PNC-priming also enhanced POD activity (15.69 %, p < 0.05) in the offspring seedlings under 100 mM NaCl, thereby maintaining better reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Overall, this study further confirms the transgenerational regulation of plant salt tolerance by nanomaterials and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.

盐胁迫是世界范围内主要的非生物胁迫，严重影响作物的产量和品质。纳米引物已成为提高植物耐盐性的一种很有前途的策略。然而，纳米引物对植物耐盐性的改善能否遗传给下一代的研究却很少。此外，纳米启动诱导植物跨代抗逆性的机制尚不清楚。本文合成了带负电荷的聚丙烯酸包覆氧化铈纳米粒子（PNC），并研究了PNC引发对拟南芥后代幼苗耐盐性的影响。通过全基因组甲基化测序（WGBS）和转录组测序（RNA-seq），我们揭示了pnc引发的拟南芥耐盐跨代调控的分子机制。结果表明，pnc处理提高了拟南芥子代幼苗的耐盐性，分别提高了21.17 % （p <； 0.05）和52.15 % （p <； 0.05）。WGBS分析显示，pnc引发盐胁迫下拟南芥子代幼苗DNA甲基化的变化。整合WGBS和RNA-seq数据表明，DNA甲基化调节了过氧化物酶（POD）活性、渗透胁迫、氧化胁迫和盐胁迫的基因表达。在100 mM NaCl处理下，pnc还增强了子代幼苗的POD活性（15.69 %,p <； 0.05），从而维持了较好的活性氧（ROS）稳态。总之，本研究进一步证实了纳米材料对植物耐盐性的跨代调控，并阐明了其潜在机制。

{"title":"Plants primed with CeO2 nanoparticles increased DNA methylation level to convey transgenerational salinity tolerance","authors":"Yanhui Li , Jie Qi , Quanlong Gao , Chao He , Jiangjiang Gu , Zhouli Xie , Zhaohu Li , Honghong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt stress, a major abiotic stress worldwide, adversely affects crop yield and quality. Nano-priming has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance plant salt tolerance. However, whether nano-priming improved plant salt tolerance can be imparted to its next generation is rarely studied. Also, the mechanisms behind nano-priming induced transgenerational stress tolerance in plants are still unclear. Herein, we synthesized negatively charged cerium oxide nanoparticles coated with polyacrylic acid (PNC) and investigated the effects of PNC-priming on salt tolerance in <em>Arabidopsis</em> offspring seedlings. By employing whole-genome methylation sequencing (WGBS) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), we revealed the molecular mechanism behind PNC-priming transgenerational regulation of salt tolerance in <em>Arabidopsis</em>. The experimental results demonstrate that PNC-priming improved <em>Arabidopsis</em> offspring seedlings salt tolerance, an increase of 21.17 % (<em>p</em> < 0.05) and 52.15 % (<em>p</em> < 0.05) in fresh weight in shoots and roots, respectively. WGBS analysis revealed that PNC-priming induced the changes of DNA methylation in <em>Arabidopsis</em> offspring seedlings under salt stress. Integration of WGBS and RNA-seq data indicated that DNA methylation modulated the expression of genes response to peroxidase (POD) activity, osmotic stress, oxidative stress, and salt stress. PNC-priming also enhanced POD activity (15.69 %, <em>p < 0.05</em>) in the offspring seedlings under 100 mM NaCl, thereby maintaining better reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Overall, this study further confirms the transgenerational regulation of plant salt tolerance by nanomaterials and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Harnessing nanotechnology to alleviate abiotic stresses in agricultural plants 利用纳米技术减轻农业植物的非生物胁迫

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100213

Zaid Ulhassan, Renato Grillo, Weijun Zhou, Mohamed Salay Sheteiwy, Mohammad Nauman Khan, Xinghong Yang

引用次数: 0

Unraveling nanocarrier dynamics: Insights into the foliar application, uptake, and translocation of fluorescently-labeled zein nanoparticles in soybean plants 揭示纳米载体动力学：对大豆植物中荧光标记的玉米蛋白纳米颗粒的叶面应用、吸收和易位的见解

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100209

Patricia Luiza de Freitas Proença , Estefânia Vangelie Ramos Campos , Ana Cristina Preisler , Amanda Martins Dionisio , Halley Caixeta Oliveira , Waldiceu Aparecido Verri Junior , Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto

The use of nanotechnology in agriculture has the potential to revolutionize the agroindustry, offering promising avenues for increased crop yields, reduced resource consumption, and enhanced pest control with lower environmental contamination. Despite these promising benefits, the full extent of their mechanisms of action remains a subject of ongoing research. Zein nanoparticles loaded with curcumin and carvacrol were investigated for their interaction with soybean plants. To enable visualization and quantification in biological compartments, the nanoparticles were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). The FITC-labeled zein nanoparticles co-loaded with curcumin and carvacrol exhibited a mean diameter of approximately 100 ± 1 nm, a polydispersity index above 0.2, and a positive zeta potential of 23 ± 2 mV. After foliar application, the nanocarriers effectively penetrated the mesophyll and showed mobility through leaf tissues, with a marked accumulation at the leaflet apex. In addition, they demonstrated a preference for trichomes, which were detectable even at considerable distances from the application site. While the nanoparticles were able to move across leaf tissues, long-distance translocation to the roots was not confirmed. These findings provide clear evidence that zein nanoparticles can migrate to various plant tissues after foliar application; however, further studies are required to fully elucidate their uptake and translocation mechanisms.

在农业中使用纳米技术有可能使农业工业发生革命性的变化，为提高作物产量、减少资源消耗和在降低环境污染的情况下加强虫害防治提供了有希望的途径。尽管有这些有希望的好处，但它们的作用机制的全部程度仍然是正在进行的研究的主题。研究了载姜黄素和香芹酚的玉米蛋白纳米粒与大豆植物的相互作用。为了在生物隔间中实现可视化和定量，纳米颗粒被异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）标记。与姜黄素和香芹酚共载的fitc标记的玉米蛋白纳米颗粒的平均直径约为100 ± 1 nm，多分散指数大于0.2，zeta电位为23 ± 2 mV。叶面施药后，纳米载体有效渗透叶肉，并在叶片组织中表现出流动性，在小叶顶端有明显的积累。此外，它们表现出对毛状体的偏好，即使在距离应用地点相当远的地方也可以检测到。虽然纳米颗粒能够在叶片组织中移动，但尚未证实其能够远距离迁移到根部。这些发现为玉米蛋白纳米颗粒在叶面施用后可迁移到植物各组织提供了明确的证据；然而，需要进一步的研究来充分阐明它们的摄取和转运机制。

{"title":"Unraveling nanocarrier dynamics: Insights into the foliar application, uptake, and translocation of fluorescently-labeled zein nanoparticles in soybean plants","authors":"Patricia Luiza de Freitas Proença , Estefânia Vangelie Ramos Campos , Ana Cristina Preisler , Amanda Martins Dionisio , Halley Caixeta Oliveira , Waldiceu Aparecido Verri Junior , Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of nanotechnology in agriculture has the potential to revolutionize the agroindustry, offering promising avenues for increased crop yields, reduced resource consumption, and enhanced pest control with lower environmental contamination. Despite these promising benefits, the full extent of their mechanisms of action remains a subject of ongoing research. Zein nanoparticles loaded with curcumin and carvacrol were investigated for their interaction with soybean plants. To enable visualization and quantification in biological compartments, the nanoparticles were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). The FITC-labeled zein nanoparticles co-loaded with curcumin and carvacrol exhibited a mean diameter of approximately 100 ± 1 nm, a polydispersity index above 0.2, and a positive zeta potential of 23 ± 2 mV. After foliar application, the nanocarriers effectively penetrated the mesophyll and showed mobility through leaf tissues, with a marked accumulation at the leaflet apex. In addition, they demonstrated a preference for trichomes, which were detectable even at considerable distances from the application site. While the nanoparticles were able to move across leaf tissues, long-distance translocation to the roots was not confirmed. These findings provide clear evidence that zein nanoparticles can migrate to various plant tissues after foliar application; however, further studies are required to fully elucidate their uptake and translocation mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145322270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rice husk-biochar nano-carrier based 2, 4-D herbicide for efficient management of broad leaf weeds and sedges 基于稻壳-生物炭纳米载体的2,4 - d除草剂用于阔叶杂草和莎草的高效治理

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100203

Lisha Jose Kappen , V.S. Susha , M. Ameena , P. Shalini Pillai , T. Anuradha , K. Jayasankar , K.N. Anith

Rice husk (RHNC) and rice husk biochar (RHBNC) nano-carriers were evaluated for enhancing the bio-efficacy of 2,4-D herbicide. Nano-carriers were synthesized by planetary ball milling and loaded with 2,4-D at two weight ratios (1:0.25 and 1:0.10). Structural characterization was carried out using SEM, FT-IR, XRD, BET surface area, and BJH pore volume analysis. SEM images of ball-milled rice husk biochar revealed a porous structure with cracks and shrinkage, while FT-IR confirmed the presence of aromatic, carbonyl, and siloxane groups. XRD spectra of RHBNC displayed a broadened peak at 45° (2θ). BET analysis indicated reduced surface area (9.85 m² g⁻¹) and pore volume (0.043 cm³ g⁻¹) after herbicide loading. Bio-efficacy was assessed against Limnocharis flava and Cyperus rotundus in pots, followed by a field trial in upland rice. RHBNC (1:0.25) at 0.8 kg ha⁻¹ exhibited the highest weed control efficiency (95.33 % in purple nutsedge and 98.74 % in water cabbage) and significantly improved rice yield (2840 kg ha⁻¹), representing a 21 % increase over conventional 2,4-D. Enhanced soil biological activity was also observed, with higher dehydrogenase activity (31.70 µg TPF g⁻¹ soil d⁻¹) and bacterial counts (52.00 × 10⁶ CFU g⁻¹ wet soil) compared to conventional treatments. These results prove the efficacy of rice husk biochar as a good and ecofriendly nano-carrier of 2,4-D, providing enhanced weed control, crop yields, and soil microbial well-being.

研究了稻壳（RHNC）和稻壳生物炭（RHBNC）纳米载体对2,4- d除草剂生物药效的增强效果。采用行星球磨法制备了2,4- d纳米载体，并分别以1:0.25和1:10 .10的重量比加载。采用SEM、FT-IR、XRD、BET比表面积、BJH孔体积等方法进行了结构表征。球磨稻壳生物炭的SEM图像显示出多孔结构，具有裂缝和收缩，而FT-IR证实了芳香族，羰基和硅氧烷基团的存在。RHBNC的XRD谱图在45°（2θ）处有一个展宽的峰。BET分析表明，除草剂加载后，表面积（9.85 m²g⁻¹）和孔体积（0.043 cm³g⁻¹）减少。采用盆栽试验和旱稻田间试验，评价了对黄颡鱼和圆尾沙蚤的生物药效。RHBNC（1:25 . 0）在0.8 kg ha⁻¹ 中显示出最高的杂草防治效率（紫色豆角草95.33 %，水白菜98.74 %），并显著提高水稻产量（2840 kg ha⁻¹），比传统的2,4- d增产21 %。土壤生物活性也得到了增强，与常规治疗相比，脱氢酶活性（31.70 µg TPF g⁻¹土壤d⁻¹）和细菌数量（52.00 × 10⁶CFU g⁻¹湿土）更高。这些结果证明了稻壳生物炭作为一种良好的生态友好的2,4- d纳米载体的有效性，可以增强杂草控制，作物产量和土壤微生物健康。

{"title":"Rice husk-biochar nano-carrier based 2, 4-D herbicide for efficient management of broad leaf weeds and sedges","authors":"Lisha Jose Kappen , V.S. Susha , M. Ameena , P. Shalini Pillai , T. Anuradha , K. Jayasankar , K.N. Anith","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice husk (RHNC) and rice husk biochar (RHBNC) nano-carriers were evaluated for enhancing the bio-efficacy of 2,4-D herbicide. Nano-carriers were synthesized by planetary ball milling and loaded with 2,4-D at two weight ratios (1:0.25 and 1:0.10). Structural characterization was carried out using SEM, FT-IR, XRD, BET surface area, and BJH pore volume analysis. SEM images of ball-milled rice husk biochar revealed a porous structure with cracks and shrinkage, while FT-IR confirmed the presence of aromatic, carbonyl, and siloxane groups. XRD spectra of RHBNC displayed a broadened peak at 45° (2θ). BET analysis indicated reduced surface area (9.85 m² g⁻¹) and pore volume (0.043 cm³ g⁻¹) after herbicide loading. Bio-efficacy was assessed against <em>Limnocharis flava</em> and <em>Cyperus rotundus</em> in pots, followed by a field trial in upland rice. RHBNC (1:0.25) at 0.8 kg ha⁻¹ exhibited the highest weed control efficiency (95.33 % in purple nutsedge and 98.74 % in water cabbage) and significantly improved rice yield (2840 kg ha⁻¹), representing a 21 % increase over conventional 2,4-D. Enhanced soil biological activity was also observed, with higher dehydrogenase activity (31.70 µg TPF g⁻¹ soil d⁻¹) and bacterial counts (52.00 × 10⁶ CFU g⁻¹ wet soil) compared to conventional treatments. These results prove the efficacy of rice husk biochar as a good and ecofriendly nano-carrier of 2,4-D, providing enhanced weed control, crop yields, and soil microbial well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selenium nanoparticles enhance plant tolerance to salinity and protect from postharvest fungal infection 硒纳米颗粒增强植物耐盐性，防止采后真菌感染

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100217

Sandra Sierra , Mariano Ortega-Muñoz , Patricia Sánchez , Alejandro Castro-Cegrí , Inmaculada Sampedro , María Luisa Pérez-Bueno , Dolores Garrido , Francisco Palma

Nanotechnology is an emerging alternative to conventional phytochemicals for improving crop productivity and maintaining the postharvest fruit quality sustainably. In this work, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized by reduction of sodium selenite with ascorbic acid and stabilized with the natural polysaccharide dextrin. These SeNPs averaged 27 nm in diameter and featured an amorphous structure, exhibiting a high antioxidant capacity at ≥ 10 mg L⁻¹, and effective scavenging activity for reactive oxygen species (hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) at concentrations as low as 1 mg L⁻¹. Applied to seedlings of edible leaf plant (lettuce), these SeNPs enhanced plant growth, particularly root growth, and salinity tolerance, being 5 mg L⁻¹ the optimum concentration. The SeNPs also showed antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea, the main causal agent of gray mold in postharvest fruits: in vitro, SeNPs at 1 mg L⁻¹ caused a complete growth inhibition of B. cinerea, while in vivo, SeNPs at 10 mg L⁻¹ proved effective in preventing gray mold on grapes, raspberries and strawberries. As selenium could be incorporated into edible parts of the plant, and due to the interest in selenium fortification, the toxicity of SeNPs in humans was checked using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system. Their low toxicity in this animal model, together with the positive effect on seedlings growth and salinity tolerance, and postharvest antifungal activity, lay the foundation for future research in the implementation of these SeNPs in the agri-food industry.

纳米技术是传统植物化学物质的新兴替代品，可以提高作物生产力和可持续地保持采后水果质量。本文采用抗坏血酸还原亚硒酸钠合成纳米硒，并用天然多糖糊精进行稳定。这些SeNPs平均直径为27 nm，具有无定形结构，在≥ 10 mg L−1时表现出较高的抗氧化能力，在低至1 mg L−1时表现出对活性氧（羟基自由基和过氧化氢）的有效清除活性。将这些SeNPs应用于可食叶植物（生菜）的幼苗，可以促进植物生长，特别是根系生长，并提高耐盐性，最佳浓度为5 mg L−1。SeNPs还对采后果实灰霉病的主要致病因子灰霉病菌灰霉病菌（Botrytis cinerea）表现出抗真菌活性：在离体实验中，1 mg L−1的SeNPs能完全抑制灰霉病菌的生长，而在体内实验中，10 mg L−1的SeNPs能有效预防葡萄、树莓和草莓的灰霉病。由于硒可以被纳入植物的可食用部分，并且由于对硒强化的兴趣，因此以秀丽隐杆线虫为模型系统检查了SeNPs对人体的毒性。它们在动物模型中的低毒性，以及对幼苗生长和耐盐性的积极影响，以及采后抗真菌活性，为未来在农业食品工业中实施这些SeNPs的研究奠定了基础。

{"title":"Selenium nanoparticles enhance plant tolerance to salinity and protect from postharvest fungal infection","authors":"Sandra Sierra , Mariano Ortega-Muñoz , Patricia Sánchez , Alejandro Castro-Cegrí , Inmaculada Sampedro , María Luisa Pérez-Bueno , Dolores Garrido , Francisco Palma","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology is an emerging alternative to conventional phytochemicals for improving crop productivity and maintaining the postharvest fruit quality sustainably. In this work, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized by reduction of sodium selenite with ascorbic acid and stabilized with the natural polysaccharide dextrin. These SeNPs averaged 27 nm in diameter and featured an amorphous structure, exhibiting a high antioxidant capacity at ≥ 10 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, and effective scavenging activity for reactive oxygen species (hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) at concentrations as low as 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup>. Applied to seedlings of edible leaf plant (lettuce), these SeNPs enhanced plant growth, particularly root growth, and salinity tolerance, being 5 mg L<sup>−1</sup> the optimum concentration. The SeNPs also showed antifungal activity against <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, the main causal agent of gray mold in postharvest fruits: <em>in vitro,</em> SeNPs at 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> caused a complete growth inhibition of <em>B. cinerea,</em> while <em>in vivo</em>, SeNPs at 10 mg L<sup>−1</sup> proved effective in preventing gray mold on grapes, raspberries and strawberries. As selenium could be incorporated into edible parts of the plant, and due to the interest in selenium fortification, the toxicity of SeNPs in humans was checked using <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> as a model system. Their low toxicity in this animal model, together with the positive effect on seedlings growth and salinity tolerance, and postharvest antifungal activity, lay the foundation for future research in the implementation of these SeNPs in the agri-food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100217"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0