Plant Nano Biology最新文献_第2页

Next-gen nanoformulations for insect growth regulation: Reducing environmental load with targeted lufenuron delivery 用于调节昆虫生长的新一代纳米配方：减少环境负荷，靶向给药

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2026.100250

Marcos Lenz , Matheus Mota Lanzarin , Leonardo Marques de Almeida Mariano , Manoel Peres Zinelli , Jhones Luiz de Oliveira , Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto , Adriano Arrué Melo

The growing demand for sustainable pest control necessitates advanced delivery systems that enhance insecticidal efficacy while minimizing environmental impact. In this study, we developed and evaluated polycaprolactone (PCL)-based nanoparticles for encapsulating lufenuron, an insect growth regulator, with the primary aim of developing and characterizing the nanoformulation and the secondary aim of assessing its potential efficacy against Rachiplusia nu relative to conventional formulations. The nanoparticles were synthesized via nanoprecipitation and characterized by particle size (264 ± 5 nm), zeta potential (–44 ± 1.2 mV), encapsulation efficiency (>99 %), and surface morphology, with atomic force microscopy confirming uniform spherical structures. Stability studies over 90 days showed negligible size and surface charge variation, ensuring formulation robustness under storage conditions. In vitro release assays revealed an erosion-controlled release profile, with the nanoencapsulated formulation releasing the active compound up to eight times more slowly than free lufenuron. Biological performance was validated through in vitro (artificial diet) and in vivo (semi-field) assays conducted in duplicate trials. The nanoformulated (NP_PCL_LFN) and commercial lufenuron (LFN) achieved nearly 100 % larval mortality at the highest tested concentrations. NP_PCL_LFN maintained effective control at a reduced application rate, showing equivalence to the commercial formulation under low-concentration conditions. In semi-field trials, both treatments provided > 76 % control at full dose, with nanoencapsulation sustaining comparable efficacy at lower levels. These results underscore the potential of PCL-based nanoformulations to enhance pesticide stability, control release kinetics, and reduce application rates, offering a promising route for precision agriculture and resistance management in integrated pest control strategies.

对可持续虫害控制日益增长的需求需要先进的输送系统，以提高杀虫效果，同时最大限度地减少对环境的影响。在这项研究中，我们开发并评估了聚己内酯（PCL）纳米颗粒包封昆虫生长调节剂氟虫腈，主要目的是开发和表征纳米配方，次要目的是评估其相对于常规配方对牛棘虫的潜在功效。采用纳米沉淀法合成了纳米颗粒，并对其粒径（264 ± 5 nm）、zeta电位（-44 ± 1.2 mV）、包封效率（>99 %）和表面形貌进行了表征，原子力显微镜证实了纳米颗粒的均匀球形结构。90天的稳定性研究表明，尺寸和表面电荷变化可以忽略不计，确保了配方在储存条件下的稳健性。体外释放试验揭示了一个侵蚀控制的释放曲线，纳米胶囊制剂释放活性化合物的速度比游离的氟虫腈慢8倍。通过重复试验进行的体外（人工饲料）和体内（半场）试验验证了生物性能。在最高浓度下，纳米配方（NP_PCL_LFN）和商用氟虫腈（LFN）的幼虫死亡率接近100% %。NP_PCL_LFN在减少施用量的情况下仍能保持有效的控制，在低浓度条件下与商业配方相当。在半现场试验中，两种治疗方法在全剂量下提供了>； 76 %的控制，纳米胶囊化在较低剂量下保持相当的疗效。这些结果强调了基于pcl的纳米配方在提高农药稳定性、控制释放动力学和降低施用量方面的潜力，为精准农业和害虫综合防治策略中的抗性管理提供了一条有希望的途径。

{"title":"Next-gen nanoformulations for insect growth regulation: Reducing environmental load with targeted lufenuron delivery","authors":"Marcos Lenz , Matheus Mota Lanzarin , Leonardo Marques de Almeida Mariano , Manoel Peres Zinelli , Jhones Luiz de Oliveira , Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto , Adriano Arrué Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable pest control necessitates advanced delivery systems that enhance insecticidal efficacy while minimizing environmental impact. In this study, we developed and evaluated polycaprolactone (PCL)-based nanoparticles for encapsulating lufenuron, an insect growth regulator, with the primary aim of developing and characterizing the nanoformulation and the secondary aim of assessing its potential efficacy against <em>Rachiplusia nu</em> relative to conventional formulations. The nanoparticles were synthesized via nanoprecipitation and characterized by particle size (264 ± 5 nm), zeta potential (–44 ± 1.2 mV), encapsulation efficiency (>99 %), and surface morphology, with atomic force microscopy confirming uniform spherical structures. Stability studies over 90 days showed negligible size and surface charge variation, ensuring formulation robustness under storage conditions. In vitro release assays revealed an erosion-controlled release profile, with the nanoencapsulated formulation releasing the active compound up to eight times more slowly than free lufenuron. Biological performance was validated through in vitro (artificial diet) and in vivo (semi-field) assays conducted in duplicate trials. The nanoformulated (NP_PCL_LFN) and commercial lufenuron (LFN) achieved nearly 100 % larval mortality at the highest tested concentrations. NP_PCL_LFN maintained effective control at a reduced application rate, showing equivalence to the commercial formulation under low-concentration conditions. In semi-field trials, both treatments provided > 76 % control at full dose, with nanoencapsulation sustaining comparable efficacy at lower levels. These results underscore the potential of PCL-based nanoformulations to enhance pesticide stability, control release kinetics, and reduce application rates, offering a promising route for precision agriculture and resistance management in integrated pest control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100250"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From lab to leaf: Advances in nano-biosensors for real-time plant health monitoring 从实验室到叶片：用于实时植物健康监测的纳米生物传感器的进展

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2026.100248

Ankur Singh , Riddhi Dubey , Rashmita Priyadarshini Swain , Girijesh Kumar Patel , Sumit Kumar Singh , Pranjal Chandra

Integration of nanotechnology with plant diagnostics opening new avenues for real-time, high-resolution in-field monitoring of plant health and disease status in dynamic environmental conditions. This manuscript, “From Lab to Leaf: Advances in Nano-biosensors for Real-time Plant Health Monitoring,” highlights recent innovations in nano-biosensor platforms, including tattoo-based sensors, smart wraps or flexible sensor, and microneedle array sensors. These advanced diagnostics setting facilitate continuous, non-invasive or minimal invasive monitoring of key physiological parameters such as phytohormones, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), stress biomarker, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nutrient profile directly from plant. The review also discusses sensor design, signal transduction mechanisms, integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for efficient data interpretation, highlights the transformative potential of nanobiosensor in advancing sustainable agriculture through proactive, data-driven plant health management. Emphasis is placed on adopting green nanotechnology principles to ensure sustainable sensor development and deployment. Together, these emerging technologies are bridging the gap between laboratory innovation and field-scale application, advancing precision and sustainability in modern agriculture.

纳米技术与植物诊断的结合为动态环境条件下植物健康和疾病状态的实时、高分辨率现场监测开辟了新的途径。这篇论文，“从实验室到叶子：用于实时植物健康监测的纳米生物传感器的进展”，强调了纳米生物传感器平台的最新创新，包括基于纹身的传感器，智能包装或柔性传感器，以及微针阵列传感器。这些先进的诊断设置有助于对植物激素、挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）、应激生物标志物、活性氧（ROS）和营养成分等关键生理参数进行连续、无创或微创监测。该综述还讨论了传感器设计、信号转导机制、人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）的集成以实现有效的数据解释，强调了纳米生物传感器在通过主动、数据驱动的植物健康管理推进可持续农业方面的变革潜力。重点是采用绿色纳米技术原则，以确保可持续的传感器开发和部署。这些新兴技术共同弥合了实验室创新与现场规模应用之间的差距，推动了现代农业的精准性和可持续性。

{"title":"From lab to leaf: Advances in nano-biosensors for real-time plant health monitoring","authors":"Ankur Singh , Riddhi Dubey , Rashmita Priyadarshini Swain , Girijesh Kumar Patel , Sumit Kumar Singh , Pranjal Chandra","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integration of nanotechnology with plant diagnostics opening new avenues for real-time, high-resolution in-field monitoring of plant health and disease status in dynamic environmental conditions. This manuscript, <em>“From Lab to Leaf: Advances in Nano-biosensors for Real-time Plant Health Monitoring,”</em> highlights recent innovations in nano-biosensor platforms, including tattoo-based sensors, smart wraps or flexible sensor, and microneedle array sensors. These advanced diagnostics setting facilitate continuous, non-invasive or minimal invasive monitoring of key physiological parameters such as phytohormones, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), stress biomarker, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nutrient profile directly from plant. The review also discusses sensor design, signal transduction mechanisms, integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for efficient data interpretation, highlights the transformative potential of nanobiosensor in advancing sustainable agriculture through proactive, data-driven plant health management. Emphasis is placed on adopting green nanotechnology principles to ensure sustainable sensor development and deployment. Together, these emerging technologies are bridging the gap between laboratory innovation and field-scale application, advancing precision and sustainability in modern agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100248"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles on bio-macromolecules, antioxidants and bacoside-A of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell 揭示氧化铈纳米颗粒对假马齿苋生物大分子、抗氧化剂及假马齿苋苷a的影响Pennell

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2026.100247

Subodh Kumar, Vippan Kaur, Poornima Vajpayee

CeO₂ nanoparticles commercially utilised in petroleum, pharma and agriculture industry. Their release and deposition in agri-environment may affect the plant growth yield. Their accumulation in plant poses threat to consumers and human as well. In this study, the effect of CeO₂ NPs (0; 2; 4 µg mL⁻¹) on plant stress markers, antioxidant defence system, bio-macromolecule composition and bacoside-A of Bacopa monnieri has been studied. ICP-MS and SEM EDAX data confirmed the uptake and buildup of cerium in different tissues of B. monnieri. Ce accumulation in stomata caused structural distortion in stomatal morphology. The concentration dependent accumulation of cerium accompanied upregulation of oxidative stress markers (MDA, H₂O₂)_. The alterations in bio-macromolecules also depended on exposure concentrations of CeO₂ NPs. Further, increased levels of cellular and enzymatic antioxidants have been observed at both experimental concentrations of CeO₂ NPs as compared to control. The stimulated antioxidants served as a plant defence response against CeO₂ NPs induced abiotic stress. A maximum increment of 53.3 % in Bacoside-A yield has also been observed at 4 µg mL⁻¹ CeO₂ NPs. The ability B. monnieri to internalize CeO₂ NPs may serve as a candidate species for phytoremediation of CeO₂ NPs contaminated agri-environments. Further CeO₂ NPs, elevated phytotoxic risk raises concerns about their regulated use and disposal in agri-environment.

CeO2纳米颗粒在石油、制药和农业工业中的商业应用。它们在农业环境中的释放和沉积会影响植物的生长产量。它们在植物体内的积累对消费者和人类都构成了威胁。本研究研究了CeO2 NPs（0; 2; 4 µg mL−1）对假马尾草植物胁迫标记物、抗氧化防御系统、生物大分子组成和假马尾草苷a的影响。ICP-MS和SEM EDAX数据证实了白僵菌在不同组织中对铈的吸收和积累。Ce在气孔中的积累导致气孔形态结构扭曲。铈的浓度依赖性积累伴随着氧化应激标志物（MDA, H2O2）的上调。生物大分子的变化也依赖于暴露浓度的CeO2 NPs。此外，与对照组相比，在两种实验浓度的CeO2 NPs下，细胞和酶抗氧化剂水平均有所增加。受刺激的抗氧化剂是植物对CeO2 NPs诱导的非生物胁迫的防御反应。当浓度为4 µg mL−1 CeO2 NPs时，Bacoside-A的产率最高可达53.3 %。monnieri内化CeO2 NPs的能力可以作为植物修复CeO2 NPs污染农业环境的候选物种。此外，CeO2 NPs的植物毒性风险升高引起了人们对其在农业环境中的规范使用和处置的关注。

{"title":"Unveiling the impact of cerium oxide nanoparticles on bio-macromolecules, antioxidants and bacoside-A of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell","authors":"Subodh Kumar, Vippan Kaur, Poornima Vajpayee","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CeO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles commercially utilised in petroleum, pharma and agriculture industry. Their release and deposition in agri-environment may affect the plant growth yield. Their accumulation in plant poses threat to consumers and human as well. In this study, the effect of CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs (0; 2; 4 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) on plant stress markers, antioxidant defence system, bio-macromolecule composition and bacoside-A of <em>Bacopa monnieri</em> has been studied. ICP-MS and SEM EDAX data confirmed the uptake and buildup of cerium in different tissues of <em>B. monnieri.</em> Ce accumulation in stomata caused structural distortion in stomatal morphology. The concentration dependent accumulation of cerium accompanied upregulation of oxidative stress markers (MDA, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)<sub>.</sub> The alterations in bio-macromolecules also depended on exposure concentrations of CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs. Further, increased levels of cellular and enzymatic antioxidants have been observed at both experimental concentrations of CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs as compared to control. The stimulated antioxidants served as a plant defence response against CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs induced abiotic stress. A maximum increment of 53.3 % in Bacoside-A yield has also been observed at 4 µg mL<sup>−1</sup> CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs. The ability <em>B. monnieri</em> to internalize CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs may serve as a candidate species for phytoremediation of CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs contaminated agri-environments. Further CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs, elevated phytotoxic risk raises concerns about their regulated use and disposal in agri-environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chitosan nanoparticles enhance salinity tolerance in Lallemantia iberica by modulating physiological and biochemical responses 壳聚糖纳米颗粒通过调节生物生理生化反应增强伊比利亚小扁豆的耐盐性

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2026.100245

Saba Nadimi, Seyed Hamed Moazzami Farida

Soil salinity severely restricts the growth of Lallemantia iberica, a salt-sensitive medicinal plant. This study evaluated whether chitosan nanoparticles (CNs) enhance salinity tolerance by modulating physiological and biochemical responses. Plants subjected to 0, 30, and 60 mM NaCl were sprayed with 0, 75 mg L⁻¹ (CN75) or 150 mg L⁻¹ (CN150). Severe salinity reduced biomass and chlorophylls by ∼40–65 %, caused a sevenfold decline in carotenoids, doubled malondialdehyde (MDA), increased hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) by ∼65 %, and lowered the K⁺/Na⁺ ratio from 8.49 to 0.72. CNs alleviated these impairments in a dose- and stress-dependent manner: CN75 was most effective under severe stress, reducing MDA by 36 %, lowering H₂O₂ to ∼65 % of untreated plants, and increasing total soluble protein by ∼25 %, while CN150 supported higher pigment retention and partially restored ionic homeostasis under moderate salinity. The CN application also enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD), stabilised proteins, and stimulated phenolic metabolism by increasing phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL) activities, consistent with elevated levels of gallic and rosmarinic acids detected by HPLC. Multivariate analyses confirmed coordinated improvements in redox balance, osmotic regulation, ion homeostasis, and secondary metabolism. By strengthening antioxidant capacity and metabolic integration, CNs enabled L. iberica to maintain functional stability and growth under salinity stress. Totally, these findings highlight CNs as effective nanobiostimulants that enhance resilience through integrated physiological and metabolic adjustments.

土壤盐度严重限制了一种对盐敏感的药用植物伊比利亚的生长。本研究评估了壳聚糖纳米颗粒（CNs）是否通过调节生理生化反应来增强耐盐性。分别用0.75 mg L−1 （CN75）和150 mg L−1 （CN150）分别喷洒0、30和60 mM NaCl的植株。严重的盐度使生物量和叶绿素减少了~ 40-65 %，类胡萝卜素下降了7倍，丙二醛（MDA）增加了一倍，过氧化氢（H2O2）增加了~ 65 %，K+/Na+比值从8.49降低到0.72。CNs以剂量和胁迫依赖的方式减轻了这些损伤：CN75在严重胁迫下最有效，使未处理植物的MDA降低了36% %，H2O2降低到~ 65 %，总可溶性蛋白增加了~ 25 %，而CN150在中等盐度下支持更高的色素保留和部分恢复离子稳态。CN还增强了抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT、POD）活性，稳定了蛋白质，并通过增加苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）和酪氨酸解氨酶（TAL）活性来刺激酚代谢，这与HPLC检测到的没食子酸和迷迭香酸水平升高一致。多变量分析证实了氧化还原平衡、渗透调节、离子稳态和次级代谢的协调改善。CNs通过增强抗氧化能力和代谢整合，使伊比利亚菌在盐度胁迫下保持功能稳定和生长。总之，这些发现强调了中枢神经网络作为有效的纳米生物兴奋剂，通过综合生理和代谢调节来增强恢复力。

{"title":"Chitosan nanoparticles enhance salinity tolerance in Lallemantia iberica by modulating physiological and biochemical responses","authors":"Saba Nadimi, Seyed Hamed Moazzami Farida","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2026.100245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinity severely restricts the growth of <em>Lallemantia iberica</em>, a salt-sensitive medicinal plant. This study evaluated whether chitosan nanoparticles (CNs) enhance salinity tolerance by modulating physiological and biochemical responses. Plants subjected to 0, 30, and 60 mM NaCl were sprayed with 0, 75 mg L<sup>−1</sup> (CN75) or 150 mg L<sup>−1</sup> (CN150). Severe salinity reduced biomass and chlorophylls by ∼40–65 %, caused a sevenfold decline in carotenoids, doubled malondialdehyde (MDA), increased hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) by ∼65 %, and lowered the K<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> ratio from 8.49 to 0.72. CNs alleviated these impairments in a dose- and stress-dependent manner: CN75 was most effective under severe stress, reducing MDA by 36 %, lowering H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> to ∼65 % of untreated plants, and increasing total soluble protein by ∼25 %, while CN150 supported higher pigment retention and partially restored ionic homeostasis under moderate salinity. The CN application also enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD), stabilised proteins, and stimulated phenolic metabolism by increasing phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL) activities, consistent with elevated levels of gallic and rosmarinic acids detected by HPLC. Multivariate analyses confirmed coordinated improvements in redox balance, osmotic regulation, ion homeostasis, and secondary metabolism. By strengthening antioxidant capacity and metabolic integration, CNs enabled <em>L. iberica</em> to maintain functional stability and growth under salinity stress. Totally, these findings highlight CNs as effective nanobiostimulants that enhance resilience through integrated physiological and metabolic adjustments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100245"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic application of biostimulant and selenium nanoparticles enhances drought tolerance in potato through integrated physiological and transcriptomic modulation 生物刺激素和纳米硒协同应用通过综合生理和转录组调控提高马铃薯的抗旱性

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100244

Salem M. AL-Amri

Drought stress is a major constraint on global potato productivity, necessitating innovative mitigation strategies. This study investigates the potential of exogenous serotonin (5HT) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), both individually and in combination, as biostimulants to enhance drought resistance in potato. Through integrated physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses, we demonstrate that while individual treatments provide moderate protection, the combined 5HT-SeNPs application significantly enhances water relations, photosynthetic efficiency and water use efficiency under drought conditions. The synergistic treatment achieved superior water retention, optimal osmotic adjustment and enhanced photosynthetic recovery compared to individual applications. Furthermore, 5HT and SeNPs synergistically strengthened antioxidant defenses by reducing H₂O₂ accumulation to control levels while maximizing enzymatic activities (SOD, CAT, POD) and promoting balanced osmolyte accumulation. Phytohormone profiling revealed that the combined treatment effectively modulates stress signaling by maintaining optimal ABA and IAA balance while enhancing SA and JA-mediated defense responses. Transcriptomic analysis identified extensive gene expression changes, indicating comprehensive metabolic reprogramming in photosynthesis, hormone signaling, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and antioxidant pathways. Our findings provide novel insights into the synergistic mechanisms of 5HT and SeNPs-mediated drought tolerance and highlight their potential as an innovative, sustainable strategy to improve potato resilience in water-limited environments.

干旱胁迫是全球马铃薯生产力的主要制约因素，因此需要创新的缓解战略。本研究探讨了外源性5 -羟色胺（5HT）和硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）单独或联合作为生物刺激剂增强马铃薯抗旱性的潜力。通过综合的生理、生化和分子分析，我们发现在干旱条件下，单个处理提供适度的保护，但5HT-SeNPs联合施用显著提高了水分关系、光合效率和水分利用效率。与单独施用相比，协同处理获得了更好的保水性，最佳的渗透调节和增强的光合恢复。此外，5HT和SeNPs通过减少H₂O₂积累来控制水平，同时最大化酶活性（SOD， CAT， POD）和促进平衡的渗透物积累，从而协同增强抗氧化防御。植物激素分析显示，联合处理通过维持最佳的ABA和IAA平衡，同时增强SA和ja介导的防御反应，有效调节胁迫信号。转录组学分析发现了广泛的基因表达变化，表明在光合作用、激素信号、苯丙类生物合成和抗氧化途径中进行了全面的代谢重编程。我们的研究结果为5HT和senps介导的抗旱性的协同机制提供了新的见解，并强调了它们作为一种创新的、可持续的策略来提高马铃薯在缺水环境中的抗旱性的潜力。

{"title":"Synergistic application of biostimulant and selenium nanoparticles enhances drought tolerance in potato through integrated physiological and transcriptomic modulation","authors":"Salem M. AL-Amri","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress is a major constraint on global potato productivity, necessitating innovative mitigation strategies. This study investigates the potential of exogenous serotonin (5HT) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), both individually and in combination, as biostimulants to enhance drought resistance in potato. Through integrated physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses, we demonstrate that while individual treatments provide moderate protection, the combined 5HT-SeNPs application significantly enhances water relations, photosynthetic efficiency and water use efficiency under drought conditions. The synergistic treatment achieved superior water retention, optimal osmotic adjustment and enhanced photosynthetic recovery compared to individual applications. Furthermore, 5HT and SeNPs synergistically strengthened antioxidant defenses by reducing H₂O₂ accumulation to control levels while maximizing enzymatic activities (SOD, CAT, POD) and promoting balanced osmolyte accumulation. Phytohormone profiling revealed that the combined treatment effectively modulates stress signaling by maintaining optimal ABA and IAA balance while enhancing SA and JA-mediated defense responses. Transcriptomic analysis identified extensive gene expression changes, indicating comprehensive metabolic reprogramming in photosynthesis, hormone signaling, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and antioxidant pathways. Our findings provide novel insights into the synergistic mechanisms of 5HT and SeNPs-mediated drought tolerance and highlight their potential as an innovative, sustainable strategy to improve potato resilience in water-limited environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100244"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carboxymethyl chitosan-cinnamaldehyde coated dendritic silica hybrid nanoparticles: A new improved antifungal agent for seed treatment through dual release of terpenes 羧甲基壳聚糖-肉桂醛包被的树突状二氧化硅杂化纳米颗粒：一种通过萜烯双释放的新型种子抗真菌剂

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100242

Maria Paz García-Simarro , Maria Mondéjar-López , Carolina Aguado , Oussama Ahrazem , Lourdes Gómez-Gómez , Enrique Niza

Regulatory restrictions on synthetic plant protection products (PPPs) have increased the demand for sustainable alternatives that combine antifungal efficacy with environmental safety. This study reports the development of a multimatrix nanosystem (dMSNP–Ger–CMC=CIN) integrating dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (dMSNPs) loaded with geraniol (Ger) and coated with a carboxymethyl chitosan–cinnamaldehyde (CMC=CIN) biopolymer. The hybrid platform enables pH-responsive, sustained release of natural bioactives with dual antifungal and biostimulant functions. Characterization confirmed spherical-dendritic nanoparticles (∼80 nm) and preserved porosity. Encapsulation achieved high efficiency (EE 32.3 %, LC 55.6 %) and stability post-functionalization. Controlled Ger release occurred mainly at basic pH due to CMC swelling. In vitro assays showed strong inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium citrinum, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) < 1 mg/mL, outperforming free Ger. In vivo tests on Triticum aestivum seeds revealed improved germination, biomass, and pigment balance under fungal stress. After 126 days, biochemical analyses indicated restored chlorophyll and carotenoids, reduced oxidative stress, and recovery of physiological homeostasis. These results highlight dMSNP–Ger–CMC=CIN as a promising eco-friendly nanoformulation for seed protection and sustainable crop management, bridging nanotechnology and natural product-based agriculture.

对合成植物保护产品（PPPs）的监管限制增加了对结合抗真菌功效和环境安全的可持续替代品的需求。本研究报道了一种多基质纳米系统（dMSNP-Ger-CMC =CIN）的开发，该系统整合了负载香叶醇（Ger）并包被羧甲基壳聚糖-肉桂醛（CMC=CIN）生物聚合物的树突介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒（dmsnp）。混合平台使ph响应，持续释放具有双重抗真菌和生物刺激功能的天然生物活性物质。表征证实了球形枝晶纳米颗粒（~ 80 nm）和保留的孔隙度。包封效率高（EE 32.3% %,LC 55.6% %），后功能化稳定性好。由于CMC的溶胀，在碱性pH下主要发生可控的Ger释放。体外实验表明，该菌对尖孢镰刀菌、黑曲霉和柠檬青霉有较强的抑制作用，最低抑制浓度（MIC）为 1 mg/mL，优于游离菌。在真菌胁迫下，小麦种子的萌发、生物量和色素平衡得到改善。126天后，生化分析表明叶绿素和类胡萝卜素恢复，氧化应激减少，生理稳态恢复。这些结果表明，dMSNP-Ger-CMC =CIN是一种很有前景的生态友好型纳米制剂，可用于种子保护和可持续作物管理，将纳米技术与基于天然产品的农业联系起来。

{"title":"Carboxymethyl chitosan-cinnamaldehyde coated dendritic silica hybrid nanoparticles: A new improved antifungal agent for seed treatment through dual release of terpenes","authors":"Maria Paz García-Simarro , Maria Mondéjar-López , Carolina Aguado , Oussama Ahrazem , Lourdes Gómez-Gómez , Enrique Niza","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regulatory restrictions on synthetic plant protection products (PPPs) have increased the demand for sustainable alternatives that combine antifungal efficacy with environmental safety. This study reports the development of a multimatrix nanosystem (dMSNP–Ger–CMC=CIN) integrating dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (dMSNPs) loaded with geraniol (Ger) and coated with a carboxymethyl chitosan–cinnamaldehyde (CMC=CIN) biopolymer. The hybrid platform enables pH-responsive, sustained release of natural bioactives with dual antifungal and biostimulant functions. Characterization confirmed spherical-dendritic nanoparticles (∼80 nm) and preserved porosity. Encapsulation achieved high efficiency (EE 32.3 %, LC 55.6 %) and stability post-functionalization. Controlled Ger release occurred mainly at basic pH due to CMC swelling. In vitro assays showed strong inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium citrinum, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) < 1 mg/mL, outperforming free Ger. In vivo tests on Triticum aestivum seeds revealed improved germination, biomass, and pigment balance under fungal stress. After 126 days, biochemical analyses indicated restored chlorophyll and carotenoids, reduced oxidative stress, and recovery of physiological homeostasis. These results highlight dMSNP–Ger–CMC=CIN as a promising eco-friendly nanoformulation for seed protection and sustainable crop management, bridging nanotechnology and natural product-based agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of chitosan nanoemulsion and Indole-3-butyric acid in the propagation of medicinal-ornamental Rosa damascena Mill. 壳聚糖纳米乳和吲哚-3-丁酸在药用观赏玫瑰繁殖中的应用。

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100235

Zahra Yaryani Hashemabadi , Mousa Solgi , Alireza Khaleghi , Gholamreza Goodarzi

Rosa damascena Mill., a member of the Rosaceae family, is an important medicinal and ornamental species globally known for its essential oil. However, despite its high economic value, this plant is considered difficult to root. One of the most critical parameters in rooting evaluation is the increase in rooting percentage and the number of roots during the cutting period. This study employed a factorial arrangement within a completely randomized design to develop a novel procedure for the vegetative propagation of Rosa damascena, applying five concentrations of Indole‑3‑Butyric Acid (up to 4000 mgL⁻¹) and Chitosan nanoemulsion (up to 2 % v/v) to hardwood stem cuttings. Fourteen morphological traits (leaf characteristics, callus formation, shoots, roots, and root fresh and dry weight) were evaluated on in R. damascena cuttings during winter. The results demonstrated that treatment with 1000 mgL⁻¹ IBA was the most effective, significantly improving the majority of traits, including rooting percentage and diameter, root fresh and dry weight, and survival rate. Application of 1000 mgL⁻¹ IBA increased the rooting percentage by 40 % compared with the control. No root or leaf formation was reported at the highest concentration of IBA, alone and/or with chitosan nanoemulsion. Furthermore, treatments with 0.2 and 0.5 % chitosan nanoemulsion and the combined application of 1000 mgL⁻¹ IBA with 0.2 % chitosan nanoemulsion were reported as the most effective. This combination significantly improved rooting percentage, chlorophyll index, length of the longest root, and the number of roots, shoots, and leaves. The findings demonstrate that the combination of chitosan nanoemulsion and IBA at lower concentrations is efficient for the propagation of R. damascena through stem cuttings. Thus, this cost-effective and innovative protocol offers a practical approach for the vegetative propagation of R. damascena.

玫瑰大马士革磨坊。蔷薇科的一种，是一种重要的药用和观赏植物，因其精油而闻名于世。然而，尽管它具有很高的经济价值，这种植物被认为很难根治。扦插期生根率和根数的增加是根系评价中最关键的参数之一。本研究采用完全随机设计的析因安排，开发了一种新的方法，用于damascena Rosa无性繁殖，将五种浓度的吲哚- 3 -丁酸（高达4000 mg / l−1）和壳聚糖纳米乳液（高达2 % v/v）应用于硬木茎扦插。对冬青插枝的14个形态性状（叶片特征、愈伤组织形成、芽、根、根鲜重和干重）进行了评价。结果表明，1000 mgL−1 IBA处理效果最好，显著提高了生根率和生根直径、根鲜重和根干重以及成活率等大部分性状。与对照相比，施用1000 mgL−1 IBA可使生根率提高40 %。在最高浓度的IBA处理下，单独处理和/或与壳聚糖纳米乳混合处理均未见根或叶形成。此外，0.2和0.5 %壳聚糖纳米乳液处理以及1000 mg / l−1 IBA与0.2 %壳聚糖纳米乳液联合应用的效果最好。该组合显著提高了生根率、叶绿素指数、最长根长度以及根、芽和叶的数量。研究结果表明，壳聚糖纳米乳与低浓度的IBA复合处理可有效促进大马花扦插繁殖。因此，这种具有成本效益和创新性的方法为大黄无性繁殖提供了一种实用的方法。

{"title":"Application of chitosan nanoemulsion and Indole-3-butyric acid in the propagation of medicinal-ornamental Rosa damascena Mill.","authors":"Zahra Yaryani Hashemabadi , Mousa Solgi , Alireza Khaleghi , Gholamreza Goodarzi","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Rosa damascena</em> Mill., a member of the Rosaceae family, is an important medicinal and ornamental species globally known for its essential oil. However, despite its high economic value, this plant is considered difficult to root. One of the most critical parameters in rooting evaluation is the increase in rooting percentage and the number of roots during the cutting period. This study employed a factorial arrangement within a completely randomized design to develop a novel procedure for the vegetative propagation of <em>Rosa damascena</em>, applying five concentrations of Indole‑3‑Butyric Acid (up to 4000 mgL<sup>−1</sup>) and Chitosan nanoemulsion (up to 2 % v/v) to hardwood stem cuttings. Fourteen morphological traits (leaf characteristics, callus formation, shoots, roots, and root fresh and dry weight) were evaluated on in <em>R. damascena</em> cuttings during winter. The results demonstrated that treatment with 1000 mgL<sup>−1</sup> IBA was the most effective, significantly improving the majority of traits, including rooting percentage and diameter, root fresh and dry weight, and survival rate. Application of 1000 mgL<sup>−1</sup> IBA increased the rooting percentage by 40 % compared with the control. No root or leaf formation was reported at the highest concentration of IBA, alone and/or with chitosan nanoemulsion. Furthermore, treatments with 0.2 and 0.5 % chitosan nanoemulsion and the combined application of 1000 mgL<sup>−1</sup> IBA with 0.2 % chitosan nanoemulsion were reported as the most effective. This combination significantly improved rooting percentage, chlorophyll index, length of the longest root, and the number of roots, shoots, and leaves. The findings demonstrate that the combination of chitosan nanoemulsion and IBA at lower concentrations is efficient for the propagation of <em>R. damascena</em> through stem cuttings. Thus, this cost-effective and innovative protocol offers a practical approach for the vegetative propagation of <em>R. damascena</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chitosan-dsRNA nanoparticles for targeted gene in the model C4 species Setaria viridis: synthesis, characterization, and preliminary assessment of fumarase gene silencing 壳聚糖- dsrna纳米颗粒在C4模式物种狗尾草中的靶向基因：合成、表征和富马酸酶基因沉默的初步评估

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100243

Carlos G. Castro , Karoline E. Duarte , Roberta Albino dos Reis , Victoria Alves Moreira , Ricardo Augusto Lombello , Juan C. Castro , Amedea B. Seabra , Danilo C. Centeno

The development of efficient gene-silencing techniques is essential for advancing plant biotechnology and enabling targeted approaches for crop improvement and weed management. This study investigated the potential of chitosan-based nanoparticles as a delivery system for double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting the fumarase gene in Setaria viridis, a model C4 grass species. Fumarase, a key enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, was selected due to its critical role in carbon metabolism and potential impact on plant growth. Using ionotropic gelation, we synthesized and characterized chitosan nanoparticles carrying fumarase-specific dsRNA, achieving consistent particle sizes of 246.6 ± 3.0 nm with a positive zeta potential of 15.3 ± 0.10 mV and a polydispersity index of 0.37 ± 0.01. We hypothesized that delivering the dsRNA using the Fumarase gene would lead to decreased levels of Fumarase expression. The nanoparticles demonstrated high dsRNA encapsulation efficiency (99.0 %) and maintained colloidal stability for up to 72 h under storage conditions. Fluorescence microscopy revealed successful uptake and distribution of rhodamine-labeled nanoparticles in S. viridis leaf tissue, with maximum accumulation observed at 48 h post-application. RT-qPCR analysis showed a 2.6-fold reduction in fumarase transcript levels 48 h after treatment, though this change did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). While the observed gene expression changes were modest, our findings demonstrate the feasibility of nanoparticle-mediated dsRNA delivery in S. viridis and provide insights for optimizing such systems. This study contributes to the developing field of non-transgenic gene regulation in plants and highlights both the potential and current limitations of nanoparticle-based RNA delivery systems for plant biotechnology applications.

开发有效的基因沉默技术对于推进植物生物技术和使作物改良和杂草管理有针对性的方法成为可能至关重要。本研究研究了壳聚糖纳米颗粒作为一种靶向富马酸酶基因的双链RNA （dsRNA）递送系统的潜力。延胡索酸酶是三羧酸循环中的关键酶，因其在碳代谢中的关键作用和对植物生长的潜在影响而被选中。采用离子化凝胶法制备了携带延胡索酶特异性dsRNA的壳聚糖纳米颗粒，其粒径为246.6 ± 3.0 nm，正zeta电位为15.3 ± 0.10 mV，多分散指数为0.37 ± 0.01。我们假设使用延胡索酶基因传递dsRNA会导致延胡索酶表达水平下降。纳米颗粒表现出高dsRNA包封效率（99.0 %），并在储存条件下保持长达72 h的胶体稳定性。荧光显微镜显示，罗丹明标记的纳米颗粒在绿草叶片组织中被成功吸收和分布，在施用后48 h观察到最大的积累。RT-qPCR分析显示，治疗后48 h富马酸酶转录物水平降低2.6倍，但这一变化没有达到统计学意义（p >； 0.05）。虽然观察到的基因表达变化不大，但我们的研究结果证明了纳米颗粒介导的dsRNA在病毒链球菌中传递的可行性，并为优化此类系统提供了见解。该研究为植物非转基因基因调控领域的发展做出了贡献，并突出了基于纳米颗粒的RNA传递系统在植物生物技术应用中的潜力和目前的局限性。

{"title":"Chitosan-dsRNA nanoparticles for targeted gene in the model C4 species Setaria viridis: synthesis, characterization, and preliminary assessment of fumarase gene silencing","authors":"Carlos G. Castro , Karoline E. Duarte , Roberta Albino dos Reis , Victoria Alves Moreira , Ricardo Augusto Lombello , Juan C. Castro , Amedea B. Seabra , Danilo C. Centeno","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of efficient gene-silencing techniques is essential for advancing plant biotechnology and enabling targeted approaches for crop improvement and weed management. This study investigated the potential of chitosan-based nanoparticles as a delivery system for double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting the fumarase gene in <em>Setaria viridis</em>, a model C4 grass species. Fumarase, a key enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, was selected due to its critical role in carbon metabolism and potential impact on plant growth. Using ionotropic gelation, we synthesized and characterized chitosan nanoparticles carrying fumarase-specific dsRNA, achieving consistent particle sizes of 246.6 ± 3.0 nm with a positive zeta potential of 15.3 ± 0.10 mV and a polydispersity index of 0.37 ± 0.01. We hypothesized that delivering the dsRNA using the Fumarase gene would lead to decreased levels of Fumarase expression. The nanoparticles demonstrated high dsRNA encapsulation efficiency (99.0 %) and maintained colloidal stability for up to 72 h under storage conditions. Fluorescence microscopy revealed successful uptake and distribution of rhodamine-labeled nanoparticles in <em>S. viridis</em> leaf tissue, with maximum accumulation observed at 48 h post-application. RT-qPCR analysis showed a 2.6-fold reduction in fumarase transcript levels 48 h after treatment, though this change did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). While the observed gene expression changes were modest, our findings demonstrate the feasibility of nanoparticle-mediated dsRNA delivery in <em>S. viridis</em> and provide insights for optimizing such systems. This study contributes to the developing field of non-transgenic gene regulation in plants and highlights both the potential and current limitations of nanoparticle-based RNA delivery systems for plant biotechnology applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100243"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soil applied biochars and foliar applied nanoparticles improve wheat growth in cadmium contaminated soil 土壤施用生物炭和叶面施用纳米颗粒促进了镉污染土壤中小麦的生长

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100241

Muhammad Anwar , Muhammad Farooq Qayyum , Hafiz Muhammad Zubair , Muhammad Aon

We studied the interactive effects of soil-applied algal-biochar (ABC) and sorghum-biochar (SBC) with foliar applications of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO-NP) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) on the growth and accumulation of cadmium (Cd) by wheat grown in a cadmium-contaminated soil (previously irrigated with sewage water). Algal and sorghum BCs were prepared using Kon-Tiki and analyzed prior to experimentation. Soil was amended with 1 % biochar (ABC or SBC) and filled into pots in which wheat was grown to maturity. FeO-NP and ZnO-NP (5 g L⁻¹) were applied foliarly. The results demonstrated a positive and significant influence of biochar and nanoparticles on agronomic parameters such as plant height, fertile tillers, grain yield, and straw yield. The agronomic attributes were highest in ABC-amended soil with FeO-NP foliar application. Grain Zn concentration increased significantly with ZnO-NP, while Cd concentrations in grain and straw decreased significantly with FeO-NP in SBC-amended soil. Soil pH and ECe were unaffected by NPs. However, ABC and SBC amended treatments showed a significant decrease in DTPA-extractable Cd, compared to No-BC treatments. The uptake of Cd by wheat grains decreased by 33 % with the foliar application of FeO-NP and ZnO-NP, respectively, in the absence of biochar (no-BC), while reductions of 34 % and 25 % were observed when SBC was applied to the soil in combination with FeO-NP foliar application. The study demonstrated that combined biochar and nanoparticle applications can mitigate Cd uptake, enhance Zn accumulation, and improve wheat growth in contaminated soils, with ABC and FeO-NP showing the most promising results.

研究了土壤施用藻类生物炭（ABC）和高粱生物炭（SBC）与叶面施用氧化铁纳米粒子（FeO-NP）和氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO-NP）对镉污染土壤（以前用污水灌溉）中小麦生长和镉（Cd）积累的交互作用。用Kon-Tiki法制备藻类和高粱的bc，并在实验前进行分析。土壤中添加1 %的生物炭（ABC或SBC），并填入小麦生长至成熟的盆栽中。FeO-NP和ZnO-NP（5 g L⁻¹）用于叶面。结果表明，生物炭和纳米颗粒对植株高度、肥力分蘖、粮食产量和秸秆产量等农艺参数有显著的正向影响。叶面施用FeO-NP的abc改良土壤农艺性状最高。sbc改良土壤中，ZnO-NP显著提高了籽粒Zn浓度，FeO-NP显著降低了籽粒和秸秆中Cd浓度。土壤pH和ECe不受NPs的影响。然而，与无bc处理相比，ABC和SBC处理显示dtpa可提取Cd显著降低。在不施用生物炭（no-BC）的情况下，叶面施用FeO-NP和ZnO-NP的小麦籽粒对Cd的吸收分别下降了33 %，而在土壤中施用SBC和FeO-NP的情况下，籽粒对Cd的吸收分别下降了34 %和25 %。研究表明，生物炭与纳米颗粒复合施用可减缓污染土壤对Cd的吸收，增加Zn的积累，并促进小麦生长，其中ABC和FeO-NP表现出最有希望的效果。

{"title":"Soil applied biochars and foliar applied nanoparticles improve wheat growth in cadmium contaminated soil","authors":"Muhammad Anwar , Muhammad Farooq Qayyum , Hafiz Muhammad Zubair , Muhammad Aon","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We studied the interactive effects of soil-applied algal-biochar (ABC) and sorghum-biochar (SBC) with foliar applications of iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO-NP) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) on the growth and accumulation of cadmium (Cd) by wheat grown in a cadmium-contaminated soil (previously irrigated with sewage water). Algal and sorghum BCs were prepared using Kon-Tiki and analyzed prior to experimentation. Soil was amended with 1 % biochar (ABC or SBC) and filled into pots in which wheat was grown to maturity. FeO-NP and ZnO-NP (5 g L⁻¹) were applied foliarly. The results demonstrated a positive and significant influence of biochar and nanoparticles on agronomic parameters such as plant height, fertile tillers, grain yield, and straw yield. The agronomic attributes were highest in ABC-amended soil with FeO-NP foliar application. Grain Zn concentration increased significantly with ZnO-NP, while Cd concentrations in grain and straw decreased significantly with FeO-NP in SBC-amended soil. Soil pH and ECe were unaffected by NPs. However, ABC and SBC amended treatments showed a significant decrease in DTPA-extractable Cd, compared to No-BC treatments. The uptake of Cd by wheat grains decreased by 33 % with the foliar application of FeO-NP and ZnO-NP, respectively, in the absence of biochar (no-BC), while reductions of 34 % and 25 % were observed when SBC was applied to the soil in combination with FeO-NP foliar application. The study demonstrated that combined biochar and nanoparticle applications can mitigate Cd uptake, enhance Zn accumulation, and improve wheat growth in contaminated soils, with ABC and FeO-NP showing the most promising results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100241"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic analysis of rice treated with ZnO nanoparticles after brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), BPH) infestation 氧化锌纳米粒子处理水稻褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens (statal)， BPH）侵染后的转录组学分析

IF 7.7

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2025.100237

Panatda Jannoey , Phanupong Changtor , Duangdao Channei , Sutthichat Kerdphon , Kittisak Buddhachat

The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), BPH) is a major rice pest that causes significant yield losses. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were employed to induce the activation of rice defense genes against BPH infestation. Rice seedlings were grown in ZnO-NPs supplemented medium under aseptic conditions for 8 weeks, after which they were transferred to pots prior to BPH infestation. Transcriptional profiles of rice plants treated with ZnO-NPs (Azn) and untreated (Ac) were examined following BPH infestation and compared with rice plants without BPH infestation (Bc). ZnO-NPs specifically induced the up-regulation of genes associated with zinc transport (AP3d1), helicase enzyme (DNA 2_4), grain quality and development (LGG, MADS-box), lignin biosynthesis (DIR48, CCR24) and the NINJA transcription factor involved in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling. This study also revealed that both Ac and Azn samples exhibited basal gene expression following BPH infestation, with activation of defense-related genes such as PR1a, phytoalexin (KS4), NBS-LRR (YR48), β-glucosidase (G4), pectin lyase (GAE1), lipase (GELP45, GELP67). Moreover, the Ac sample without ZnO-NPs treatment exhibited down-regulation of basal metabolic pathways, including protein metabolism (CL24, L40, L34), carbohydrate metabolism and chlorophyll-binding proteins. This metabolic suppression was consistent with the yellowing and wilting symptoms observed in Ac plants following BPH infestation. Gene ontology (GO) analysis supported the DEG findings, revealing that zinc transporter and stress-responsive genes, including those involved in JA signaling, wound response and oxidative stress were uniquely enriched in Azn-treated plants. The qRT-PCR validation showed results consistent with the RNA-seq expression profiles, confirming the reliability of the transcriptome data. Notably, genes such as Os03g0245800, Os09g0530200 and Os11g0590700 were markedly overexpressed under Azn treatment. ZnO-NPs may function as a biofertilizer and contribute to reducing insecticide dependence during BPH outbreaks.

褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens (stamatl)， BPH）是造成重大产量损失的主要水稻害虫。本研究利用氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO-NPs）诱导水稻防御BPH侵染的基因激活。水稻幼苗在添加ZnO-NPs的培养基中在无菌条件下生长8周，之后转移到BPH侵染前的盆栽中。在BPH侵染后，研究了ZnO-NPs处理（Azn）和未处理（Ac）水稻植株的转录谱，并与未侵染水稻植株（Bc）进行了比较。ZnO-NPs特异性诱导锌转运相关基因（AP3d1）、解旋酶（DNA 2_4）、籽粒品质与发育相关基因（LGG、MADS-box）、木质素生物合成相关基因（DIR48、CCR24）和茉莉酸（JA）信号通路相关转录因子NINJA的上调。该研究还发现，Ac和Azn样品在BPH侵染后均表现出基本的基因表达，并激活了防御相关基因，如PR1a、植物抗菌素（KS4）、nps - lrr （YR48）、β-葡萄糖苷酶（G4）、果胶裂解酶（GAE1）、脂肪酶（GELP45、GELP67）。此外，未经ZnO-NPs处理的Ac样品的基础代谢途径，包括蛋白质代谢（CL24、L40、L34）、碳水化合物代谢和叶绿素结合蛋白，均出现下调。这种代谢抑制与BPH侵染后在Ac植物中观察到的黄变和枯萎症状一致。基因本体论（GO）分析支持DEG的发现，揭示锌转运体和应激反应基因，包括参与JA信号，伤口反应和氧化应激的基因，在azn处理的植物中独特地富集。qRT-PCR验证结果与RNA-seq表达谱一致，证实了转录组数据的可靠性。值得注意的是，在Azn处理下，Os03g0245800、Os09g0530200和Os11g0590700等基因明显过表达。ZnO-NPs可能起到生物肥料的作用，有助于减少BPH暴发期间对杀虫剂的依赖。

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis of rice treated with ZnO nanoparticles after brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), BPH) infestation","authors":"Panatda Jannoey , Phanupong Changtor , Duangdao Channei , Sutthichat Kerdphon , Kittisak Buddhachat","doi":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plana.2025.100237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The brown planthopper (<em>Nilaparvata lugens</em> (Stål), BPH) is a major rice pest that causes significant yield losses. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were employed to induce the activation of rice defense genes against BPH infestation. Rice seedlings were grown in ZnO-NPs supplemented medium under aseptic conditions for 8 weeks, after which they were transferred to pots prior to BPH infestation. Transcriptional profiles of rice plants treated with ZnO-NPs (Azn) and untreated (Ac) were examined following BPH infestation and compared with rice plants without BPH infestation (Bc). ZnO-NPs specifically induced the up-regulation of genes associated with zinc transport (<em>AP3d1</em>), helicase enzyme (<em>DNA 2_4</em>), grain quality and development (<em>LGG</em>, <em>MADS-box</em>), lignin biosynthesis (<em>DIR48</em>, <em>CCR24</em>) and the NINJA transcription factor involved in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling. This study also revealed that both Ac and Azn samples exhibited basal gene expression following BPH infestation, with activation of defense-related genes such as <em>PR1a</em>, phytoalexin (<em>KS4</em>), NBS-LRR (<em>YR48</em>), β-glucosidase (<em>G4</em>), pectin lyase (<em>GAE1</em>), lipase (<em>GELP45, GELP67</em>). Moreover, the Ac sample without ZnO-NPs treatment exhibited down-regulation of basal metabolic pathways, including protein metabolism (<em>CL24, L40, L34</em>), carbohydrate metabolism and chlorophyll-binding proteins. This metabolic suppression was consistent with the yellowing and wilting symptoms observed in Ac plants following BPH infestation. Gene ontology (GO) analysis supported the DEG findings, revealing that zinc transporter and stress-responsive genes, including those involved in JA signaling, wound response and oxidative stress were uniquely enriched in Azn-treated plants. The qRT-PCR validation showed results consistent with the RNA-seq expression profiles, confirming the reliability of the transcriptome data. Notably, genes such as <em>Os03g0245800</em>, <em>Os09g0530200</em> and <em>Os11g0590700</em> were markedly overexpressed under Azn treatment. ZnO-NPs may function as a biofertilizer and contribute to reducing insecticide dependence during BPH outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101029,"journal":{"name":"Plant Nano Biology","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100237"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0