Plant Nano Biology最新文献_第4页

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and application in agriculture 利用植物生长促进根瘤菌绿色合成金属纳米颗粒及其在农业中的应用

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100111

Roohallah Saberi Riseh , Mozhgan Gholizadeh Vazvani

Nanotechnology holds significant promise for transforming the agricultural industry by enhancing efficiency and yield through the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles represents an innovative and environmentally friendly approach in agriculture that enhances crop yield and quality. Unlike traditional physical and chemical methods, which are costly and produce harmful by-products, green synthesis uses biological agents like plants, fungi, and bacteria, making the process more sustainable and cost-effective. Bacterial cells demonstrate superior efficiency in the green synthesis of nanoparticles compared to plant cells. Their effectiveness is attributed to their unique morphological features, surface structures, and the presence of exopolysaccharides, sugars, proteins, enzymes, and various functional groups (such as carboxyl, phosphate, and amide). Interaction between bacterial cells and nanotechnology presents a promising approach for advancing smart agriculture by enhancing soil fertility, plant protection, and nanoparticle synthesis efficiency. By entering the structure of a living organism as an external factor, nanoparticles can cause extensive changes in the physiology and function of the cell. Therefore, the presence of a biological mediating agent with potential mechanisms capable of reducing the negative effects of nanoparticles can increase their efficacy as a long-term factor and reduce concerns about the harmful effects of nanoparticles on nature and living cells. By activating the pathways of NADPH, glutathione, and biofilm formation, this living agent first moderates the harmful effects of nanoparticles and acts as a filter, then provides them for the cell as a healthy biological-nanotechnological agent through a process known as green synthesis. Integration of nanoparticles and PGPR offers a novel and efficient approach to increasing plant productivity and sustainability in agriculture.

纳米技术通过在纳米尺度上操纵材料来提高效率和产量，为农业产业的转型带来了巨大希望。金属纳米粒子的绿色合成是一种创新的环保型农业方法，可提高作物产量和质量。传统的物理和化学方法成本高昂且会产生有害的副产品，而绿色合成则不同，它使用植物、真菌和细菌等生物制剂，使整个过程更具可持续性和成本效益。与植物细胞相比，细菌细胞在纳米粒子的绿色合成中表现出更高的效率。细菌细胞的高效性归功于其独特的形态特征、表面结构以及外多糖、糖、蛋白质、酶和各种功能基团（如羧基、磷酸基和酰胺基）的存在。细菌细胞与纳米技术之间的相互作用为提高土壤肥力、植物保护和纳米粒子合成效率，从而推动智能农业的发展提供了一种前景广阔的方法。纳米粒子作为外部因素进入生物体结构后，可引起细胞生理和功能的广泛变化。因此，如果存在一种具有潜在机制、能够减少纳米粒子负面影响的生物调解剂，就可以提高纳米粒子作为长期因素的功效，减少人们对纳米粒子对自然界和活细胞有害影响的担忧。通过激活 NADPH、谷胱甘肽和生物膜形成的途径，这种生物制剂首先可以缓和纳米微粒的有害影响并起到过滤器的作用，然后通过一种被称为绿色合成的过程，作为一种健康的生物纳米技术制剂为细胞提供纳米微粒。纳米颗粒与 PGPR 的结合为提高植物生产力和农业的可持续性提供了一种新颖、高效的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of AgNPs production from Fusarium oxysporum H39 and its effectiveness as nanopesticides facing Pectobacterium carotovorum 优化 Fusarium oxysporum H39 产出的 AgNPs 及其作为纳米杀虫剂对果胶杆菌的有效性

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100104

Mayra Eleonora Beltrán Pineda , Luz Marina Lizarazo Forero , Cesar Augusto Sierra

In response to the increasing shortage of agrochemicals in developing countries, which directly impacts farmers' livelihoods, this study investigates the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) employ the enzymatic extract from a native strain of Fusarium oxysporum H39. These nanoparticles were assessed for their antibacterial efficacy facing potato tuber soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum. The optimal conditions for AgNP synthesis were determined to be a concentration of 3 mM, a pH of 10, and a temperature of 27°C over a 24-hour period. Under these conditions, spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 12.3 ± 4.3 nm were produced. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of organic compounds on the surface of the AgNPs, as evidenced by bands corresponding to C-O, C-N, and C-C bonds. The nanoparticles demonstrated significant nanopesticide activity facing the phytopathogenic bacterium P. carotovorum, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 25 ppm and 50 ppm identified through microdilution and macrodilution assays, respectively. Additionally, in controlled substrate tests, preventive treatment of tubers with a 100 ppm dose of AgNPs significantly reduced the weight of macerated tissue, the primary symptom of the disease.

发展中国家的农用化学品日益短缺，直接影响到农民的生计，为应对这一问题，本研究利用一种本地菌株 Fusarium oxysporum H39 的酶提取物合成了银纳米粒子 (AgNPs)。评估了这些纳米粒子对由果胶杆菌（Pectobacterium carotovorum）引起的马铃薯块茎软腐病的抗菌效果。AgNP 合成的最佳条件是浓度为 3 mM，pH 值为 10，温度为 27°C，持续时间为 24 小时。在这些条件下，产生了平均尺寸为 12.3 ± 4.3 nm 的球形纳米颗粒。傅立叶变换红外分析表明，AgNPs 表面存在有机化合物，对应于 C-O、C-N 和 C-C 键的条带证明了这一点。该纳米粒子对植物病原菌 P. carotovorum 具有显著的纳米杀虫活性，通过微量稀释和大量稀释试验确定的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）分别为 25 ppm 和 50 ppm。此外，在受控基质试验中，用 100ppm 剂量的 AgNPs 对块茎进行预防性处理，可显著降低浸渍组织的重量，而浸渍组织是该病的主要症状。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoemulsion edible coating for shelf-life improvement and quality control in perishable products 用于改善易腐产品货架期和质量控制的纳米乳液食用涂层

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100114

Diksha Thakur , Paki Rana , Shailesh Kumar Singh , Manish Bakshi , Sanjeev Kumar , Sanjay Singh

The perishable nature of a wide range of food commodities including horticultural produce is a challenge to global food and nutritional security and a hindrance in the target of zero hunger by 2030 (The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals). Nanoemulsion edible coating is an emerging technique for creating lipophilic active ingredient delivery systems to facilitate their integration with edible coatings applied over perishable horticultural produce. The current review provides insight into the formulation techniques, characteristics, stability, and application of nanoemulsion edible coatings to improve the quality and shelf-life of perishable horticultural produce. The nanoemulsion coatings on fruits and vegetables are analogous to modified atmosphere packaging, as these coatings create physical barriers to alter the gaseous exchange between the fruit’s internal and external atmosphere, increase the CO₂ concentration, lower the O₂ concentration, and reduce the respiration rate. The nanoscale droplets in the emulsion increase the surface area, allowing for improved coverage of the food surface and improving the barrier to prevent moisture loss, microbiological contamination, and oxidative deterioration and extending the freshness of fruits, vegetables, and other perishable foods. The nanoemulsion-based edible packaging/coating has the potential to revolutionize the food business by addressing issues such as food waste, sustainability, and consumer demand for healthier and longer-lasting products.

包括园艺产品在内的各种食品的易腐性是对全球粮食和营养安全的挑战，也是到 2030 年实现零饥饿目标（联合国可持续发展目标）的障碍。纳米乳液可食用涂层是一种新兴技术，用于创建亲脂性活性成分输送系统，以促进其与易腐园艺产品上的可食用涂层相结合。本综述深入探讨了纳米乳液可食用涂层的配方技术、特性、稳定性和应用，以提高易腐园艺产品的质量和货架期。水果和蔬菜上的纳米乳液涂层类似于改良气氛包装，因为这些涂层能形成物理屏障，改变水果内部和外部气氛之间的气体交换，增加二氧化碳浓度，降低氧气浓度，降低呼吸速率。乳液中的纳米级液滴增大了表面积，从而提高了对食品表面的覆盖率，改善了防止水分流失、微生物污染和氧化变质的屏障，延长了水果、蔬菜和其他易腐食品的保鲜期。基于纳米乳液的可食用包装/涂层有可能彻底改变食品行业，解决食品浪费、可持续发展以及消费者对更健康、更持久产品的需求等问题。

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引用次数: 0

Effective chitosan-antioxidant treatments for extending cassava shelf-life evaluated using silver nanosensor 利用纳米银传感器评估壳聚糖-抗氧化剂处理延长木薯货架期的效果

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100115

Adetoun Akitoye , Greatness Olaitan , Isaac Akinbulu , Wesley Okiei

Cassava is a highly resilient and versatile root crop that plays a crucial role in food security across many tropical regions. However, its short postharvest shelf-life results in significant losses, highlighting the need for effective strategies to extend its longevity. This study introduces a novel approach to monitoring and mitigating cassava deterioration by utilizing silver nanoparticle sensors to track hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) production, a key indicator of oxidative stress. Four economically viable cassava root cultivars were evaluated for their tolerance to postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) and quality retention after treatment with various chitosan-antioxidant formulations. The results indicated that the chitosan-quercetin formulation (CS-Q) was the most effective, achieving the lowest average H₂O₂ reduction of 67.7 % compared to untreated samples, followed by chitosan-beta-carotene (CS-BC) at 62.4 %, chitosan-ascorbic acid (CS-AA) at 38.3 %, and chitosan (CS) at 34.8 %. These reductions in H₂O₂ suggest that chitosan-antioxidant treatments can effectively delay PPD and extend cassava's shelf life for up to six months, depending on the cultivar, seasonal factors, and specific antioxidant composition. The successful implementation of this innovation offers a promising solution to delay PPD and enhance the efficiency of the cassava supply chain. Furthermore, this study contributes to the advancement of electrochemical techniques for assessing PPD and demonstrates the potential of chitosan-based materials in improving the postharvest preservation of cassava and potentially other crops.

木薯是一种生命力顽强、用途广泛的根茎作物，在许多热带地区的粮食安全中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，木薯收获后的货架期很短，会造成巨大损失，因此需要采取有效策略延长木薯的寿命。本研究介绍了一种监测和缓解木薯变质的新方法，即利用银纳米粒子传感器跟踪过氧化氢（H₂O₂）的产生，这是氧化应激的一个关键指标。评估了四种经济上可行的木薯根栽培品种对收获后生理退化（PPD）的耐受性，以及用各种壳聚糖抗氧化剂配方处理后的品质保持情况。结果表明，壳聚糖-槲皮素配方（CS-Q）最有效，与未经处理的样品相比，H₂O₂平均降低率最低，为 67.7%；其次是壳聚糖-β-胡萝卜素（CS-BC），降低率为 62.4%；壳聚糖-抗坏血酸（CS-AA），降低率为 38.3%；壳聚糖（CS），降低率为 34.8%。这些 H₂O₂的减少表明，壳聚糖-抗氧化剂处理可有效延缓 PPD，并延长木薯的货架期长达 6 个月，具体取决于栽培品种、季节因素和特定的抗氧化剂成分。这项创新的成功实施为延缓 PPD 和提高木薯供应链的效率提供了一个前景广阔的解决方案。此外，这项研究还促进了用于评估 PPD 的电化学技术的发展，并展示了壳聚糖基材料在改善木薯及其他潜在作物收获后保存方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of silver nanochitosan in protecting wheat seeds from fungal infection and increasing growth parameters 纳米壳聚糖银对保护小麦种子免受真菌感染和提高生长参数的影响

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100116

Divya Chouhan , Palash Mandal , Chandrani Choudhuri , Piyush Mathur

Wheat is regarded as the prime source of dietary carbohydrate, protein in the majority of countries all over the world. Wheat growth, productivity and seed quality has been extensively hampered by the aggression of seed-borne pathogens during post-harvest storage. The present work focus on the efficacy of chitosan-based Ag²⁺ nanoparticles (Ag-CNPs) for the management of seed borne pathogens of wheat and their subsequent effects on growth, yield, and quality of harvested seeds. For this, healthy seeds of wheat were nanoprimed with Ag-CNPs and further inoculated with A. flavus so as to induce pathogenic stress. These seeds were sown in pots in a completely randomized block design and plants were raised from both nanoprimed and inoculated seeds, while plants were also raised from non-nanoprimed primed and uninoculated that served as control. Nanoprimed and pathogen inoculated seeds effectively increased vegetative growth such as (132.31 %), fresh weight (1.63-fold), dry weight (1.67-fold), and panicle length (137.03 %). and amplified the number of grains per spike, harvest index, ten kernel weight, and yield/plant, despite of pathogenic interference. Concomitantly, Ag-CNPs nano-priming enhances the harvested seed quality raised from pathogen inoculated seeds plants. The integrated density of the bands obtained in SDS-PAGE of variedly primed seeds revealed that Ag-CNP priming improved wheat's total protein profiling with a denser band intensity. The antioxidant enzymatic activity of CAT, POD, SOD, and NOX was traced maximum in Ag-CNPs primed seeds by 13.52, 7.90, 26.6 and 16.08 units, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that nano priming with Ag-CNPs mitigated the wheat seeds from pathogenic stress and efficiently increased yield parameters and quality of harvested seeds.

在世界大多数国家，小麦被视为膳食碳水化合物和蛋白质的主要来源。小麦的生长、产量和种子质量因收获后贮藏期间种子传播病原体的侵袭而受到广泛影响。本研究的重点是壳聚糖基 Ag2+ 纳米粒子（Ag-CNPs）在管理小麦种子传播病原体方面的功效及其对收获种子的生长、产量和质量的影响。为此，用 Ag-CNPs 对健康的小麦种子进行纳米处理，并进一步接种黄曲霉菌，以诱发病原胁迫。采用完全随机区组设计将这些种子播种在花盆中，用纳米处理过的种子和接种过的种子培育植株，同时用未纳米处理过的种子和未接种过的种子培育植株作为对照。尽管有病原体的干扰，但经过纳米处理和病原体接种的种子有效地提高了无性系生长，如生长量（132.31%）、鲜重（1.63 倍）、干重（1.67 倍）和圆锥花序长度（137.03%），并增加了每穗粒数、收获指数、十粒重和每株产量。同时，Ag-CNPs 纳米吸水剂提高了病原体接种种子植株的收获种子质量。不同底物种子在 SDS-PAGE 中获得的条带综合密度显示，Ag-CNP 底物改善了小麦的总蛋白图谱，条带强度更密集。在 Ag-CNPs 诱导的种子中，CAT、POD、SOD 和 NOX 的抗氧化酶活性最大，分别增加了 13.52、7.90、26.6 和 16.08 个单位。因此，可以得出结论：Ag-CNPs 纳米处理减轻了小麦种子的病原胁迫，并有效提高了产量参数和收获种子的质量。

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引用次数: 0

Designing nanomaterials for sustainable agriculture: Introducing largely overlooked physicochemical properties 为可持续农业设计纳米材料：引入很大程度上被忽视的物理化学性质

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100121

Jiahao Liu , Han Zhou , Lin Yue , Linfeng Bao , Desheng Wang , Tingyong Mao , Zhengjun Cui , Honghong Wu , Yunlong Zhai

In the face of global climate change, there has been an increasing focus on sustainable agriculture. The interaction between modern agricultural research and materials science presents opportunities to manipulate plants at the atomic level. With the rapid advancement of nanotechnology in agriculture, researchers have recognized the potential of nanomaterials to regulate plant physiological and biochemical processes, facilitate efficient chemical delivery, and monitor growth status in real-time. However, only a limited range of material properties has been explored among the diverse array of nanomaterials available. In this review, we examine the applications of nanomaterials in plants through the lenses of catalytic properties, morphology, photoluminescence, and remote controllability. We aim to offer new insights into the interactions between nanomaterials and plants while providing strategies for promoting sustainable agriculture.

面对全球气候变化，人们越来越关注可持续农业。现代农业研究和材料科学之间的相互作用提供了在原子水平上操纵植物的机会。随着纳米技术在农业中的快速发展，研究人员已经认识到纳米材料在调节植物生理生化过程、促进化学物质高效传递和实时监测生长状态方面的潜力。然而，在各种可用的纳米材料中，只有有限范围的材料特性被探索。本文从纳米材料的催化性能、形态、光致发光和远程可控性等方面综述了纳米材料在植物中的应用。我们的目标是为纳米材料与植物之间的相互作用提供新的见解，同时为促进可持续农业提供策略。

引用次数: 0

Harnessing the potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their derivatives as nanofertilizers: Trends and perspectives 利用氧化锌纳米粒子及其衍生物作为纳米肥料的潜力：趋势与前景

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100110

Saad Hanif , Rabia Javed , Mumtaz Cheema , Misbah Zeb Kiani , Snovia Farooq , Muhammad Zia

The agriculture sector is currently facing a decline in plant productivity and yield. Different technologies are being developed to combat these risks. However, innovation in existing technologies is required. Nanotechnology has the potential to solve these difficulties by modifying traditional farming practices and approaches. Nanoparticles (NPs) can bind and transport various substances, such as plant nutrients, and govern their slow release over a longer period, which can reduce the danger of nutrient losses while maintaining environmental safety. In this aspect, the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and their derivatives in agriculture has recently sparked a lot of interest. ZnO NPs can be coated with different compounds which enhance their biocompatibility within the plant cells. The unique nanostructures and nano-characteristics of ZnO NPs and their derivatives have resulted in the development of a novel approach for boosting plant development and productivity as well as improved stress tolerance via targeted delivery and slow-release mechanism, resulting in enhanced nutrient use efficiency, regulating phytohormone levels, enhancing root morphology, and increasing enzyme activity, leading to their application as nanofertilizers. There are important knowledge gaps regarding the long-term environmental consequences and the specific biochemical pathways influenced by ZnO NPs. This review aims to provide an overview of the most recent advancements in the use of ZnO NPs in agriculture, identify areas where more research is needed, and suggest potential future research directions.

农业部门目前正面临着植物生产力和产量下降的问题。目前正在开发不同的技术来应对这些风险。然而，现有技术需要创新。纳米技术有可能通过改变传统的耕作方式和方法来解决这些困难。纳米颗粒（NPs）可以结合和运输各种物质，如植物养分，并在较长时间内缓慢释放，这可以减少养分损失的危险，同时维护环境安全。在这方面，氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnO NPs）及其衍生物在农业中的作用最近引发了广泛关注。氧化锌纳米粒子可以涂覆不同的化合物，从而增强其在植物细胞内的生物相容性。ZnO NPs 及其衍生物独特的纳米结构和纳米特性使人们开发出一种新方法，通过定向递送和缓释机制促进植物的生长发育和生产率并提高抗逆性，从而提高养分利用效率、调节植物激素水平、改善根系形态和提高酶活性，并将其用作纳米肥料。关于氧化锌纳米粒子对环境的长期影响和特定生化途径的影响，目前还存在重要的知识空白。本综述旨在概述氧化锌氮氧化物在农业中应用的最新进展，确定需要开展更多研究的领域，并提出潜在的未来研究方向。

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引用次数: 0

Green approaches for the synthesis of silver nanoparticle and its augmentation in Seed. germination, growth, and antioxidant level in Capsicum annuum L. 银纳米粒子的绿色合成及其在种子中的增效作用。

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100107

Kiran Suresh Mawale , Parvatam Giridhar

Eco-friendly natural nano-compounds, including biological extracts from Aspergillus niger, Azadirachta indica, and Moringa oleifera are known for their efficacy. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) improve seed germination, plant growth, and photosynthetic efficiency. This study focuses on how bio-silver may affect the development and physiology of Capsicum annuum L., specifically bio-silver nano priming with different quantities of synthesised nanoparticles. Nano priming improved seed germination (90–100 %), seedling length (53 %), seedling weight (75 %), seedling vigour index (65 %), as well as germination speed and index. The phytochemicals significantly increased chlorophyll (6–145 %), carotenoids (19–138 %), TPC (12–74 %), and TFC (7–80 %), all of which support plant growth. Nano priming also enhanced TAA (7–67 %) and FRAP (7–57 %). The total protein content (18–111 %) increased, promoting enzyme activity and plant development. Nano-priming increased ROS generation in seedlings more than the control and other priming treatments. This indicates that both ROS, including SOD (2–36 %) and POD (2–72 %), play crucial roles in seedling growth. The various mechanisms involved in nano priming-induced ROS/antioxidant systems in seedlings, such as the production of proline content (7–154 %) and the decrease in MDA (1–15 %), all contribute to the regulation of nanoparticle-generated stress.

生态友好型天然纳米化合物，包括黑曲霉、Azadirachta indica 和 Moringa oleifera 的生物提取物，以其功效而闻名。银纳米粒子（AgNPs）可提高种子发芽率、植物生长和光合效率。本研究的重点是生物银如何影响辣椒（Capsicum annuum L.）的发育和生理，特别是使用不同数量的合成纳米粒子进行生物银纳米引物。纳米引物提高了种子发芽率（90%-100%）、幼苗长度（53%）、幼苗重量（75%）、幼苗活力指数（65%）以及发芽速度和指数。植物化学物质显著增加了叶绿素（6-145 %）、类胡萝卜素（19-138 %）、TPC（12-74 %）和 TFC（7-80 %），所有这些都有助于植物生长。纳米引物还提高了 TAA（7-67 %）和 FRAP（7-57 %）。总蛋白质含量（18-111 %）增加，促进了酶活性和植物生长。与对照和其他底物处理相比，纳米底物处理增加了幼苗中 ROS 的生成。这表明，包括 SOD（2-36 %）和 POD（2-72 %）在内的两种 ROS 对幼苗的生长起着至关重要的作用。纳米引物诱导的秧苗 ROS/抗氧化系统所涉及的各种机制，如脯氨酸含量的产生（7-154 %）和 MDA 的减少（1-15 %），都有助于调节纳米颗粒产生的胁迫。

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引用次数: 0

Opinion: Nanotechnology and agriculture in the tropical region: The perspective of the National Institute of Science and Technology in Brazil

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100103

Halley C. Oliveira , Adriano A. Melo , Leonardo F. Fraceto

Agriculture in the tropics plays a fundamental role in producing food, feed and fiber for the world due to the diversity of production possibilities. However, despite its productive potential, there are many demands for technologies, whether for improving plant growth and development, monitoring field conditions, protecting plants from adverse climatic conditions, or pest control. Nanotechnology can assist in integrated crop management through different applications (e.g., nanosensors for pest monitoring and controlled-release nanoformulations of agrochemicals and biostimulants), thus bringing benefits to tropical agriculture. In this context, the creation of institutes with an interdisciplinary focus, such as the recently created National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture in Brazil, can bring advantages through carrying out research and development, as well as transfer of technology for society, thus contributing to sustainable agriculture.

引用次数: 0

Interaction of nanoparticles and reactive oxygen species and their impact on macromolecules and plant production 纳米粒子与活性氧的相互作用及其对大分子和植物生产的影响

Plant Nano Biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.plana.2024.100105

Sina Fallah , Elham Yusefi-Tanha , Jose R. Peralta-Videa

Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a potent tool for enhancing crop growth and improving agricultural output in the face of global population expansion. However, their application can induce an oxidative state in plants, impacting crop yield. This review evaluates the impact of NPs on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), macromolecules, and overall plant performance. Primarily, one of their key effects is the induction of oxidative stress in plants, which alters cellular function and defense mechanisms. Excessive ROS can harm cellular components resulting in cell death. Thus, preserving a delicate equilibrium between ROS production and scavenging is pivotal for cellular redox status. Although high NP concentrations can be detrimental, lower levels can contribute positively to cellular functions and signaling by generating low levels of ROS. Consequently, it is crucial to employ appropriate nanoparticle concentrations to uphold this balance and enhance plant productivity.

面对全球人口膨胀，纳米粒子（NPs）已成为促进作物生长和提高农业产量的有效工具。然而，纳米粒子的应用会诱导植物进入氧化状态，从而影响作物产量。本综述评估了 NPs 对活性氧（ROS）的产生、大分子和植物整体表现的影响。其主要影响之一是诱导植物产生氧化应激，从而改变细胞功能和防御机制。过量的 ROS 会伤害细胞成分，导致细胞死亡。因此，保持 ROS 生成和清除之间的微妙平衡对细胞氧化还原状态至关重要。虽然高浓度的 NP 可能有害，但较低浓度的 NP 可通过产生低水平的 ROS 对细胞功能和信号传导起到积极作用。因此，采用适当浓度的纳米粒子来维持这种平衡并提高植物生产力至关重要。

引用次数: 0