Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment最新文献

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Unravelling the impact of lignin particle size and content on enhanced value in plastic composites

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100194

Zoi Terzopoulou , Christina Pappa , Konstantinos Triantafyllidis , Dimitrios N. Bikiaris

The shift towards a sustainable plastics economy is driving interest in agricultural waste and byproducts for plastic composites, offering benefits like enhanced sustainability, reduced costs, and improved mechanical properties. Lignin, one of the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass, is a promising filler for polymer composites due to its abundance, reactivity, and functional properties, despite challenges in extraction and processing. This review examines the impact of lignin particle size reduction, from microparticles (LMPs) to nanoparticles (LNPs), on the properties of polymer composites, focusing on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and other polyesters. Reducing lignin particle size can enhance stress transfer and particle wetting in the matrix, although optimal size thresholds and filler contents for desired properties remain uncertain. The paper discusses lignin's characteristics based on source and size reduction method, its functionalization for better dispersion, and various preparation methods of lignin-containing composites. Applications in packaging and are agriculture are highlighted, with an emphasis on achieving a balance between improved properties, cost efficiency, and environmental impact. Finally, it highlights the need for standardized reporting on lignin’s origin, isolation method, molecular weight, T_g, and particle size to enable effective comparisons and advancements in lignin-based polymer composites.

{"title":"Unravelling the impact of lignin particle size and content on enhanced value in plastic composites","authors":"Zoi Terzopoulou , Christina Pappa , Konstantinos Triantafyllidis , Dimitrios N. Bikiaris","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shift towards a sustainable plastics economy is driving interest in agricultural waste and byproducts for plastic composites, offering benefits like enhanced sustainability, reduced costs, and improved mechanical properties. Lignin, one of the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass, is a promising filler for polymer composites due to its abundance, reactivity, and functional properties, despite challenges in extraction and processing. This review examines the impact of lignin particle size reduction, from microparticles (LMPs) to nanoparticles (LNPs), on the properties of polymer composites, focusing on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and other polyesters. Reducing lignin particle size can enhance stress transfer and particle wetting in the matrix, although optimal size thresholds and filler contents for desired properties remain uncertain. The paper discusses lignin's characteristics based on source and size reduction method, its functionalization for better dispersion, and various preparation methods of lignin-containing composites. Applications in packaging and are agriculture are highlighted, with an emphasis on achieving a balance between improved properties, cost efficiency, and environmental impact. Finally, it highlights the need for standardized reporting on lignin’s origin, isolation method, molecular weight, T<sub>g</sub>, and particle size to enable effective comparisons and advancements in lignin-based polymer composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-bridging green chemistry education and environmental chemistry education

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100195

Liliana Mammino

Green chemistry education has been the object of intensive attention, research and explorations in the last decades; environmental chemistry education has received alternating attention. Both green chemistry and environmental chemistry are concerned with the environment. Green chemistry focuses on pollution prevention at the source, to be pursued through changes in the production and handling of substances, as well as the nature of substances themselves, by envisaging the replacement of non-benign substances by more benign ones. Environmental chemistry focuses on the effects of pollutants, thus providing indications on the substances that require more urgent replacement and more effective measures to prevent them from entering the environment. At education level, it is important to acquaint students with the domain of these two areas, their possible synergies and the expected ensuing benefits. The present work outlines collaboration and convergence pathways, considering the green chemistry principles and also the complexity of the implementation features of pollution prevention. It is concluded that an educational approach bridging the two perspectives is crucial to make future chemists, as well as other professionals, more ready for the multidisciplinary requirements of sustainability discourses and their operational components.

{"title":"Cross-bridging green chemistry education and environmental chemistry education","authors":"Liliana Mammino","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green chemistry education has been the object of intensive attention, research and explorations in the last decades; environmental chemistry education has received alternating attention. Both green chemistry and environmental chemistry are concerned with the environment. Green chemistry focuses on pollution prevention at the source, to be pursued through changes in the production and handling of substances, as well as the nature of substances themselves, by envisaging the replacement of non-benign substances by more benign ones. Environmental chemistry focuses on the effects of pollutants, thus providing indications on the substances that require more urgent replacement and more effective measures to prevent them from entering the environment. At education level, it is important to acquaint students with the domain of these two areas, their possible synergies and the expected ensuing benefits. The present work outlines collaboration and convergence pathways, considering the green chemistry principles and also the complexity of the implementation features of pollution prevention. It is concluded that an educational approach bridging the two perspectives is crucial to make future chemists, as well as other professionals, more ready for the multidisciplinary requirements of sustainability discourses and their operational components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methylene blue and indigo blue removal from (waste)water using hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets as adsorbent

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100193

N. Vázquez-Canales , J. García-Serrano

Boron nitride nanostructures have gained wide-spread attention in the field of organic dyes removal from aqueous solutions owing to their distinctive characteristics, such as a large surface area, hydrophobicity, and thermal/chemical stability. In this work, the removal of methylene blue (MB) cationic dye from aqueous solutions using hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNS) is reported. The h-BNNSs were obtained by liquid phase exfoliation assisted by ultrasonic waves and characterized by TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, particle size analysis by laser diffraction, zeta potential measurements and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms analysis. Whereas, the adsorption study of MB was performed by UV–vis spectroscopy varying the concentration of dye and time contact. UV-Vis results revealed that the h-BNNSs exhibit a very quick adsorption rate for MB in few minutes of contact time and then the process is slow until equilibrium is reached. The h-BNNSs revealed an adsorption capacity of 17.8 mg/g for a dye solution of 30 mg/L, contact time of 25 min, 25 °C and 2 mg of adsorbent. The experimental adsorption equilibrium data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models and the results revealed that the adsorption process is described well with the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of the h-BNNSs was attributed to the electrostatic and π - π interactions due to the negatively charged groups on the surface and to the π conjugation in its structure, which allow an effective interaction with positive charge and the aromatic system of the MB molecule. On the other hand, the removal of indigo blue from wastewater was almost 100 % with 15 min of contact time. The results revealed that the h-BNNSs are able to efficiently adsorb indigo blue textile dye from real wastewater.

{"title":"Methylene blue and indigo blue removal from (waste)water using hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets as adsorbent","authors":"N. Vázquez-Canales , J. García-Serrano","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron nitride nanostructures have gained wide-spread attention in the field of organic dyes removal from aqueous solutions owing to their distinctive characteristics, such as a large surface area, hydrophobicity, and thermal/chemical stability. In this work, the removal of methylene blue (MB) cationic dye from aqueous solutions using hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNS) is reported. The h-BNNSs were obtained by liquid phase exfoliation assisted by ultrasonic waves and characterized by TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, particle size analysis by laser diffraction, zeta potential measurements and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms analysis. Whereas, the adsorption study of MB was performed by UV–vis spectroscopy varying the concentration of dye and time contact. UV-Vis results revealed that the h-BNNSs exhibit a very quick adsorption rate for MB in few minutes of contact time and then the process is slow until equilibrium is reached. The h-BNNSs revealed an adsorption capacity of 17.8 mg/g for a dye solution of 30 mg/L, contact time of 25 min, 25 °C and 2 mg of adsorbent. The experimental adsorption equilibrium data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models and the results revealed that the adsorption process is described well with the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of the h-BNNSs was attributed to the electrostatic and π - π interactions due to the negatively charged groups on the surface and to the π conjugation in its structure, which allow an effective interaction with positive charge and the aromatic system of the MB molecule. On the other hand, the removal of indigo blue from wastewater was almost 100 % with 15 min of contact time. The results revealed that the h-BNNSs are able to efficiently adsorb indigo blue textile dye from real wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100191

Mohammad Mosaferi , Sakine Shekoohiyan , Ali Behnami , Ehsan Aghayani , Khaled Zoroufchi Benis , Houra Allaeaiea , Mojtaba Pourakbar

Recent advances in biological wastewater treatment have spurred the development of innovative modifications aimed at enhancing both efficiency and sustainability. This review examines recent modifications within cyclic activated processes, categorizing them by metabolic function (anaerobic, aerobic, anoxic, and combined), biomass types (attached and suspended growth), and structural changes made to the systems. Cyclic processes demonstrate key advantages, including improved nutrient removal, reduced energy demands, and greater system stability. Nevertheless, challenges persist in optimizing parameters, scaling technology for industrial use, and managing operational costs. The study also investigates the integration of enzymatic processes with cyclic activated sludge, an approach that could significantly enhance the breakdown of organic contaminants. Such combined processes may offer a transformative solution for organic contaminant degradation in wastewater, warranting further research to support their application on an industrial scale. Overall, the ongoing refinement of cyclic activated sludge processes holds considerable promise for advancing sustainable and efficient water treatment technologies, essential for addressing water pollution and conserving resources.

{"title":"A comprehensive review of cyclic activated sludge processes in wastewater treatment: Current perspectives and future challenges","authors":"Mohammad Mosaferi , Sakine Shekoohiyan , Ali Behnami , Ehsan Aghayani , Khaled Zoroufchi Benis , Houra Allaeaiea , Mojtaba Pourakbar","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in biological wastewater treatment have spurred the development of innovative modifications aimed at enhancing both efficiency and sustainability. This review examines recent modifications within cyclic activated processes, categorizing them by metabolic function (anaerobic, aerobic, anoxic, and combined), biomass types (attached and suspended growth), and structural changes made to the systems. Cyclic processes demonstrate key advantages, including improved nutrient removal, reduced energy demands, and greater system stability. Nevertheless, challenges persist in optimizing parameters, scaling technology for industrial use, and managing operational costs. The study also investigates the integration of enzymatic processes with cyclic activated sludge, an approach that could significantly enhance the breakdown of organic contaminants. Such combined processes may offer a transformative solution for organic contaminant degradation in wastewater, warranting further research to support their application on an industrial scale. Overall, the ongoing refinement of cyclic activated sludge processes holds considerable promise for advancing sustainable and efficient water treatment technologies, essential for addressing water pollution and conserving resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermo-mechanical decolourization process for shrimp chitin (Pandalus borealis)

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100192

Julia Pohling , Kelly Hawboldt , Deepika Dave

Pandalus borealis is a thin-shelled shrimp species with medium pigmentation. The polysaccharide chitin, which makes up approximately 20 % of the shell, can be extracted and used in many different industries. The main extraction steps are deproteination and demineralization, followed by an assessment of the colour. White, off-white, or beige chitin is desired for most industrial applications. If required, residual pigmentation is typically removed in a decolourization step (DC) using oxidizing reagents or solvents. Disadvantages include safety and environmental concerns, unspecific oxidation reactions and high volatility of reagents. To date, a green process alternative is not documented. P. borealis chitin, deproteinated in alkali solution, does not require further DC. Enzymatic deproteination is nowadays preferred in the interest of sustainable processing, but it produces chitin with inferior colour quality. Based on the known thermal instability of the shrimp pigments and the porosity of chitin particles, the present study hypothesizes that the colour quality of enzymatically purified chitin can be enhanced by a washing process using high-shear and hot water. We develop a novel, chemical-free alternative for decolourization and assess its effectiveness compared to solvent and oxidizing reagents. Chitin properties are assessed by colorimetry, XRD, NMR, TGA, bulk density, and fat/water-binding capacities (FBC/WBC). Our findings suggest that the innovative thermo-mechanical DC process can produce a colour quality comparable to solvent DC without resulting in deacetylation, changes in crystallinity, or thermal stability. Thermo-mechanical DC enhanced WBC/FBC of chitin, which is an important property in hydrogel and drug delivery applications.

{"title":"Thermo-mechanical decolourization process for shrimp chitin (Pandalus borealis)","authors":"Julia Pohling , Kelly Hawboldt , Deepika Dave","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pandalus borealis</em> is a thin-shelled shrimp species with medium pigmentation. The polysaccharide chitin, which makes up approximately 20 % of the shell, can be extracted and used in many different industries. The main extraction steps are deproteination and demineralization, followed by an assessment of the colour. White, off-white, or beige chitin is desired for most industrial applications. If required, residual pigmentation is typically removed in a decolourization step (DC) using oxidizing reagents or solvents. Disadvantages include safety and environmental concerns, unspecific oxidation reactions and high volatility of reagents. To date, a green process alternative is not documented. <em>P. borealis</em> chitin, deproteinated in alkali solution, does not require further DC. Enzymatic deproteination is nowadays preferred in the interest of sustainable processing, but it produces chitin with inferior colour quality. Based on the known thermal instability of the shrimp pigments and the porosity of chitin particles, the present study hypothesizes that the colour quality of enzymatically purified chitin can be enhanced by a washing process using high-shear and hot water. We develop a novel, chemical-free alternative for decolourization and assess its effectiveness compared to solvent and oxidizing reagents. Chitin properties are assessed by colorimetry, XRD, NMR, TGA, bulk density, and fat/water-binding capacities (FBC/WBC). Our findings suggest that the innovative thermo-mechanical DC process can produce a colour quality comparable to solvent DC without resulting in deacetylation, changes in crystallinity, or thermal stability. Thermo-mechanical DC enhanced WBC/FBC of chitin, which is an important property in hydrogel and drug delivery applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of petroleum-derived polymeric additive to enhance the bituminous properties with the use of a machine-learning model

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100186

Mansi Awasthi , Vedant Joshi , Rakesh Upadhyay , Aruna Kukrety , Abhay Kumar Verma , Pradeep Kumar , Kamal Kumar

Study revealed the synthesis of petroleum-derived polymeric additive PS-co-PAO. The synthesis of the additives was confirmed by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized polymeric additives was blended with VG 10 base bitumen to modifiy its physicochemical and rheological properties. Six modified bitumens SOMB1,SOMB2, SOMB3, SOMB4, SOMB5, and SOMB6 were prepared using different concentrations of polymeric additives at 150°C and 170°C. These modified bitumens were further analyzed for the physicochemical and rheological properties which revealed that the SOMB-6 modified bitumen was found most suitable. Additionally, a Random Forest regression model was developed to predict the rutting resistance based on the percentage of polymeric additive and temperature. The model demonstrated a high R-squared value of 0.986, indicating that it can effectively predict rutting resistance, enhancing the design and testing of polymer-modified bitumen. A study on multifunctional additives also revealed that the prepared modified bitumens marginally meet the properties of higher-grade VG and modified bitumen as per IS and IRC specifications.

{"title":"Development of petroleum-derived polymeric additive to enhance the bituminous properties with the use of a machine-learning model","authors":"Mansi Awasthi , Vedant Joshi , Rakesh Upadhyay , Aruna Kukrety , Abhay Kumar Verma , Pradeep Kumar , Kamal Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Study revealed the synthesis of petroleum-derived polymeric additive PS-<em>co</em>-PAO. The synthesis of the additives was confirmed by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized polymeric additives was blended with VG 10 base bitumen to modifiy its physicochemical and rheological properties. Six modified bitumens SOMB1,SOMB2, SOMB3, SOMB4, SOMB5, and SOMB6 were prepared using different concentrations of polymeric additives at 150°C and 170°C. These modified bitumens were further analyzed for the physicochemical and rheological properties which revealed that the SOMB-6 modified bitumen was found most suitable. Additionally, a Random Forest regression model was developed to predict the rutting resistance based on the percentage of polymeric additive and temperature. The model demonstrated a high R-squared value of 0.986, indicating that it can effectively predict rutting resistance, enhancing the design and testing of polymer-modified bitumen. A study on multifunctional additives also revealed that the prepared modified bitumens marginally meet the properties of higher-grade VG and modified bitumen as per IS and IRC specifications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring heterogeneous catalytic ozonation: Catalyst types, reaction mechanisms, applications, challenges, and future outlook

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100185

Eliasu Issaka , Josephine Baffoe , Mabruk Adams

Ozone (O₃) is a potent oxidizing agent that breaks down refractory organic contaminants (ROCs) into smaller, less hazardous molecules. In heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO), O₃ is injected into the wastewater stream as a gas or as O₃-enriched air. A solid catalyst improves ozonation efficiency by boosting O₃ breakdown and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) capable of oxidizing ROCs. Metal oxides (Me Os) are the often used catalysts. However, the kind of HCO catalyst used and how it reacts with O₃ determine how much ROS is produced. The production of ROS is encouraged by various HCO catalysts via various mechanisms, which may affect the HCO process's efficiency and selectivity. The kinds, mechanisms, and characteristics of the various HCO catalysts used are thoroughly examined in this study to provide a deeper understanding of the HCO process. In addition, parameters that need to be adjusted to improve degradation efficiency-such as pH and temperature are covered. The study ultimately expands on already published research to identify a variety of HCO applications while considering the viability of HCO in the form of pilot-scale and full-scale implementations, as well as real-world performance. HCO catalysts' challenges and promises for future water treatment are assessed. The goal of the current review is to provide academics and specialists with an overview of the application of HCO for ROC degradation.

{"title":"Exploring heterogeneous catalytic ozonation: Catalyst types, reaction mechanisms, applications, challenges, and future outlook","authors":"Eliasu Issaka , Josephine Baffoe , Mabruk Adams","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) is a potent oxidizing agent that breaks down refractory organic contaminants (ROCs) into smaller, less hazardous molecules. In heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO), O<sub>3</sub> is injected into the wastewater stream as a gas or as O<sub>3</sub>-enriched air. A solid catalyst improves ozonation efficiency by boosting O<sub>3</sub> breakdown and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) capable of oxidizing ROCs. Metal oxides (Me Os) are the often used catalysts. However, the kind of HCO catalyst used and how it reacts with O<sub>3</sub> determine how much ROS is produced. The production of ROS is encouraged by various HCO catalysts via various mechanisms, which may affect the HCO process's efficiency and selectivity. The kinds, mechanisms, and characteristics of the various HCO catalysts used are thoroughly examined in this study to provide a deeper understanding of the HCO process. In addition, parameters that need to be adjusted to improve degradation efficiency-such as pH and temperature are covered. The study ultimately expands on already published research to identify a variety of HCO applications while considering the viability of HCO in the form of pilot-scale and full-scale implementations, as well as real-world performance. HCO catalysts' challenges and promises for future water treatment are assessed. The goal of the current review is to provide academics and specialists with an overview of the application of HCO for ROC degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PVDC multilayer sorting challenge: A spectroscopy study and on field application

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100188

Stefano Radice , Domenico Ferrari , Stefano Millefanti , Marco Gregori

Nowadays one of the main challenge in the effective application of a plastic circular economy and overall energy and raw material recovery is the capability of doing selective sorting. The sorting process is the first and important step to obtain homogeneous fluxes of waste materials, which can be utilized as feedstock for raw material recovery, oil based material generation or for energy production. There are many activities for solving the challenges of sorting complex objects in a general waste stream; in this study we used Vibrational Spectroscopy and the most recent NIR technologies to demonstrate the sortability of multilayered samples containing PVDC layers. The NIR results find scientific baseline in the fundamental normal modes observed in IR and Raman spectroscopy and the relative discussion and assignments. The on field success of the sorting tests open the way for advancement in the technologies aimed at achieving a sustainable and economically viable approach to polymer production.

引用次数: 0

Biochar derived from Syzygium cumini seed embedded nanohybrid structure for eco-friendly remediation of Cr (VI) and As (III) ions: Adsorption and modeling analysis

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100189

Anita Kumari , Ajay Kumar , Deepak Pathania , Manita Thakur , Arush Sharma

Hexavalent Chromium and trivalent Arsenic are among the most common hazardous elements found in wastewater, posing life-threatening risks due to their abundance. Despite efforts to mitigate their presence, the effectiveness of numerous micro adsorbents in lowering the levels of Cr (VI) and As (III) in wastewater remains inadequate. In this study, biochar derived from Syzygium cumini seed (SCB) and its nanocomposite with lanthanum ferrite (SCB/NC) were investigated for their potential in removing Cr (VI) and As (III) from water. The properties of the nanocomposite including its nature, surface composition and functionality were analysed using various techniques such as FTIR, XRD, FESEM, BET, EDX, TGA and XPS. Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and thermodynamic characteristics of Cr (VI) and As (III) removal. The study examined various parameters including adsorbent dosage, initial metal ions concentration, pH, temperature and agitation time. Results revealed that SCB/NC exhibited significant potential for adsorbing Cr (VI) and As (III), with approximately 98.58 % of Cr (VI) and 94.16 % of As (III) being adsorbed within the pH range of 2.0–6.0 at 65 °C. Furthermore, adsorption capacity of adsorbent remained unaffected up to five cycles of reuse, indicating its potential for practical applications. The adsorption of micro-pollutants from water system was confirmed through FTIR and EDX analysis, providing further insights into the removal mechanism. This research underscores the promising role of SCB/NC in addressing the challenge of heavy metal contamination in water bodies and its potential for environmental remediation.

{"title":"Biochar derived from Syzygium cumini seed embedded nanohybrid structure for eco-friendly remediation of Cr (VI) and As (III) ions: Adsorption and modeling analysis","authors":"Anita Kumari , Ajay Kumar , Deepak Pathania , Manita Thakur , Arush Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hexavalent Chromium and trivalent Arsenic are among the most common hazardous elements found in wastewater, posing life-threatening risks due to their abundance. Despite efforts to mitigate their presence, the effectiveness of numerous micro adsorbents in lowering the levels of Cr (VI) and As (III) in wastewater remains inadequate. In this study, biochar derived from <em>Syzygium cumini</em> seed (SCB) and its nanocomposite with lanthanum ferrite (SCB/NC) were investigated for their potential in removing Cr (VI) and As (III) from water. The properties of the nanocomposite including its nature, surface composition and functionality were analysed using various techniques such as FTIR, XRD, FESEM, BET, EDX, TGA and XPS. Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isotherms, and thermodynamic characteristics of Cr (VI) and As (III) removal. The study examined various parameters including adsorbent dosage, initial metal ions concentration, pH, temperature and agitation time. Results revealed that SCB/NC exhibited significant potential for adsorbing Cr (VI) and As (III), with approximately 98.58 % of Cr (VI) and 94.16 % of As (III) being adsorbed within the pH range of 2.0–6.0 at 65 °C. Furthermore, adsorption capacity of adsorbent remained unaffected up to five cycles of reuse, indicating its potential for practical applications. The adsorption of micro-pollutants from water system was confirmed through FTIR and EDX analysis, providing further insights into the removal mechanism. This research underscores the promising role of SCB/NC in addressing the challenge of heavy metal contamination in water bodies and its potential for environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101196,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Degradation of salicylic acid coordinated to Fe3O4 nanoparticles by H2O2 H2O2 降解配位到 Fe3O4 纳米颗粒上的水杨酸

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.scenv.2024.100187

Tooba Khan, MZ A. Rafiquee

Salicylic acid (SA) has strong tendency to form complexes with iron (III). Depending upon the concentrations of SA, the complexes formed are FeR⁺,

{FeR}_{2}^{+}

{FeR}_{3}^{2 +}

where R represents salicylate ion (^-OC₆H₄COO^-). Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles binds with the salicylate ions through the sites having Fe³⁺ and at the site containing Fe₂⁺ reacts with H₂O₂ to produces OH* radicals. The OH* radicals oxidise the salicylic acid attached to Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Thus, the degradation occurs through the formation of SA-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles complexes and then followed by the reaction with H₂O₂ at the nanoparticle site. FT-IR, TGA were used to confirm the synthesis of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as well as to investigate SA-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles complex formation and the degradation of the complex by H₂O₂. Spectrophotometric studies were employed for the monitoring of the degradation of SA at the surface. Here, the nanoparticles act as platform to which both the reactants SA and H₂O₂ get activated and the degradation reaction occurs. The concentrations of SA, H₂O₂, nanoparticle dosage, surfactants and polymers were changed and the % degradation were noted. It has been observed that the degradation percentage decreased with the increase in nanoparticle dosage, [surfactant] and [polymers]. The [H₂O₂] and [HClO₄] gave peaked-like curve for the degradation of SA for the plot of % degradation versus concentrations of H₂O₂ and HClO₄. Degradation of SA was observed maximum at [H₂O₂](= 8.0 × 10⁻⁴ mol dm⁻³) and at [HClO₄] (= 1.0 × 10⁻² mol dm⁻³).

水杨酸（SA）极易与铁（III）形成络合物。根据水杨酸浓度的不同，形成的络合物有 FeR+、FeR2+、FeR32+，其中 R 代表水杨酸离子（-OC₆H₄COO-）。Fe3O4 纳米粒子通过含有 Fe3+ 的位点与水杨酸根离子结合，并在含有 Fe2+ 的位点与 H2O2 反应产生 OH* 自由基。OH* 自由基会氧化附着在 Fe3O4 纳米粒子上的水杨酸。因此，降解是通过形成 SA-Fe3O4 纳米粒子复合物，然后在纳米粒子位点与 H2O2 发生反应而实现的。傅立叶变换红外光谱和热重分析被用来确认 Fe3O4 纳米粒子的合成，以及研究 SA-Fe3O4 纳米粒子复合物的形成和 H2O2 对复合物的降解。采用分光光度法监测 SA 在表面的降解情况。在这里，纳米粒子就像一个平台，反应物 SA 和 H2O2 都被激活并发生降解反应。改变 SA、H2O2、纳米粒子用量、表面活性剂和聚合物的浓度并记录降解率。据观察，降解率随着纳米粒子用量、[表面活性剂]和[聚合物]的增加而降低。在[H2O2]和[HClO4]的降解率与 H2O2 和 HClO4 浓度的关系曲线中，SA 的降解率呈峰值状。在[H2O2]（= 8.0 × 10-4 mol dm-3）和[HClO4]（= 1.0 × 10-2 mol dm-3）时，SA 的降解量最大。

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