Zeitschrift für Immunitaetsforschung, Experimentelle und Klinische Immunologie最新文献

The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, lysozyme, agglutinins against B. pertussis and B. parapertussis were followed in the blood serum of 306 children 9–10 years old in 3 areas of Central Bohemian region. In children dwelling in areas with more polluted air significantly higher levels of serum lysozyme and of parapertussis antibodies were found by the t-test. The distribution of these values shows significant differences between more polluted areas in comparison with lowerpollution area also in Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.

The average levels of Ig approached statistically critical values but did not reach them, but significant differences in the distribution of values of IgG and IgA were shown by the F-test and x²-test between lightly and heavily polluted areas. The values of immunological reactions in polluted areas were always higher than in the non-polluted group. This provides evidence for a hypothesis about a stimulatory effect of polluted air on immunological mechanisms in child population.

The higher values of IgM observed recently by other authors in women were shown in girls of 9–10 years.

Young adult CFW mice, injected with sheep erythrocytes, were treated with cyclophosphamide and sacrificed at different times. The activity of acid phosphatase and for non-specific esterase was measured by semi-quantitative methods in smears prepared from cell suspension of draining lymph node. In cyclophosphamide-treated mice was noted a significant decrease in acid phosphatase activity in lymphoid cells, expressed both as average activity in single lymphoid cell and a decrease in proportion of cells exhibiting enzyme activity. Also a shortterm decrease was observed in activity of non-specific esterase caused both by disappearance of highly active large lymphoid and blast cells as well as decrease in percentage of enzyme-positive small lymphocytes.

The normal lymphocyte transfer (NLT) reaction occurring upon intradermal injection of lymphocytes into a normal recipient may be considered as a kind of mixed lymphocyte reaction in vivo. In previous experiments, we have defined serologically a number of guinea pig lymphocyte antigens, controlled either by a GPL-A locus (equivalent of H-2 D locus in mice) or by a so-called I region (equivalent to the I region in mice). The I region also appears to control a number of immune response genes in the guinea pig.

Using guinea pig inbred strains (such as 2, 13, OM₃, BE), guinea pig families homozygous for their GPL-A antigens and serologically characterized outbreds, it has been possible to show that antigens of the I region probably play a major role in NLT reactions. No NLT reactions occur among outbred animals of a closed colony which have been bred to homozygozity for their GPL-A antigens and thereby probably possess haplotype homozygozity for their major histocompatibility complex. The NLT reaction among serologically characterized guinea pigs may become a convenient way to detect new specificities and recombinant progeny.

Previous investigations showed that quantitative immunofluorescence using antigens covalently bound to agarose particles represents a reproducible and sensitive assay for antibodies in experimental antisera. In this paper data are presented which show that also thyroglobulin antibodies in patients sera can be demonstrated using the defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS) system with thyroglobulin as antigen. Sera of 45 patients with various thyroid diseases were investigated for the presence of thyroglobulin antibodies using passive haemagglutination and the quantitative immunofluorescence technique. Comparable results were obtained with both techniques. Advantages and disadvantages of both methods are discussed.

Parameters which are of interest for the better performance of the Cr-releasing cytotoxicity tests were examined, such as type of cells used as targets; influence of various media on the viability of the cells, on uptake of radioactive chromium and on nonspecific chromium release; and influence of specific activity of chromium on the extent of labelling of the targets. The test has been applied to follow the course of primary and secondary immune responses to H-2 alloantigens.

The humoral response in mice after intranasal (IN) instillation of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was compared to that produced by intraperitoneal route of immunization. Study of opsonic adherent (passive indirect cytophilic) and hemagglutinating antibody levels in serum and bronchial washings after repeated challenge with SRBC showed that serum antibody titers following respiratory immunization does not differ from the general patterns of a humoral antibody response. The bronchial wash antibody titer was higher than the serum titer as calculated per globulin unit. In contrast, the appearance of measurable antibodies in the bronchial washings after repeated intraperitoneal immunization was delayed and in low titer. B. pertussis vaccine administered in conjunction with SRBC was found to be an excellent adjuvant in the intranasal route of immunization. A single administration of SRBC-Pertussis evoked a considerable adjuvant effect as measured by hemagglutinating and opsonic adherent tests. Monospecific anti-mouse IgG nullified the hemagglutinating and opsonic adherent activity of the bronchial washings, while monospecific anti-mouse IgM had no effect in either activity.

Lung and spleen cells capable of forming rosettes with SRBC of intranasally immunized and control mice were counted. Mean response on day 14 was 6 × 10³ rosettes per million lung lymphoid cells in comparison with less than 10³ in control mice. No difference was found in the number of rosette-forming cells in the spleen of control and intranasally immunized mice.