Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140703.0435
李. L. Hao, 宋玲玲 Song Ling-ling, 张立钧 Zhang Li-jun, 王焕然 Wang Huan-ran, 李. L. Liang, 王. W. Fei, 衣云骥 Yi Yun-ji, 张大明 Zhang Da-ming
In this paper,an integrated 4-channels silica optical waveguide delay line array with low cost and low propagation loss was designed and manufactured. BPM software was selected to simulate the associated pa-rameters,including Y splitter and bend loss. In order to reduce the device size and insertion loss,the smallest bending radius of the delay line was selected to be 1 500 μm. And the structure of optimizing gradient Y splitter and right angle intersecting waveguide were optimized. The cross waveguide delay line device was manufactured by standard semiconductor manufacturing processes. The output infrared pattern was obtained. The delay time of each channel was 0 ps,113 ps,226 ps and 339 ps,respectively. The 4-channels silica waveguide delay line device can achieve an equal interval of delay time between the adjacent channels. It can be integrated with itself for several times to increase delay time. The output waveguide of the device can be integrated with the optical fiber array at the same time.
{"title":"Design and fabrication of 4 channels silica cross optical waveguide delay line array","authors":"李. L. Hao, 宋玲玲 Song Ling-ling, 张立钧 Zhang Li-jun, 王焕然 Wang Huan-ran, 李. L. Liang, 王. W. Fei, 衣云骥 Yi Yun-ji, 张大明 Zhang Da-ming","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140703.0435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140703.0435","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper,an integrated 4-channels silica optical waveguide delay line array with low cost and low propagation loss was designed and manufactured. BPM software was selected to simulate the associated pa-rameters,including Y splitter and bend loss. In order to reduce the device size and insertion loss,the smallest bending radius of the delay line was selected to be 1 500 μm. And the structure of optimizing gradient Y splitter and right angle intersecting waveguide were optimized. The cross waveguide delay line device was manufactured by standard semiconductor manufacturing processes. The output infrared pattern was obtained. The delay time of each channel was 0 ps,113 ps,226 ps and 339 ps,respectively. The 4-channels silica waveguide delay line device can achieve an equal interval of delay time between the adjacent channels. It can be integrated with itself for several times to increase delay time. The output waveguide of the device can be integrated with the optical fiber array at the same time.","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83015225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140704.0572
陈. C. Xing, 宋智洋 Song Zhi-yang, 周明全 Zhou Ming-quan, 武仲科 Wu Zhong-ke, 王醒策 Wang Xing-ce
We introduce the classical non-local means filtering algorithm and the improved non-local means filtering algorithm with the weight function modified by Manjon. In this paper,we propose different weight function,and make it have rotating shift invariance for the local windows while keeping the time complexity of optimizing the visual effect and SNR. By adding noise standard deviation from Gaussian additive noise ranging from 10 to 100,we compare the improved algorithms with traditional filtering algorithms and Manjon non-mean filtering algorithm. The results show that the improved algorithm from either visual or numerical is superior to Manjon non-mean filtering algorithm.
{"title":"An improved non-local mean filter filtering algorithm facing the cerebrovascular segmentation","authors":"陈. C. Xing, 宋智洋 Song Zhi-yang, 周明全 Zhou Ming-quan, 武仲科 Wu Zhong-ke, 王醒策 Wang Xing-ce","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140704.0572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140704.0572","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce the classical non-local means filtering algorithm and the improved non-local means filtering algorithm with the weight function modified by Manjon. In this paper,we propose different weight function,and make it have rotating shift invariance for the local windows while keeping the time complexity of optimizing the visual effect and SNR. By adding noise standard deviation from Gaussian additive noise ranging from 10 to 100,we compare the improved algorithms with traditional filtering algorithms and Manjon non-mean filtering algorithm. The results show that the improved algorithm from either visual or numerical is superior to Manjon non-mean filtering algorithm.","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88485040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140703.0411
王卫兵 Wang Wei-bing, 王挺峰 Wang Ting-feng, 郭. G. Jin
{"title":"Simulation on the law of wave-front shaping with stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm for adaptive optics","authors":"王卫兵 Wang Wei-bing, 王挺峰 Wang Ting-feng, 郭. G. Jin","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140703.0411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140703.0411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87791625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140705.0768
王昊京 Wang Hao-jing, 王建立 Wang Jian-li, 吴量 Wu Liang, 张世学 Zhang Shi-xue, 贾建禄 Jia Jian-lu
In order to quickly navigate with the known rough azimuth and location information by three FOVs positioning and orientation device,a fast recognition method for local star pattern is proposed. First,we analyse the reasons of the low efficiency when performing the stars identification using global recognition database.Next,we note that it is a preferred method to perform star identification in one FOV firstly and identify the remaining stars between different FVOs,and give the angular distance error threshold. Then,we propose a method to generate the local recognition database,which can reduce the redundancy of identification information and improve recognition efficiency. The simulaion and field experiment results show that the correct iden-tification rate using this recognition method is improved up to 99. 19%,and rocognition time is about 24. 3ms,which can satisfy the system requirements for fast and efficient navigation. It also proves the correctness of the preferred recognition order.
{"title":"Fast recognition on star pattern with method of three FOVs based on rough location and azimuth","authors":"王昊京 Wang Hao-jing, 王建立 Wang Jian-li, 吴量 Wu Liang, 张世学 Zhang Shi-xue, 贾建禄 Jia Jian-lu","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140705.0768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140705.0768","url":null,"abstract":"In order to quickly navigate with the known rough azimuth and location information by three FOVs positioning and orientation device,a fast recognition method for local star pattern is proposed. First,we analyse the reasons of the low efficiency when performing the stars identification using global recognition database.Next,we note that it is a preferred method to perform star identification in one FOV firstly and identify the remaining stars between different FVOs,and give the angular distance error threshold. Then,we propose a method to generate the local recognition database,which can reduce the redundancy of identification information and improve recognition efficiency. The simulaion and field experiment results show that the correct iden-tification rate using this recognition method is improved up to 99. 19%,and rocognition time is about 24. 3ms,which can satisfy the system requirements for fast and efficient navigation. It also proves the correctness of the preferred recognition order.","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75425343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reviews recent developments of tunable THz and optical metamaterials and gives insights into the trend of future research in this field as well as the potential applications. It can be expected that tunable metamaterials will remain to be a hot topic in metamaterials and their developments may lead to a revolution in optical devices and systems and make a deep impact on the development of photonic and THz technology.
{"title":"Tunable terahertz and optical metamaterials","authors":"张检发 Zhang Jianfa, 袁晓东 Yuan Xiaodong, 秦石乔 Qin Shi-qiao","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140703.0349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140703.0349","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews recent developments of tunable THz and optical metamaterials and gives insights into the trend of future research in this field as well as the potential applications. It can be expected that tunable metamaterials will remain to be a hot topic in metamaterials and their developments may lead to a revolution in optical devices and systems and make a deep impact on the development of photonic and THz technology.","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75502529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140702.0287
李俊峰 Li Jun-feng
In order to satisfy all-frequency error quality controlling and high-precision test during the process of the convex asphere,double laps with polar coordinate polishing technique and the measuring poles method used for the alignment of Hindle test are proposed.Firstly,the double laps with polar coordinate polishing technique for manufacturing the aspheric mirror and the numerical control machine for processing aspheric surface are presented.Then,the measuring poles method used to control the distances between vertex of the standard sphere and the vertex and focus of the tested asphere is introduced,and the controlling precision is analyzed.Finally,for a convex asphere with the aperture of Φ158 mm,the test results and precision of the Hindle test are described.The results indicate that the double laps polishing technique can make the low-frequency surface error convergence quickly,and the mid-frequency surface error is restrained at the same time.The controlling precision of the low-frequency surface error is about λ /30(λ = 633 nm).The limit error using the measuring poles to control the distance is ± 0.065 mm,and the tolerances of the two space parameters are ± 0.22 mm and ± 0.30 mm,respectively.The fast manufacture and all-frequency controlling of the convexasphere are realized by the double laps with polar coordinate polishing technique,and the test result of lowfrequency surface error is 0.022λ(RMS,@ 633 nm) in the Hindle test,which satisfies the specification requirements of the optical design.
{"title":"Fabrication and test of SiC convex aspheric mirror","authors":"李俊峰 Li Jun-feng","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140702.0287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140702.0287","url":null,"abstract":"In order to satisfy all-frequency error quality controlling and high-precision test during the process of the convex asphere,double laps with polar coordinate polishing technique and the measuring poles method used for the alignment of Hindle test are proposed.Firstly,the double laps with polar coordinate polishing technique for manufacturing the aspheric mirror and the numerical control machine for processing aspheric surface are presented.Then,the measuring poles method used to control the distances between vertex of the standard sphere and the vertex and focus of the tested asphere is introduced,and the controlling precision is analyzed.Finally,for a convex asphere with the aperture of Φ158 mm,the test results and precision of the Hindle test are described.The results indicate that the double laps polishing technique can make the low-frequency surface error convergence quickly,and the mid-frequency surface error is restrained at the same time.The controlling precision of the low-frequency surface error is about λ /30(λ = 633 nm).The limit error using the measuring poles to control the distance is ± 0.065 mm,and the tolerances of the two space parameters are ± 0.22 mm and ± 0.30 mm,respectively.The fast manufacture and all-frequency controlling of the convexasphere are realized by the double laps with polar coordinate polishing technique,and the test result of lowfrequency surface error is 0.022λ(RMS,@ 633 nm) in the Hindle test,which satisfies the specification requirements of the optical design.","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74253331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140702.0225
陈. C. Ying, 朱. Z. Ming
In order to solve the problems that low light level image has low contrast and it is difficult to distinguish objective,it is necessary to research on low light level image enhancement algorithm.A multiple subhistogram equalization enhancement algorithm is proposed.Initially,in the proposed algorithm,the histogram are separated into four parts according to the area equally.Then,the resultant sub-histograms are clipped according to the average number of pixels of input image to reduce the enhancement phenomenon.In addition,the scale factor is adopted to adjust dynamic range.Finally,each sub-histogram is equalized.The algorithm is implemented on FPGA with verilog language,and is given subjective and objective evaluation.With this algorithm good results can be achieved in real-time on the hardware platform,and the delay of an image processing is about 0.45 ms.Experimental results show that with this proposed algorithm no saturation and noise amplification phenomenon appear,and image details of the processed image are well preserved and highlighted.Thealgorithm meets the real-time requirement and the enhanced images of better visual effect can be achieved.
{"title":"Multiple sub-histogram equalization low light level image enhancement and realization on FPGA","authors":"陈. C. Ying, 朱. Z. Ming","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140702.0225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140702.0225","url":null,"abstract":"In order to solve the problems that low light level image has low contrast and it is difficult to distinguish objective,it is necessary to research on low light level image enhancement algorithm.A multiple subhistogram equalization enhancement algorithm is proposed.Initially,in the proposed algorithm,the histogram are separated into four parts according to the area equally.Then,the resultant sub-histograms are clipped according to the average number of pixels of input image to reduce the enhancement phenomenon.In addition,the scale factor is adopted to adjust dynamic range.Finally,each sub-histogram is equalized.The algorithm is implemented on FPGA with verilog language,and is given subjective and objective evaluation.With this algorithm good results can be achieved in real-time on the hardware platform,and the delay of an image processing is about 0.45 ms.Experimental results show that with this proposed algorithm no saturation and noise amplification phenomenon appear,and image details of the processed image are well preserved and highlighted.Thealgorithm meets the real-time requirement and the enhanced images of better visual effect can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72567315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140703.0476
赵明富 Zhao Ming-fu, 王年 Wang Nian, 罗彬彬 Luo Bing-bing, 施玉佳 Shi Yu-jia, 曹立华 Cao Li-hua
In order to accurately measure temperature and concentration of sugar solution at the same time,we presented a hybrid fiber grating sensor. Firstly,based on mode coupling theory,hybrid fiber gratings were formed using fiber Bragg grating and long-period fiber grating,which could realize dual-parameters measurement. In this hybrid fiber grating,FBG response to temperature measurement,while LPFG response to simulataneous measurement of sugar solution concentration and temperature. Then,in two linear refractive index ranges,that is,from 1. 33 to 1. 42 and from 1. 42 to 1. 44,we calibrated correlation coefficient of temperature and sugar concentration. Finally,two sensitivity coefficient matrixes were constituted to discuss the method of measuring temperature and sugar solution concentration simultaneously. Experimental results indicate that the measuring sensitivity of temperature reaches 117. 9 pm / K,and sugar solution concentration reaches – 213. 5pm / RIU. Therefore,the modular fiber grating sensor has high sensitivity property as the photochemical sensor.
{"title":"Simultaneous measurement of temperature and concentration of sugar solution based on hybrid fiber grating sensor","authors":"赵明富 Zhao Ming-fu, 王年 Wang Nian, 罗彬彬 Luo Bing-bing, 施玉佳 Shi Yu-jia, 曹立华 Cao Li-hua","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140703.0476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140703.0476","url":null,"abstract":"In order to accurately measure temperature and concentration of sugar solution at the same time,we presented a hybrid fiber grating sensor. Firstly,based on mode coupling theory,hybrid fiber gratings were formed using fiber Bragg grating and long-period fiber grating,which could realize dual-parameters measurement. In this hybrid fiber grating,FBG response to temperature measurement,while LPFG response to simulataneous measurement of sugar solution concentration and temperature. Then,in two linear refractive index ranges,that is,from 1. 33 to 1. 42 and from 1. 42 to 1. 44,we calibrated correlation coefficient of temperature and sugar concentration. Finally,two sensitivity coefficient matrixes were constituted to discuss the method of measuring temperature and sugar solution concentration simultaneously. Experimental results indicate that the measuring sensitivity of temperature reaches 117. 9 pm / K,and sugar solution concentration reaches – 213. 5pm / RIU. Therefore,the modular fiber grating sensor has high sensitivity property as the photochemical sensor.","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79754772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140702.0240
张艳超 Zhang Yan-chao, 赵. Z. Jian, 韩希珍 Han Xi-zhen, 刘博超 Liu Bo-chao
{"title":"Application of SUSAN definition evaluation function in auto-focusing","authors":"张艳超 Zhang Yan-chao, 赵. Z. Jian, 韩希珍 Han Xi-zhen, 刘博超 Liu Bo-chao","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140702.0240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140702.0240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82295301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.3788/CO.20140702.0315
王. W. Hong, 田铁印 Tian Tie-yin
In order to complete recognition and detection tasks of the aircraft seeker,a high precision,miniaturization of the zoom optical system is designed.Targets are searched and identified at short focal length,wide field,and recognized at long focal length,narrow field.The mechanical compensation method is selected using three kinds of common optical materials.At the location of the long focal length,combinatorial design of the front group and the zoom group can make the system compact,and meet seeker miniaturization requirements.The zoom optical system with optimization focal length about 12.90° × 10.25° ~ 2.59° × 2.07° and lene tube length only 174 mm is designed by using the CODEⅤ optical design software.For the each focal length and each field of view,the average MTF is 0.695,and tested result is 0.562 at 50 lp / mm,which can meet performance requirements of the system.
{"title":"Miniature design of 5×zoom optical system","authors":"王. W. Hong, 田铁印 Tian Tie-yin","doi":"10.3788/CO.20140702.0315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3788/CO.20140702.0315","url":null,"abstract":"In order to complete recognition and detection tasks of the aircraft seeker,a high precision,miniaturization of the zoom optical system is designed.Targets are searched and identified at short focal length,wide field,and recognized at long focal length,narrow field.The mechanical compensation method is selected using three kinds of common optical materials.At the location of the long focal length,combinatorial design of the front group and the zoom group can make the system compact,and meet seeker miniaturization requirements.The zoom optical system with optimization focal length about 12.90° × 10.25° ~ 2.59° × 2.07° and lene tube length only 174 mm is designed by using the CODEⅤ optical design software.For the each focal length and each field of view,the average MTF is 0.695,and tested result is 0.562 at 50 lp / mm,which can meet performance requirements of the system.","PeriodicalId":10133,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86963205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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