J. Thyssen, G. Corn, J. Wohlfahrt, M. Melbye, P. Bager
Atopic dermatitis (AD) normally onsets in childhood and mostly resolves before adolescences. Disease persistence is known to be difficult to study properly, and current predictors are insufficient to identify more than a small fraction of patients at risk.
{"title":"Retrospective markers of paediatric atopic dermatitis persistence after hospital diagnosis: A nationwide cohort study","authors":"J. Thyssen, G. Corn, J. Wohlfahrt, M. Melbye, P. Bager","doi":"10.1111/cea.13487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13487","url":null,"abstract":"Atopic dermatitis (AD) normally onsets in childhood and mostly resolves before adolescences. Disease persistence is known to be difficult to study properly, and current predictors are insufficient to identify more than a small fraction of patients at risk.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"54 1","pages":"1455 - 1463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80747242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Margaglione, M. d’Apolito, Rosa Santocroce, A. B. Maffione
Since the Osler's identification of the inherited nature of hereditary angioedema, a huge array of information was collected on pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. Over the last years, information grew fast, and mutations in different genes, in addition to C1‐inhibitor, were found to be causative. All types are inherited as autosomal‐dominant traits with incomplete penetrance and little or no genotype‐phenotype correlation. As a result, the clinical expression is characterized by a large heterogeneity. The acknowledgement of mechanisms leading to heterogeneity of the clinical phenotype is likely to provide important information not only for a better understanding of the pathogenesis but also for therapy. Regardless of which gene is mutated, similar pathways seem to play a pivotal role, triggering the up‐regulation of contact activation system/kallikrein kinin system and giving rise to an unbalanced increase of bradykinin. However, notwithstanding the increase of bradykinin in bloodstream, the phenomenon is localized and no general vascular leakage and oedema is recognized. Thus, it is conceivable that there exist one or more localized factors that stimulate the production of bradykinin, which does not become a systemically event. Uncovering of these factors may shed lights on the missing part of the pathogenesis of hereditary angioedema. The present review, collecting information on pathogenesis from biochemical and genetics investigations, tries to provide a comprehensive view of the pathogenesis of hereditary angioedema. This can allow for a better understanding of the disease and lead to focused investigations that can further improve our knowledge.
{"title":"Hereditary angioedema: Looking for bradykinin production and triggers of vascular permeability","authors":"M. Margaglione, M. d’Apolito, Rosa Santocroce, A. B. Maffione","doi":"10.1111/cea.13506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13506","url":null,"abstract":"Since the Osler's identification of the inherited nature of hereditary angioedema, a huge array of information was collected on pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. Over the last years, information grew fast, and mutations in different genes, in addition to C1‐inhibitor, were found to be causative. All types are inherited as autosomal‐dominant traits with incomplete penetrance and little or no genotype‐phenotype correlation. As a result, the clinical expression is characterized by a large heterogeneity. The acknowledgement of mechanisms leading to heterogeneity of the clinical phenotype is likely to provide important information not only for a better understanding of the pathogenesis but also for therapy. Regardless of which gene is mutated, similar pathways seem to play a pivotal role, triggering the up‐regulation of contact activation system/kallikrein kinin system and giving rise to an unbalanced increase of bradykinin. However, notwithstanding the increase of bradykinin in bloodstream, the phenomenon is localized and no general vascular leakage and oedema is recognized. Thus, it is conceivable that there exist one or more localized factors that stimulate the production of bradykinin, which does not become a systemically event. Uncovering of these factors may shed lights on the missing part of the pathogenesis of hereditary angioedema. The present review, collecting information on pathogenesis from biochemical and genetics investigations, tries to provide a comprehensive view of the pathogenesis of hereditary angioedema. This can allow for a better understanding of the disease and lead to focused investigations that can further improve our knowledge.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"55 1","pages":"1395 - 1402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77628916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. DunnGalvin, G. Roberts, L. Regent, M. Austin, Fiona Kenna, S. Schnadt, Angel Sanchez‐Sanz, P. Hernandez, Bettina Hjorth, M. Fernández-Rivas, Steve L. Taylor, J. Baumert, A. Sheikh, S. Astley, R. Crevel, C. Mills
Understanding consumer perceptions is crucial if effective food safety policy and risk communication are to be developed and implemented. We sought to understand how those living with food allergy assess risk with precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) and their preference in how risks are communicated within a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) framework.
{"title":"Understanding how consumers with food allergies make decisions based on precautionary labelling","authors":"A. DunnGalvin, G. Roberts, L. Regent, M. Austin, Fiona Kenna, S. Schnadt, Angel Sanchez‐Sanz, P. Hernandez, Bettina Hjorth, M. Fernández-Rivas, Steve L. Taylor, J. Baumert, A. Sheikh, S. Astley, R. Crevel, C. Mills","doi":"10.1111/cea.13479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13479","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding consumer perceptions is crucial if effective food safety policy and risk communication are to be developed and implemented. We sought to understand how those living with food allergy assess risk with precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) and their preference in how risks are communicated within a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) framework.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"12 1","pages":"1446 - 1454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90410375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Knibb, M. Halsey, Polly James, G. Toit, Judith Young
Research over the past 20 years has demonstrated the significant impact food allergy can have on quality of life and mental health of patients and their families, yet there is a paucity of psychological services to support families in coping with this condition. This paper provides a short overview of the psychological impact of food allergy, followed by a discussion of the use of paediatric psychological services for long‐term conditions. To our knowledge, few paediatric allergy clinics in the UK have funding for dedicated clinical psychology services. Two such services are based at Southampton General Hospital and the Evelina London Children's Hospital. This paper includes descriptions of these services and how they are currently being used by patients and families. This is followed by an allergy clinician's perspective on the use of psychological services. Recommendations are made for allergy services to work with hospital psychology services to develop, integrate and deliver psychological services for all patients with allergy and their families who are in need. Future research also needs to focus on the efficacy of psychological therapies and group interventions in food allergy.
{"title":"Psychological services for food allergy: The unmet need for patients and families in the United Kingdom","authors":"R. Knibb, M. Halsey, Polly James, G. Toit, Judith Young","doi":"10.1111/cea.13488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13488","url":null,"abstract":"Research over the past 20 years has demonstrated the significant impact food allergy can have on quality of life and mental health of patients and their families, yet there is a paucity of psychological services to support families in coping with this condition. This paper provides a short overview of the psychological impact of food allergy, followed by a discussion of the use of paediatric psychological services for long‐term conditions. To our knowledge, few paediatric allergy clinics in the UK have funding for dedicated clinical psychology services. Two such services are based at Southampton General Hospital and the Evelina London Children's Hospital. This paper includes descriptions of these services and how they are currently being used by patients and families. This is followed by an allergy clinician's perspective on the use of psychological services. Recommendations are made for allergy services to work with hospital psychology services to develop, integrate and deliver psychological services for all patients with allergy and their families who are in need. Future research also needs to focus on the efficacy of psychological therapies and group interventions in food allergy.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"242 1","pages":"1390 - 1394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83488325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A report in the European Respiratory Journal now provides an ex‐ planation for how obesity and asthma may be linked.1 Margaglione et al examined the airway wall for adipose tissue in individuals with and without asthma. Adipose tissue was found only in the outer wall of large airways. They found that the amount of adipose tissue was associated with body mass index, wall thickness and the number of inflammatory cells. These latter two phenomena could readily give rise to an adiposity‐related asthma presentation (Figure 1). In this issue of the journal, Knibb et al argue that there is a need for better access to psychological services to support families to cope with food allergy.2 Food allergy has a pervasive impact on patients and their families. With the issues around precautionary labelling,3,4 those affected experience continued uncertainty and therefore anxiety about whether what they about to eating food that is contaminated with their triggering allergen. This can seriously impact on their activities and quality of life. The authors describe psychological approaches that may be helpful to patients who are particularly affected.5 Working in an allergy service multidisciplinary team that includes a psychologist, I can provide first‐hand support for their argument. Continuing on the theme of precautionary labelling, I should mention one of my papers.6 Within the iFAAM project, we surveyed consumers across Europe with food allergy. We aimed to under‐ stand how they assess risk with precautionary allergen labelling and this could be improved. Our focus was on the use of a Quantitative Risk Assessment framework. Within this evidence‐based approach would mean that only products likely to cause a reaction would have a precautionary allergen label.7 This would deliver certainty for con‐ sumers with allergies and help healthcare professionals give better advice.4,8 Finally, Smeekens et al have looked at whether indoor dust pro‐ motes airway sensitization to peanut and peanut allergy develop‐ ment in mice, as they do for aeroallergens.9 In this model, inhalation of low levels of peanut only caused peanut allergy when combined with indoor dust (Figure 1). So environmental adjuvants in indoor dust may be important determinants of the development of peanut allergy in childhood.
{"title":"The uncertainties and anxieties around food allergy","authors":"G. Roberts","doi":"10.1111/cea.13520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13520","url":null,"abstract":"A report in the European Respiratory Journal now provides an ex‐ planation for how obesity and asthma may be linked.1 Margaglione et al examined the airway wall for adipose tissue in individuals with and without asthma. Adipose tissue was found only in the outer wall of large airways. They found that the amount of adipose tissue was associated with body mass index, wall thickness and the number of inflammatory cells. These latter two phenomena could readily give rise to an adiposity‐related asthma presentation (Figure 1). In this issue of the journal, Knibb et al argue that there is a need for better access to psychological services to support families to cope with food allergy.2 Food allergy has a pervasive impact on patients and their families. With the issues around precautionary labelling,3,4 those affected experience continued uncertainty and therefore anxiety about whether what they about to eating food that is contaminated with their triggering allergen. This can seriously impact on their activities and quality of life. The authors describe psychological approaches that may be helpful to patients who are particularly affected.5 Working in an allergy service multidisciplinary team that includes a psychologist, I can provide first‐hand support for their argument. Continuing on the theme of precautionary labelling, I should mention one of my papers.6 Within the iFAAM project, we surveyed consumers across Europe with food allergy. We aimed to under‐ stand how they assess risk with precautionary allergen labelling and this could be improved. Our focus was on the use of a Quantitative Risk Assessment framework. Within this evidence‐based approach would mean that only products likely to cause a reaction would have a precautionary allergen label.7 This would deliver certainty for con‐ sumers with allergies and help healthcare professionals give better advice.4,8 Finally, Smeekens et al have looked at whether indoor dust pro‐ motes airway sensitization to peanut and peanut allergy develop‐ ment in mice, as they do for aeroallergens.9 In this model, inhalation of low levels of peanut only caused peanut allergy when combined with indoor dust (Figure 1). So environmental adjuvants in indoor dust may be important determinants of the development of peanut allergy in childhood.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"1 1","pages":"1388 - 1389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90931194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Stokes, Pryscilla Yoon, M. Makiya, Meheret Gebreegziabher, Nicole C Holland-Thomas, JeanAnne M Ware, L. Wetzler, P. Khoury, A. Klion
Glucocorticoids (GC) are considered first‐line therapy for most patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Although response rates are generally high, many patients require moderate to high doses for control of eosinophilia and symptoms, and up to 15% of patients do not respond at all. Despite this, little is known about the mechanisms of GC resistance in patients with HES.
{"title":"Mechanisms of glucocorticoid resistance in hypereosinophilic syndromes","authors":"K. Stokes, Pryscilla Yoon, M. Makiya, Meheret Gebreegziabher, Nicole C Holland-Thomas, JeanAnne M Ware, L. Wetzler, P. Khoury, A. Klion","doi":"10.1111/cea.13509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13509","url":null,"abstract":"Glucocorticoids (GC) are considered first‐line therapy for most patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Although response rates are generally high, many patients require moderate to high doses for control of eosinophilia and symptoms, and up to 15% of patients do not respond at all. Despite this, little is known about the mechanisms of GC resistance in patients with HES.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"19 1","pages":"1598 - 1604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79165084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. Mierlo, J. Totté, K. Fieten, Tim J. den Broek, F. Schuren, L. Pardo, S. Pasmans
The skin microbiome, characterized by an overgrowth of Staphylococcus aureus, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Multidisciplinary treatment in alpine climate is known for its positive effect on disease severity in children with AD and can result in a different immune response compared with moderate maritime climate. However, the effect on the composition of the skin microbiome in AD is unknown.
{"title":"The influence of treatment in alpine and moderate maritime climate on the composition of the skin microbiome in patients with difficult to treat atopic dermatitis","authors":"M. M. Mierlo, J. Totté, K. Fieten, Tim J. den Broek, F. Schuren, L. Pardo, S. Pasmans","doi":"10.1111/cea.13492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13492","url":null,"abstract":"The skin microbiome, characterized by an overgrowth of Staphylococcus aureus, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Multidisciplinary treatment in alpine climate is known for its positive effect on disease severity in children with AD and can result in a different immune response compared with moderate maritime climate. However, the effect on the composition of the skin microbiome in AD is unknown.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"5 1","pages":"1437 - 1445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76747390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Roberts, K. Grimshaw, K. Beyer, R. Boyle, G. Lack, M. Austin, V. García-Larsen, L. Grabenhenrich, S. Halken, T. Keil, C. Madsen, L. Regent, S. Schnadt, H. Szajewska, R. van Ree, E. Mills
Food allergy affects a small but significant number of children and adults. Food allergy is responsible for considerable morbidity and is the commonest cause of anaphylaxis in children. One of the aims of the European Union‐funded “Integrated Approaches to Food Allergen and Allergy Risk Management” (iFAAM) project was to improve our understanding of the best way to prevent the development of food allergy. Groups within the project worked on integrating the current prevention evidence base as well as generating new data to move our understanding forward. This paper from the iFAAM project is a unique addition to the literature on this topic as it not only outlines the recently published randomized controlled trials (as have previous reviews) but also summarizes two iFAAM‐associated project workshops. These workshops focused on how we may be able to use dietary strategies in early life to prevent the development of food allergy and summarized the range of opinions amongst experts in this controversial area.
{"title":"Can dietary strategies in early life prevent childhood food allergy? A report from two iFAAM workshops","authors":"G. Roberts, K. Grimshaw, K. Beyer, R. Boyle, G. Lack, M. Austin, V. García-Larsen, L. Grabenhenrich, S. Halken, T. Keil, C. Madsen, L. Regent, S. Schnadt, H. Szajewska, R. van Ree, E. Mills","doi":"10.1111/cea.13515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13515","url":null,"abstract":"Food allergy affects a small but significant number of children and adults. Food allergy is responsible for considerable morbidity and is the commonest cause of anaphylaxis in children. One of the aims of the European Union‐funded “Integrated Approaches to Food Allergen and Allergy Risk Management” (iFAAM) project was to improve our understanding of the best way to prevent the development of food allergy. Groups within the project worked on integrating the current prevention evidence base as well as generating new data to move our understanding forward. This paper from the iFAAM project is a unique addition to the literature on this topic as it not only outlines the recently published randomized controlled trials (as have previous reviews) but also summarizes two iFAAM‐associated project workshops. These workshops focused on how we may be able to use dietary strategies in early life to prevent the development of food allergy and summarized the range of opinions amongst experts in this controversial area.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"6 1","pages":"1567 - 1577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87886366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Michaelis, I. Skypala, J. Gardner, A. Sheikh, A. Fox, J. Holloway
It has long been recognised that given the high prevalence and considerable impact of allergic disease globally, there needs to be a focus on appropriate training for clinical professionals. The health‐economic consequences of allergic disease are significant, with both direct healthcare costs (doctor, nurse and dietitian consultations, hospital admissions and prescribed medications) and indirect costs (lost school and work time, reduced productivity and over‐the‐counter medications). There is also a well‐recognised impairment of quality of life, with less tangible costs including anxiety, distress, discomfort, disability and, occasionally, death. To help to mitigate these effects, there is a need to upskill the professional workforce at all levels, and also to equip those trained with the skills to become future healthare professional trainers. Upskilling the workforce from the grass‐roots of undergraduate study in Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Professionals (AHP) through the entirety of training to senior consultant levels could have a major beneficial impact on the patient and their families, lead to a reduction in emergency use of clinical service, and help increase economic productivity.
{"title":"Upskilling healthcare professionals to manage clinical allergy","authors":"L. Michaelis, I. Skypala, J. Gardner, A. Sheikh, A. Fox, J. Holloway","doi":"10.1111/cea.13497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13497","url":null,"abstract":"It has long been recognised that given the high prevalence and considerable impact of allergic disease globally, there needs to be a focus on appropriate training for clinical professionals. The health‐economic consequences of allergic disease are significant, with both direct healthcare costs (doctor, nurse and dietitian consultations, hospital admissions and prescribed medications) and indirect costs (lost school and work time, reduced productivity and over‐the‐counter medications). There is also a well‐recognised impairment of quality of life, with less tangible costs including anxiety, distress, discomfort, disability and, occasionally, death. To help to mitigate these effects, there is a need to upskill the professional workforce at all levels, and also to equip those trained with the skills to become future healthare professional trainers. Upskilling the workforce from the grass‐roots of undergraduate study in Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Professionals (AHP) through the entirety of training to senior consultant levels could have a major beneficial impact on the patient and their families, lead to a reduction in emergency use of clinical service, and help increase economic productivity.","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"7 1","pages":"1534 - 1540"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83051210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristen L. Yancey, Ping Li, Li-Ching Huang, Q. Sheng, R. Chandra, Naweed I Chowdhury, J. Turner
The identification and characterization of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) inflammatory endotypes has advanced the understanding of CRS pathophysiology with potentially important clinical implications1-3 . Building upon these innovative studies, our group recently characterized CRS inflammatory endotypes in a North American population using cluster analysis of cytokines measured in sinonasal mucus4,5 .
{"title":"Longitudinal stability of chronic rhinosinusitis endotypes","authors":"Kristen L. Yancey, Ping Li, Li-Ching Huang, Q. Sheng, R. Chandra, Naweed I Chowdhury, J. Turner","doi":"10.1111/cea.13502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13502","url":null,"abstract":"The identification and characterization of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) inflammatory endotypes has advanced the understanding of CRS pathophysiology with potentially important clinical implications1-3 . Building upon these innovative studies, our group recently characterized CRS inflammatory endotypes in a North American population using cluster analysis of cytokines measured in sinonasal mucus4,5 .","PeriodicalId":10148,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","volume":"24 1","pages":"1637 - 1640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84498007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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