Clinical and Experimental Dental Research最新文献_第5页

Marginal Fit and Fracture Resistance of Vertical Versus Horizontal Margins in Monolithic Zirconia Crowns

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70064

Mohamed A. Salama, Mohamed F. Aldamaty, Moamen A. Abdalla, Elsayed Ali Omar, Mohammed H. AbdElaziz, Ahmed Yaseen Alqutaibi

Objective

The use of vertical margin design in all-ceramic restoration has generated inquiries regarding its clinical efficacy under diverse dynamic oral conditions. This research aims to assess the marginal fit and fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia crowns featuring vertical margin design as opposed to those with conventional horizontal margin design.

Materials and Methods

Two metal dies were employed to generate replicated resin dies mimicking mandibular first molar preparation. The metal dies were precision-engineered with two margin designs: vertical margin design presenting a shoulderless configuration (Featheredge) and horizontal margin design (Radial Shoulder). Forty zirconia crowns were produced on the replicated resin dies using two varieties of monolithic zirconia, with twenty crowns in each category: pre-shaded and multilayered zirconia. Both sets were further subdivided into two groups based on the finish line configuration utilized (n = 10). The vertical marginal gap of the zirconia crowns was gauged before and after thermocycling (5-55oC/5000 cycles), followed by loading the crowns until fracture occurred. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), accompanied by Bonferroni's post hoc test and independent t-test for pairwise comparisons.

Results

The Shoulder subgroup of BruxZir exhibited the highest mean marginal gap value (120.06 ± 10.15 µ), while the Featheredge subgroup of BruxZir displayed the lowest value (49.72 ± 6.53 µ). Among the BruxZir group, the Featheredge subgroup showcased the highest mean fracture resistance value (4251.57 ± 279.90 N), whereas the Shoulder subgroup recorded the lowest value (1721.60 ± 225.16 N).

Conclusion

Monolithic zirconia crowns with vertical margin design (Featheredge) demonstrated statistically enhanced performance compared to conventional horizontal margin design, as evidenced by lower marginal gap values and increased fracture resistance tolerance.

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引用次数: 0

Development and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Properties of an Experimental Herbal Gel Against Cariogenic Bacteria

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70076

Marco Sánchez-Tito, Lidia Yileng Tay, Francisco Zea-Gamboa, Raúl Cartagena-Cutipa, Alysson Flores-Gómez, Bruno Spigno-Paco, Brando Raul Mendoza Salinas, Jose Elias Zuñiga Calcina, Ingrit Elida Collantes Díaz

Background

Recently, products with antibacterial properties derived from medicinal plants have increased as an alternative to conventional drugs. Thus, this study aimed to formulate and evaluate the antibacterial activity of an experimental gel based on Grindelia tarapacana essential oil in a bacterial consortium.

Material and Methods

The composition of the essential oil (EO) was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activity of the EO against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556, and Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 13419 was evaluated using an Agar disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration methods. Five formulations of the experimental gel were prepared at 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% (v/v). The antibacterial susceptibility test was evaluated using an Agar-Well diffusion assay against a bacterial consortium of S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and S. salivarius. The physical properties, pH, spreadability, gel morphology, phase separation, and drug release were evaluated. The experimental gels were compared with a chlorhexidine gel. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis tests with a significant level of 5%.

Results

The major components of the EO were bornyl acetate, α-isomethyl-E-nerolidol, germacrene B, E-nerolidol, α-cedrene-epoxide, fokienol, and 10-epi-γ-eudesmol. All formulations were effective in inhibiting bacterial growth. The 2% concentration presented inhibition zones (18.14 ± 1.01 mm) similar to those observed for the chlorhexidine gel (p > 0.05). All formulations were stable, without signs of separation, with adequate physical properties, and no significant differences were observed regarding the drug content with the chlorhexidine gel (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The experimental gels based on G. tarapacana EO presented good physicochemical properties and were highly effective in inhibiting the growth of a cariogenic bacterial consortium.

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引用次数: 0

Effect of Occlusal Scheme and Bone-Level Implant Number and Position on Stress Distribution in Kennedy Class II Implant-Assisted Removable Partial Dentures: A 3D Finite Element Analysis 三维有限元分析Kennedy II类种植辅助可摘局部义齿咬合方案与骨水平种植数量和位置对应力分布的影响

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70078

Solmaz Barati, Safoura Ghodsi, Somayeh Zeighami

Objectives

To assess the effect of occlusion and implant number/position on stress distribution in Kennedy Class II implant-assisted removable partial denture (IARPD).

Materials and Methods

IARPDs were designed in six models: with one implant (bone level with a platform of 4 mm and length of 10 mm) at the site of (I) canine, (II) between first and second premolars, (III) first molar, (IV) second molar, or two implants at the sites of (V) canine-first molar, and (VI) canine-second molar. A conventional RPD served as control. Loads were applied according to the group function (GF) (500N load was applied to the left canine/premolar/molar teeth in the ratio of 1:1:2) or canine guidance (CG) (125N load was to the canine tooth) occlusions. Maximum displacement and Von Mises Stress in different components were analyzed by finite element analysis (FEA).

Results

The control model showed the highest displacement followed by the IARPD with a canine implant in both occlusal schemes. In GF, the maximum and minimum jaw stress were recorded in IARPDs with canine implants (16.45 MPa) and canine-first molar implants (13.47 MPa), respectively. In CG, the maximum and minimum jaw stress was recorded in IARPD with first/second premolar implant (15.91 MPa) and canine-first molar implants (12.38 MPa), respectively. The highest stress in resin, framework, and implant(s) was noted in IARPD with canine implant in both schemes. The lowest stress in the implant(s) was recorded in IARPD with canine-second molar implants in GP and IARPD with canine-first molar implants in CG.

Conclusion

Dental implants reduced the total displacement of IARPDs, increased stress in mechanical components, and did not affect stress distribution in biological components. Insertion of two implants decreased implant stress. The GP scheme caused greater stress on mechanical components.

目的：评价咬合和种植体数量/位置对Kennedy II类种植辅助可摘局部义齿（IARPD）应力分布的影响。材料和方法：iarpd设计了六种模型：在(I)犬齿位置放置一个种植体（骨水平，平台为4mm，长度为10mm），（II）第一和第二前磨牙之间，（III）第一磨牙，（IV）第二磨牙，或在(V)犬-第一磨牙和（VI）犬-第二磨牙位置放置两个种植体。常规RPD作为对照。根据组函数（GF）（500N载荷以1:1:2的比例作用于左犬牙/前磨牙/磨牙）或犬引导（CG）（125N载荷作用于犬牙）咬合。采用有限元法分析了不同构件的最大位移和Von Mises应力。结果：在两种咬合方案中，对照模型的位移最大，其次是犬齿种植体的IARPD。在GF中，犬牙种植体和犬牙第一磨牙种植体的iarpd分别记录了最大和最小颌应力（16.45 MPa）和最小颌应力（13.47 MPa）。在CG组中，第一/第二前磨牙种植体IARPD的最大颌应力为15.91 MPa，第一磨牙种植体IARPD的最小颌应力为12.38 MPa。在两种方案中，犬类种植体的IARPD中树脂、框架和种植体的应力均最高。在GP组IARPD组犬第二磨牙种植体和CG组IARPD组犬第一磨牙种植体的种植体应力最低。结论：种植牙减少了iarpd的总位移，增加了机械部件的应力，但不影响生物部件的应力分布。植入两个种植体可减少种植体应力。GP方案对机械部件造成了更大的压力。

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引用次数: 0

Current Trends in Endodontic Clinical Practice in Croatia: A Report From a Croatian National Survey 克罗地亚牙髓临床实践的当前趋势：克罗地亚国家调查报告。

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70073

Josipa Sović, Sanja Šegović, Jurica Matijević, Božidar Pavelić, Ivica Anić, Ivan Tomasic

Objective

To assess the state of endodontic practices and identify factors influencing the use of modern endodontic techniques among dental practitioners in Croatia.

Materials and Methods

A questionnaire was distributed to all dental offices in Croatia, yielding 819 responses (27% response rate). Data were descriptively analyzed and statistically modeled.

Results

Nearly 74% of endodontic treatments in Croatia are performed by general practitioners (17 teeth per month per practitioner), while endodontic specialists handle the highest number of treatments per specialist (67 teeth per month, representing 15% of total treatments). 56% of respondents use radiography before the procedure “always” or “almost always” with intra-oral periapical radiography being the most commonly used technique. Rubber dams are used “never” to “rarely” by 74% of respondents. Apex-locators are highly prevalent, used “almost always” to “always” by 83% of practitioners. Magnifiers are rarely used, with 63% of respondents reporting they “never” use them. Lasers are never used by 92% of respondents, whereas 59% frequently use engine-driven instrumentation. 76% of respondents “always” or “almost always” determine the working length of the root canal. Sodium hypochlorite is the most common irrigant (88%), and EDTA for smear layer removal is used by 36% of respondents. The cold lateral condensation is the most popular obturation technique (64%). CBCT is unused by 59% of responders, most probably because it is not accessible.

Conclusions

Croatian endodontic practices are comparable to those in countries with similar economic status, but there is substantial potential, particularly among general practitioners, to enhance knowledge and awareness of modern technologies through continuous education. Underused techniques in Croatia include rubber dams, magnifiers, lasers, and CBCT.

目的：评估牙髓治疗的现状，并确定影响克罗地亚牙科医生使用现代牙髓治疗技术的因素。材料和方法：向克罗地亚所有牙科诊所分发了一份问卷，得到819份答复（回复率为27%）。对数据进行描述性分析和统计建模。结果：克罗地亚近74%的牙髓治疗是由全科医生进行的（每个医生每月17颗牙），而牙髓专家处理的治疗数量最多（每个专家每月67颗牙，占总治疗量的15%）。56%的应答者在手术前“总是”或“几乎总是”使用x线摄影，其中口内根尖周x线摄影是最常用的技术。74%的受访者从“从不”到“很少”使用橡胶坝。顶点定位器非常普遍，83%的从业者使用“几乎总是”到“总是”。放大镜很少使用，63%的受访者表示他们“从不”使用放大镜。92%的受访者从未使用过激光，而59%的受访者经常使用发动机驱动的仪器。76%的受访者“总是”或“几乎总是”决定根管的工作长度。次氯酸钠是最常见的冲洗剂（88%），36%的受访者使用EDTA去除涂抹层。冷侧冷凝是最常用的封闭技术（64%）。59%的应答者未使用CBCT，很可能是因为无法获得CBCT。结论：克罗地亚的牙髓治疗做法与经济状况相似的国家相当，但通过持续教育，特别是在全科医生中，有很大的潜力来提高对现代技术的认识和认识。克罗地亚未充分利用的技术包括橡胶坝、放大镜、激光和CBCT。

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引用次数: 0

Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Systemic Antibiotic Adjunct to Nonsurgical Treatment of Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial 患者报告的结果在全身抗生素辅助治疗牙周炎非手术治疗：一项随机对照临床试验。

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70067

Parastoo Parhizkar, Jaber Yaghini, Omid Fakheran

Objectives

Considering the importance of patient-centered care, we aimed to evaluate the impact of systemic antibiotics on oral health–related quality of life during nonsurgical periodontal treatment. This controlled trial addresses a gap in understanding how systemic antibiotics influence patient-reported outcomes, focusing on Stage III periodontitis.

Materials and Methods

Sixty-one adults participated in a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, with participants divided into two groups: the test group, which received antibiotics, and the control group. All the participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment. We conducted follow-up assessments at one and 3 months posttreatment, including recording clinical parameters and administering the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire.

Results

The results showed a notable improvement in the quality of life for patients in the test group compared to the control group at 1 month (p value = 0.012) and 3 months (p value = 0.014) after treatment. While there were improvements in pocket probing depth, gingival index, and clinical attachment loss in both groups, it is worth noting that only bleeding on probing exhibited a significant improvement in the test group after 3 months compared to the control group (p value = 0.008).

Conclusions

In summary, incorporating systemic antibiotics alongside nonsurgical periodontal treatments appears to bring about positive outcomes for individuals dealing with Stage III periodontitis during nonsurgical treatment, ultimately enhancing their oral health-related quality of life.

Trial Registration

Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT Id): IRCT20201221049786N1.

目的：考虑到以患者为中心的护理的重要性，我们旨在评估非手术牙周治疗期间全身性抗生素对口腔健康相关生活质量的影响。这项对照试验解决了在理解全面性抗生素如何影响患者报告的结果方面的空白，重点是III期牙周炎。材料与方法：61名成年人参加了一项双盲随机临床试验，参与者分为两组：实验组接受抗生素治疗，对照组接受抗生素治疗。所有的参与者都接受了非手术牙周治疗。我们在治疗后1个月和3个月进行随访评估，包括记录临床参数和填写口腔健康影响问卷-14 （OHIP-14）。结果：治疗后1个月（p值= 0.012）和3个月（p值= 0.014），试验组患者的生活质量较对照组有明显改善。虽然两组在探袋深度、牙龈指数和临床附着丧失方面均有改善，但值得注意的是，3个月后，与对照组相比，试验组只有探袋出血有显著改善（p值= 0.008）。结论：综上所述，在非手术牙周治疗的同时结合全身性抗生素治疗似乎为在非手术治疗期间处理III期牙周炎的个体带来了积极的结果，最终提高了他们口腔健康相关的生活质量。试验注册：伊朗临床试验注册中心（IRCT Id）： IRCT20201221049786N1。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in the Difficulty of Endodontic Cases Treated by Undergraduate Students at a University Clinic Between 1971 and 2019 1971 - 2019年高校门诊本科生牙髓治疗困难的变化

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70071

Pia Titterud Sunde, Erling Skallevold, Manpreet Kaur, Dag Solmund Ørstavik

Objective

This study aimed to assess the proportions of complicated endodontic cases treated by undergraduate dental students in a University clinic now and in the past.

Material and Methods

Data were obtained from the electronic records and previous publications from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway. The operators were dental undergraduate students in their final 2 years of training. Proportions of tooth types, diagnosis, and retreatments were studied.

Results

The amount of endodontically treated molars increased from 18% in 1971% to 44% in 2019. The number of teeth with preoperative apical periodontitis increased from 31% to 46%, and retreatments from 9% to 15%. The changes were highly significant, with the greatest change occurring from 1984 to 2009.

Conclusion

Undergraduate students are exposed to more complicated teeth now than 50 years ago.

目的：比较某高校牙科本科学生在门诊治疗复杂牙髓病的比例。材料和方法：数据来自挪威奥斯陆大学牙科学院的电子记录和以前的出版物。操作人员是牙科专业的本科生，正在进行最后两年的培训。研究了牙齿类型、诊断和再治疗的比例。结果：牙髓治疗磨牙的比例从1971%的18%上升到2019年的44%。术前患根尖牙周炎的牙齿数量从31%增加到46%，再治疗从9%增加到15%。变化非常显著，1984 - 2009年变化最大。结论：与50年前相比，现在的大学生接触到的牙齿更加复杂。

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引用次数: 0

Self-Reported Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Orofacial Esthetics Among Young Adults With Treated Dental Trauma 自我报告的口腔健康相关的生活质量和口腔面部美学治疗的年轻成人牙外伤。

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70068

Mari Louise Odersjö, Lina Johansson, Agneta Robertson, Nina Sabel

Objectives

This study aimed to explore how young adults with a history of dental trauma and restored teeth perceive their oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) and orofacial esthetics, with a focus on gender-based differences.

Materials and Methods

This pilot study is a retrospective case–control study. Young adults experiencing dental trauma and consequently receiving dental treatment were asked to answer CPQ11-14, Oral Esthetic Scale (OES), and some complimentary questions concerning the esthetics of their teeth. A control group was recruited. t-Test was used to analyze the scores of CPQ_11-14 and OES, comparing both the study group and the control group, as well as assessing differences between the genders. Regression analysis ANOVA was used to examine the relationship between the OES questions and CPQ_11-14 domains.

Results

The study group comprised 74 individuals (mean age = 23 years, SD 2.8), including 48 females and 26 males, with an equivalent number in the control group (mean age = 23 years, SD 3.4), with 49 females and 25 males. The mean score of the CPQ_11-14 was 8.8 (SD 7.2) for the study group and 8.0 (SD 6.8) for the control group. Within the emotional well-being domain, the study group exhibited a higher mean score (3.4, SD 3.6) compared to the control group (1.5, SD 2.6) (p < 0.001 t-test). Females in the study group scored higher in the emotional well-being domain (4.0, SD 3.7) compared to females in the control group (1.8, SD 2.7), (p < 0.01 independent t-test). The study group, who reported low satisfaction with their tooth color or alignment in the OES, also scored higher in the social well-being domain of CPQ_11-14 (p < 0.026, ANOVA). This was not observed in the control group.

Conclusions

Young adults with treated dental trauma trend to report a negative impact on their oral health-related quality of life and oral esthetics, particularly females.

目的：本研究旨在探讨有牙齿外伤和修复牙齿史的年轻人如何感知他们的口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）和口腔面部美学，并重点关注性别差异。材料与方法：本初步研究为回顾性病例对照研究。经历牙齿创伤并因此接受牙科治疗的年轻人被要求回答CPQ11-14，口腔美学量表（OES），以及一些关于牙齿美学的免费问题。招募了一个对照组。采用t检验分析CPQ11-14和OES得分，比较研究组和对照组，并评估性别差异。采用方差分析（ANOVA）检验OES题目与CPQ11-14结构域之间的关系。结果：研究组共74例，平均年龄23岁，SD 2.8，其中女性48例，男性26例；对照组平均年龄23岁，SD 3.4，女性49例，男性25例。研究组的CPQ11-14平均评分为8.8 (SD 7.2)，对照组的CPQ11-14平均评分为8.0 （SD 6.8）。在情绪健康领域，研究组的平均得分（3.4,SD 3.6）高于对照组（1.5,SD 2.6）（p 11-14）（p 11-14）。结论：接受过牙外伤治疗的年轻人倾向于报告其口腔健康相关生活质量和口腔美学的负面影响，尤其是女性。

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引用次数: 0

Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study of Naproxen During Dental Implant Osseointegration 萘普生在种植体骨整合中的随机、安慰剂对照试验研究。

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70065

Hattanas Kumchai, Daniel I. Taub, Ryan E. Tomlinson

Objectives

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often prescribed following the placement of dental implants, but the effects of these drugs on the osseointegration process are poorly understood. We designed a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study to quantitatively assess the effect of NSAIDs during early implant osseointegration.

Materials and Methods

Subjects receiving a maxillary dental implant were randomized to take naproxen or placebo for 7 days after the surgery. Implant osseointegration was quantified using Resonance Frequency Analysis device. Implant-Stability-Quotient (ISQ) measurement was performed at the time of surgery and at follow-up visits 1, 4, and 16 weeks after surgery. Periapical radiographs were taken to measure the marginal bone level. Separately, a questionnaire of NSAIDs usage was provided to subjects presenting with early implant failure.

Results

After 4 weeks, ISQ values increased modestly ( + 1%) in subjects receiving naproxen whereas subjects receiving placebo had a much larger increase in ISQ value (+41%). We observed 55% more marginal bone loss at 4 weeks, and 52% at 16 weeks in the naproxen group compared to the placebo group. These results were not found to have statistically significant between groups (p ≥ 0.05). These effect sizes and variance were used to conduct a power analysis to determine the necessary sample size for future studies. Furthermore, our separate questionnaire study revealed that 68% of our patients with early failed dental implants reported a history of NSAIDs usage after the surgery.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this pilot study provides effect sizes and sample size estimates for future studies to definitively determine recommendations regarding NSAID usage following dental implant surgery. Nonetheless, our study did not observe any statistically significant differences in ISQ value or marginal bone loss after up to 16 weeks of follow-up between subjects from naproxen and placebo groups.

目的：非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）通常在种植体植入后使用，但这些药物对骨整合过程的影响尚不清楚。我们设计了一项随机、安慰剂对照的初步研究，定量评估非甾体抗炎药在早期种植体骨整合中的作用。材料和方法：接受上颌种植体的受试者在术后7天随机服用萘普生或安慰剂。采用共振频率分析仪定量种植体骨整合。植体稳定性商数（ISQ）测量在手术时和术后1、4和16周的随访中进行。采用根尖周围x线片测量边缘骨水平。另外，向出现早期种植失败的受试者提供非甾体抗炎药使用问卷。结果：4周后，接受萘普生治疗的受试者的ISQ值略有增加（+ 1%），而接受安慰剂治疗的受试者的ISQ值增加幅度要大得多（+41%）。我们观察到，与安慰剂组相比，萘普生组4周时的边缘骨质流失多55%，16周时多52%。各组间差异无统计学意义（p≥0.05）。这些效应量和方差被用来进行功效分析，以确定未来研究所需的样本量。此外，我们的单独问卷研究显示，68%的早期种植牙失败的患者报告术后使用非甾体抗炎药的历史。结论：本初步研究为未来研究提供了效应量和样本量估计，以明确确定种植牙手术后使用非甾体抗炎药的建议。尽管如此，我们的研究并没有观察到在长达16周的随访后，萘普生组和安慰剂组的受试者在ISQ值或边缘骨质流失方面有任何统计学上的显著差异。

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引用次数: 0

Association Between Self-Reported Oral Health and Dental Fear Among Illicit Drug Users in Northern Finland 芬兰北部非法吸毒者自我报告的口腔健康与牙科恐惧之间的关系

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70055

Raija Vainionpää, Antti Tiisanoja, Outi Kokkola, Pirkko Riipinen, Vuokko Anttonen

Objectives

About 10% of adults in northern Finland have severe dental fear, but there is a lack of detailed knowledge about dental fear among illicit drug users. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental fear and its association with self-reported oral health and health behavior as well as background factors of the customers of substance abuse services living in the region of Oulu, Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland.

Materials and Methods

One hundred seventeen volunteers, either active or former illicit drug users, were interviewed face-to-face about their background factors, health and health behaviors, and use of illicit drugs. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) was used to assess a situation-specific level of dental anxiety. For analyses, Pearson's χ² test, Fisher's exact test, ANOVA, and logistic regression analysis were performed.

Results

Three out of four participants had at least moderate dental fear (MDAS ≥ 10) and 24% had severe dental fear (MDAS ≥ 19), with the average MDAS being 14.0 (SD 5.7). Participants in drug rehabilitation reported significantly more dental fear than the rest of the participants. Severe dental fear was associated (adjusted) with previous painful experiences OR 10.8 (2.3–52.0) and poor behavior by dental personnel OR 4.1 (1.2–13.9).

Conclusions

Dental fear is common among illicit drug users, and it is, particularly, associated with previous painful experiences and poor behavior by dental personnel.

目的：芬兰北部约10%的成年人有严重的牙科恐惧，但缺乏有关非法吸毒者牙科恐惧的详细知识。本研究的目的是评估居住在芬兰北部奥卢地区的药物滥用服务客户的牙科恐惧的流行程度及其与自我报告的口腔健康和健康行为的关系，以及背景因素。材料和方法：对117名志愿者进行了面对面访谈，了解他们的背景因素、健康和健康行为以及非法药物的使用情况。使用改良牙科焦虑量表（MDAS）评估特定情况的牙科焦虑水平。分析采用Pearson χ2检验、Fisher精确检验、方差分析和logistic回归分析。结果：3 / 4的受试者至少有中度牙科恐惧（MDAS≥10），24%的受试者有严重牙科恐惧（MDAS≥19），平均MDAS为14.0 （SD 5.7）。戒毒康复组的参与者报告的牙齿恐惧明显多于其他参与者。严重的牙科恐惧与先前的痛苦经历（OR 10.8(2.3-52.0)）和牙科人员的不良行为（OR 4.1(1.2-13.9)）相关（调整后）。结论：牙科恐惧在非法药物使用者中很常见，特别是与以前的痛苦经历和牙科人员的不良行为有关。

{"title":"Association Between Self-Reported Oral Health and Dental Fear Among Illicit Drug Users in Northern Finland","authors":"Raija Vainionpää, Antti Tiisanoja, Outi Kokkola, Pirkko Riipinen, Vuokko Anttonen","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70055","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>About 10% of adults in northern Finland have severe dental fear, but there is a lack of detailed knowledge about dental fear among illicit drug users. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental fear and its association with self-reported oral health and health behavior as well as background factors of the customers of substance abuse services living in the region of Oulu, Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred seventeen volunteers, either active or former illicit drug users, were interviewed face-to-face about their background factors, health and health behaviors, and use of illicit drugs. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) was used to assess a situation-specific level of dental anxiety. For analyses, Pearson's <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> test, Fisher's exact test, ANOVA, and logistic regression analysis were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three out of four participants had at least moderate dental fear (MDAS ≥ 10) and 24% had severe dental fear (MDAS ≥ 19), with the average MDAS being 14.0 (SD 5.7). Participants in drug rehabilitation reported significantly more dental fear than the rest of the participants. Severe dental fear was associated (adjusted) with previous painful experiences OR 10.8 (2.3–52.0) and poor behavior by dental personnel OR 4.1 (1.2–13.9).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dental fear is common among illicit drug users, and it is, particularly, associated with previous painful experiences and poor behavior by dental personnel.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment of a Quantitative Method for the Extraction of Nicotine and Cotinine in Gingival Tissue and Relationship Between Gingival Intoxication With Conventional Smoking Biomarkers: A Pilot Study 牙龈组织中尼古丁和可替宁定量提取方法的建立及牙龈中毒与传统吸烟生物标志物关系的初步研究。

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70022

Leila Salhi, Samuel Hazout, Dorien Van hede, France Lambert, Corinne Charlier, Marine Deville

Objectives

Smoking is considered a major risk factor for periodontitis genesis and progression. In clinical studies, specific indicators have been used to characterize the smoking status of the patient as the number of cigarettes consumed (NCC), the pack-years (PY), or Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). However, available literature is missing on the relationship between cotinine gingival intoxication and smoking indicators. First, the development of a quantitative method for the extraction of nicotine and cotinine in gingival tissue. Second, to investigate the relationship between gingival intoxication and conventional smoking biomarkers.

Material and Methods

Fourteen smoker patients were included in the study. After clinical data collection, salivary and gingival samples collection, toxicological analyses were performed using liquid extraction after enzymatic digestion (subtilisin) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).

Results

Gingival cotinine quantification was successfully performed in 14 samples (100%) with a mean of 0.280 ng/mg (range = 0.094–0.505). Only FTND was statistically associated with gingival cotinine levels (p = 0.0072; r² = 0.60). Gingival nicotine quantification was achieved in 12 of the 14 gingival samples (86%) with a mean of 0.384 ± 1.00 ng/mg (range = 0.03–3.84). Gingival nicotine was statistically associated with NCC (p = 0.032; r² = 0.55), PY (p = 0.0011; r² = 0.76), and FTND (p = 0.016; r² = 0.60). Salivary nicotine and cotinine levels were statistically associated with, respectively, NCC (p = 0.030; r² = 0.34), and NCC (p = 0.0094; r² = 0.63) + PY (p = 0.0078; r² = 0.64).

Conclusions

This pilot study established a quantitative extraction method for nicotine and cotinine from human gingival samples. Additionally, FTND was associated with gingival cotinine. However, further large-scale studies are needed to confirm the relationship between nicotine dependence and gingival intoxication.

目的：吸烟被认为是牙周炎发生和发展的主要危险因素。在临床研究中，已经使用特定的指标来表征患者的吸烟状况，如消耗的香烟数量（NCC），包年（PY）或Fagerström尼古丁依赖测试（FTND）。然而，现有文献缺乏可替宁牙龈中毒与吸烟指标之间的关系。首先，建立了牙龈组织中尼古丁和可替宁的定量提取方法。第二，探讨牙龈中毒与传统吸烟生物标志物之间的关系。材料与方法：纳入14例吸烟患者。在收集临床资料、唾液和牙龈样本后，采用酶解后的液体萃取（枯草杆菌素）和超高效液相色谱-质谱联用（UPLC-MS/MS）进行毒理学分析。结果：14份样品（100%）牙龈可替宁定量成功，平均0.280 ng/mg（范围= 0.094 ~ 0.505）。只有FTND与牙龈可替宁水平有统计学相关性(p = 0.0072；r²= 0.60)。14份牙龈样品中有12份（86%）实现了牙龈尼古丁定量，平均值为0.384±1.00 ng/mg（范围= 0.03 ~ 3.84）。牙龈尼古丁与NCC有统计学相关性(p = 0.032；r²= 0.55),PY (p = 0.0011；r²= 0.76),FTND (p = 0.016；r²= 0.60)。唾液中尼古丁和可替宁水平分别与NCC相关(p = 0.030；r²= 0.34),NCC (p = 0.0094；r²= 0.63)+ PY (p = 0.0078；r²= 0.64)。结论：本初步研究建立了从人牙龈样品中定量提取尼古丁和可替宁的方法。此外，FTND与牙龈可替宁有关。然而，需要进一步的大规模研究来证实尼古丁依赖与牙龈中毒之间的关系。

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引用次数: 0