Clinical and Experimental Dental Research最新文献

{"title":"A Comparative Study on the Fracture Resistance of CAD/CAM–Fabricated Single-Piece Post-Crowns","authors":"Ali Erdem,&nbsp;Mehmet Selim Bilgin,&nbsp;Ibrahim Ersoy,&nbsp;Erhan Dilber,&nbsp;Ebru Nur Işık,&nbsp;Tan Fırat Eyüboğlu,&nbsp;Mutlu Özcan","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70247","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, CAD/CAM materials have become popular in dental clinics; however, information about their fracture resistance as post-crowns remains limited. This study compared the initial fracture resistance of potential single-piece post-crown materials made with CAD/CAM milling to sound teeth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty freshly extracted, non-carious human central incisor teeth underwent endodontic treatment. The roots were then randomly divided into five groups based on the post systems: the control group included teeth filled only with gutta-percha. Monoblock post-crowns were made using four different systems for the other groups: LDS (IPS e.max CAD®, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic), YTZP (inCoris ZI®, Yttrium tetragonal zirconia polycrystal), RNC (Lava Ultimate®, resin-based nanoceramic), and PICN (VITA Enamic®, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network). The post-crowns were cemented with resin cement and tested with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Data analysis used one-way ANOVA and multiple comparison post-hoc Tukey tests (<i>α</i> = 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant differences were found between the groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The control group exhibited the highest fracture resistance (749.25 ± 225.02 N). YTZP showed similar resistance to the control (<i>p</i> = 0.99) and LDS (447.28 ± 168.72 N, <i>p</i> = 0.081), but was significantly higher than RNC (343.79 ± 157.08 N, <i>p</i> = 0.0051) and PICN (348.78 ± 157.44 N, <i>p</i> = 0.0059). LDS, RNC, and PICN did not differ significantly. YTZP experienced more non-repairable fractures (5/10), while PICN predominantly failed in a repairable manner (9/10).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All CAD/CAM post-crowns exceeded functional loads for the anterior region. YTZP and LDS demonstrated greater strength, whereas PICN and RNC, despite being weaker, favored repairable failures—highlighting the importance of balancing strength and clinical manageability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12705900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Raman Spectroscopy and Micro-Indentation to Micro-Map the Path and Boundary of NaOCI-Induced Dentine Collagen Changes in an Ex-Vivo Root Canal Irrigation Model","authors":"Yuan Ng,&nbsp;Michele Recchia,&nbsp;Cristina Pereira,&nbsp;Graham Palmer,&nbsp;Laurent Bozec,&nbsp;Kishor Gulabivala","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70262","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70262","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To apply Raman spectroscopy and micro-indentation to micro-map the path and boundary of NaOCl-induced dentine collagen changes in an ex-vivo root canal irrigation model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Root canals of extracted single-rooted teeth were prepared and irrigated with NaOCl or saline. Four teeth (NaOCl = 3; saline = 1) embedded in epoxy resin and sectioned transversely into discs were Raman-analyzed on coronal surfaces from <i>inter-</i> and <i>intra-tubular</i> dentine in 4 quadrants over 12, 24, and 48 min-acquisition times. Eight additional teeth stratified by root maturity, irrigated with NaOCl (<i>n</i> = 7) or saline (<i>n</i> = 1), sectioned transversely and then embedded, were Raman-analyzed on apical surfaces at 18 equidistant (50 μm) points/quadrant for Amide bands. Micro-indentation of the corresponding facing sectioned surface was correlated with Amide band changes. Generalized linear and non-linear regression models were used for data analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spectral quality at 24/48 min was similar and better than at 12 min. Inter-tubular but not intra-tubular spectra were masked by fluorescence. Spectral features near the canal lumen ( &lt; 500 μm) showed more significant collagen alteration and varied by tooth/quadrant but decreasingly towards the cemento-dentinal junction (CDJ) without a clear boundary. Significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) changes in Amide I/III bands up to 300 μm from the canal and were accompanied by deeper corresponding indentations upto 200 μm. Canal instrumentation had a significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) effect on both Amide-I and Amide-III bands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NaOCl altered dentinal collagen and reduced microhardness but varied with quadrants/teeth, without a definable boundary; collagen changes were obvious within 300 μm of the canal and microhardness changes within 200 μm but evident to a decreasing extent up to the CDJ.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12705904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Jaw Function and Mental Health Between Patients With Anterior Disc Displacement With and Without Reduction","authors":"Yuan Yao,&nbsp;Sha Sha Liu,&nbsp;Lei Jin,&nbsp;Ji Ling Ye,&nbsp;Zhong Yi Fang,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Li Li Xu,&nbsp;Bin Cai,&nbsp;Xin Jiang","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70261","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70261","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) and without reduction (ADDWOR) are two common clinical types of temporomandibular disorders. This study compared the levels of anxiety, depression, somatization, and jaw function of patients with ADDWR and ADDWOR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From January 2023 to December 2024, 119 patients with ADDWR and 127 patients with ADDWOR were recruited from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at the Shanghai Ninth Peoples Hospital. All participants completed a single assessment, including a pain rating and several questionnaires to assess jaw dysfunction, depression, somatization, and anxiety levels. The scores and the grade distribution of somatization, depression, and anxiety of the two groups were compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anxiety, depression, and somatization scores, as well as grade distributions, did not differ significantly between the ADDWR and ADDWOR groups. The scores for jaw function limitation, and pain on mouth opening and chewing were higher in the ADDWOR group than in the ADDWR group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with ADDWOR demonstrated more severely impaired jaw function and greater pain intensity during mouth opening and mastication compared to the ADDWR group. However, no significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of anxiety, depression, or somatic symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12705896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporomandibular Disorders in 13- and 15-Year-Old Females: A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Christina Mejersjö,&nbsp;Eva-Karin Bergström,&nbsp;Bengt Wenneberg,&nbsp;Anders Wänman","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70257","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70257","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many adolescents, especially females, suffer from temporomandibular pain and dysfunction (TMD). We investigated the prevalence and progression of TMD symptoms in an early teen cohort in relation to oral parafunctions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Girls 13 years of age in 19 middle schools were invited to participate. A total of 630 girls were enrolled in a prospective study at age 13 and 507 girls were followed at the age of 15 years. The girls completed a short questionnaire at the start and at follow-up. Clinical examination was performed at the start in 24% of the girls. All girls had regular check-ups at the Community Dentistry Clinic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately one fourth of the 13-year-old girls reported TMD symptoms and headache once a week or more often. The frequencies increased during the follow-up to one third of the girls at age 15 years. Headache was the most common complaint with daily headache occurring in 7.5% of the girls at 15 years. At the clinical examination at age 13, one or more TMD signs were noticed in 36% of the girls with pain-related diagnoses in 32% (predominantly of muscle origin) and joint clicking in 4.5% of the girls. The need for some attention/care was estimated at 15%. There was a strong relationship between TMD symptoms and oral parafunctions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately one third of 13- and 15-year-old girls reported TMD symptoms and had clinical signs. It is crucial to take heed to TMD symptoms in young teenagers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12690619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Properties of Sympathomimetic Nasal Solutions for Potential Use in Dental Pulpal Management","authors":"Robert S. Jones,&nbsp;Roman Garcia,&nbsp;Isha Mutreja,&nbsp;Dhiraj Kumar","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70259","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70259","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sympathomimetic nasal solutions (SNS), containing oxymetazoline or phenylephrine, may be used directly onto dental pulp tissue and initiate hemostasis via activation of alpha-receptors that innervate arteriole smooth muscles. The aim of this study was to assess these SNS's biocompatibility with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and ability to kill a deep caries-associated pathogen, <i>Rothia dentocariosa</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test assessed SNS zones of inhibition (ZOI) toward <i>R. dentocariosa</i> growth on agar plates. Over-the-counter (OTC) SNS containing 0.025% and 0.05% oxymetazoline (NS-OXY-kids, NS-OXY-original) and 1% phenylephrine (NS-PHE) were tested along with ingredients found in these nasal solutions: 0.025%, 0.05% oxymetazoline; 0.0125%, 0.025% benzalkonium chloride; and 0.2%, 1% phenylephrine (PHE). A second antimicrobial broth inhibition assay examined effects on <i>R. dentocariosa</i> planktonic growth. A 24-h recovery biocompatibility assay with resazurin (alamarBlue) was performed on hDPSC that were exposed to pure respective compound solutions, NS-OXY-kids, NS-PHE, and 1% PHE for 10 min.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NS-OXY-kids, NS-OXY-original, NS-PHE, and 0.025% BKC were bactericidal toward <i>R. dentocariosa</i> with an average ZOI of (16.33 ± 2.22 [average ± SD] mm). NS-PHE had a small but statistically significant difference (17.83 ± 3.189 mm) between NS-OXY-kids (14.67 ± 1.033 mm); 0.0125% BKC had a smaller (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) ZOI of 10.5 ± 0.837 mm. Solutions containing solely OXY (0.025%, 0.05%) and PHE (0.2%, 1%) demonstrated no bactericidal activity but had a slight bacteriostatic inhibition in the broth inhibition assay. The commercial OTC formulations of NS-PHE and NS-OXY-kids needed to be diluted 1:10 to have near 50% metabolic activity of hDPSCs normalized to untreated control cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NS-PHE and NS-OXY (both original and kids) had antimicrobial activity toward <i>R. dentocariosa</i> and comparable biocompatibility with hDPSCs. SNS may have both hemostatic and antimicrobial properties if used as pulpal medicaments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes of Titanium Mesh for Alveolar Bone Augmentation: An Umbrella Review","authors":"Ethan Ng,&nbsp;Nikos Donos,&nbsp;Mohammad Adib Jaafar,&nbsp;John Rong Hao Tay,&nbsp;Nikos Mardas","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70250","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70250","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To critically evaluate the evidence derived from systematic reviews for titanium mesh as a bone augmentation method for alveolar ridge deficiencies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five databases were searched for systematic reviews describing any interventions to increase the dimensions of the alveolar ridge using titanium mesh. Included reviews had to report on the primary outcome of vertical and/or horizontal bone gain after augmentation with titanium mesh. The methodological quality of the systematic reviews was assessed with the AMSTAR 2 tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated with GRADE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eight systematic reviews were identified, including two with meta-analysis. Of the 51 index studies included in the reviews, 20 were RCTs. The weighted mean reported vertical bone gain was 4.05 mm, and horizontal gain was 3.96 mm. However, overlap of primary studies across included reviews limits the precision of these estimates. When stratified by review quality, the single high-quality review showed lower vertical and horizontal bone gain compared to the weighted mean. The average mesh exposure rate was 25%, although bone regeneration was usually still sufficient for implant placement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Titanium mesh can be effective for bone regeneration but carries a notable risk of site exposure. When choosing the technique for bone augmentation, clinicians should balance achieving optimal bone regeneration with minimal complications to enhance patient care and surgical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12690612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Study of Replacement Resorption and Its Risk Factors After Replantation of Avulsed Young Permanent Teeth","authors":"Gong Min,&nbsp;Qi Jianyan,&nbsp;Cai Chenxing,&nbsp;Gao Suyu","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70254","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study was conducted on 30 cases of replacement resorption after replantation of avulsed young permanent teeth with clinical observation period of more than 2 years, to provide reference for clinical treatment and prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study was carried out on 30 cases replacement resorption after replantation of avulsed young permanent teeth with replacement resorption. The clinical and imaging data during posttraumatic follow-up were recorded and analyzed, including trauma age, gender, traumatic tooth position, root development stage, time of tooth separation, storage media, fixed time, and clinical examination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 30 cases, the fastest replacement resorption occurred in the first month after trauma (1 case), and the slowest occurred in the 24th month (1 case). The incidence of replacement resorption was 26.7% at month 3, 70% at month 6, 90% at month 9, and 96.7% at month 12. Fifteen patients showed progressive ankylosis, the degree of ankylosis gradually increased. Analysis and screening of risk factors found that the extraoral time was statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study shows that the longer the time in vitro, the more likely progressive tooth sinking will occur, resulting in tooth loss. Therefore, it is more important to popularize the emergency treatment of mean avulsion. How to correctly deal with prolapse teeth, how to optimize the emergency trauma channel, reduce the occurrence of delayed replantation, and prolong the life of replantation teeth will be the focus of the future work of pediatric stomatologists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Impact of Peri-Implantitis Processes on Interleukin Profiles in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid","authors":"Kristina Volchykhina,&nbsp;Olesya Manukhina,&nbsp;Ika Dewi Ana,&nbsp;Natalia Beshchasna,&nbsp;Serhii Pavlov,&nbsp;Oleg Mishchenko","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70252","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to verify the methodology for investigation of interleukin (IL) concentrations in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and to assess their correlation with clinical parameters, particularly bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PICF was collected from 60 peri-implantitis patients and 25 healthy volunteers to analyze IL levels in both groups. Sampling was conducted using sterile dental brushes, which were placed in the peri-implant crevice for up to 10 s. The brushes were then stored in Eppendorf tubes containing 1 mL of phosphate-buffered saline and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min. Samples were frozen at −80°C (193,15 K) for preservation. IL concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found significantly elevated levels of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10 in PI patients compared to healthy controls. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between BOP and IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10, while PPD showed no significant relationship with IL levels. Among these, IL-10 had the greatest influence on BOP, highlighting its dual role in reducing excessive inflammation and sustaining chronic immune responses through immune tolerance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study demonstrated that IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in PICF are closely associated with the severity of peri-implant inflammation. Among these cytokines, IL-10 showed the strongest relationship with BOP, indicating its important role in the modulation of local immune activity. IL-6 was also positively correlated with inflammatory severity, reflecting its involvement in sustaining the destructive processes within peri-implant tissues. Overall, the obtained data suggest that IL-6 and IL-10 may serve as useful indicators of ongoing inflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. However, their prognostic or diagnostic utility requires confirmation in longitudinal studies assessing temporal cytokine changes and treatment outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12669803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145653833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Effect of Using Endo-Activator on Pushout Bond Strength of Radicular Dentin to Prefabricated Fiber Post in Using Natural Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors","authors":"Nadia Elyassi Gorji,&nbsp;Homayoun Alaghemand,&nbsp;Faraneh Mokhtarpour,&nbsp;Elham Mahmodnia","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70255","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assessed the effect of using Endo-Activator on pushout bond strength (PBS) of radicular dentin to prefabricated fiber post in using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and aloe vera natural matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This in vitro study was conducted on 120 extracted teeth in 2 groups with/without using Endo-Activator for root canal irrigation, each with 3 subgroups of LuxaBond primer (I) alone, (II) with aloe vera, and (III) with EGCG. After root canal treatment and post space preparation, radicular dentin was etched, the respective primer was rubbed on radicular dentin, and fiber posts were cemented using LuxaBond dual-cure adhesive and LuxaCore Z dual-cure cement. Each tooth was horizontally sectioned at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds, and the PBS of fiber post to dentin was measured immediately and after 6 months. Failure mode was determined under a stereomicroscope (×80).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irrigation with Endo-Activator improved both the immediate and 6-month PBS in all sections (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The highest immediate PBS was recorded in the coronal third in the aloe vera subgroups with no significant difference between use/no use of Endo-Activator (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). At 6 months, aloe vera yielded the highest PBS in the coronal third, with significantly higher values in use of Endo-Activator (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irrigation with Endo-Activator along with the application of EGCG and aloe vera significantly improved the PBS of fiber post to radicular dentin and its durability; this effect was greater in the cervical third in the aloe vera subgroups both immediately and after 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrophosphate Regulates Multilineage Differentiation in Stem Cells From Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth","authors":"Ravipha Suwittayarak,&nbsp;Nunthawan Nowwarote,&nbsp;Chatvadee Kornsuthisopon,&nbsp;Waleerat Sukarawan,&nbsp;Brian L. Foster,&nbsp;Hiroshi Egusa,&nbsp;Thanaphum Osathanon","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70248","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70248","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the cellular behavior of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in response to inorganic pyrophosphate (PP_i).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SHED cells were isolated from the dental pulp tissues of human primary exfoliated teeth. Cell proliferation was examined using the MTT assay, colony-forming unit assay, and cell cycle analysis. Cell migration was evaluated using the scratch assay. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by the expression of osteogenic marker genes and <i>in vitro</i> mineral deposition. Oil Red O staining was employed to determine intracellular lipid accumulation under adipogenic differentiation. For osteoclast differentiation, TRAP staining was used. The global gene expression profile was examined by RNA sequencing analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PP_i reduced early cell apoptosis and enhanced cell migration. PP_i inhibited mineral deposition dose-dependently and significantly reduced <i>DSPP</i> and <i>BGLAP</i> expression. The higher dose of 10 μM PP_i decreased <i>RANKL</i> mRNA expression, while it did not influence <i>OPG</i> mRNA levels, resulting in the reduction of the <i>RANKL/OPG</i> expression ratio. Culture medium from PP_i-treated SHED reduced the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. Further, PP_i inhibited <i>CEBPA</i> but not <i>PPARG</i> and <i>LPL</i> mRNA expression under adipogenic induction. The intracellular lipid accumulation tended to decrease in PP_i-treated conditions (10 μM). The transcriptomic profiles illustrated that PP_i potentially modulated several pathways, including the metabolism of lipids, interleukin-6, TGF-β1, and NOTCH signaling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PP_i inhibited osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic and indirectly attenuated osteoclast differentiation by SHED. This study implicated that PP_i can modulate the cellular responses of SHED.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}