Clinical and Experimental Dental Research最新文献_第5页

Tissue Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Properties of Sympathomimetic Nasal Solutions for Potential Use in Dental Pulpal Management 拟交感神经鼻腔溶液在牙髓管理中潜在应用的组织生物相容性和抗菌性能。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70259

Robert S. Jones, Roman Garcia, Isha Mutreja, Dhiraj Kumar

Objectives

Sympathomimetic nasal solutions (SNS), containing oxymetazoline or phenylephrine, may be used directly onto dental pulp tissue and initiate hemostasis via activation of alpha-receptors that innervate arteriole smooth muscles. The aim of this study was to assess these SNS's biocompatibility with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and ability to kill a deep caries-associated pathogen, Rothia dentocariosa.

Materials and Methods

A Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test assessed SNS zones of inhibition (ZOI) toward R. dentocariosa growth on agar plates. Over-the-counter (OTC) SNS containing 0.025% and 0.05% oxymetazoline (NS-OXY-kids, NS-OXY-original) and 1% phenylephrine (NS-PHE) were tested along with ingredients found in these nasal solutions: 0.025%, 0.05% oxymetazoline; 0.0125%, 0.025% benzalkonium chloride; and 0.2%, 1% phenylephrine (PHE). A second antimicrobial broth inhibition assay examined effects on R. dentocariosa planktonic growth. A 24-h recovery biocompatibility assay with resazurin (alamarBlue) was performed on hDPSC that were exposed to pure respective compound solutions, NS-OXY-kids, NS-PHE, and 1% PHE for 10 min.

Results

NS-OXY-kids, NS-OXY-original, NS-PHE, and 0.025% BKC were bactericidal toward R. dentocariosa with an average ZOI of (16.33 ± 2.22 [average ± SD] mm). NS-PHE had a small but statistically significant difference (17.83 ± 3.189 mm) between NS-OXY-kids (14.67 ± 1.033 mm); 0.0125% BKC had a smaller (p < 0.05) ZOI of 10.5 ± 0.837 mm. Solutions containing solely OXY (0.025%, 0.05%) and PHE (0.2%, 1%) demonstrated no bactericidal activity but had a slight bacteriostatic inhibition in the broth inhibition assay. The commercial OTC formulations of NS-PHE and NS-OXY-kids needed to be diluted 1:10 to have near 50% metabolic activity of hDPSCs normalized to untreated control cells.

Conclusions

NS-PHE and NS-OXY (both original and kids) had antimicrobial activity toward R. dentocariosa and comparable biocompatibility with hDPSCs. SNS may have both hemostatic and antimicrobial properties if used as pulpal medicaments.

目的：含氧美唑啉或苯肾上腺素的拟交感鼻溶液（SNS）可直接应用于牙髓组织，通过激活支配小动脉平滑肌的α受体来启动止血。本研究的目的是评估这些SNS与人牙髓干细胞（hDPSCs）的生物相容性，以及杀死深部龋相关病原体牙齿罗氏菌（rosia dentocariosa）的能力。材料与方法：采用Kirby-Bauer圆盘扩散敏感性试验评价SNS在琼脂平板上对齿状核裂菌生长的抑制区（ZOI）。非处方（OTC） SNS含有0.025%和0.05% oxymetazoline （NS-OXY-kids, NS-OXY-original）和1% phenylephrine (NS-PHE)，以及在这些鼻溶液中发现的成分：0.025%,0.05% oxymetazoline；0.0125%， 0.025%苯扎氯铵；0.2%， 1%苯肾上腺素（PHE）。第二项抑菌肉汤抑制试验考察了对牙齿藻浮游生长的影响。将hDPSC分别暴露于NS-OXY-kids、NS-PHE和1% PHE的纯复合溶液中10分钟，用resazurin （alamarBlue）对hDPSC进行24小时恢复生物相容性测定。结果：NS-OXY-kids、NS-OXY-original、NS-PHE和0.025% BKC对齿状轮虫均有杀菌作用，平均ZOI为（16.33±2.22[平均±SD] mm）。NS-PHE与ns - oxy患儿（14.67±1.033 mm）差异虽小但有统计学意义（17.83±3.189 mm）；结论：NS-PHE和NS-OXY（无论是原始的还是儿童的）对齿状核裂菌都具有抗菌活性，并且与hdpsc具有相当的生物相容性。如果用作牙髓药物，SNS可能同时具有止血和抗菌特性。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical Outcomes of Titanium Mesh for Alveolar Bone Augmentation: An Umbrella Review 钛网用于牙槽骨增强的临床效果：综述。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70250

Ethan Ng, Nikos Donos, Mohammad Adib Jaafar, John Rong Hao Tay, Nikos Mardas

Objectives

To critically evaluate the evidence derived from systematic reviews for titanium mesh as a bone augmentation method for alveolar ridge deficiencies.

Materials and Methods

Five databases were searched for systematic reviews describing any interventions to increase the dimensions of the alveolar ridge using titanium mesh. Included reviews had to report on the primary outcome of vertical and/or horizontal bone gain after augmentation with titanium mesh. The methodological quality of the systematic reviews was assessed with the AMSTAR 2 tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated with GRADE.

Results

Eight systematic reviews were identified, including two with meta-analysis. Of the 51 index studies included in the reviews, 20 were RCTs. The weighted mean reported vertical bone gain was 4.05 mm, and horizontal gain was 3.96 mm. However, overlap of primary studies across included reviews limits the precision of these estimates. When stratified by review quality, the single high-quality review showed lower vertical and horizontal bone gain compared to the weighted mean. The average mesh exposure rate was 25%, although bone regeneration was usually still sufficient for implant placement.

Conclusions

Titanium mesh can be effective for bone regeneration but carries a notable risk of site exposure. When choosing the technique for bone augmentation, clinicians should balance achieving optimal bone regeneration with minimal complications to enhance patient care and surgical outcomes.

目的：对钛网作为牙槽嵴缺损骨增强方法的系统评价得出的证据进行批判性评价。材料和方法：我们检索了5个数据库，以系统回顾描述任何使用钛网增加牙槽嵴尺寸的干预措施。纳入的综述必须报告钛网增强后垂直和/或水平骨增加的主要结果。用AMSTAR 2工具评估系统评价的方法学质量，用GRADE评估证据的确定性。结果：确定了8个系统评价，包括2个荟萃分析。在纳入综述的51项指标研究中，有20项为随机对照试验。垂直骨增重的加权平均值为4.05 mm，水平骨增重为3.96 mm。然而，在纳入的综述中，主要研究的重叠限制了这些估计的准确性。当按评价质量分层时，单一高质量评价显示，与加权平均值相比，垂直和水平骨增重较低。平均网片暴露率为25%，尽管骨再生通常仍足以用于种植体放置。结论：钛网可有效修复骨缺损，但有暴露部位的危险。在选择骨增强技术时，临床医生应平衡实现最佳骨再生和最小的并发症，以提高患者护理和手术效果。

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引用次数: 0

A Retrospective Study of Replacement Resorption and Its Risk Factors After Replantation of Avulsed Young Permanent Teeth 游离恒牙再植后替代吸收及其危险因素的回顾性研究。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70254

Gong Min, Qi Jianyan, Cai Chenxing, Gao Suyu

Objective

A retrospective study was conducted on 30 cases of replacement resorption after replantation of avulsed young permanent teeth with clinical observation period of more than 2 years, to provide reference for clinical treatment and prevention.

Methods

A retrospective study was carried out on 30 cases replacement resorption after replantation of avulsed young permanent teeth with replacement resorption. The clinical and imaging data during posttraumatic follow-up were recorded and analyzed, including trauma age, gender, traumatic tooth position, root development stage, time of tooth separation, storage media, fixed time, and clinical examination.

Results

Among the 30 cases, the fastest replacement resorption occurred in the first month after trauma (1 case), and the slowest occurred in the 24th month (1 case). The incidence of replacement resorption was 26.7% at month 3, 70% at month 6, 90% at month 9, and 96.7% at month 12. Fifteen patients showed progressive ankylosis, the degree of ankylosis gradually increased. Analysis and screening of risk factors found that the extraoral time was statistically significant.

Conclusion

The study shows that the longer the time in vitro, the more likely progressive tooth sinking will occur, resulting in tooth loss. Therefore, it is more important to popularize the emergency treatment of mean avulsion. How to correctly deal with prolapse teeth, how to optimize the emergency trauma channel, reduce the occurrence of delayed replantation, and prolong the life of replantation teeth will be the focus of the future work of pediatric stomatologists.

目的：回顾性分析30例临床观察期2年以上的年轻恒牙脱位再植后置换吸收情况，为临床治疗和预防提供参考。方法：对30例脱臼恒牙再植后的置换吸收进行回顾性研究。记录并分析创伤后随访期间的临床及影像学资料，包括创伤年龄、性别、创伤牙位置、牙根发育阶段、牙分离时间、保存介质、固定时间、临床检查等。结果：30例患者中，外伤后1个月置换吸收最快（1例），24个月置换吸收最慢（1例）。第3个月的替代吸收发生率为26.7%，第6个月为70%，第9个月为90%，第12个月为96.7%。15例患者表现进行性强直，强直程度逐渐加重。分析和筛查危险因素发现，口外时间有统计学意义。结论：研究表明，离体时间越长，牙齿越容易发生进行性下沉，导致牙齿脱落。因此，普及普通撕脱伤的急救治疗显得尤为重要。如何正确处理脱垂牙，优化急诊创伤通道，减少延迟再植的发生，延长再植牙的寿命，将是今后儿科口腔医生工作的重点。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Impact of Peri-Implantitis Processes on Interleukin Profiles in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid 种植体周围炎突对种植体周围沟液白介素分布影响的研究。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70252

Kristina Volchykhina, Olesya Manukhina, Ika Dewi Ana, Natalia Beshchasna, Serhii Pavlov, Oleg Mishchenko

Objectives

This study aimed to verify the methodology for investigation of interleukin (IL) concentrations in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and to assess their correlation with clinical parameters, particularly bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD).

Material and Methods

PICF was collected from 60 peri-implantitis patients and 25 healthy volunteers to analyze IL levels in both groups. Sampling was conducted using sterile dental brushes, which were placed in the peri-implant crevice for up to 10 s. The brushes were then stored in Eppendorf tubes containing 1 mL of phosphate-buffered saline and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min. Samples were frozen at −80°C (193,15 K) for preservation. IL concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).

Results

The study found significantly elevated levels of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10 in PI patients compared to healthy controls. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between BOP and IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10, while PPD showed no significant relationship with IL levels. Among these, IL-10 had the greatest influence on BOP, highlighting its dual role in reducing excessive inflammation and sustaining chronic immune responses through immune tolerance.

Conclusions

The present study demonstrated that IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in PICF are closely associated with the severity of peri-implant inflammation. Among these cytokines, IL-10 showed the strongest relationship with BOP, indicating its important role in the modulation of local immune activity. IL-6 was also positively correlated with inflammatory severity, reflecting its involvement in sustaining the destructive processes within peri-implant tissues. Overall, the obtained data suggest that IL-6 and IL-10 may serve as useful indicators of ongoing inflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. However, their prognostic or diagnostic utility requires confirmation in longitudinal studies assessing temporal cytokine changes and treatment outcomes.

目的：本研究旨在验证研究种植体周围沟液（PICF）中白细胞介素（IL）浓度的方法，并评估其与临床参数的相关性，特别是探查出血（BOP）和探查口袋深度（PPD）。材料与方法：收集60例种植体周围炎患者和25例健康志愿者的PICF，分析两组IL水平。使用无菌牙刷进行取样，将牙刷放置在种植体周围的缝隙中长达10 s。然后将毛刷储存在含有1ml磷酸盐缓冲盐水的埃彭多夫管中，以3000 rpm离心15分钟。样品在-80°C （193,15 K）下冷冻保存。采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定IL浓度。结果：研究发现，与健康对照组相比，PI患者IL-1α、IL-6、IL-4和IL-10水平显著升高。相关性分析显示，BOP与IL-1α、IL-6、IL-10有较强的相关性，而PPD与IL水平无显著相关性。其中IL-10对BOP的影响最大，突出了其减少过度炎症和通过免疫耐受维持慢性免疫反应的双重作用。结论：本研究表明PICF中IL-1α、IL-6和IL-10水平与种植体周围炎症的严重程度密切相关。在这些细胞因子中，IL-10与BOP的关系最强，表明其在局部免疫活性的调节中起重要作用。IL-6也与炎症严重程度呈正相关，反映了其参与维持种植体周围组织的破坏过程。总的来说，获得的数据表明，IL-6和IL-10可能是种植体周围炎持续炎症活动的有用指标。然而，它们的预后或诊断效用需要在评估时间细胞因子变化和治疗结果的纵向研究中得到证实。

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引用次数: 0

In Vitro Effect of Using Endo-Activator on Pushout Bond Strength of Radicular Dentin to Prefabricated Fiber Post in Using Natural Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors 天然基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂对根状牙本质与预制纤维桩的外推结合强度的影响

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70255

Nadia Elyassi Gorji, Homayoun Alaghemand, Faraneh Mokhtarpour, Elham Mahmodnia

Objectives

This study assessed the effect of using Endo-Activator on pushout bond strength (PBS) of radicular dentin to prefabricated fiber post in using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and aloe vera natural matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors.

Materials and Methods

This in vitro study was conducted on 120 extracted teeth in 2 groups with/without using Endo-Activator for root canal irrigation, each with 3 subgroups of LuxaBond primer (I) alone, (II) with aloe vera, and (III) with EGCG. After root canal treatment and post space preparation, radicular dentin was etched, the respective primer was rubbed on radicular dentin, and fiber posts were cemented using LuxaBond dual-cure adhesive and LuxaCore Z dual-cure cement. Each tooth was horizontally sectioned at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds, and the PBS of fiber post to dentin was measured immediately and after 6 months. Failure mode was determined under a stereomicroscope (×80).

Results

Irrigation with Endo-Activator improved both the immediate and 6-month PBS in all sections (p < 0.05). The highest immediate PBS was recorded in the coronal third in the aloe vera subgroups with no significant difference between use/no use of Endo-Activator (p > 0.05). At 6 months, aloe vera yielded the highest PBS in the coronal third, with significantly higher values in use of Endo-Activator (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Irrigation with Endo-Activator along with the application of EGCG and aloe vera significantly improved the PBS of fiber post to radicular dentin and its durability; this effect was greater in the cervical third in the aloe vera subgroups both immediately and after 6 months.

目的研究在表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）和芦荟天然基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）抑制剂的情况下，Endo-Activator对牙本质根状根与预制纤维桩的推出结合强度（PBS）的影响。材料与方法本实验以120颗拔牙为实验对象，分为两组，分别用LuxaBond引物(I)单独、（II）用芦荟、（III）用EGCG进行根管灌洗。根管治疗和根管间隙准备完成后，对根状牙本质进行蚀刻，分别在根状牙本质上摩擦底物，用LuxaBond双固化胶粘剂和LuxaCore Z双固化胶粘剂粘合纤维桩。每颗牙在冠、中、尖三分之一处水平切片，即刻和6个月后测量纤维桩与牙本质的PBS。在体视显微镜下测定失效模式（×80）。结果Endo-Activator灌洗可改善各切片即刻和6个月PBS （p < 0.05）。在芦荟亚组中，冠状三分之一处的即时PBS最高，使用/未使用内切活化剂之间无显著差异（p > 0.05）。在6个月时，芦荟在冠状三分之一处产生最高的PBS，使用endodo - activator的值显着更高（p < 0.05）。结论内激活剂灌洗配合EGCG和芦荟的应用，可显著提高纤维桩对根状牙本质的PBS性和耐久性；在芦荟亚组中，立即和6个月后，这种效果在宫颈三分之一中更大。

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引用次数: 0

Pyrophosphate Regulates Multilineage Differentiation in Stem Cells From Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth 焦磷酸盐调控人脱落乳牙干细胞的多系分化。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70248

Ravipha Suwittayarak, Nunthawan Nowwarote, Chatvadee Kornsuthisopon, Waleerat Sukarawan, Brian L. Foster, Hiroshi Egusa, Thanaphum Osathanon

Background

To explore the cellular behavior of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in response to inorganic pyrophosphate (PP_i).

Materials and Methods

SHED cells were isolated from the dental pulp tissues of human primary exfoliated teeth. Cell proliferation was examined using the MTT assay, colony-forming unit assay, and cell cycle analysis. Cell migration was evaluated using the scratch assay. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by the expression of osteogenic marker genes and in vitro mineral deposition. Oil Red O staining was employed to determine intracellular lipid accumulation under adipogenic differentiation. For osteoclast differentiation, TRAP staining was used. The global gene expression profile was examined by RNA sequencing analysis.

Results

PP_i reduced early cell apoptosis and enhanced cell migration. PP_i inhibited mineral deposition dose-dependently and significantly reduced DSPP and BGLAP expression. The higher dose of 10 μM PP_i decreased RANKL mRNA expression, while it did not influence OPG mRNA levels, resulting in the reduction of the RANKL/OPG expression ratio. Culture medium from PP_i-treated SHED reduced the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. Further, PP_i inhibited CEBPA but not PPARG and LPL mRNA expression under adipogenic induction. The intracellular lipid accumulation tended to decrease in PP_i-treated conditions (10 μM). The transcriptomic profiles illustrated that PP_i potentially modulated several pathways, including the metabolism of lipids, interleukin-6, TGF-β1, and NOTCH signaling.

Conclusion

PP_i inhibited osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic and indirectly attenuated osteoclast differentiation by SHED. This study implicated that PP_i can modulate the cellular responses of SHED.

背景：探讨人脱落乳牙（SHED）干细胞对无机焦磷酸盐（PPi）的细胞行为。材料和方法：从人初级脱落牙的牙髓组织中分离出SHED细胞。使用MTT试验、集落形成单位试验和细胞周期分析检测细胞增殖。用划痕法评估细胞迁移。成骨分化通过成骨标记基因的表达和体外矿物沉积来评估。油红O染色测定成脂分化过程中细胞内脂质积累情况。对于破骨细胞分化，使用TRAP染色。通过RNA测序分析检测全局基因表达谱。结果：PPi减少了早期细胞凋亡，增强了细胞迁移。PPi抑制矿物质沉积呈剂量依赖性，显著降低DSPP和BGLAP的表达。高剂量10 μM PPi降低RANKL mRNA表达，而对OPG mRNA水平无影响，导致RANKL/OPG表达比降低。经ppi处理的SHED培养基减少了trap阳性多核细胞的数量。此外，在脂肪诱导下，PPi抑制CEBPA的表达，但不抑制PPARG和LPL mRNA的表达。在ppi处理条件下（10 μM），细胞内脂质积累趋于减少。转录组学分析表明，PPi可能调节多种途径，包括脂质代谢、白细胞介素-6、TGF-β1和NOTCH信号。结论：PPi抑制成骨/牙源性、脂肪源性，间接减弱破骨细胞分化。本研究提示PPi可以调节SHED的细胞反应。

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引用次数: 0

In Vitro Evidence for Oral Soft Tissue Regenerative Effects of a Polynucleotide–Hyaluronan Formulation 多核苷酸-透明质酸制剂口腔软组织再生作用的体外证据。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70253

Ina Mladenova, Xiaoqing Song, Cristina Nica, Anton Sculean, Maria B. Asparuhova

Objectives

We aimed to investigate the effects of a polynucleotide–hyaluronan (PN–HA) formulation on human palatal fibroblasts (HPFs) and oral epithelial cells (OKF6/TERT-2) to assess its potential application in oral soft tissue reconstructive procedures.

Material and Methods

The impact of PN–HA on cell viability, migration, and proliferation was assessed using functional assays. Gene expression of wound healing-related growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and keratinization markers was evaluated by qRT-PCR, while protein expression and kinase signaling were analyzed via immunofluorescence and immunoblotting.

Results

PN–HA preserved cell viability and significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced migration of both HPFs and OKF6/TERT-2 compared to untreated control cells. While it significantly (p < 0.01) increased proliferation in HPFs, no direct proliferative effect was observed in OKF6/TERT-2 monocultures. In HPFs, PN–HA upregulated TGFB1, PDGFB, and FGF2 genes encoding the respective pro-migratory/pro-proliferative growth factors, whereas TGFB3 and EGF were selectively induced in OKF6/TERT-2. PN–HA markedly increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and activated p38 MAPK signaling in epithelial cells, alongside ERK1/2 activation and moderate increase in adenosine A2A receptor expression in both cell types. A pronounced upregulation of keratinocyte differentiation markers was observed at both mRNA and protein levels. Notably, in epithelial-fibroblast cocultures, PN–HA significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced epithelial proliferation, likely mediated by increased FGF7 and HGF expression in fibroblasts.

Conclusions

PN–HA promotes oral fibroblast migration and proliferation, induces epithelial differentiation, and stimulates epithelial proliferation in coculture with fibroblasts. The observed cell- and context-specific effects highlight the potential of PN–HA to support soft tissue regeneration and keratinization in periodontal reconstructive surgeries.

目的：我们旨在研究多核苷酸透明质酸（PN-HA）制剂对人腭成纤维细胞（hpf）和口腔上皮细胞（OKF6/TERT-2）的影响，以评估其在口腔软组织重建手术中的潜在应用。材料和方法：通过功能测定评估PN-HA对细胞活力、迁移和增殖的影响。qRT-PCR检测创面愈合相关生长因子、炎症因子、角化标志物的基因表达，免疫荧光和免疫印迹检测蛋白表达和激酶信号。结论：PN-HA能促进口腔成纤维细胞的迁移和增殖，诱导上皮分化，促进成纤维细胞的增殖。观察到的细胞和环境特异性效应强调了PN-HA在牙周重建手术中支持软组织再生和角化的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Implant Treatment After Traumatic Tooth Loss: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Survival, Esthetic, and Patient-Reported Outcome 外伤性牙齿脱落后种植体治疗：一项生存、美学和患者报告结果的回顾性队列研究。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70221

Frej Nørgaard Petersen, Morten Dahl, Mandana Hosseini, Simon Storgård Jensen

Objective

Evidence on biological, technical, and esthetic outcomes following dental implant treatment in the anterior maxilla after traumatic tooth loss is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the survival, esthetic, and patient-reported outcome measures of implant treatment in the anterior maxilla after up to 9 years of functional loading.

Material and Methods

The study was conducted at Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark. Patients who underwent implant treatment for anterior maxillary tooth loss due to trauma between 2007 and 2019, with at least 1 year of functional loading, were recalled for clinical and radiographic follow-up.

Results

In total, 56 implants in 49 patients were included. The mean follow-up period was 4.2 years (range 1–9.5 years). Implant and superstructure survival rates were 100%. Between baseline and the latest follow-up, there was no statistically significant change in radiographic crestal bone level, but a statistically significant improvement in papilla index. Although not significant, soft tissue texture appeared to improve, while slight soft tissue discoloration was observed in most patients, but remained unchanged from baseline to follow-up. Crown esthetics generally declined from baseline to follow-up, although not significantly. Correlation analysis indicated an association between esthetic outcomes and several variables, such as age, gender, number of lost teeth, type of bone defect, and complications before loading. In total, 14% of implants exhibited crown infraposition at follow-up. No predictive factors for crown infraposition could be identified. Patient-reported outcome measures generally revealed satisfaction with the treatment results.

Conclusions

The present study found that the biological, technical, and esthetic outcomes of dental implant treatment in the anterior maxilla following traumatic tooth loss are, in general, stable and satisfactory to both clinician and patient. To achieve optimal results in these complex cases, interdisciplinary treatment planning is essential.

目的：关于外伤性牙齿脱落后上颌前牙种植治疗的生物学、技术和美学结果的证据有限。因此，本研究旨在评估上颌骨前种植体治疗在长达9年的功能负荷后的生存、美学和患者报告的结果。材料和方法：本研究在丹麦哥本哈根大学医院进行。回顾2007年至2019年期间因创伤导致上颌前牙缺失而接受种植治疗且至少有1年功能负荷的患者，进行临床和影像学随访。结果：49例患者共植入56颗种植体。平均随访时间4.2年（1-9.5年）。种植体和上部结构成活率均为100%。在基线和最新随访期间，胸片嵴骨水平无统计学意义的变化，但乳头指数有统计学意义的改善。虽然不显著，但软组织质地似乎有所改善，而大多数患者观察到轻微的软组织变色，但从基线到随访保持不变。从基线到随访，冠体美观总体下降，尽管不明显。相关分析表明，美观结果与几个变量相关，如年龄、性别、脱落牙数、骨缺损类型和装填前并发症。在随访中，总共有14%的种植体出现冠错位。没有预测冠不稳的因素。患者报告的结果测量通常显示对治疗结果的满意度。结论：本研究发现，创伤性牙缺失后上颌前牙种植治疗的生物学、技术和美学结果总体上是稳定的，对临床医生和患者都是满意的。为了在这些复杂的病例中取得最佳结果，跨学科的治疗计划是必不可少的。

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引用次数: 0

Rehabilitation of the Atrophic Edentulous Maxilla: A Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing Survival of Delayed-Loaded Implants in Grafted Bone Versus Immediately Loaded Implants in Native Bone 萎缩性无牙上颌的康复：一项回顾性队列研究，比较移植骨中延迟加载种植体与原生骨中立即加载种植体的存活率。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70167

Evelina Haroyan-Darbinyan, Qiman Gao, Pablo de Lillo, Jesús Torres, Samer Abi-Nader, Daniel Nach, Faleh Tamimi

Objectives

This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the survival rate of implants placed in grafted edentulous maxillary arches following a delayed loading protocol versus a graftless approach with an immediate loading protocol.

Materials and Methods

Eighty seven patients with atrophic edentulous maxillae were included in two groups: Group-1 (GG group, n = 155 implants): 26 patients that underwent maxillary bone grafting before treatment with axially placed delayed loading implants and provided with a fixed full-arch prostheses; Group-2 (GL group; n = 244 implants): 61 patients who received axial and tilted implants without bone augmentation followed by an immediately loaded fixed full-arch prostheses. Patients were followed up for up to 10 years. Kaplan–Meier and Mantel–Cox analyses were performed to determine implant survival rates, and a Cox hazards model was run to assess the influence of patient, implant, and prosthesis-based covariates.

Results

There were no significant differences in implant failure rates between the two treatment groups (p = 0.298). Five implant failures were observed in Group-1 (GG group) and four failures were observed in Group-2 (GL group) (N = 9). Survival rate was 96.8% and 98.4% in the GG and GL groups, respectively. No significant association between patient and implant-based covariates and implant failure was observed in both groups; however, a significant association was observed regarding the nature of the opposing arch (p = 0.019).

Conclusion

Immediately loaded implants placed in maxillary native bone show statistically similar survival rates compared to implants placed in grafted bone following a delayed loading. The nature of the opposing arch may negatively influence the survival rate of dental implants.

Clinical Significance

For atrophic edentulous maxillae, both grafted and graftless approach may represent a viable treatment modality in the long term.

目的：本回顾性队列研究旨在评估延迟加载方案与即刻加载方案的无骨入路在无牙上颌弓中放置种植体的存活率。材料与方法：将87例萎缩性无牙上颌患者分为两组：1组（GG组，155颗种植体）：26例患者在治疗前行上颌植骨术，采用轴向放置延迟负荷种植体，固定全弓种植体；第2组（GL组，244个种植体）：61例患者接受轴向种植体和倾斜种植体，不进行骨增强，然后立即加载固定全弓假体。对患者进行了长达10年的随访。采用Kaplan-Meier和Mantel-Cox分析来确定种植体存活率，并采用Cox风险模型来评估患者、种植体和基于假体的协变量的影响。结果：两组种植体失败率差异无统计学意义（p = 0.298）。1组（GG组）种植失败5例，2组（GL组）种植失败4例（N = 9）。GG组和GL组的生存率分别为96.8%和98.4%。在两组中均未观察到患者和基于种植体的协变量与种植体失败之间的显著关联；然而，在对侧弓的性质方面观察到显著的关联（p = 0.019）。结论：即刻加载的种植体与延迟加载的种植体相比，在上颌原生骨中放置的种植体具有统计学上相似的存活率。相反牙弓的性质可能会对种植体的成活率产生负面影响。临床意义：对于萎缩性无牙上颌，植牙和不植牙都可能是一种长期可行的治疗方式。

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引用次数: 0

Periodontitis and Tooth Loss Are Associated With Higher Risks of Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Umbrella Meta-Analysis 牙周炎和牙齿脱落与认知障碍的高风险相关：一项系统的综合meta分析。

IF 2.2 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70240

Balen Hamid Qadir, Mohammed Khalid Mahmood, Yad Mariwan Mohammed Amin, Handren Ameer Kurda, Tara Ali Rasheed, Ahmed Hama Noori, Zana Fuad Noori, Mohammed Aso Abdulghafor, Hevi Nihad Mohammed Fadhil, Mohammed Taib Fatih, Delphine Tardivo, Herve Tassery, Romain Lan

Objective

Periodontal disease (PD) and cognitive disorders (CDs) are common in older people, and these variables appear to be linked. The aim of this article was to assess this association using an umbrella meta-analysis.

Methods

PubMed and MEDLINE were searched for records until June 2025. The groups were compared using odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR).

Results

A total of 20 meta-analyses were included. Individuals with PD and its consequences had higher chances of having/developing all-type CDs: periodontitis (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.37–1.97, p = < 0.0001), tooth loss (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.32–1.71, p = < 0.0001). The risk was much higher for patients with severe periodontitis: (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 2.26–3.20, p = < 0.0001). Pooled analysis for cohort studies was (RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.20–1.32, p = < 0.0001).

Conclusion

PD is associated with CDs with low to moderate certainty of evidence measured by GRADE.

目的：牙周病（PD）和认知障碍（cd）在老年人中很常见，这些变量似乎是相关的。本文的目的是通过综合meta分析来评估这种关联。方法：检索PubMed和MEDLINE至2025年6月的文献。采用比值比（OR）和相对危险度（RR）对两组进行比较。结果：共纳入20项meta分析。患有PD及其后果的个体有更高的机会患有/发展所有类型的cd：牙周炎(OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.37-1.97, p =结论：PD与cd相关，GRADE测量的证据确定性为低至中等。

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引用次数: 0