Clinical and Experimental Dental Research最新文献

Objectives

This study aimed to compare the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized with Curcumin (Curcuma longa L.) or Açai (Euterpe oleracea) versus a commercial treatment and photobiomodulation in rat palatal wounds.

Methods

In vitro cell viability tests assessed nanoparticle toxicity. The animals were initially anesthetized, and circular lesions were created in the palatine mucosa using a 4 mm/diameter punch. The first treatment session commenced 24 h after the injury and continued daily for 5 days. Twenty-four hours after the final treatment, the animals were euthanized, and the palatal mucosa tissue was collected for histological and biochemical analyses.

Results

AgNPs-Cur significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidant markers, increased anti-inflammatory cytokines, the wound contraction rate, and the collagen area, and reduced the inflammatory infiltrate compared to the controls.

Conclusion

The therapies effectively aided inflammation resolution and accelerated tissue repair. This study highlights potential cost-effective and efficient alternatives for oral and palatal mucosa wound healing, improving upon standard commercial treatments.

Objective

To explore the mechanism by which hsa_circ_0005325 affects the proliferation, apoptosis, colony formation, migration, and angiogenesis-promoting behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells through the miR-433-3p/HMGA2 axis.

Material and Methods

qRT‒PCR was used to measure the expression of hsa_circ_0005325 in SCC25 and CAL-27 cells and normal human oral epithelial cells (HOK). SCC25 and CAL-27 cells were cultured, and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), cell apoptosis, plate colony formation, Transwell migration and a tube formation assays were used to detect changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis, colony formation, migration and angiogenesis, respectively.

Results

The expression of hsa_circ_0005325 was significantly increased in SCC25 and CAL-27 cells. Compared with those in the sh-NC group, the percentages of apoptotic SCC25 and CAL-27 cells in the sh-circ_0005325 group were significantly greater, and their proliferation, colony formation, migration and angiogenesis capacities were significantly lower (p < 0.05). Moreover, the protein expression level of HMGA2 was significantly decreased, and the expression level of miR-433-3p was significantly increased in the sh-circ_0005325 group versus the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Hsa_circ_0005325 is highly expressed in SCC25 and CAL-27 cells. Downregulation of hsa_circ_0005325 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of SCC25 and CAL-27 cells and promote their apoptosis.

Objectives

Effects of treatment under general anesthesia versus several sessions of at-office treatment on the transition of caries prevalence from primary to permanent dentitions have not been assessed. Moreover, other gaps exist in the literature.

Material and Methods

This 4-group non-randomized clinical trial was performed on 280 children 8–10 years old in 4 groups, including both negative and positive controls: children with a history of caries in primary teeth who were (1) treated routinely in office (n = 60) versus (2) under general anesthesia versus (n = 110) (3) similar children undergoing no treatment versus (positive control, n = 60) (4) children without a history of primary teeth caries (negative caries, n = 50). A clinical assessment was performed to assess dmft (caries and restoration statuses of primary teeth), OHI-S (oral hygiene), and ICDAS indexes (caries and restoration statuses of permanent molars). Data were analyzed (α = 0.05).

Results

There were significant, positive correlations among dmft, caries component of ICDAS, and OHI-S (p-values = 0.000). The dmft scores were significantly different across 4 groups (Kruskal–Wallis p = 0.000), with children treated under general anesthesia followed by in-office treatment and no-treatment positive control group having the highest dmft scores (all Bonferroni-adjusted p-values ≤ 0.013). The ICDAS-caries of the general anesthesia group was significantly greater than the negative control, but also significantly smaller than both positive control and in-office treatment group (all Bonferroni-adjusted p-values ≤ 0.009). Groups were different in terms of OHI-S (Kruskal–Wallis p = 0.000); hygiene was the worst in positive-control and in-office groups, followed by the anesthesia group and the negative control.

Conclusions

Although children who underwent treatment with general anesthesia had the worst dmft scores, treatment under general anesthesia considerably reduced caries of their permanent first molars (as indicated by ICDAS scores) and oral hygiene (as indicated by OHI-S) compared to children who were treated routinely in the office. Primary tooth caries might be a decisive predictor of permanent molar caries formation.

Objectives

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa, genetic and molecular alterations, including mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene, have been implicated in OLP pathogenesis. However, its molecular mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study investigates p53 gene mutations in OLP lesions.

Material and Methods

This study analyzed 43 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from OLP patients. Diagnosis was confirmed by two pathologists. Genomic DNA was extracted using a commercial kit, with quality and quantity assessed by spectrophotometry and agarose gel electrophoresis. PCR-sequencing was performed on exons 5–8 and part of the adjacent introns of the p53 gene. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, with Fisher's exact test and t-test applied to assess relationships between p53 mutations and clinical parameters; significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The study included 43 OLP cases (mean age 51.7  ±  13.3 years; 65.1% female). Lesions were most frequently located on the buccal mucosa (65.1%), followed by the tongue (20.9%), gingiva (19.3%), and mandible (4.7%). DNA sequencing identified 13 nucleotide changes in the p53 gene in 9 samples (20.9%), distributed across exons 5–7 and intronic regions at codons 140, 171, 185, 213, and 246, as well as at IVS4: +8(C/G), IVS7: −11(A/C), and IVS4: −18(A/T). Mutations included equal proportions of missense and silent changes, as well as transitions and transversions. Adenine mutations were most common (53.8%), followed by cytosine mutations (30.8%). No statistically significant associations were found between p53 mutations and patient gender, age, or anatomical site of sampling.

Conclusions

The study identified p53 gene mutations in 21% of oral lichen planus (OLP) cases, with no demographic or pathological correlations. While highlighting p53's complex role and potential as a biomarker, limited sample size necessitates larger, multi-center studies to clarify genetic/environmental influences on OLP pathogenesis and mutation predisposition.

Objectives

The aim of this study is to evaluate the buccal bone thickness and root length of the maxillary incisors in deep bite patients.

Material and Methods

Cone beam computed tomography data of 124 patients were randomly selected in this cross-sectional study. In the study, patients were divided into two groups, normal bite and deep bite, and buccal bone thickness and root length of the maxillary incisors were measured. Buccal bone thickness was measured at 4 mm apical to the cemento–enamel junction and at the midpoint of the root.

Results

By comparing these factors between the two groups of normal and deep bite, only the difference in the buccal bone thickness at the midpoint of the root of the central incisor between these two groups was statistically significant. Also, by comparing these factors between male and female patients, the root length of the central and lateral incisors and the buccal bone thickness in the mid root of the central incisor were significantly more in Men.

Conclusion

A significant disparity in the buccal bone thickness at the mid-root level of central incisors between normal bite and deep overbite patients was revealed.

Objective

This study aimed to conduct a comparative evaluation of the shear bond strength of etch and rinse (Single Bond 2), two-step self-etch (Clearfil SE) and one-step self-etch (Go Bond SDI and G-Premio Bond) bonding agents applied to primary teeth, using a universal testing machine.

Material and Methods

The sample was divided into four groups: Group A incorporated Single Bond 2, Group B constituted Clearfil SE, Group C constituted Go Bond SDI, and Group D constituted G-Premio Bond. In each group, 14 out of the total 56 primary canine teeth were considered. Composite restoration was performed using the identified bonding agents on the exposed dentin. A universal testing device was used to evaluate the shear bond strength of the samples. An ANOVA test was used to statistically analyze the obtained data.

Results

By using Kruskal–Wallis test, and determining 0.0080 as the level of significance, shear bond strength with mean standard deviation (SD) was 44.76 ± 32.49 MPa, 92.87 ± 48.63 MPa, 18.55 ± 14.08 MPa, and 22.65 ± 7.74 for Single Bond 2, Clearfil SE, Go Bond SDI, and G-Premio Bond, respectively. Maximum shear bond strength was found in the two-step self-etch bonding agent.

Conclusion

Since dentin is involved in most of pediatric caries, especially in rampant caries, providing an appropriate bond has a great impact on a successful restoration treatment. Considering our results, two-step self-etch bonding agent (Clearfil SE bond) demonstrated superior shear bond strength in dentin of anterior primary teeth, over Single Bond 2, Go Bond SDI, and G-Premio bonds. To establish a correlation among various factors affecting bond efficacy, further in vitro and clinical investigations are necessary.

Objectives

To assess the efficacy of the modified coronally advanced tunnel technique (MCAT) with a porcine dermal matrix (PDM) after a 12-month follow-up. There are no other Clinical trials evaluating a PDM over the period of 12 months.

Material and Methods

Patients with recession type (RT) 1 and RT 2 gingival recessions were treated with the MCAT and a novel PDM. Plaster casts (preoperative and 12 months postoperative) were scanned using a 3Shape Lab Scanner E3. The resulting STL files were imported and superimposed in the open-source software GOM Inspect for analysis. Measurements included recession depth, mean root and total root coverage (mRC and cRC), mean recession reduction (mRR), and gingival thickness. Statistical analysis was performed using mixed linear models.

Results

A total of 77 teeth (19 patients) were included in the study. Healing was uneventful in all patients. The mean preoperative recession depth was 1.26 mm ± 0.86 mm. mRC was 69.47% ± 61.90%, cRC was 29.79%, mRR was 0.87 ± 0.83 mm, and gingival thickness gain was 0.23 ± 0.24 mm, with comparable results for RT 1 and RT 2. Neither tooth type nor jaw type had any effect on root coverage.

Conclusions

The modified coronally advanced tunnel technique in combination with the analyzed porcine dermal matrix demonstrated stable results for root coverage and gingival thickness after 12 months of follow-up.

Trial Registration: Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien/German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS); DRKS00023201.

Objectives

The incidence of oral and oropharyngeal cancer is continually rising and affects increasingly younger patients. Consequently, many studies focus on early diagnosis using appropriate biomarkers. Neopterin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are promising predictive and prognostic markers of immune response activation, both systemic and local, due to the anatomical proximity of malignancies to the salivary glands.

Material and Methods

We collected oral fluid samples from 50 patients before and after the surgical resection of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Additionally, blood samples were withdrawn from 20 of these patients and levels of neopterin and IL-6 were estimated using ELISA commercial kits. All gathered data were subsequently statistically analyzed for evaluation and compared to values from a control group of healthy individuals.

Results

In patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), there was a significant decrease in neopterin and IL-6 levels in saliva following the surgical removal of the malignancy. These postoperative levels approached those of the control group. There was no significant decrease in neopterin and IL-6 levels in plasma.

Conclusion

Detection of neopterin and IL-6 in saliva is a reliable diagnostic method for early detection of OSCC and its recurrence, as well as for monitoring therapeutic success, compared to plasma. Neopterin and IL-6 appear to be promising prognostic and predictive markers of the disease.

Objectives

Dental implants have become a reliable solution for oral rehabilitation, but their long-term success can be compromised by factors such as mechanical overload. To ensure the mechanical durability of implants, standardized testing in accordance with the DIN EN ISO 14801 is conducted, in which titanium implants (Young's modulus of approximately 100 GPa) are embedded in brass, a material with similarly high stiffness. However, the mechanical properties of brass differ significantly from those of alveolar bone, potentially affecting test outcomes. This study examines how different embedding materials affect the mechanical behavior of dental implants, specifically microgap changes and deformation at the IAC under load.

Materials and Methods

Two conical dental implants were embedded in either methyl methacrylate-based adhesive (PMMA) or brass. A 250 N load was applied at a 45° angle to the implants. Synchrotron-based microcomputed tomography (µCT) was used to assess microgap formation and 3D deformation at the implant shoulder before and under load application. Deformation was analyzed using Avizo Fire software to estimate volumetric changes at the implant shoulder.

Results

The results showed that implants embedded in brass exhibited larger microgap changes (53 μm) and greater deformation at the implant shoulder (32 μm) compared to those embedded in PMMA (microgap: 40 μm).

Conclusion

The findings suggest that brass, with higher stiffness than PMMA or bone, does not accurately replicate the mechanical conditions of bone, leading to a difference in microgap behavior and deformation at the implant shoulder, suggesting a difference in the wear mechanism and stress-strain distribution in the surrounding bone. These results question the use of brass in mechanical implant testing and highlight the need for more realistic embedding materials to improve the predictive value of implant testing.

Background

Certain dental diseases in pediatric patients may disturb their sleep, affect their oral health-related quality of life, and result in a negative influence on cognition and behavior. On the other hand, sleep disturbances may also increase the risk or participate in development and progression of dental diseases.

Objective

This narrative review aimed to overview of the bidirectional relationship between common dental diseases and sleep disturbances, as well as the potential mechanisms behind.

Material and Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched using the keywords “dental disease,” “sleep disturbances,” and “children,” and only articles published in English were included.

Results

Evidence provided by previous studies has indicated that common dental diseases, including dental caries, temporomandibular disorders, and dentofacial deformities, induced sleep disturbances in children and adolescents. On the other hand, common sleep disturbances such as sleep disordered breathing, obstructive sleep apnea, as well as other sleep problems, including sleep bruxism and sleep profile impairments, have a strong link to oral health conditions in pediatric patients. Alteration of oral microorganism colonization, impairment in the immune system, persistent inflammation, and chronic pain have contributed to sleep disorders triggered by these dental diseases.

Conclusion

Upon identification of dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, as well as other dental problems, a checkup on a child's sleep is important, as this may subsequently affect his/her initiation, maintenance, duration, and quality of sleep. Dentists and orthodontists could play a critical role in early detection, prevention, and intervention of the dental health-related sleep disturbances.