A retrospective study was conducted on 30 cases of replacement resorption after replantation of avulsed young permanent teeth with clinical observation period of more than 2 years, to provide reference for clinical treatment and prevention.
Methods
A retrospective study was carried out on 30 cases replacement resorption after replantation of avulsed young permanent teeth with replacement resorption. The clinical and imaging data during posttraumatic follow-up were recorded and analyzed, including trauma age, gender, traumatic tooth position, root development stage, time of tooth separation, storage media, fixed time, and clinical examination.
Results
Among the 30 cases, the fastest replacement resorption occurred in the first month after trauma (1 case), and the slowest occurred in the 24th month (1 case). The incidence of replacement resorption was 26.7% at month 3, 70% at month 6, 90% at month 9, and 96.7% at month 12. Fifteen patients showed progressive ankylosis, the degree of ankylosis gradually increased. Analysis and screening of risk factors found that the extraoral time was statistically significant.
Conclusion
The study shows that the longer the time in vitro, the more likely progressive tooth sinking will occur, resulting in tooth loss. Therefore, it is more important to popularize the emergency treatment of mean avulsion. How to correctly deal with prolapse teeth, how to optimize the emergency trauma channel, reduce the occurrence of delayed replantation, and prolong the life of replantation teeth will be the focus of the future work of pediatric stomatologists.
{"title":"A Retrospective Study of Replacement Resorption and Its Risk Factors After Replantation of Avulsed Young Permanent Teeth","authors":"Gong Min, Qi Jianyan, Cai Chenxing, Gao Suyu","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70254","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study was conducted on 30 cases of replacement resorption after replantation of avulsed young permanent teeth with clinical observation period of more than 2 years, to provide reference for clinical treatment and prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study was carried out on 30 cases replacement resorption after replantation of avulsed young permanent teeth with replacement resorption. The clinical and imaging data during posttraumatic follow-up were recorded and analyzed, including trauma age, gender, traumatic tooth position, root development stage, time of tooth separation, storage media, fixed time, and clinical examination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 30 cases, the fastest replacement resorption occurred in the first month after trauma (1 case), and the slowest occurred in the 24th month (1 case). The incidence of replacement resorption was 26.7% at month 3, 70% at month 6, 90% at month 9, and 96.7% at month 12. Fifteen patients showed progressive ankylosis, the degree of ankylosis gradually increased. Analysis and screening of risk factors found that the extraoral time was statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study shows that the longer the time in vitro, the more likely progressive tooth sinking will occur, resulting in tooth loss. Therefore, it is more important to popularize the emergency treatment of mean avulsion. How to correctly deal with prolapse teeth, how to optimize the emergency trauma channel, reduce the occurrence of delayed replantation, and prolong the life of replantation teeth will be the focus of the future work of pediatric stomatologists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to verify the methodology for investigation of interleukin (IL) concentrations in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and to assess their correlation with clinical parameters, particularly bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD).
Material and Methods
PICF was collected from 60 peri-implantitis patients and 25 healthy volunteers to analyze IL levels in both groups. Sampling was conducted using sterile dental brushes, which were placed in the peri-implant crevice for up to 10 s. The brushes were then stored in Eppendorf tubes containing 1 mL of phosphate-buffered saline and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min. Samples were frozen at −80°C (193,15 K) for preservation. IL concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
Results
The study found significantly elevated levels of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10 in PI patients compared to healthy controls. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between BOP and IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10, while PPD showed no significant relationship with IL levels. Among these, IL-10 had the greatest influence on BOP, highlighting its dual role in reducing excessive inflammation and sustaining chronic immune responses through immune tolerance.
Conclusions
The present study demonstrated that IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in PICF are closely associated with the severity of peri-implant inflammation. Among these cytokines, IL-10 showed the strongest relationship with BOP, indicating its important role in the modulation of local immune activity. IL-6 was also positively correlated with inflammatory severity, reflecting its involvement in sustaining the destructive processes within peri-implant tissues. Overall, the obtained data suggest that IL-6 and IL-10 may serve as useful indicators of ongoing inflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. However, their prognostic or diagnostic utility requires confirmation in longitudinal studies assessing temporal cytokine changes and treatment outcomes.
{"title":"Investigation of the Impact of Peri-Implantitis Processes on Interleukin Profiles in Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid","authors":"Kristina Volchykhina, Olesya Manukhina, Ika Dewi Ana, Natalia Beshchasna, Serhii Pavlov, Oleg Mishchenko","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70252","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to verify the methodology for investigation of interleukin (IL) concentrations in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and to assess their correlation with clinical parameters, particularly bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PICF was collected from 60 peri-implantitis patients and 25 healthy volunteers to analyze IL levels in both groups. Sampling was conducted using sterile dental brushes, which were placed in the peri-implant crevice for up to 10 s. The brushes were then stored in Eppendorf tubes containing 1 mL of phosphate-buffered saline and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min. Samples were frozen at −80°C (193,15 K) for preservation. IL concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study found significantly elevated levels of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10 in PI patients compared to healthy controls. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between BOP and IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10, while PPD showed no significant relationship with IL levels. Among these, IL-10 had the greatest influence on BOP, highlighting its dual role in reducing excessive inflammation and sustaining chronic immune responses through immune tolerance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study demonstrated that IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in PICF are closely associated with the severity of peri-implant inflammation. Among these cytokines, IL-10 showed the strongest relationship with BOP, indicating its important role in the modulation of local immune activity. IL-6 was also positively correlated with inflammatory severity, reflecting its involvement in sustaining the destructive processes within peri-implant tissues. Overall, the obtained data suggest that IL-6 and IL-10 may serve as useful indicators of ongoing inflammatory activity in peri-implantitis. However, their prognostic or diagnostic utility requires confirmation in longitudinal studies assessing temporal cytokine changes and treatment outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12669803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145653833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study assessed the effect of using Endo-Activator on pushout bond strength (PBS) of radicular dentin to prefabricated fiber post in using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and aloe vera natural matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors.
Materials and Methods
This in vitro study was conducted on 120 extracted teeth in 2 groups with/without using Endo-Activator for root canal irrigation, each with 3 subgroups of LuxaBond primer (I) alone, (II) with aloe vera, and (III) with EGCG. After root canal treatment and post space preparation, radicular dentin was etched, the respective primer was rubbed on radicular dentin, and fiber posts were cemented using LuxaBond dual-cure adhesive and LuxaCore Z dual-cure cement. Each tooth was horizontally sectioned at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds, and the PBS of fiber post to dentin was measured immediately and after 6 months. Failure mode was determined under a stereomicroscope (×80).
Results
Irrigation with Endo-Activator improved both the immediate and 6-month PBS in all sections (p < 0.05). The highest immediate PBS was recorded in the coronal third in the aloe vera subgroups with no significant difference between use/no use of Endo-Activator (p > 0.05). At 6 months, aloe vera yielded the highest PBS in the coronal third, with significantly higher values in use of Endo-Activator (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Irrigation with Endo-Activator along with the application of EGCG and aloe vera significantly improved the PBS of fiber post to radicular dentin and its durability; this effect was greater in the cervical third in the aloe vera subgroups both immediately and after 6 months.
{"title":"In Vitro Effect of Using Endo-Activator on Pushout Bond Strength of Radicular Dentin to Prefabricated Fiber Post in Using Natural Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors","authors":"Nadia Elyassi Gorji, Homayoun Alaghemand, Faraneh Mokhtarpour, Elham Mahmodnia","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70255","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assessed the effect of using Endo-Activator on pushout bond strength (PBS) of radicular dentin to prefabricated fiber post in using epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and aloe vera natural matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This in vitro study was conducted on 120 extracted teeth in 2 groups with/without using Endo-Activator for root canal irrigation, each with 3 subgroups of LuxaBond primer (I) alone, (II) with aloe vera, and (III) with EGCG. After root canal treatment and post space preparation, radicular dentin was etched, the respective primer was rubbed on radicular dentin, and fiber posts were cemented using LuxaBond dual-cure adhesive and LuxaCore Z dual-cure cement. Each tooth was horizontally sectioned at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds, and the PBS of fiber post to dentin was measured immediately and after 6 months. Failure mode was determined under a stereomicroscope (×80).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irrigation with Endo-Activator improved both the immediate and 6-month PBS in all sections (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The highest immediate PBS was recorded in the coronal third in the aloe vera subgroups with no significant difference between use/no use of Endo-Activator (<i>p</i> > 0.05). At 6 months, aloe vera yielded the highest PBS in the coronal third, with significantly higher values in use of Endo-Activator (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irrigation with Endo-Activator along with the application of EGCG and aloe vera significantly improved the PBS of fiber post to radicular dentin and its durability; this effect was greater in the cervical third in the aloe vera subgroups both immediately and after 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ravipha Suwittayarak, Nunthawan Nowwarote, Chatvadee Kornsuthisopon, Waleerat Sukarawan, Brian L. Foster, Hiroshi Egusa, Thanaphum Osathanon
Background
To explore the cellular behavior of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in response to inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi).
Materials and Methods
SHED cells were isolated from the dental pulp tissues of human primary exfoliated teeth. Cell proliferation was examined using the MTT assay, colony-forming unit assay, and cell cycle analysis. Cell migration was evaluated using the scratch assay. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by the expression of osteogenic marker genes and in vitro mineral deposition. Oil Red O staining was employed to determine intracellular lipid accumulation under adipogenic differentiation. For osteoclast differentiation, TRAP staining was used. The global gene expression profile was examined by RNA sequencing analysis.
Results
PPi reduced early cell apoptosis and enhanced cell migration. PPi inhibited mineral deposition dose-dependently and significantly reduced DSPP and BGLAP expression. The higher dose of 10 μM PPi decreased RANKL mRNA expression, while it did not influence OPG mRNA levels, resulting in the reduction of the RANKL/OPG expression ratio. Culture medium from PPi-treated SHED reduced the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. Further, PPi inhibited CEBPA but not PPARG and LPL mRNA expression under adipogenic induction. The intracellular lipid accumulation tended to decrease in PPi-treated conditions (10 μM). The transcriptomic profiles illustrated that PPi potentially modulated several pathways, including the metabolism of lipids, interleukin-6, TGF-β1, and NOTCH signaling.
Conclusion
PPi inhibited osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic and indirectly attenuated osteoclast differentiation by SHED. This study implicated that PPi can modulate the cellular responses of SHED.
{"title":"Pyrophosphate Regulates Multilineage Differentiation in Stem Cells From Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth","authors":"Ravipha Suwittayarak, Nunthawan Nowwarote, Chatvadee Kornsuthisopon, Waleerat Sukarawan, Brian L. Foster, Hiroshi Egusa, Thanaphum Osathanon","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70248","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70248","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the cellular behavior of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in response to inorganic pyrophosphate (PP<sub>i</sub>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SHED cells were isolated from the dental pulp tissues of human primary exfoliated teeth. Cell proliferation was examined using the MTT assay, colony-forming unit assay, and cell cycle analysis. Cell migration was evaluated using the scratch assay. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by the expression of osteogenic marker genes and <i>in vitro</i> mineral deposition. Oil Red O staining was employed to determine intracellular lipid accumulation under adipogenic differentiation. For osteoclast differentiation, TRAP staining was used. The global gene expression profile was examined by RNA sequencing analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PP<sub>i</sub> reduced early cell apoptosis and enhanced cell migration. PP<sub>i</sub> inhibited mineral deposition dose-dependently and significantly reduced <i>DSPP</i> and <i>BGLAP</i> expression. The higher dose of 10 μM PP<sub>i</sub> decreased <i>RANKL</i> mRNA expression, while it did not influence <i>OPG</i> mRNA levels, resulting in the reduction of the <i>RANKL/OPG</i> expression ratio. Culture medium from PP<sub>i</sub>-treated SHED reduced the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. Further, PP<sub>i</sub> inhibited <i>CEBPA</i> but not <i>PPARG</i> and <i>LPL</i> mRNA expression under adipogenic induction. The intracellular lipid accumulation tended to decrease in PP<sub>i</sub>-treated conditions (10 μM). The transcriptomic profiles illustrated that PP<sub>i</sub> potentially modulated several pathways, including the metabolism of lipids, interleukin-6, TGF-β1, and NOTCH signaling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PP<sub>i</sub> inhibited osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic and indirectly attenuated osteoclast differentiation by SHED. This study implicated that PP<sub>i</sub> can modulate the cellular responses of SHED.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ina Mladenova, Xiaoqing Song, Cristina Nica, Anton Sculean, Maria B. Asparuhova
Objectives
We aimed to investigate the effects of a polynucleotide–hyaluronan (PN–HA) formulation on human palatal fibroblasts (HPFs) and oral epithelial cells (OKF6/TERT-2) to assess its potential application in oral soft tissue reconstructive procedures.
Material and Methods
The impact of PN–HA on cell viability, migration, and proliferation was assessed using functional assays. Gene expression of wound healing-related growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and keratinization markers was evaluated by qRT-PCR, while protein expression and kinase signaling were analyzed via immunofluorescence and immunoblotting.
Results
PN–HA preserved cell viability and significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced migration of both HPFs and OKF6/TERT-2 compared to untreated control cells. While it significantly (p < 0.01) increased proliferation in HPFs, no direct proliferative effect was observed in OKF6/TERT-2 monocultures. In HPFs, PN–HA upregulated TGFB1, PDGFB, and FGF2 genes encoding the respective pro-migratory/pro-proliferative growth factors, whereas TGFB3 and EGF were selectively induced in OKF6/TERT-2. PN–HA markedly increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and activated p38 MAPK signaling in epithelial cells, alongside ERK1/2 activation and moderate increase in adenosine A2A receptor expression in both cell types. A pronounced upregulation of keratinocyte differentiation markers was observed at both mRNA and protein levels. Notably, in epithelial-fibroblast cocultures, PN–HA significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced epithelial proliferation, likely mediated by increased FGF7 and HGF expression in fibroblasts.
Conclusions
PN–HA promotes oral fibroblast migration and proliferation, induces epithelial differentiation, and stimulates epithelial proliferation in coculture with fibroblasts. The observed cell- and context-specific effects highlight the potential of PN–HA to support soft tissue regeneration and keratinization in periodontal reconstructive surgeries.
{"title":"In Vitro Evidence for Oral Soft Tissue Regenerative Effects of a Polynucleotide–Hyaluronan Formulation","authors":"Ina Mladenova, Xiaoqing Song, Cristina Nica, Anton Sculean, Maria B. Asparuhova","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70253","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70253","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to investigate the effects of a polynucleotide–hyaluronan (PN–HA) formulation on human palatal fibroblasts (HPFs) and oral epithelial cells (OKF6/TERT-2) to assess its potential application in oral soft tissue reconstructive procedures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of PN–HA on cell viability, migration, and proliferation was assessed using functional assays. Gene expression of wound healing-related growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and keratinization markers was evaluated by qRT-PCR, while protein expression and kinase signaling were analyzed via immunofluorescence and immunoblotting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PN–HA preserved cell viability and significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) enhanced migration of both HPFs and OKF6/TERT-2 compared to untreated control cells. While it significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01) increased proliferation in HPFs, no direct proliferative effect was observed in OKF6/TERT-2 monocultures. In HPFs, PN–HA upregulated TGFB1, PDGFB, and FGF2 genes encoding the respective pro-migratory/pro-proliferative growth factors, whereas TGFB3 and EGF were selectively induced in OKF6/TERT-2. PN–HA markedly increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and activated p38 MAPK signaling in epithelial cells, alongside ERK1/2 activation and moderate increase in adenosine A2A receptor expression in both cell types. A pronounced upregulation of keratinocyte differentiation markers was observed at both mRNA and protein levels. Notably, in epithelial-fibroblast cocultures, PN–HA significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01) enhanced epithelial proliferation, likely mediated by increased FGF7 and HGF expression in fibroblasts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PN–HA promotes oral fibroblast migration and proliferation, induces epithelial differentiation, and stimulates epithelial proliferation in coculture with fibroblasts. The observed cell- and context-specific effects highlight the potential of PN–HA to support soft tissue regeneration and keratinization in periodontal reconstructive surgeries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145548359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frej Nørgaard Petersen, Morten Dahl, Mandana Hosseini, Simon Storgård Jensen
Objective
Evidence on biological, technical, and esthetic outcomes following dental implant treatment in the anterior maxilla after traumatic tooth loss is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the survival, esthetic, and patient-reported outcome measures of implant treatment in the anterior maxilla after up to 9 years of functional loading.
Material and Methods
The study was conducted at Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark. Patients who underwent implant treatment for anterior maxillary tooth loss due to trauma between 2007 and 2019, with at least 1 year of functional loading, were recalled for clinical and radiographic follow-up.
Results
In total, 56 implants in 49 patients were included. The mean follow-up period was 4.2 years (range 1–9.5 years). Implant and superstructure survival rates were 100%. Between baseline and the latest follow-up, there was no statistically significant change in radiographic crestal bone level, but a statistically significant improvement in papilla index. Although not significant, soft tissue texture appeared to improve, while slight soft tissue discoloration was observed in most patients, but remained unchanged from baseline to follow-up. Crown esthetics generally declined from baseline to follow-up, although not significantly. Correlation analysis indicated an association between esthetic outcomes and several variables, such as age, gender, number of lost teeth, type of bone defect, and complications before loading. In total, 14% of implants exhibited crown infraposition at follow-up. No predictive factors for crown infraposition could be identified. Patient-reported outcome measures generally revealed satisfaction with the treatment results.
Conclusions
The present study found that the biological, technical, and esthetic outcomes of dental implant treatment in the anterior maxilla following traumatic tooth loss are, in general, stable and satisfactory to both clinician and patient. To achieve optimal results in these complex cases, interdisciplinary treatment planning is essential.
{"title":"Implant Treatment After Traumatic Tooth Loss: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Survival, Esthetic, and Patient-Reported Outcome","authors":"Frej Nørgaard Petersen, Morten Dahl, Mandana Hosseini, Simon Storgård Jensen","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70221","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evidence on biological, technical, and esthetic outcomes following dental implant treatment in the anterior maxilla after traumatic tooth loss is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the survival, esthetic, and patient-reported outcome measures of implant treatment in the anterior maxilla after up to 9 years of functional loading.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study was conducted at Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark. Patients who underwent implant treatment for anterior maxillary tooth loss due to trauma between 2007 and 2019, with at least 1 year of functional loading, were recalled for clinical and radiographic follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 56 implants in 49 patients were included. The mean follow-up period was 4.2 years (range 1–9.5 years). Implant and superstructure survival rates were 100%. Between baseline and the latest follow-up, there was no statistically significant change in radiographic crestal bone level, but a statistically significant improvement in papilla index. Although not significant, soft tissue texture appeared to improve, while slight soft tissue discoloration was observed in most patients, but remained unchanged from baseline to follow-up. Crown esthetics generally declined from baseline to follow-up, although not significantly. Correlation analysis indicated an association between esthetic outcomes and several variables, such as age, gender, number of lost teeth, type of bone defect, and complications before loading. In total, 14% of implants exhibited crown infraposition at follow-up. No predictive factors for crown infraposition could be identified. Patient-reported outcome measures generally revealed satisfaction with the treatment results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study found that the biological, technical, and esthetic outcomes of dental implant treatment in the anterior maxilla following traumatic tooth loss are, in general, stable and satisfactory to both clinician and patient. To achieve optimal results in these complex cases, interdisciplinary treatment planning is essential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12626377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145548402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evelina Haroyan-Darbinyan, Qiman Gao, Pablo de Lillo, Jesús Torres, Samer Abi-Nader, Daniel Nach, Faleh Tamimi
Objectives
This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the survival rate of implants placed in grafted edentulous maxillary arches following a delayed loading protocol versus a graftless approach with an immediate loading protocol.
Materials and Methods
Eighty seven patients with atrophic edentulous maxillae were included in two groups: Group-1 (GG group, n = 155 implants): 26 patients that underwent maxillary bone grafting before treatment with axially placed delayed loading implants and provided with a fixed full-arch prostheses; Group-2 (GL group; n = 244 implants): 61 patients who received axial and tilted implants without bone augmentation followed by an immediately loaded fixed full-arch prostheses. Patients were followed up for up to 10 years. Kaplan–Meier and Mantel–Cox analyses were performed to determine implant survival rates, and a Cox hazards model was run to assess the influence of patient, implant, and prosthesis-based covariates.
Results
There were no significant differences in implant failure rates between the two treatment groups (p = 0.298). Five implant failures were observed in Group-1 (GG group) and four failures were observed in Group-2 (GL group) (N = 9). Survival rate was 96.8% and 98.4% in the GG and GL groups, respectively. No significant association between patient and implant-based covariates and implant failure was observed in both groups; however, a significant association was observed regarding the nature of the opposing arch (p = 0.019).
Conclusion
Immediately loaded implants placed in maxillary native bone show statistically similar survival rates compared to implants placed in grafted bone following a delayed loading. The nature of the opposing arch may negatively influence the survival rate of dental implants.
Clinical Significance
For atrophic edentulous maxillae, both grafted and graftless approach may represent a viable treatment modality in the long term.
{"title":"Rehabilitation of the Atrophic Edentulous Maxilla: A Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing Survival of Delayed-Loaded Implants in Grafted Bone Versus Immediately Loaded Implants in Native Bone","authors":"Evelina Haroyan-Darbinyan, Qiman Gao, Pablo de Lillo, Jesús Torres, Samer Abi-Nader, Daniel Nach, Faleh Tamimi","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70167","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the survival rate of implants placed in grafted edentulous maxillary arches following a delayed loading protocol versus a graftless approach with an immediate loading protocol.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty seven patients with atrophic edentulous maxillae were included in two groups: Group-1 (GG group, <i>n</i> = 155 implants): 26 patients that underwent maxillary bone grafting before treatment with axially placed delayed loading implants and provided with a fixed full-arch prostheses; Group-2 (GL group; <i>n</i> = 244 implants): 61 patients who received axial and tilted implants without bone augmentation followed by an immediately loaded fixed full-arch prostheses. Patients were followed up for up to 10 years. Kaplan–Meier and Mantel–Cox analyses were performed to determine implant survival rates, and a Cox hazards model was run to assess the influence of patient, implant, and prosthesis-based covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were no significant differences in implant failure rates between the two treatment groups (p = 0.298). Five implant failures were observed in Group-1 (GG group) and four failures were observed in Group-2 (GL group) (<i>N</i> = 9). Survival rate was 96.8% and 98.4% in the GG and GL groups, respectively. No significant association between patient and implant-based covariates and implant failure was observed in both groups; however, a significant association was observed regarding the nature of the opposing arch (p = 0.019).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immediately loaded implants placed in maxillary native bone show statistically similar survival rates compared to implants placed in grafted bone following a delayed loading. The nature of the opposing arch may negatively influence the survival rate of dental implants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For atrophic edentulous maxillae, both grafted and graftless approach may represent a viable treatment modality in the long term.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145548354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Balen Hamid Qadir, Mohammed Khalid Mahmood, Yad Mariwan Mohammed Amin, Handren Ameer Kurda, Tara Ali Rasheed, Ahmed Hama Noori, Zana Fuad Noori, Mohammed Aso Abdulghafor, Hevi Nihad Mohammed Fadhil, Mohammed Taib Fatih, Delphine Tardivo, Herve Tassery, Romain Lan
Objective
Periodontal disease (PD) and cognitive disorders (CDs) are common in older people, and these variables appear to be linked. The aim of this article was to assess this association using an umbrella meta-analysis.
Methods
PubMed and MEDLINE were searched for records until June 2025. The groups were compared using odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR).
Results
A total of 20 meta-analyses were included. Individuals with PD and its consequences had higher chances of having/developing all-type CDs: periodontitis (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.37–1.97, p = < 0.0001), tooth loss (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.32–1.71, p = < 0.0001). The risk was much higher for patients with severe periodontitis: (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 2.26–3.20, p = < 0.0001). Pooled analysis for cohort studies was (RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.20–1.32, p = < 0.0001).
Conclusion
PD is associated with CDs with low to moderate certainty of evidence measured by GRADE.
目的：牙周病（PD）和认知障碍（cd）在老年人中很常见，这些变量似乎是相关的。本文的目的是通过综合meta分析来评估这种关联。方法：检索PubMed和MEDLINE至2025年6月的文献。采用比值比（OR）和相对危险度（RR）对两组进行比较。结果：共纳入20项meta分析。患有PD及其后果的个体有更高的机会患有/发展所有类型的cd：牙周炎(OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.37-1.97, p =结论：PD与cd相关，GRADE测量的证据确定性为低至中等。
{"title":"Periodontitis and Tooth Loss Are Associated With Higher Risks of Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Umbrella Meta-Analysis","authors":"Balen Hamid Qadir, Mohammed Khalid Mahmood, Yad Mariwan Mohammed Amin, Handren Ameer Kurda, Tara Ali Rasheed, Ahmed Hama Noori, Zana Fuad Noori, Mohammed Aso Abdulghafor, Hevi Nihad Mohammed Fadhil, Mohammed Taib Fatih, Delphine Tardivo, Herve Tassery, Romain Lan","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70240","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70240","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Periodontal disease (PD) and cognitive disorders (CDs) are common in older people, and these variables appear to be linked. The aim of this article was to assess this association using an umbrella meta-analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PubMed and MEDLINE were searched for records until June 2025. The groups were compared using odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 20 meta-analyses were included. Individuals with PD and its consequences had higher chances of having/developing all-type CDs: periodontitis (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.37–1.97, <i>p</i> = < 0.0001), tooth loss (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.32–1.71, <i>p</i> = < 0.0001). The risk was much higher for patients with severe periodontitis: (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 2.26–3.20, <i>p</i> = < 0.0001). Pooled analysis for cohort studies was (RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.20–1.32, <i>p</i> = < 0.0001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PD is associated with CDs with low to moderate certainty of evidence measured by GRADE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12606017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145494653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study assessed the impact of the method of manufacturing, surface treatment, and thickness on the stainability of zirconia after thermocycling.
Methods
Twenty 0.5 × 10 mm and 20 1 × 10 mm zirconia disks were fabricated using a milling machine. Also, 20 0.5 × 10 mm and 20 1 × 10 mm zirconia disks were fabricated using a 3D printer. After sintering, samples were subjected to one of the two surface treatments (n = 10). Eight study groups were arranged as (1) 0.5 mm printed–polished, (2) 1 mm printed–polished, (3) 0.5 mm printed–glazed, (4) 1 mm printed–glazed, (5) 0.5 mm milled–polished, (6) 1 mm milled–polished, (7) 0.5 mm milled–glazed, and (8) 1 mm milled–glazed. CIELab values were measured with a spectrophotometer before and after 10,000 thermal cycles in coffee solution. ΔE00 readings were compared with perceptibility (< 0.8) and acceptability (< 1.8) thresholds. Data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA and the Games–Howell test (α = 0.05).
Results
Although all mean ΔE00 values were below the acceptability threshold, only 1 mm printed–glazed zirconia and all milled zirconia samples, except for the 0.5 mm polished group, were below the perceptibility threshold. A significant interaction was found between the production method, surface treatment, and thickness (p = 0.002); 0.5 mm printed zirconia, either polished or glazed, and also 1 mm polished printed zirconia exhibited significantly higher ΔE00 than their milled counterparts. Moreover, glazing significantly reduced stainability in all zirconia specimens (p < 0.05). Also, 1 mm milled–polished zirconia had a lower ΔE00 value than its 0.5 mm counterpart (p = 0.038).
Conclusions
Printed zirconia had less color stability than milled zirconia. Glazing provided the lower color change for both milled and printed zirconia. Thicker milled–polished zirconia had a better color stability.
Clinical Significance
Although the color stainability of printed zirconia was more than milled zirconia, it showed clinically acceptable color change values along with the milled zirconia, regardless of the method of surface treatment and thickness.
{"title":"Stainability of Polished and Glazed Printed Monolithic Zirconia After Coffee Thermocycling","authors":"Soraya Soleimani, Elaheh Beyabanaki, Kiana Shakeri, Reza Eftekhar Ashtiani, Farhad Tabatabaian","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70246","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70246","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study assessed the impact of the method of manufacturing, surface treatment, and thickness on the stainability of zirconia after thermocycling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty 0.5 × 10 mm and 20 1 × 10 mm zirconia disks were fabricated using a milling machine. Also, 20 0.5 × 10 mm and 20 1 × 10 mm zirconia disks were fabricated using a 3D printer. After sintering, samples were subjected to one of the two surface treatments (<i>n</i> = 10). Eight study groups were arranged as (1) 0.5 mm printed–polished, (2) 1 mm printed–polished, (3) 0.5 mm printed–glazed, (4) 1 mm printed–glazed, (5) 0.5 mm milled–polished, (6) 1 mm milled–polished, (7) 0.5 mm milled–glazed, and (8) 1 mm milled–glazed. CIELab values were measured with a spectrophotometer before and after 10,000 thermal cycles in coffee solution. ΔE<sub>00</sub> readings were compared with perceptibility (< 0.8) and acceptability (< 1.8) thresholds. Data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA and the Games–Howell test (<i>α</i> = 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although all mean ΔE<sub>00</sub> values were below the acceptability threshold, only 1 mm printed–glazed zirconia and all milled zirconia samples, except for the 0.5 mm polished group, were below the perceptibility threshold. A significant interaction was found between the production method, surface treatment, and thickness (<i>p</i> = 0.002); 0.5 mm printed zirconia, either polished or glazed, and also 1 mm polished printed zirconia exhibited significantly higher ΔE<sub>00</sub> than their milled counterparts. Moreover, glazing significantly reduced stainability in all zirconia specimens (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Also, 1 mm milled–polished zirconia had a lower ΔE<sub>00</sub> value than its 0.5 mm counterpart (<i>p</i> = 0.038).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Printed zirconia had less color stability than milled zirconia. Glazing provided the lower color change for both milled and printed zirconia. Thicker milled–polished zirconia had a better color stability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the color stainability of printed zirconia was more than milled zirconia, it showed clinically acceptable color change values along with the milled zirconia, regardless of the method of surface treatment and thickness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12579721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145426688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ávila-Oliver Camila, Renato Venturelli, Dominga Ladevig, Tsakos Georgios, Watt Richard G
Objectives
This study investigated the clustering patterns of oral health-related behaviors and their relationship with sociodemographic factors in a national sample of 12- and 15-year-olds from England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
Material and Methods
Data from the Child Dental Health Survey (CDHS) 2013 were analyzed. Five individual behaviors were considered: smoking, alcohol use, tooth brushing frequency, sugar intake, and dental attendance. Explanatory variables included sex, age, and eligibility for free school meal (FSM) (as a marker of socioeconomic deprivation). Clustering patterns were assessed using counted clusters, pairwise correlation, and observed/expected ratio analysis. Logistic regression models were performed to assess the associations between behavioral clusters and sociodemographic factors.
Results
The study included 4932 young people, with 51.5% aged 15 years, 50.6% male, and 17.4% eligible for FSM. Statistical differences were found in individual behaviors: Males were more likely to report lower tooth brushing frequency (28.1% vs. 13.6% for females), while 15-year-olds were more likely to engage in smoking (28.0% vs. 6.0%) and alcohol consumption (73.5% vs. 29.2%) compared to 12-year-olds. FSM-eligible adolescents were more likely to engage in all risk behaviors, except for alcohol consumption. Seven significant behavioral clusters were identified through O/E analysis, each involving combinations of two or three risk behaviors. In the regression analysis, age was strongly associated with these clusters. For example, 15-year-olds had significantly higher odds (OR: 7.04; 95% CI: 4.85–10.22) of exhibiting the cluster involving smoking and alcohol use compared to 12-year-olds. Sex and FSM eligibility also showed significant, though weaker, associations with five of the identified behavioral patterns.
Conclusions
Detrimental oral health behavioral clusters were more commonly observed among males, 15-year-olds, and adolescents from less advantaged backgrounds.
{"title":"Clustering of Oral Health-Related Behaviors and Their Association With Sociodemographic Factors in Adolescents Living in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland","authors":"Ávila-Oliver Camila, Renato Venturelli, Dominga Ladevig, Tsakos Georgios, Watt Richard G","doi":"10.1002/cre2.70209","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cre2.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the clustering patterns of oral health-related behaviors and their relationship with sociodemographic factors in a national sample of 12- and 15-year-olds from England, Wales, and Northern Ireland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the Child Dental Health Survey (CDHS) 2013 were analyzed. Five individual behaviors were considered: smoking, alcohol use, tooth brushing frequency, sugar intake, and dental attendance. Explanatory variables included sex, age, and eligibility for free school meal (FSM) (as a marker of socioeconomic deprivation). Clustering patterns were assessed using counted clusters, pairwise correlation, and observed/expected ratio analysis. Logistic regression models were performed to assess the associations between behavioral clusters and sociodemographic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 4932 young people, with 51.5% aged 15 years, 50.6% male, and 17.4% eligible for FSM. Statistical differences were found in individual behaviors: Males were more likely to report lower tooth brushing frequency (28.1% vs. 13.6% for females), while 15-year-olds were more likely to engage in smoking (28.0% vs. 6.0%) and alcohol consumption (73.5% vs. 29.2%) compared to 12-year-olds. FSM-eligible adolescents were more likely to engage in all risk behaviors, except for alcohol consumption. Seven significant behavioral clusters were identified through O/E analysis, each involving combinations of two or three risk behaviors. In the regression analysis, age was strongly associated with these clusters. For example, 15-year-olds had significantly higher odds (OR: 7.04; 95% CI: 4.85–10.22) of exhibiting the cluster involving smoking and alcohol use compared to 12-year-olds. Sex and FSM eligibility also showed significant, though weaker, associations with five of the identified behavioral patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Detrimental oral health behavioral clusters were more commonly observed among males, 15-year-olds, and adolescents from less advantaged backgrounds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10203,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Dental Research","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cre2.70209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145400094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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