Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-014
Hafiz Qasim Ali, Osman Üçüncü
In Wastewater Stabilization Ponds (WSPs), baffle walls (BWs) have the dual benefit of reducing area requirements and increasing contaminant removal efficiency up to a certain threshold. However, this advantage is mitigated by the increased demand for construction materials, highlighting the need for optimization. Effectively optimizing WSPs to suit diverse climatic regions can substantially alleviate nationwide wastewater treatment challenges. This study focuses on optimizing WSPs across seven distinct climatic regions in Turkey. In the initial phase, a comprehensive analysis was conducted using design spreadsheets for the WSPs to determine the best configuration based on traditional methodology (TM). The results demonstrated a significant decrease in WSPs area and hydraulic retention time (RT), validating the effectiveness of BWs provision. However, this approach requires additional time and effort. Subsequently, mathematical modeling (MM) was used to further reduce the time required for the optimization process. Using the interior-point algorithm in MATLAB and the generalized reduced gradient (GRG) algorithm in MS Excel Solver, both algorithms within MM effectively decreased the WSPs area and RTby approximately 10%, while decreasing the required concrete volume by approximately 5% compared with TM. As other algorithms may yield better optimization, they can be investigated by developing specialized software for WSPs. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-014 Full Text: PDF
{"title":"Modeling and Optimizing Wastewater Stabilization Ponds for Domestic Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Hafiz Qasim Ali, Osman Üçüncü","doi":"10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-014","url":null,"abstract":"In Wastewater Stabilization Ponds (WSPs), baffle walls (BWs) have the dual benefit of reducing area requirements and increasing contaminant removal efficiency up to a certain threshold. However, this advantage is mitigated by the increased demand for construction materials, highlighting the need for optimization. Effectively optimizing WSPs to suit diverse climatic regions can substantially alleviate nationwide wastewater treatment challenges. This study focuses on optimizing WSPs across seven distinct climatic regions in Turkey. In the initial phase, a comprehensive analysis was conducted using design spreadsheets for the WSPs to determine the best configuration based on traditional methodology (TM). The results demonstrated a significant decrease in WSPs area and hydraulic retention time (RT), validating the effectiveness of BWs provision. However, this approach requires additional time and effort. Subsequently, mathematical modeling (MM) was used to further reduce the time required for the optimization process. Using the interior-point algorithm in MATLAB and the generalized reduced gradient (GRG) algorithm in MS Excel Solver, both algorithms within MM effectively decreased the WSPs area and RTby approximately 10%, while decreasing the required concrete volume by approximately 5% compared with TM. As other algorithms may yield better optimization, they can be investigated by developing specialized software for WSPs. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-014 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-01
Kazem Javan, M. Mirabi, S. A. Hamidi, Mariam Darestani, A. Altaee, John Zhou
The Ardabil Plain is pivotal in the national agricultural sector and ranks among the leading agricultural and horticultural production provinces. The primary objective of this study is to enhance environmental sustainability in this critical and vulnerable region, particularly in the face of imminent droughts and climate change. The study examines the impacts of climate change on agriculture and tourism in the area. It puts forward suggestions for implementing sustainable practices to safeguard the well-being of the local population. The results indicate a 38% reduction in precipitation, especially in the autumn season, with a possible alteration in the timing and strength of rainfall. Also, a notable decline in production volume, particularly in a specific region of the Ardabil plain, has been observed. The Ardabil Plain currently produces 284,182 tons of wheat, with 204,980 tons from irrigated crops and 79,202 tons from rain-fed crops. However, the projected future scenario indicates a decrease in total wheat production to 209,196 tons, with 160,125 tons from irrigated crops and 49,071 tons from rain-fed crops. This decline in production is expected to lead to a total net income loss of approximately -$75,389,059, with -$45,095,663 attributed to irrigated crops and -$30,293,396 to rain-fed crops. The study findings suggest that the availability of water sources in certain regions may prompt a shift in farming land from the north to the south of the plain to promote environmental sustainability. This demographic change could have significant financial and social implications for the region's growth and prosperity. Moreover, increasing temperatures in the western and northern regions pose flood risks and uncomfortable travel conditions, particularly concerning given the reliance on tourism and potential unemployment consequences. It becomes imperative to adopt sustainable practices and manage resources effectively to ensure the region's resilience and prosperity in the face of environmental challenges. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-01 Full Text: PDF
{"title":"Enhancing Environmental Sustainability in a Critical Region: Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Tourism","authors":"Kazem Javan, M. Mirabi, S. A. Hamidi, Mariam Darestani, A. Altaee, John Zhou","doi":"10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-01","url":null,"abstract":"The Ardabil Plain is pivotal in the national agricultural sector and ranks among the leading agricultural and horticultural production provinces. The primary objective of this study is to enhance environmental sustainability in this critical and vulnerable region, particularly in the face of imminent droughts and climate change. The study examines the impacts of climate change on agriculture and tourism in the area. It puts forward suggestions for implementing sustainable practices to safeguard the well-being of the local population. The results indicate a 38% reduction in precipitation, especially in the autumn season, with a possible alteration in the timing and strength of rainfall. Also, a notable decline in production volume, particularly in a specific region of the Ardabil plain, has been observed. The Ardabil Plain currently produces 284,182 tons of wheat, with 204,980 tons from irrigated crops and 79,202 tons from rain-fed crops. However, the projected future scenario indicates a decrease in total wheat production to 209,196 tons, with 160,125 tons from irrigated crops and 49,071 tons from rain-fed crops. This decline in production is expected to lead to a total net income loss of approximately -$75,389,059, with -$45,095,663 attributed to irrigated crops and -$30,293,396 to rain-fed crops. The study findings suggest that the availability of water sources in certain regions may prompt a shift in farming land from the north to the south of the plain to promote environmental sustainability. This demographic change could have significant financial and social implications for the region's growth and prosperity. Moreover, increasing temperatures in the western and northern regions pose flood risks and uncomfortable travel conditions, particularly concerning given the reliance on tourism and potential unemployment consequences. It becomes imperative to adopt sustainable practices and manage resources effectively to ensure the region's resilience and prosperity in the face of environmental challenges. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-01 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139298560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-06
Giao Thanh Nguyen, Dan Hoang Truong
The study was carried out to assess surface water quality and ecological risks in water bodies in the southern region of Vietnam. The study used monitoring data at 58 locations, which were collected in March, May, June, July, August, October, November, and December of 2022, with 11 water quality parameters (temperature, pH, DO, TSS, BOD, COD, NH4+-N, NO3--N, Fe, Pb, and Cd). Comprehensive pollution index (CPI), ecological risk level, and multivariate statistical analysis methods were utilized. The values of CPI showed that the surface water quality was mildly polluted, moderately polluted, and severely polluted, accounting for 37.93, 46.93, and 15.52%, respectively. In particular, heavy pollution was concentrated in the water bodies of the Sai Gon and Vam Co Rivers. TSS, BOD, COD, NH4+-N, and Fe had a moderate to high level of risk, while water samples contaminated with NO3--N, Pb, and Cd had a level of risk from low to safe. High levels of risk were concentrated in the water bodies of the Sai Gon River and Vam Co River, typically BOD and COD. Based on the impact level, the positions were classified into five groups, with the locations on the Sai Gon River and Vam Co River (Groups 4 and 5) being affected by various waste sources in the inner city of Ho Chi Minh City. The PCA results presented three sources, such as discharge from residential areas, soil erosion, and agriculture, that have caused water quality fluctuations and increased the impact on the water quality of water bodies. Measures to protect water resources according to environmental protection laws must be implemented soon to minimize ecological risks from water-polluting sources. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-06 Full Text: PDF
{"title":"Risks of Surface Water Pollution in Southern Vietnam","authors":"Giao Thanh Nguyen, Dan Hoang Truong","doi":"10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-06","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to assess surface water quality and ecological risks in water bodies in the southern region of Vietnam. The study used monitoring data at 58 locations, which were collected in March, May, June, July, August, October, November, and December of 2022, with 11 water quality parameters (temperature, pH, DO, TSS, BOD, COD, NH4+-N, NO3--N, Fe, Pb, and Cd). Comprehensive pollution index (CPI), ecological risk level, and multivariate statistical analysis methods were utilized. The values of CPI showed that the surface water quality was mildly polluted, moderately polluted, and severely polluted, accounting for 37.93, 46.93, and 15.52%, respectively. In particular, heavy pollution was concentrated in the water bodies of the Sai Gon and Vam Co Rivers. TSS, BOD, COD, NH4+-N, and Fe had a moderate to high level of risk, while water samples contaminated with NO3--N, Pb, and Cd had a level of risk from low to safe. High levels of risk were concentrated in the water bodies of the Sai Gon River and Vam Co River, typically BOD and COD. Based on the impact level, the positions were classified into five groups, with the locations on the Sai Gon River and Vam Co River (Groups 4 and 5) being affected by various waste sources in the inner city of Ho Chi Minh City. The PCA results presented three sources, such as discharge from residential areas, soil erosion, and agriculture, that have caused water quality fluctuations and increased the impact on the water quality of water bodies. Measures to protect water resources according to environmental protection laws must be implemented soon to minimize ecological risks from water-polluting sources. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-06 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139292824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-017
Yu. A. Sazonov, M. A. Mokhov, I. V. Gryaznova, V. Voronova, Kh. A. Tumanyan, Egor I. Konyushkov
This study aims to develop an interdisciplinary approach to solving innovative thrust vector control problems. The methodology involves the development of a working hypothesis about the ejection process when using a controlled nozzle to deflect the thrust vector (velocity vector) in any direction within a complete geometric sphere. When developing the working hypothesis, a multilateral analysis of individual facts and scientific and technical information is performed using tools in the "big data" area, assessing opportunities to apply the "Foresight" methodology for predicting the development of fluidics. The authors propose new mathematical models to describe the thrust vector in the distribution of the mass flow rate of the fluid medium between flow channels. Patents for inventions support the novelty of scientific results that reveal new opportunities for more active development of fluidics as applied to simple and complex jet systems with low and extremely high energy density in flows. The proposed methodology rests on a modern computer base and is a logical continuation and development of well-known Euler’s works. The computer simulation of multiflow jet devices mainly focuses on power engineering, production, and processing of hydrocarbons. Some results of this research work, including patented design developments and calculation methods, also apply to developing robotics, unmanned vehicles, and programable jet systems. The authors attribute further development of the interdisciplinary approach for solving inventive problems to the use of different AI options. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-017 Full Text: PDF
{"title":"Solving Innovative Problems of Thrust Vector Control Based on Euler's Scientific Legacy","authors":"Yu. A. Sazonov, M. A. Mokhov, I. V. Gryaznova, V. Voronova, Kh. A. Tumanyan, Egor I. Konyushkov","doi":"10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-017","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to develop an interdisciplinary approach to solving innovative thrust vector control problems. The methodology involves the development of a working hypothesis about the ejection process when using a controlled nozzle to deflect the thrust vector (velocity vector) in any direction within a complete geometric sphere. When developing the working hypothesis, a multilateral analysis of individual facts and scientific and technical information is performed using tools in the \"big data\" area, assessing opportunities to apply the \"Foresight\" methodology for predicting the development of fluidics. The authors propose new mathematical models to describe the thrust vector in the distribution of the mass flow rate of the fluid medium between flow channels. Patents for inventions support the novelty of scientific results that reveal new opportunities for more active development of fluidics as applied to simple and complex jet systems with low and extremely high energy density in flows. The proposed methodology rests on a modern computer base and is a logical continuation and development of well-known Euler’s works. The computer simulation of multiflow jet devices mainly focuses on power engineering, production, and processing of hydrocarbons. Some results of this research work, including patented design developments and calculation methods, also apply to developing robotics, unmanned vehicles, and programable jet systems. The authors attribute further development of the interdisciplinary approach for solving inventive problems to the use of different AI options. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-017 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139293572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-011
Ali Sadiq Abbas
The water level fluctuates continuously at local, continental, and global levels. Consequently, remote sensing offers extensive data for assessing the location, extent, and variability of change, including the causes and changes that occur and the reactions and repercussions of change. Considering the significance of the water level, this research focuses on describing the methodology and process to determine the water level in the Al-Zab River. This study offers a straightforward and cost-effective approach and procedure for precisely delineating flood danger regions in the Al-Zab River basin utilizing a geographic information system and the existing database. The proposed strategy for regionally dispersing flood risks combines the size of prior flood events and the geographical distribution of their causes. This approach allows for the calculation of a weighted score for each participant's causative component. The regional distribution of the flood hazard intensity level is obtained by categorizing the spatial patterns of the flood hazard index. The 30-m digital elevation model with a high resolution was utilized to evaluate the water level in this river. Furthermore, this work is considered the first step towards enhancing information management in the studied area. This study mainly aims to explain how to outline and define watersheds using ArcGIS for flood mapping. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-011 Full Text: PDF
{"title":"Watershed Delineation from DEM by Model Builder in ArcGIS","authors":"Ali Sadiq Abbas","doi":"10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-011","url":null,"abstract":"The water level fluctuates continuously at local, continental, and global levels. Consequently, remote sensing offers extensive data for assessing the location, extent, and variability of change, including the causes and changes that occur and the reactions and repercussions of change. Considering the significance of the water level, this research focuses on describing the methodology and process to determine the water level in the Al-Zab River. This study offers a straightforward and cost-effective approach and procedure for precisely delineating flood danger regions in the Al-Zab River basin utilizing a geographic information system and the existing database. The proposed strategy for regionally dispersing flood risks combines the size of prior flood events and the geographical distribution of their causes. This approach allows for the calculation of a weighted score for each participant's causative component. The regional distribution of the flood hazard intensity level is obtained by categorizing the spatial patterns of the flood hazard index. The 30-m digital elevation model with a high resolution was utilized to evaluate the water level in this river. Furthermore, this work is considered the first step towards enhancing information management in the studied area. This study mainly aims to explain how to outline and define watersheds using ArcGIS for flood mapping. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-011 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139294450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-09
Mohammad Nadeem Akhtar, D. Malkawi, K. Bani-Hani, Abdallah I. Husein Malkawi
The excessive mining of high-quality river sand for cement sand mortar resulted in environmental impacts and ecological imbalances. The present study aims to produce sustainable mortar by combining solid waste such as desert sand, stone dust, and crumb rubber to fully replace river sand. In addition, replacing cement with silica fume helps reduce the environmental carbon footprint. The present research prepared three types of mortar mixes: natural dune sand mortar (M1), natural dune sand stone dust crumb rubber mortar (M2), and natural dune sand stone dust crumb rubber silica fume mortar (M3). The developed mortar samples were examined at ambient and elevated temperatures of 100°C, 200°C, and 300°C for 120 minutes. Furthermore, 3 cycles of 12 hours each at freezing temperature (-10° ± 2°C) and crushed ice cooling (0° to -5°C) were also tested. Results of the study showed an increment in compressive strength values in M1, M2, and M3 mortar mixes (up to 200°C). Later, an abrupt drop in the compressive strength was noticed at 300°C in all mixes M1, M2, and M3, respectively. The mix M3 combinations resist heating impacts and perform significantly better than other mixes M1 and M2. Also, M3 combinations resist the cooling effect better than M1 and M2. It can be concluded that the mortar mix M3 with desert sand, stone dust, crumb rubber, and silica fume combination is considered the best mix for both heating and cooling resistance. Hence, the developed sustainable mortar M3 combination can be utilized in all adverse weather conditions. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-09 Full Text: PDF
{"title":"Durability Assessment of Sustainable Mortar by Incorporating the Combination of Solid Wastes: An Experimental Study","authors":"Mohammad Nadeem Akhtar, D. Malkawi, K. Bani-Hani, Abdallah I. Husein Malkawi","doi":"10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-09","url":null,"abstract":"The excessive mining of high-quality river sand for cement sand mortar resulted in environmental impacts and ecological imbalances. The present study aims to produce sustainable mortar by combining solid waste such as desert sand, stone dust, and crumb rubber to fully replace river sand. In addition, replacing cement with silica fume helps reduce the environmental carbon footprint. The present research prepared three types of mortar mixes: natural dune sand mortar (M1), natural dune sand stone dust crumb rubber mortar (M2), and natural dune sand stone dust crumb rubber silica fume mortar (M3). The developed mortar samples were examined at ambient and elevated temperatures of 100°C, 200°C, and 300°C for 120 minutes. Furthermore, 3 cycles of 12 hours each at freezing temperature (-10° ± 2°C) and crushed ice cooling (0° to -5°C) were also tested. Results of the study showed an increment in compressive strength values in M1, M2, and M3 mortar mixes (up to 200°C). Later, an abrupt drop in the compressive strength was noticed at 300°C in all mixes M1, M2, and M3, respectively. The mix M3 combinations resist heating impacts and perform significantly better than other mixes M1 and M2. Also, M3 combinations resist the cooling effect better than M1 and M2. It can be concluded that the mortar mix M3 with desert sand, stone dust, crumb rubber, and silica fume combination is considered the best mix for both heating and cooling resistance. Hence, the developed sustainable mortar M3 combination can be utilized in all adverse weather conditions. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-09 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139296722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The active implementation of digital technologies in various fields, including in the construction industry, leads to the development of technological platforms to sell multiple products. The study examines the prerequisites for the formation of an organizational and technological platform for monolithic construction using pneumatic formwork, which is a set of material and labor resources and organizational and technological solutions that, through their consolidation with modern digital technologies, allow the implementation of construction projects with specified technical and economic requirements. This study aims to systematize various production and construction solutions, presenting them as a unified organizational and technological system that allows for achieving optimal criteria for construction products. Materials and methods: The factors ensuring its effectiveness were selected and systematized to form an organizational and technological platform. A complex system decomposition is presented at three levels of a hierarchical matrix using the analysis of hierarchies. The level of the stages of the life cycle of buildings and structures is taken as the basis, followed by the level of components of the areas of activity that form the platform's effective formation. At the last, lower level, some factors ensure its effective formation. The analysis of the totality of material and labor resources and organizational and technological solutions that make up the platform for constructing monolithic buildings and structures using pneumatic formwork systems was carried out. Results: For an adequate analytical description, it is proposed to use the a priori ranking method, which makes it possible to decompose the indicated factors influencing the effectiveness of the formation of an organizational and technological platform and to obtain specific criteria and alternatives inherent in the construction of monolithic buildings and structures on pneumatic formwork. The detailed development of an analytical apparatus for obtaining an integral assessment will be the subject of further research. Conclusions: The organizational and technological platform for monolithic construction using pneumatic formwork is an innovative tool for interaction between all participants in implementing such projects, aimed at successfully achieving construction design indicators in terms of time and cost and ensuring the required level of reliability and safety of the constructed facility. The novelty of the proposed approach is determined by the combined consideration of material, technological, organizational, and managerial solutions within a single platform to increase the efficiency of construction product production processes. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-010 Full Text: PDF
{"title":"Organizational and Technological Platform for Monolithic Construction Using Pneumatic Formwork","authors":"Valery Mishchenko, Azary Lapidus, Dmitry Topchiy, Dmitry Kazakov","doi":"10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2023-09-11-010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The active implementation of digital technologies in various fields, including in the construction industry, leads to the development of technological platforms to sell multiple products. The study examines the prerequisites for the formation of an organizational and technological platform for monolithic construction using pneumatic formwork, which is a set of material and labor resources and organizational and technological solutions that, through their consolidation with modern digital technologies, allow the implementation of construction projects with specified technical and economic requirements. This study aims to systematize various production and construction solutions, presenting them as a unified organizational and technological system that allows for achieving optimal criteria for construction products. Materials and methods: The factors ensuring its effectiveness were selected and systematized to form an organizational and technological platform. A complex system decomposition is presented at three levels of a hierarchical matrix using the analysis of hierarchies. The level of the stages of the life cycle of buildings and structures is taken as the basis, followed by the level of components of the areas of activity that form the platform's effective formation. At the last, lower level, some factors ensure its effective formation. The analysis of the totality of material and labor resources and organizational and technological solutions that make up the platform for constructing monolithic buildings and structures using pneumatic formwork systems was carried out. Results: For an adequate analytical description, it is proposed to use the a priori ranking method, which makes it possible to decompose the indicated factors influencing the effectiveness of the formation of an organizational and technological platform and to obtain specific criteria and alternatives inherent in the construction of monolithic buildings and structures on pneumatic formwork. The detailed development of an analytical apparatus for obtaining an integral assessment will be the subject of further research. Conclusions: The organizational and technological platform for monolithic construction using pneumatic formwork is an innovative tool for interaction between all participants in implementing such projects, aimed at successfully achieving construction design indicators in terms of time and cost and ensuring the required level of reliability and safety of the constructed facility. The novelty of the proposed approach is determined by the combined consideration of material, technological, organizational, and managerial solutions within a single platform to increase the efficiency of construction product production processes. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-11-010 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139300273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.28991/cej-sp2023-09-011
Mevlan Bixhaku, Gëzim Hoxha, Ramadan Duraku
Promoting cycling as a sustainable mode of transport necessitates understanding how individuals perceive the risks associated with bicycling based on age, gender, and riding experience. This study addresses a critical gap in the field of traffic by examining cyclists' perceptions of risk and safety on mixed-traffic roads. Despite increased interest in promoting cycling as a sustainable means of transportation, research on this topic is rare. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to existing literature on cyclist perceptions and cycling safety on roads with mixed traffic by examining the significant differences that may exist among age groups, genders, and individuals with varying riding experiences. The research focuses on roads lacking distinct bicycle paths and characterized by heterogeneous traffic streams. The study surveyed 120 cyclists on 13 roads in Pristina, the capital of Kosovo. Safety perception, measured using a Likert scale (1–5), was the dependent variable. Non-parametric methods, specifically the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, were employed to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The results revealed statistically significant differences between genders (Mann-Whitney test: U = 720; Z = -5.887, p = 0.000 < 0.05; r = -0.537), between groups with and without riding experience (Mann-Whitney test: U = 1240.5; Z = -2.59; p = 0.01; r = -0.236), and among age groups (Kruskal Wallis test: df = 4; p = 0.022 < 0.05). With Bonferroni correction, post hoc analysis using the Mann-Whitney test demonstrated significant differences (adjusted p < 0.0125) between at least two age groups. The median perception of general safety was at Likert scale 3 (average safety), while the perception of comfort was at level 2 (uncomfortable). These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers involved in urban planning, offering targeted strategies to enhance cycling safety based on age, gender, and riding experience. The findings highlight the complicated interaction of these elements and their impact on riders' safety perceptions. By understanding these dynamics, policymakers and urban planners may build targeted interventions and infrastructure upgrades to promote safer and more inclusive riding environments. This work adds to the field by shining light on the elements that influence cyclists' risk perception, eventually guiding methods for improving cycling safety and boosting the use of bicycles as a sustainable transportation choice. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2023-09-011 Full Text: PDF
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Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.28991/cej-sp2023-09-012
Yudi Pranoto, Nor Fazilah Hashim, . Tumingan, Daru Purbaningtyas
Massive infrastructure development in East Borneo has reduced the water catchment area. One of the efforts to overcome this is by implementing porous paving with superplasticizer and local materials to improve quality, overcome material scarcity, and save costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the best layer variation of porous paving using Palu and Senoni materials with variations of 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 of Senoni aggregate. In this study, the test object was made in the form of a beam with a quality of concrete planned at K300 MPa according to the compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability values tested at the ages of 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Based on the results, the variant layer of 1/4 Senoni obtained maximum compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability of 17.306 MPa, 3.984 MPa, 18.120%, and 0.216 cm/second at the age of 28 days, respectively. Thus categorized this combination as C quality. Which was included in the C quality group with an application as a pedestrian area. According to the permeability result, double-layer porous paving can accelerate water absorption on the surface to prevent waterlogging when it rains. The increasing variation of layers in double-layer porous paving affects the compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2023-09-012 Full Text: PDF
{"title":"Study on Mechanical and Durability Properties of East Borneo Double Layer Porous Concrete Paving Block","authors":"Yudi Pranoto, Nor Fazilah Hashim, . Tumingan, Daru Purbaningtyas","doi":"10.28991/cej-sp2023-09-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-sp2023-09-012","url":null,"abstract":"Massive infrastructure development in East Borneo has reduced the water catchment area. One of the efforts to overcome this is by implementing porous paving with superplasticizer and local materials to improve quality, overcome material scarcity, and save costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the best layer variation of porous paving using Palu and Senoni materials with variations of 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 of Senoni aggregate. In this study, the test object was made in the form of a beam with a quality of concrete planned at K300 MPa according to the compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability values tested at the ages of 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Based on the results, the variant layer of 1/4 Senoni obtained maximum compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability of 17.306 MPa, 3.984 MPa, 18.120%, and 0.216 cm/second at the age of 28 days, respectively. Thus categorized this combination as C quality. Which was included in the C quality group with an application as a pedestrian area. According to the permeability result, double-layer porous paving can accelerate water absorption on the surface to prevent waterlogging when it rains. The increasing variation of layers in double-layer porous paving affects the compressive strength, flexural strength, porosity, and permeability. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-SP2023-09-012 Full Text: PDF","PeriodicalId":10233,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.28991/cej-2023-09-10-01
A. Rajić, I. Lukačević, Davor Skejić, V. Ungureanu
Steel-concrete composite structures are very attractive because of their characteristics, which can be emphasised by using cold-formed steel instead of hot-rolled ones. This paper presents possible analytical approaches and a parametric finite element study of cold-formed steel-concrete composite beams in bending. Analysed beams are formed of back-to-back cold-formed steel channels and concrete slabs connected by demountable shear connectors. A solid concrete slab on a profiled metal sheet analysed. Also, the study investigates the influence of corrugated web between the back-to-back channels of different thicknesses. In the case of a corrugated web, the distance between the shear connectors is increased. Furthermore, different degrees of shear connection, shear connector quality, and their arrangements are considered. An analytical study is based on full and partial shear connection assumptions and non-linear bending resistance. It is shown that the steel channel thickness and degree of shear connection significantly influence the beam bending capacity as well as concrete slab configurations. Conversely, a discrete connection between steel elements has a minor effect. A comparison of the maximum obtained bending capacities in FE analyses is in good agreement with analytical approaches for full and partial shear connections. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-10-01 Full Text: PDF
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