Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging最新文献_第3页

Comparing the effects of voluntary and electrically induced contractions on muscle recovery and vascular function 比较随意收缩和电致收缩对肌肉恢复和血管功能的影响

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70023

Patrick M. Tomko, Edward Z. Pelka, B. Ryan Davis, Sydney F. Gallagher, John McDaniel

Introduction

While both voluntary (VOL) and electrically stimulated (ES) contractions increase blood flow, ES induces greater oxidative stress, raising the risk of exercise induced muscle damage (EIMD), which can impair vascular function, and oxygen utilization.

Purpose

We examined how ES and force-matched VOL contractions impact microvascular function and muscle oxidative capacity.

Method

Utilizing a cross-over design, 16 healthy adults performed 40 isometric knee extensions (KE) via ES and VOL contractions. The following variables were assessed at baseline, 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h postexercise: knee extensor strength and soreness, microvascular function (hyperemic response to single passive leg movement (sPLM), and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity (SMOC) of the vastus lateralis.

Result

Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was lower following ES than VOL at 24 h (324.7 ± 125.8 vs. 366.8 ± 125.6 N, p = 0.01) and 48 h (308.5 ± 124.7 vs. 379.0 ± 129.0 N, p = 0.001). Soreness (p ≤ 0.02) and muscle swelling (p ≤ 0.02) were greater after ES. Vascular function, quantified as the AUC for total hyperemic response following sPLM and measured by Doppler/ultrasound, was reduced following ES at 1 h (p = 0.01) and 24 h (p = 0.002). SMOC was more impaired after ES than VOL (p ≤ 0.03). There was a 31% decrease in oxygen recovery rate 1-h post-ES, with an additional 10% decline at 24-h and 48-h (p ≤ 0.03) compared to VOL.

Conclusion

ES seemed to elicit EIMD, resulting in reduced MVC, impaired recovery, while affecting microvascular function and oxidative capacity.

虽然自愿收缩（VOL）和电刺激收缩（ES）都会增加血流量，但ES会引起更大的氧化应激，增加运动诱导肌肉损伤（EIMD）的风险，从而损害血管功能和氧气利用。目的：研究ES和力匹配VOL收缩对微血管功能和肌肉氧化能力的影响。方法采用交叉设计，16名健康成人通过ES和VOL收缩进行40次等距膝关节伸展（KE）。在基线、运动后1小时、24小时和48小时评估以下变量：膝关节伸肌力量和酸痛、微血管功能（单次被动腿部运动充血反应（sPLM））和股外侧骨骼肌氧化能力（SMOC）。结果ES术后最大自主收缩（MVC）在24 h（324.7±125.8比366.8±125.6 N, p = 0.01）和48 h（308.5±124.7比379.0±129.0 N, p = 0.001）均低于VOL。ES术后疼痛（p≤0.02）和肌肉肿胀（p≤0.02）明显加重。血管功能，量化为sPLM后总充血反应的AUC，并通过多普勒/超声测量，在ES后1小时（p = 0.01）和24小时（p = 0.002）降低。ES组SMOC损伤程度高于VOL组（p≤0.03）。与VOL相比，ES后1 h氧恢复率下降31%，24 h和48 h氧恢复率下降10% （p≤0.03）。结论ES可能引起EIMD，导致MVC降低，恢复受损，同时影响微血管功能和氧化能力。

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引用次数: 0

Age differences and reliability of the skeletal muscle quality measurements in women and their relationship with cardiovascular risk 女性骨骼肌质量测量的年龄差异和可靠性及其与心血管风险的关系

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70021

Olavo João Frederico Ramos Junior, Vivian dos Santos Pinheiro, Thiago Silveira Alvares

Introduction

Muscle quality is well-known to decrease with aging and is a risk factor for metabolic abnormalities. However, the impact of muscle quality decline among aging women and its association with cardiovascular risk remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to compare muscular outcomes and investigate whether a correlation exists between muscle quality and cardiovascular risk factors in women. The reliability of muscle quality measurements in young and older women was also addressed.

Methods

Forty-eight participants were recruited for the study, including 24 young adults (24 ± 4 years) and 24 older women (66 ± 5 years) were submitted to the evaluation of muscle echo intensity (EI - an indicator of morphological muscle quality) using ultrasound, muscle strength, hemodynamic measurements (systolic and diastolic blood pressure), cardiovascular risk biomarkers, and cardiovascular risk tools (Framingham score and vascular age).

Results

Muscle strength and both functional and morphological muscle quality were greater (p < 0.05) in young women compared to older women. Functional muscle quality was inversely associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, while muscle EI was positively associated with fasting glucose levels. All muscle strength and muscle quality measurements demonstrated very good test-retest reliability (ICC ≥ 0.98) and low coefficients of variation (<1.5%).

Conclusion

These findings suggest that muscle strength and quality differ by age group and are associated with specific cardiovascular risk markers in women. Ultrasound-derived assessments of muscle quality appear to be highly reliable across age groups and may serve as useful tools for research on muscle health and cardiometabolic risk.

众所周知，肌肉质量随着年龄的增长而下降，是代谢异常的危险因素。然而，老年妇女肌肉质量下降的影响及其与心血管风险的关系尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在比较女性的肌肉预后，并探讨肌肉质量与心血管危险因素之间是否存在相关性。还讨论了年轻和老年妇女肌肉质量测量的可靠性。方法招募48名参与者，包括24名年轻人（24±4岁）和24名老年女性（66±5岁），通过超声、肌肉力量、血流动力学测量（收缩压和舒张压）、心血管风险生物标志物、和心血管风险工具（Framingham评分和血管年龄）。结果与老年女性相比，年轻女性的肌力、肌肉功能和形态质量均高于老年女性（p < 0.05）。功能性肌肉质量与收缩压和舒张压呈负相关，而肌肉EI与空腹血糖水平呈正相关。所有肌肉力量和肌肉质量测量结果显示非常好的重测信度（ICC≥0.98）和低变异系数（<1.5%）。结论：这些研究结果表明，肌肉力量和质量因年龄组而异，并与女性特定的心血管危险标志物相关。超声衍生的肌肉质量评估似乎在各个年龄组中都是高度可靠的，并且可以作为研究肌肉健康和心脏代谢风险的有用工具。

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引用次数: 0

DXA-based estimation of body volume in 4-compartment models: Validating and modifying the Smith-Ryan equation 四室模型中基于dxa的人体体积估计：验证和修改Smith-Ryan方程

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70022

Lee Doernte, April Spears, Michael Lane

Accurate body composition assessment is crucial for evaluating health and guiding interventions. Four-compartment (4 C) models, which separately quantify fat mass, lean body mass, bone mineral content and total body water, offer improved accuracy but usually require multiple devices. This study aimed to validate dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)–derived body volume (BV) equations—specifically those from Wilson and Smith-Ryan—against air displacement plethysmography (ADP), and to modify the Smith-Ryan equation for enhanced BV estimates in a 4 C model. Ninety healthy adults (50 females, 40 males; aged 18–66 years; BMI 18–34 kg/m²) were recruited at a single-centre facility. Participants underwent DXA scanning (GE Lunar DXA) for tissue composition, ADP (Bod Pod) for BV, and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy for total body water, with all measurements performed by trained technicians. BV was estimated using the original Wilson and Smith-Ryan equations and a regression-modified Smith-Ryan equation, and these estimates were incorporated into the 4 C model to calculate percent body fat (%BF) and fat mass (FM). All DXA-based BV estimates correlated highly with ADP (r ≥ 0.99). Although the original equations showed small, statistically significant differences in %BF and FM compared to ADP (p < 0.05), the modified Smith-Ryan equation produced BV estimates equivalent to ADP (p = 0.998). These findings suggest that calibrated DXA-derived BV equations can reliably substitute for ADP in 4 C models, enhancing the accessibility and cost-effectiveness of body composition analysis. Future research should validate these findings in more diverse populations.

准确的身体成分评估对于评估健康和指导干预措施至关重要。四室（4c）模型分别量化脂肪量、瘦体重、骨矿物质含量和全身水分，提高了准确性，但通常需要多个设备。本研究旨在验证双能x射线吸收仪（DXA）导出的体体积（BV）方程-特别是来自Wilson和Smith-Ryan的空气位移体积描记仪（ADP），并修改Smith-Ryan方程以增强4c模型中的BV估计。90名健康成年人(50名女性，40名男性；18-66岁；BMI 18-34 kg/m²)，在单中心设施招募。参与者接受了DXA扫描（GE Lunar DXA）检测组织成分，ADP （Bod Pod）检测BV，以及生物电阻抗谱检测全身水分，所有测量均由训练有素的技术人员进行。使用原始的Wilson和Smith-Ryan方程以及回归修正的Smith-Ryan方程估计BV，并将这些估计值纳入4c模型以计算体脂百分比（%BF）和脂肪质量（FM）。所有基于dxa的BV估计值与ADP高度相关（r≥0.99）。虽然原始方程显示BF %和FM %与ADP相比有统计学上的显著差异（p < 0.05），但修改Smith-Ryan方程得出的BV估计值与ADP相当（p = 0.998）。这些结果表明，校正后的dxa导出的BV方程可以可靠地替代4c模型中的ADP，从而提高了体成分分析的可及性和成本效益。未来的研究应该在更多样化的人群中验证这些发现。

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引用次数: 0

The value of the HFA-PEFF and H2FPEF scores in determining the phenotypes and comorbidity burden in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction HFA-PEFF和H2FPEF评分在确定保留射血分数的心力衰竭的表型和合并症负担中的价值

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70019

Selda Murat, Bektas Murat, Halit Emre Yalvac, Fatih Enes Durmaz, Duygu Inan, Ahmet Celik, Yuksel Cavusoglu

Background

The HFA-PEFF and H2FPEF scores are widely used for diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, HFpEF is a heterogeneous condition with multiple phenotypes influenced by comorbidities and etiologies.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and agreement of these scoring systems across different HFpEF phenotypes and identify additional echocardiographic and clinical parameters that may improve phenotyping.

Methods

A total of 194 HFpEF patients were classified into three phenotypes: (1) common metabolic group, (2) atrial fibrillation (AF)-predominant group, and (3) hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy group. The clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics of these phenotypes were analyzed. The agreement and performance between HFA-PEFF and H2FPEF scores for phenotypes in HFpEF patients were assessed.

Results

A total of 194 HFpEF patients were included. While 92.3% of patients had a high HFA-PEFF score, only 42.8% had a high H2FPEF score. The agreement between these scoring methods was low across all phenotypes. Phenotype-specific differences were observed: interventricular septal thickness was highest in phenotype 3, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) was highest in phenotype 2, and left atrial reservoir strain (LASr) and right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain (RV-FWLS) were lowest in phenotype 2.

Conclusion

The HFA-PEFF and H2FPEF scores showed limited agreement in distinguishing HFpEF phenotypes. Additional echocardiographic parameters such as IVS thickness, SPAP, LASr, and RV-FWLS may enhance phenotypic differentiation and improve HFpEF classification. A more refined diagnostic approach incorporating these parameters could guide personalized treatment strategies.

HFA-PEFF和H2FPEF评分被广泛用于诊断保留射血分数（HFpEF）心力衰竭。然而，HFpEF是一种异质性疾病，具有多种表型，受合并症和病因的影响。本研究旨在评估这些评分系统在不同HFpEF表型中的表现和一致性，并确定可能改善表型的其他超声心动图和临床参数。方法将194例HFpEF患者分为3种表型：(1)普通代谢组，(2)心房颤动（AF）为主组，(3)高血压合并左室肥厚组。分析了这些表型的临床、实验室和超声心动图特征。评估HFA-PEFF和H2FPEF评分在HFpEF患者表型上的一致性和表现。结果共纳入194例HFpEF患者。92.3%的患者有高HFA-PEFF评分，只有42.8%的患者有高H2FPEF评分。这些评分方法之间的一致性在所有表型中都很低。表型特异性差异：表型3的室间隔厚度最高，表型2的肺动脉收缩压（SPAP）最高，表型2的左心房储层应变（LASr）和右心室自由壁纵向应变（RV-FWLS）最低。结论HFA-PEFF和H2FPEF评分在区分HFpEF表型方面一致性有限。其他超声心动图参数如IVS厚度、SPAP、LASr和RV-FWLS可能会增强表型分化并改善HFpEF的分类。结合这些参数的更精细的诊断方法可以指导个性化的治疗策略。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of gender, age and method variations on contractility in extremity lymphatic collectors using indocyanine green fluorescence lymphangiography 性别、年龄和方法变化对使用吲哚菁绿荧光淋巴管造影的四肢淋巴收集器收缩性的影响

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70017

Mads Fich Lønnee, Mads Radmer Jensen, Bryan Haddock, Lene Simonsen, Tonny Karlsmark, Jens Bülow

The objectives of this study were to examine how extremity lymphatic collector contraction frequency is influenced by gender, age, and methodological variations in indocyanine green (ICG) injection using near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging in healthy adults. Ten women (19–46 years) and eight men (18–59 years) were examined with 30-min NIRF videos recorded at different time points 0–150 min after injection of ICG. Variations in ICG volume (0.1 mL vs. 0.3 mL), -concentration (1 mg/mL vs. 2.5 mg/mL), -injection site (hand vs. foot), -route of administration (subcutaneous vs. intradermal) were applied to all subjects. The primary outcome was mean contraction frequency with maximum contraction frequency and number of visualised extremity lymphatic collectors as secondary outcomes. The median of mean contraction frequencies for females and males were 0.42 min⁻¹ (IQR 0,19 min⁻¹) and 0.25 min⁻¹ (IQR 0,15 min⁻¹), respectively (p = 0.022). The median of maximum contraction frequencies for females and males were 0.70 min⁻¹ (IQR 0,26 min⁻¹) and 0.34 min⁻¹ (IQR 0,15 min⁻¹), respectively (p = 0.015). Neither age, method variations nor imaging delay had any significant effect on contraction frequencies. Number of visualised collectors increased slightly during 150 min (p = 0.02). Mean and maximum contraction frequencies were significantly higher in women compared to men. This is a novel finding that warrants verification in future studies. Contraction frequency measured with 30-min NIRF imaging using an ICG volume as little as 0.1 mL and a concentration of 1 mg/mL is seemingly robust and readily available. This method is recommendable for perturbation studies of lymphatic collector function and pathophysiology.

本研究的目的是利用近红外荧光（NIRF）成像技术研究健康成人注射吲哚菁绿（ICG）时，性别、年龄和方法变化对下肢淋巴收集器收缩频率的影响。10名女性（19-46岁）和8名男性（18-59岁）在注射ICG后0-150分钟的不同时间点记录30分钟NIRF视频。ICG体积（0.1 mL vs. 0.3 mL）、浓度（1mg /mL vs. 2.5 mg/mL）、注射部位（手vs.脚）、给药途径（皮下vs.皮内）的变化应用于所有受试者。主要结果是平均收缩频率，最大收缩频率和可见的四肢淋巴收集器数量作为次要结果。女性和男性的平均收缩频率中位数分别为0.42 min−1 （IQR 0,19 min−1）和0.25 min−1 (IQR 0,15 min−1)（p = 0.022）。女性和男性的最大收缩频率中位数分别为0.70 min−1 （IQR 0,26 min−1）和0.34 min−1 (IQR 0,15 min−1)（p = 0.015）。年龄、方法变化和成像延迟对收缩频率均无显著影响。在150分钟内，可视化收集器的数量略有增加（p = 0.02）。女性的平均和最大宫缩频率明显高于男性。这是一个新颖的发现，值得在未来的研究中验证。使用ICG体积低至0.1 mL，浓度为1mg /mL，用30分钟NIRF成像测量收缩频率似乎是可靠的，并且容易获得。该方法适用于淋巴收集功能和病理生理的摄动研究。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of [18F]PSMA-1007 uptake variability in patients with prostate cancer 前列腺癌患者PSMA-1007摄取变异性的评价[18F]

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70016

Elin Trägårdh, Måns Larsson, David Minarik, Olof Enqvist, Lars Edenbrandt

Background

The biodistribution of PSMA-ligands is of interest in radionuclide therapy planning. We investigated the variability of [¹⁸F]PSMA-1007 uptake in organs at risk and in relation to tumour burden in prostate cancer patients.

Methods

A total of 1086 patients who underwent PSMA PET-CT for staging or recurrence of prostate cancer were included. Total lesion volume (TLV) and total lesion uptake (TLU) were calculated from manual segmentations. The mean standardized uptake value (SUV_mean) in the organs at risk kidneys, liver, parotid glands and spleen was obtained. Correlations between TLV/TLU and SUV_mean in normal tissues were calculated using Spearman rank correlation. SUV_mean in normal tissues was stratified into groups based on TLV.

Results

The median (IQR) SUV_mean of the kidneys, liver, parotid glands, and spleen was 13.1 (IQR 4.6), 11.8 (4.4), 18.6 (6.8) and 11.3 (5.8), respectively. The median TLV was 3.8 cm³ (9.7) and median TLU was 31.2 cm³ (106.3). There was no significant correlation between TLV or TLU and SUV_mean for the liver, parotid glands, or spleen, but a weak negative correlation between TLV/TLU and SUV_mean in the kidneys (r = −0.011, p = 0.0005; r = −0.09, p = 0.003). There was a tendency towards a lower SUV_mean in the kidneys and parotid glands in patients with a very high TLV.

Conclusions

There was a large uptake variability in organs at risk, which demonstrates the need for individual pretherapy dosimetry. There may be a tumour sink effect in the kidneys and parotid glands in patients with a very high TLV.

背景psma配体的生物分布在放射性核素治疗计划中具有重要意义。我们研究了前列腺癌患者危险器官中[18F]PSMA-1007摄取的变异性以及与肿瘤负荷的关系。方法对1086例经PSMA PET-CT检查前列腺癌分期或复发的患者进行分析。通过人工分割计算病灶总体积（TLV）和病灶总摄取（TLU）。获得危险器官肾脏、肝脏、腮腺和脾脏的平均标准化摄取值（SUVmean）。采用Spearman秩相关计算正常组织TLV/TLU与SUVmean的相关性。正常组织的SUVmean按TLV分层。结果肾脏、肝脏、腮腺和脾脏的中位（IQR） SUVmean分别为13.1 （IQR 4.6）、11.8（4.4）、18.6（6.8）和11.3（5.8）。中位TLV为3.8 cm3(9.7)，中位TLU为31.2 cm3（106.3）。肝脏、腮腺和脾脏的TLV或TLU与SUVmean无显著相关，但肾脏的TLV/TLU与SUVmean呈弱负相关(r = - 0.011, p = 0.0005；R =−0.09,p = 0.003)。高TLV患者的肾脏和腮腺有较低的SUVmean的趋势。结论：在危险器官中有很大的摄取变异性，这表明有必要进行个体化治疗前剂量测定。高TLV患者的肾脏和腮腺可能存在肿瘤沉降效应。

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引用次数: 0

Author's reply to ‘considerations for fasting and dehydration effects on pupillary light reflex: A commentary on Adam et al.’ 作者对“禁食和脱水对瞳孔光反射影响的考虑：对Adam等人的评论”的答复。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70018

Mehmet Adam, Ali Osman Gündoğan, Ali Tezcan, Refik Oltulu, Selman Belviranlı, Enver Mirza, Mehmet Okka

引用次数: 0

Ventilation/perfusion SPECT in children: Feasibility, impact on clinical decision-making and interrater agreement 儿童通气/灌注SPECT：可行性、对临床决策的影响及专家共识

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70012

Lise Borgwardt, Mette Louise Mørk, Henrik Gutte, Anne Kiil Berthelsen, Robin de Nijs, Ronan M. G. Berg, Jann Mortensen

Introduction

It remains to be established whether it provides any clinical or diagnostic benefits to perform ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy as a single photon emission computed tomography in children. Here, we report our experience with this modality, evaluate its impact on clinical decision-making and assess its interrater agreement.

Methods

All V/Q scintigraphies performed in children over a 1-year period were identified, and patient files were reviewed. Two nuclear medicine physicians, blinded to patient data and each other's readings, interpreted all scintigraphies.

Results

A total of 20 planar and SPECT V/Q scintigraphies were identified. In 17/20 cases (85%), the results of the scan were found to directly inform clinical decision-making. SPECT mainly ruled out the presence of ventilation and perfusion defects that were suspected on planar scintigraphy. In terms of interrater agreement, Cohen's ϰ coefficients for planar ventilation and perfusion scintigraphy were 0.34 and 0.38 (fair agreement), respectively, while the corresponding values for SPECT were 0.42 and 0.61 (moderate to substantial agreement).

Conclusion

It is both feasible and clinically meaningful to perform V/Q SPECT in children. In this patient group, V/Q SPECT furthermore seems to have better interrater agreement than planar scintigraphy.

在儿童中进行通气/灌注（V/Q）闪烁成像作为单光子发射计算机断层扫描是否提供任何临床或诊断益处仍有待确定。在这里，我们报告了我们使用这种模式的经验，评估了其对临床决策的影响，并评估了其相互之间的协议。方法对1年以上儿童进行的所有V/Q扫描进行识别，并查阅患者档案。两名核医学医生，对病人的数据和彼此的读数一无所知，解释了所有的闪烁图。结果共鉴定出20个平面和SPECT V/Q闪烁图。在17/20例（85%）的病例中，扫描结果可以直接指导临床决策。SPECT主要排除了平面显像所怀疑的通气和灌注缺陷的存在。在一致性方面，平面通气显像和灌注显像的Cohen’s通告系数分别为0.34和0.38（基本一致），SPECT显像的相应系数分别为0.42和0.61（中等至基本一致）。结论对儿童进行V/Q SPECT是可行的，具有一定的临床意义。在该患者组中，V/Q SPECT似乎比平面显像具有更好的相互一致性。

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引用次数: 0

Prior beetroot juice ingestion prevents the temporal reduction of endothelial function following acute high-intensity resistance exercise 事先摄入甜菜根汁可防止急性高强度阻力运动后内皮功能的暂时性降低

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70014

Takuma Morishima, Sahiro Mizuno, Gaku Murakami, Rikako Yamazaki, Eisuke Ochi

Backgrounds

Nutritional strategies for preventing endothelial function impairment following high-intensity resistance exercise remain largely unknown. Considering that beetroot juice (BRJ) ingestion enhances nitric oxide levels, we aimed to evaluate whether prior BRJ ingestion would prevent endothelial function impairment following high-intensity resistance exercise.

Methods

Twelve young males underwent two experimental trials of high-intensity resistance exercise with prior: (1) placebo ingestion (PLA trial) and (2) BRJ ingestion (BRJ trial). All participants ingested 140 mL of PLA or BRJ (approximately 0.0055 or 12.8 mmol of nitrate, respectively) before the high-intensity resistance exercise (leg extension). Participants performed a resistance exercise session comprising five sets of 10 repetitions at 70% of one repetition maximum. During each intervention trial, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure were continuously measured. Brachial artery diameter, velocity, and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were measured at pre-, 60 min after PLA or BRJ ingestion, and 10 and 60 min after the resistance exercise.

Results

No differences in systolic blood pressure, shear rate, blood flow, and vascular conductance in response to resistance exercise were noted between the trials (p > 0.05). However, at post-10 min after the resistance exercise, the BRJ trial exhibited a greater brachial artery FMD than the PLA trial (p < 0.05). Moreover, the BRJ trial had a significantly higher ΔFMD from pre- to the post-10–min period than the PLA trial (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

BRJ ingestion prevents endothelial function impairment immediately after a high-intensity resistance exercise.

背景：预防高强度阻力运动后内皮功能损伤的营养策略在很大程度上仍然未知。考虑到摄入甜菜根汁（BRJ）会提高一氧化氮水平，我们的目的是评估事先摄入BRJ是否会预防高强度阻力运动后的内皮功能损伤。方法12名年轻男性进行高强度抗阻运动实验，实验前分别服用安慰剂（PLA试验）和BRJ （BRJ试验）。所有参与者在高强度阻力运动（腿部伸展）前摄入140 mL PLA或BRJ（分别约为0.0055或12.8 mmol硝酸盐）。参与者进行了一项阻力运动，包括五组，每组10次重复，每次最多重复70%。在每次干预试验期间，连续测量心率（HR）和血压。在PLA或BRJ摄入前、60分钟以及阻力运动后10和60分钟测量肱动脉直径、流速和血流介导扩张（FMD）。结果两组抗阻运动后的收缩压、剪切率、血流量和血管导度无显著差异（p > 0.05）。然而，在阻力运动后10分钟，BRJ试验显示肱动脉FMD大于PLA试验（p < 0.05）。此外，BRJ试验在10分钟前至10分钟后的ΔFMD显著高于PLA试验（p < 0.05）。结论：在高强度阻力运动后立即摄入BRJ可防止内皮功能损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Absolute and relative changes in muscle thickness and muscle cross-sectional area 肌肉厚度和肌肉横截面积的绝对和相对变化

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.70013

Samuel L. Buckner, Selena L. Gonzalez, John M. Holtje, Enrique N. Moreno, Scott J. Dankel

Introduction

Changes in muscle size are often measured as a change in muscle thickness (MT) or as a change in muscle cross-sectional area (CSA). Differences in how muscles are measured is an important consideration as different absolute and relative changes in muscle size may carry different meaning.

Purpose

The purpose of the present study was to compare acute changes in MT and CSA in the rectus femoris following five sets of knee extension exercise.

Methods

Thirty-four participants visited the laboratory for one visit. Participant's dominant leg was placed into the exercise condition, and their contralateral leg was used as a non-exercise control. Ultrasound images were taken in both legs, before performing five sets of unilateral knee extension exercise in the dominant leg. Following exercise, participants had ultrasound images re-assessed. Pre and post values of MT and CSA were calculated from all images.

Results

Muscle size increased in the exercise condition when measured as MT (mean change [95% CI] = 0.404 [−0.347 to 0.460] cm, p < 0.00) or CSA (mean change [95% CI] = 0.734 [0.522−0.946] cm², p < 0.001). In relative teams, MT increased by 25.5%, and the effect size of the change was 2.49. For CSA, the relative change was 37.3% and the effect size of the change was 1.20.

Conclusions

The relative change in MT following five sets of knee extension exercise was smaller than the relative change in CSA; however, the effect was larger, suggesting that the smaller relative change may have been easier to detect.

肌肉大小的变化通常被测量为肌肉厚度（MT）的变化或肌肉横截面积（CSA）的变化。肌肉测量方式的差异是一个重要的考虑因素，因为肌肉大小的绝对和相对变化可能具有不同的含义。目的本研究的目的是比较五组膝关节伸展运动后股骨直肌MT和CSA的急性变化。方法34名受试者进行一次访视。参与者的主腿被置于运动状态，而他们的对侧腿被用作非运动对照组。在主腿进行5组单侧膝关节伸展运动前，对两条腿进行超声成像。运动后，参与者的超声图像被重新评估。从所有图像中计算MT和CSA的前后值。结果在运动条件下，以MT（平均变化[95% CI] = 0.404[−0.347 ~ 0.460]cm, p < 0.00）或CSA（平均变化[95% CI] = 0.734 [0.522 ~ 0.946] cm2, p < 0.001）测量肌肉大小增加。在相对团队中，MT增加了25.5%，变化的效应量为2.49。CSA的相对变化为37.3%，变化的效应量为1.20。结论5组膝关节伸展运动后MT的相对变化小于CSA的相对变化；然而，影响更大，这表明较小的相对变化可能更容易被发现。

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