Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging最新文献_第7页

Impact of structural factors around the accessory nerve on the pathogenesis of essential neck and upper-back stiffness: a sonographic investigation 附属神经周围的结构性因素对颈部和上背部僵硬症发病机制的影响：超声波研究。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12917

Shohei Shibasaki, Tomonori Kishino, Yoriko Sei, Keiichiro Harashima, Konomi Sakata, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Takashi Watanabe

Introduction

Neck and upper-back stiffness involves discomfort/ache in the trapezius muscle (TM). The pathogenesis of ‘essential neck and upper-back stiffness’ without obvious causes remains uncertain. In symptomatic subjects, TM hardness correlates with decreased transverse cervical artery (TCA) blood flow to the TM. Neck and upper-back stiffness could be associated with both hemodynamic and neurological factors affecting the TM. We therefore sonographically evaluated structural factors around the accessory nerve innervating the TM impacting neck and upper-back stiffness.

Methods

Participants comprised 69 healthy young adults (33 men, 36 women; 21 ± 1 y) who completed questionnaires and underwent elastography to determine TM hardness as a strain ratio and pulsed Doppler sonography to determine TCA hemodynamics. Intermuscular length was measured as the distance between sternocleidomastoid and levator scapulae muscles around the accessory nerve. Relationships of intermuscular length with symptoms, TM hardness, and TCA hemodynamics were analyzed.

Results

Intermuscular length was greater in symptomatic subjects (median 2.3 mm, interquartile range 1.5–3.1 mm) than in asymptomatic subjects (median 1.8 mm, interquartile range 1.5–2.3 mm; p = 0.032). Intermuscular length correlated positively with symptom severity (r = 0.43, p = 0.014) and negatively with strain ratio for the TM (r = −0.39, p = 0.025) and peak systolic velocity in the TCA (r = −0.40, p = 0.022). Intermuscular length contributed independently to the presence of symptoms (p = 0.025, odds ratio 2.26, 95% confidence interval 1.11–4.62).

Conclusion

In symptomatic subjects, symptom severity, TM hardness and TCA hemodynamics all correlated with greater intermuscular length. Structures around the accessory nerve could be associated with the pathogenesis of essential neck and upper-back stiffness.

简介颈部和上背部僵硬包括斜方肌（TM）不适/疼痛。无明显诱因的 "本质颈部和上背部僵硬 "的发病机制仍不明确。在有症状的受试者中，斜方肌的硬度与流向斜方肌的颈横动脉（TCA）血流量减少有关。颈部和上背部僵硬可能与影响 TM 的血液动力学和神经学因素有关。因此，我们对支配颞下颌关节的附属神经周围影响颈部和上背部僵硬的结构因素进行了声学评估：受试者包括 69 名健康的年轻人（33 名男性，36 名女性；21 ± 1 岁），他们填写了调查问卷，并接受了弹性成像检查以确定 TM 硬度（应变比）和脉冲多普勒超声检查以确定 TCA 血流动力学。肌间长度根据胸锁乳突肌和肩胛提肌在附属神经周围的距离进行测量。分析了肌间长度与症状、TM硬度和TCA血液动力学的关系：有症状受试者的肌间长度（中位数为 2.3 毫米，四分位数间距为 1.5-3.1 毫米）大于无症状受试者（中位数为 1.8 毫米，四分位数间距为 1.5-2.3 毫米；P = 0.032）。肌间长度与症状严重程度呈正相关（r = 0.43，p = 0.014），与 TM 应变比（r = -0.39，p = 0.025）和 TCA 收缩峰值速度（r = -0.40，p = 0.022）呈负相关。肌间长度对出现症状有独立影响（p = 0.025，几率比 2.26，95% 置信区间 1.11-4.62）：结论：在有症状的受试者中，症状严重程度、TM硬度和TCA血流动力学均与肌间长度相关。附属神经周围的结构可能与本质性颈部和上背部僵硬的发病机制有关。

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引用次数: 0

Skin tissue dielectric constant: Time of day and skin depth dependence 皮肤组织介电常数：与时间和皮肤深度有关。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12916

Harvey N. Mayrovitz

Background

Skin water measurements are used to investigate skin physiology, clinically study dermatological issues, and for conditions like diabetes, oedema, and lymphedema with measurements done at various times of day (TOD). One method used is skin's tissue dielectric constant (TDC), often clinically measured to a single depth of 2.5 mm. This report characterizes intraday variations measured to multiple depths to guide expected TOD and depth dependence.

Materials and Methods

Twelve medical students self-measured TDC on their forearm to depths of 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 5.0 mm every 2 h from 08:00 to 24:00 h on 2 consecutive days. All were trained in the procedure.

Results

TDC declined slightly from morning through evening, mostly at 0.5 mm for which TDC was reduced by 4%. TDC values were not related to participants' whole-body fat or water percentages. The TDC decrease was less at 1.5 mm where the reduction was 2.7%. At depths of 2.5 or 5.0 mm, there was no significant decrease in TOD.

Conclusion

Skin TDC shows a minor decreasing trend with an effect greater for shallower depths. In part, the clinical relevance of the findings relates to the confidence level associated with skin water estimates, based on TDC measurements, when measured at different TOD and depths during normal clinic hours. Based on the present data the TOD change is at most 4% and insignificant for measurement depths of 2.5 mm.

背景：皮肤水分测量用于研究皮肤生理学、皮肤病临床研究以及糖尿病、水肿和淋巴水肿等疾病，测量在一天的不同时间（TOD）进行。其中一种方法是皮肤组织介电常数 (TDC)，临床上通常测量的深度为 2.5 毫米。本报告描述了在多个深度测量的日内变化，以指导预期的 TOD 和深度依赖性：12 名医科学生在连续两天的 08:00 至 24:00 期间，每隔 2 小时在前臂上自行测量一次 TDC，深度分别为 0.5、1.5、2.5 和 5.0 毫米。所有人都接受了相关培训：从早到晚，TDC 都略有下降，主要是在 0.5 毫米处，TDC 下降了 4%。TDC 值与参与者的全身脂肪或水分百分比无关。1.5 毫米处的 TDC 下降幅度较小，仅为 2.7%。结论：结论：皮肤 TDC 呈轻微下降趋势，深度越浅影响越大。在一定程度上，研究结果的临床意义在于，当在正常门诊时间内测量不同的 TOD 和深度时，基于 TDC 测量的皮肤水分估计值的可信度。根据目前的数据，TOD 的变化最多为 4%，测量深度为 2.5 毫米时变化不大。

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引用次数: 0

Utility of fat-free adipose tissue correction formula for tracking body composition changes with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry 用双能 X 射线吸收测量法追踪身体成分变化的无脂脂肪组织校正公式的实用性。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12915

Sam R. Moore, Paul A. Baker, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan

Introduction

Fat loss is often the target of weight loss interventions; however, preservation of lean soft tissue (LST) may be more important for health and weight maintenance. Though some LST loss may be inevitable when tracking body composition changes using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), correcting for the fat-free component of adipose tissue (FFAT) in DXA-derived LST (DXALST) has been proposed. This analysis sought to evaluate differences between DXALST and FFAT-corrected LST (FFATLST) amongst varied populations and interventions to understand application of the correction formula on LST outcomes.

Methods

226 subjects were analyzed across five prior studies. Three studies evaluated combined nutrition and exercise (high-intensity interval training [HIIT] or high-intensity resistance training [HIRT]) interventions, including HIIT + HIRT with pre- and post-nutrient timing (HIITRT), HIIT + essential amino acids (HIITAA), and HIRT + protein (HIRTPRO). Remaining studies evaluated HIIT (HIITOW) and protein following bariatric surgery (BARPRO). Pre and post total body DXA scans were used to measure DXALST, body mass, and fat mass (FM). The correction formula was applied to calculate FFATLST. Paired sample t-tests were used to evaluate differences between DXALST and FFATLST change scores (Δ) across all subjects, within each study and intervention.

Results

Significant differences between ΔDXALST and ΔFFATLST were observed for BARPRO (mean difference [MD; ΔDXALST–ΔFFATLST] ± standard error [SE]: −3.5 ± 1.2 kg, p < 0.001), as well as HIRTPRO (−0.1 ± 0.2 kg, p = 0.004).

Discussion

When evaluating LST, the FFAT correction may be specifically applicable to cases of significant weight loss (>10% of original weight) or body recomposition (≥2% FM loss and ≥2% LST gain).

导言：减脂通常是减肥干预措施的目标；然而，保持瘦软组织（LST）可能对健康和体重维持更为重要。虽然在使用双能 X 射线吸收测量法（DXA）跟踪身体成分变化时，可能不可避免地会损失一些 LST，但有人提出在 DXA 导出的 LST（DXALST）中对脂肪组织的无脂成分（FFAT）进行校正。本分析旨在评估不同人群和干预措施中 DXALST 和经脂肪组织校正的 LST（FFATLST）之间的差异，以了解校正公式在 LST 结果中的应用。三项研究评估了营养与运动（高强度间歇训练[HIIT]或高强度阻力训练[HIRT]）相结合的干预措施，包括HIIT + HIRT与前后营养素定时（HIITRT）、HIIT + 必需氨基酸（HIITAA）和HIRT + 蛋白质（HIRTPRO）。其余研究评估了减肥手术后的 HIIT（HIITOW）和蛋白质（BARPRO）。使用全身 DXA 前后扫描来测量 DXALST、体重和脂肪量（FM）。应用校正公式计算 FFATLST。采用配对样本 t 检验来评估所有受试者、每项研究和干预措施中 DXALST 和 FFATLST 变化分数 (Δ) 之间的差异：BARPRO 的 ΔDXALST 和 ΔFFATLST 之间存在显著差异（平均差[MD；ΔDXALST-ΔFFATLST] ± 标准误差[SE]：-3.5 ± 1.2 千克，P 讨论）：在评估 LST 时，FFAT 校正可能特别适用于体重显著下降（>原体重的 10%）或身体重组（FM 下降≥2% 和 LST 增加≥2%）的病例。

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引用次数: 0

Correlation between antihypertensive drugs and cerebral hemodynamic parameters: insights from observational findings using transcranial Doppler 降压药物与脑血流动力学参数之间的相关性：经颅多普勒观察结果的启示。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12913

Michel Ferreira Machado, Henrique Cotchi Simbo Muela, Valeria Aparecida Costa-Hong, Natalia Cristina Moraes, Claudia Maia Memória, Edson Bor-Seng-Shu, Ricardo Nitrini, Luiz Aparecido Bortolotto, Ricardo de Carvalho Nogueira

Background

Antihypertensives (AHD) can influence cerebral autoregulation (CA) and attenuate hypertrophic concentric remodelling of arterioles. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between AHD, CA and structural and functional properties of cerebral arteries.

Methods

In this observational, cross-sectional study 115 volunteers were divided in group 1 (non-hypertensive) [n = 30]; group 2 (hypertensive with systolic blood pressure [SBP] < 140 and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] < 90 mmHg) [n = 54]; group 3 (hypertensive with SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg) [n = 31] and simultaneous measurements of systemic blood pressure (BP) and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (CBFV) were obtained from digital plethysmography and transcranial Doppler. Beat-to-beat, critical closing pressure (CrCP), resistance-area product (RAP) and autoregulation index (ARI) values were extracted by linear regression analysis of instantaneous BP and CBFV waveforms using computerised analysis. Pulsatility index (PI) was calculated and CO₂ reactivity was assessed by the breath-holding test.

Results

Despite their higher RAP (1.7 [±0.7], p < 0.001) compared to groups 1 and 2, uncontrolled hypertensive using diuretics (p = 0.047) and α2-agonists (p = 0.009) had significantly lower PI. Impaired CO₂ reactivity was common between the two hypertensive groups (p = 0.008), however ARI, CrCP and CBFV did not differ between them and non-hypertensive individuals and also did not correlate with any AHD used.

Conclusions

Unlike the RAP, PI does not seem to reflect the real cerebrovascular resistence resulting from chronic arterial remodelling. Despite impaired CO₂ reactivity, hypertensive have arterial tonus and CA comparable to non-hypertensive. Experimental studies involving an untreated hypertensive control group are required to robustly make definitive conclusions about these questions.

背景：抗高血压药（AHD）可影响脑的自动调节（CA）并减轻动脉血管的肥大性同心重塑。本研究的目的是探讨 AHD、CA 与脑动脉结构和功能特性之间的关联：在这项观察性横断面研究中，115 名志愿者被分为第 1 组（非高血压）[n = 30]；第 2 组（收缩压[SBP]为 2 的高血压），通过屏气试验评估其反应性：尽管两组高血压患者的 RAP（1.7 [±0.7]，p 2 反应性）较高（p = 0.008），但他们与非高血压患者的 ARI、CrCP 和 CBFV 并无差异，也与使用的任何 AHD 无关：结论：与 RAP 不同，PI 似乎不能反映慢性动脉重塑导致的真正脑血管阻力。尽管二氧化碳反应性受损，但高血压患者的动脉张力和CA与非高血压患者相当。要对这些问题做出明确的结论，需要对未经治疗的高血压对照组进行实验研究。

{"title":"Correlation between antihypertensive drugs and cerebral hemodynamic parameters: insights from observational findings using transcranial Doppler","authors":"Michel Ferreira Machado, Henrique Cotchi Simbo Muela, Valeria Aparecida Costa-Hong, Natalia Cristina Moraes, Claudia Maia Memória, Edson Bor-Seng-Shu, Ricardo Nitrini, Luiz Aparecido Bortolotto, Ricardo de Carvalho Nogueira","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12913","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12913","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antihypertensives (AHD) can influence cerebral autoregulation (CA) and attenuate hypertrophic concentric remodelling of arterioles. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between AHD, CA and structural and functional properties of cerebral arteries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this observational, cross-sectional study 115 volunteers were divided in group 1 (non-hypertensive) [<i>n</i> = 30]; group 2 (hypertensive with systolic blood pressure [SBP] < 140 and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] < 90 mmHg) [<i>n </i>= 54]; group 3 (hypertensive with SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg) [<i>n</i> = 31] and simultaneous measurements of systemic blood pressure (BP) and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (CBFV) were obtained from digital plethysmography and transcranial Doppler. Beat-to-beat, critical closing pressure (CrCP), resistance-area product (RAP) and autoregulation index (ARI) values were extracted by linear regression analysis of instantaneous BP and CBFV waveforms using computerised analysis. Pulsatility index (PI) was calculated and CO<sub>2</sub> reactivity was assessed by the breath-holding test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite their higher RAP (1.7 [±0.7], <i>p</i> < 0.001) compared to groups 1 and 2, uncontrolled hypertensive using diuretics (<i>p</i> = 0.047) and α2-agonists (<i>p</i> = 0.009) had significantly lower PI. Impaired CO<sub>2</sub> reactivity was common between the two hypertensive groups (<i>p</i> = 0.008), however ARI, CrCP and CBFV did not differ between them and non-hypertensive individuals and also did not correlate with any AHD used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unlike the RAP, PI does not seem to reflect the real cerebrovascular resistence resulting from chronic arterial remodelling. Despite impaired CO<sub>2</sub> reactivity, hypertensive have arterial tonus and CA comparable to non-hypertensive. Experimental studies involving an untreated hypertensive control group are required to robustly make definitive conclusions about these questions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Total and appendicular body composition comparisons between near-infrared reactance spectroscopy and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry 近红外反应光谱仪与双能 X 射线吸收测量法之间的身体总成分和附属成分比较。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12914

Caleb F. Brandner, Abby T. Compton, Sydney H. Swafford, Ryan S. Aultman, Anabelle Vallecillo-Bustos, Ta'Quoris A. Newsome, Megan E. Renna, Tanner Thorsen, Jon Stavres, Austin J. Graybeal

Background

Near-infrared reactance spectroscopy (NIRS) has become increasingly popular in personal and professional settings now that it has been adapted to provide comprehensive body composition assessments. However, whether NIRS agrees with criterion methods remains unknown. Thus, this study aimed to determine the agreement between NIRS and DXA-derived body composition estimates.

Methods

Ninety-seven participants completed body composition assessments using DXA, and first-generation (NIRS_G1), second-generation (NIRS_G2), and muscle-specific NIRS (NIRS_FIT) devices. On a separate day, a subset of participants (n = 63) performed maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) on a handgrip dynamometer, which were used in conjunction with total appendicular lean mass (ALM) estimates to provide ratios (MVC/total ALM or MVC/ALM of the arms only) depicting muscle quality index (MQI).

Results

Fat mass, fat-free mass, body fat %, and ALM, from NIRS_G2, but not bone mineral content (BMC), and NIRS_FIT demonstrated equivalence (using equivalence tests) with DXA with R² from 0.83 to 0.97; though BMC revealed concordance coefficients of 0.83 and an R² of 0.88. MQI using total ALM from NIRS was not equivalent to DXA, but demonstrated low root mean squared error (0.08 kg/kg) and 95% limits of agreement (±0.21 kg/kg). Indices of visceral adipose tissue (iVAT) from NIRS_G1 and NIRS_G2 were significantly different (p < 0.001), but were both significantly associated with DXA VAT (NIRS_G1 R²: 0.53; NIRS_G2 R²: 0.62; both p < 0.001).

Conclusion

NIRS appears to demonstrate acceptable agreement with DXA and continual improvements could make NIRS a viable alternative for comprehensive body composition assessments.

背景：近红外反应光谱法（NIRS）可提供全面的身体成分评估，因此在个人和专业领域越来越受欢迎。然而，近红外反应光谱是否与标准方法一致仍是未知数。因此，本研究旨在确定近红外光谱与 DXA 得出的身体成分估计值之间的一致性：方法：97 名参与者使用 DXA 和第一代 (NIRSG1)、第二代 (NIRSG2) 以及肌肉专用 NIRS (NIRSFIT) 设备完成了身体成分评估。在另外一天，一部分参与者（n = 63）在手握式测力计上进行了最大自主收缩（MVC），结合附肢总瘦体重（ALM）估算值，得出了描述肌肉质量指数（MQI）的比率（MVC/总ALM或仅MVC/手臂ALM）：结果：NIRSG2 的脂肪量、无脂肪量、体脂率和 ALM，而非骨矿物质含量 (BMC)，以及 NIRSFIT 与 DXA 的等效性（使用等效性测试），R2 为 0.83 至 0.97；但 BMC 的一致性系数为 0.83，R2 为 0.88。使用近红外成像技术得出的总 ALM 的 MQI 值与 DXA 值不相当，但显示出较低的均方根误差（0.08 千克/千克）和 95% 的一致性（±0.21 千克/千克）。NIRSG1 和 NIRSG2 的内脏脂肪组织（iVAT）指数有显著差异（p G1 R2：0.53；NIRSG2 R2：0.62；均为 p 结论：NIRS 与 DXA 的一致性似乎可以接受，不断改进可使 NIRS 成为全面身体成分评估的可行替代方法。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship between heart rate variability and echocardiography indices of cardiac function in healthy individuals 健康人的心率变异性与心脏功能超声心动图指数之间的关系。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12910

Mushidur Rahman, Sophie L. Russell, Nduka C. Okwose, Charles J. Steward, Helen Maddock, Prithwish Banerjee, Djordje G. Jakovljevic

Purpose

This study evaluated the relationship between HRV and echocardiography indices of cardiac function.

Methods

Healthy individuals (N = 30) aged 33 ± 10 years old, underwent short-term resting HRV assessment and transthoracic echocardiography with speckle tracking analysis. Time domain - (i.e. R-R interval, root mean square of successive RR interval difference (RMSSD), standard deviation of normal RR intervals (SDNN) and frequency domain-measures of HRV (i.e. high-frequency power (HF), low-frequency power (LF), high-frequency normalised (HFnorm) and low-frequency normalised (LFnorm)). Echocardiography indices of cardiac function included; Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left- and right-ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS, and RV GLS), left atrial strain: left atrial reservoir (LA_res), left atrial conduit (LA_con) and left atrial contraction (LA_CT).

Results

The mean values for HRV time-domain measures were: R-R (991 ± 176 ms), SDNN (50.9 ± 21.5 ms), and RMSSD (46.8 ± 29.4 ms); and frequency-domain: LF (727 ± 606 ms²), HF (415 ± 35 ms²), LFnorm (56 ± 19.4) and HFnorm (36.5 ± 18.8). Mean values for indices of cardiac function were LVEF (59.9% ± 2.8%), LV-GLS (19.2% ± 1.4%), RV-GLS (21.7% ± 2.7%), LA_res (36.8% ± 6.99%), LA_con (26.2% ± 6.95%) and LA_CT (12.3% ± 3.56%). There was a significant negative relationship between HF and LV-GLS (r = −0.47, p = 0.01) and RMSSD and LVEF (r = −0.39, p = 0.03) respectively.

Conclusion

Heart rate variability measures such as high frequency power and RMSSD are associated with left ventricle systolic function in healthy individuals.

目的：本研究评估了心率变异与心脏功能超声心动图指标之间的关系。方法：年龄在 33 ± 10 岁之间的健康人（N = 30）接受了短期静息心率变异评估和带有斑点追踪分析的经胸超声心动图检查。心率变异的时域测量（即 R-R 间期、连续 RR 间期差的均方根（RMSSD）、正常 RR 间期的标准偏差（SDNN））和频域测量（即高频功率（HF）、低频功率（LF）、高频归一化（HFnorm）和低频归一化（LFnorm））。心脏功能的超声心动图指标包括：左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室和右室整体纵向应变（LV-GLS 和 RV GLS）、左房应变：左房蓄积（LAres）、左房导管（LAcon）和左房收缩（LACT）：心率变异时域测量的平均值为R-R (991 ± 176 ms)、SDNN (50.9 ± 21.5 ms) 和 RMSSD (46.8 ± 29.4 ms)；频域测量值为低频（727 ± 606 ms2）、高频（415 ± 35 ms2）、低频标准（56 ± 19.4）和高频标准（36.5 ± 18.8）。心功能指数的平均值为 LVEF（59.9% ± 2.8%）、LV-GLS（19.2% ± 1.4%）、RV-GLS（21.7% ± 2.7%）、LAres（36.8% ± 6.99%）、LAcon（26.2% ± 6.95%）和 LACT（12.3% ± 3.56%）。HF与LV-GLS（r = -0.47，p = 0.01）、RMSSD与LVEF（r = -0.39，p = 0.03）之间分别存在明显的负相关：结论：高频功率和 RMSSD 等心率变异性指标与健康人的左心室收缩功能有关。

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引用次数: 0

Plantar flexor strength and size decrease following single-leg disuse in uninjured adults: A meta-analysis 未受伤的成年人单腿废用后跖屈肌力量和大小下降：荟萃分析

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12912

Nicholas Preobrazenski, Joel Seigel, Ian Janssen, Sandra Halliday, Chris McGlory

Introduction

Plantar flexors play a pivotal role in human locomotion and balance. Several original research studies and systematic reviews have characterised the impact of single-leg disuse on plantar flexor strength and size. However, no meta-analysis has quantified the effects of single-leg disuse on changes in plantar flexor strength and size in uninjured adults.

Aim

To quantify changes in plantar flexor strength and size in response to single-leg disuse.

Methods

Data were extracted from 19 studies captured in our previous systematic review on studies that employed a unilateral lower limb immobilisation model (cast or brace) and were published up to January 30, 2022. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed on original research studies reporting measures of plantar flexor strength (isometric, isokinetic, or repetition maximum) and size (magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography) in uninjured adults.

Results

Single-leg disuse decreased plantar flexor strength (Hedges g_av = −0.71 [95% confidence interval: −0.93, −0.48], p < 0.001, 7−28 days, N = 16 studies, n = 121 participants including ≥13 females, ages 19−29) and plantar flexor size (−0.33 [−0.50, −0.15], p < 0.001, 14−35 days, N = 6, n = 49, 10 females, ages 22−27) across all durations of disuse.

Discussion

Single-leg disuse decreases plantar flexor strength and size in uninjured adults. This work adds to recent meta-analytic findings demonstrating the declines in knee extensors strength and size following single-leg disuse. The paucity of female and participants >30 years old in the single-leg disuse literature examining plantar flexors represents a priority of future work.

导言跖屈肌在人体运动和平衡中发挥着关键作用。一些原创性研究和系统性综述描述了单腿废用对跖屈肌力量和大小的影响。目的：量化单腿废用对跖屈肌力量和大小变化的影响：从我们之前的系统综述中捕获的 19 项研究中提取数据，这些研究采用了单侧下肢固定模式（石膏或支架），发表时间截至 2022 年 1 月 30 日。随机效应荟萃分析对报告未受伤成年人跖屈肌力量（等长、等动或重复最大值）和大小（磁共振成像或计算机断层扫描）测量结果的原始研究进行了分析：结果：单腿废用会降低跖屈肌的力量（海德斯伽夫=-0.71 [95%置信区间：-0.93，-0.48]，P单腿废用会降低未受伤成年人的跖屈肌力量和大小。最近的荟萃分析结果表明，单腿废用后，膝关节伸肌的力量和大小都会下降。在单腿废用的文献中，很少有女性和年龄大于 30 岁的参与者对跖屈肌进行研究，这也是未来工作的重点。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of eccentric arm cycling on muscle damage and injury-related biomarkers 手臂偏心骑行对肌肉损伤和损伤相关生物标志物的影响

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12911

Frode Gottschalk, Mikael Gennser, Ola Eiken, Antonis Elia

Purpose

There is a scarcity of information regarding the effect of upper-body eccentric exercise on biomarkers of muscle damage. This study sought to investigate the effect of eccentric arm cycling on muscle damage [exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD)].

Method

Ten subjects performed a 15 min eccentric arm cycling protocol (cadence 49 ± 7 rpm, power absorbed 248 ± 34 W). Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the elbow flexors was evaluated at rest and at 5 min, 24 h, and 48 h post-exercise. In addition, blood samples were drawn at rest and thereafter at 30 min, 24 h, and 48 h intervals after exercise for quantification of creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and endothelin (ET-1) concentrations. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) was assessed using a category ratio scale (0–10).

Results

Myoglobin was increased from baseline at 30 min post-exercise (+114%, 46.08 ± 22.17 µg/L, p = 0.018). Individual peak values were higher than baseline values for CK (+72.8%, 204 ± 138 U/L, p = 0.046) and LDH (+17%, 3.3 ± 0.88 nmole/min/mL, p = 0.017), but not for ET-1 (+9%, 1.4 ± 0.48 pg/mL, p = 0.45). DOMS was reported at 24 h (median 4) and 48 h (median 4) post-exercise and MVC of the elbow flexors were reduced from baseline (216 ± 44 N) at 5 min (−34%, 147 ± 61 N, p < 0.001), 24 h (−17%, 181 ± 56 N, p = 0.005) and 48 h (−9%, 191 ± 54 N, p = 0.003).

Conclusion

Eccentric arm cycling incites EIMD with reduced MVC and elevation of myoglobin, CK and LDH.

目的：有关上半身偏心运动对肌肉损伤生物标志物的影响的信息很少。本研究旨在调查偏心臂骑行对肌肉损伤[运动诱发的肌肉损伤（EIMD）]的影响：方法：10 名受试者进行了 15 分钟的偏心手臂骑行（速度为 49 ± 7 rpm，吸收功率为 248 ± 34 W）。分别在休息时、运动后 5 分钟、24 小时和 48 小时评估肘部屈肌的最大自主收缩力（MVC）。此外，还在休息时和运动后 30 分钟、24 小时和 48 小时抽取血液样本，以量化肌酸激酶（CK）、肌红蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和内皮素（ET-1）的浓度。延迟性肌肉酸痛（DOMS）采用类别比率表（0-10）进行评估：结果：运动后 30 分钟肌红蛋白比基线高（+114%，46.08 ± 22.17 µg/L，p = 0.018）。CK（+72.8%，204 ± 138 U/L，p = 0.046）和 LDH（+17%，3.3 ± 0.88 nmole/min/mL，p = 0.017）的单项峰值高于基线值，但 ET-1（+9%，1.4 ± 0.48 pg/mL，p = 0.45）的单项峰值低于基线值。运动后 24 小时（中位数为 4）和 48 小时（中位数为 4）出现 DOMS，5 分钟时肘屈肌的 MVC 从基线（216 ± 44 N）降低（-34%，147 ± 61 N，p 结论：运动后 24 小时和 48 小时，肘屈肌的 MVC 从基线（216 ± 44 N）降低（-34%，147 ± 61 N，p）：偏心臂力自行车运动会诱发 EIMD，导致肌收缩力降低以及肌红蛋白、肌酸激酶和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高。

{"title":"The effect of eccentric arm cycling on muscle damage and injury-related biomarkers","authors":"Frode Gottschalk, Mikael Gennser, Ola Eiken, Antonis Elia","doi":"10.1111/cpf.12911","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cpf.12911","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a scarcity of information regarding the effect of upper-body eccentric exercise on biomarkers of muscle damage. This study sought to investigate the effect of eccentric arm cycling on muscle damage [exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD)].</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten subjects performed a 15 min eccentric arm cycling protocol (cadence 49 ± 7 rpm, power absorbed 248 ± 34 W). Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the elbow flexors was evaluated at rest and at 5 min, 24 h, and 48 h post-exercise. In addition, blood samples were drawn at rest and thereafter at 30 min, 24 h, and 48 h intervals after exercise for quantification of creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and endothelin (ET-1) concentrations. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) was assessed using a category ratio scale (0–10).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myoglobin was increased from baseline at 30 min post-exercise (+114%, 46.08 ± 22.17 µg/L, <i>p</i> = 0.018). Individual peak values were higher than baseline values for CK (+72.8%, 204 ± 138 U/L, <i>p</i> = 0.046) and LDH (+17%, 3.3 ± 0.88 nmole/min/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.017), but not for ET-1 (+9%, 1.4 ± 0.48 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.45). DOMS was reported at 24 h (median 4) and 48 h (median 4) post-exercise and MVC of the elbow flexors were reduced from baseline (216 ± 44 N) at 5 min (−34%, 147 ± 61 N, <i>p</i> < 0.001), 24 h (−17%, 181 ± 56 N, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and 48 h (−9%, 191 ± 54 N, <i>p</i> = 0.003).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eccentric arm cycling incites EIMD with reduced MVC and elevation of myoglobin, CK and LDH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10504,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cpf.12911","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 is associated with cardiac structural and functional remodelling in healthy middle-aged and older individuals COVID-19 与健康中老年人的心脏结构和功能重塑有关。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12909

Mushidur Rahman, Sophie L. Russell, Nduka C. Okwose, Gordon McGregor, Helen Maddock, Prithwish Banerjee, Djordje G. Jakovljevic

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic in 2019. It remains uncertain to what extent COVID-19 effects the heart in heathy individuals. To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 on cardiac structure and function in middle-aged and older individuals.

Methods

A single-centre prospective observational study enroled a total of 124 participants (84 with history of COVID-19 [COVID-19 group] and 40 without a history of COVID-19 [non-COVID group]). All participants underwent echocardiography with speckle tracking to assess cardiac structure and function at rest and during peak exercise.

Results

There were no differences in left and right ventricular diastolic function (p ≥ 0.05) between the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups. Participants in COVID-19 group demonstrated higher left ventricular mass (130 ± 39.8 vs. 113 ± 27.2 g, p = 0.008) and relative wall thickness (0.38 ± 0.07 vs. 0.36 ± 0.13, p = 0.049). Left ventricular global longitudinal strain was reduced in the COVID-19 group at rest and at peak-exercise (rest: 18.3 ± 2.01 vs. 19.3 ± 1.53%, p = 0.004; peak exercise: 19.1 ± 2.20 vs. 21.0 ± 1.58%, p ≤ 0.001). However, no difference was seen in resting left ventricular ejection fraction (58 ± 2.89 vs. 59 ± 2.51%, p = 0.565) between groups. Right ventricular fractional area change was reduced in the COVID-19 group (p = 0.012).

Conclusion

Cardiac structural and functional remodelling was observed in middle-aged and older otherwise healthy individuals with a history of COVID-19.

背景：2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）被宣布为2019年全球大流行病。目前仍不确定COVID-19对健康人心脏的影响程度。评估 COVID-19 对中老年人心脏结构和功能的影响：一项单中心前瞻性观察研究共招募了 124 名参与者（其中 84 人有 COVID-19 病史 [COVID-19 组]，40 人无 COVID-19 病史 [非 COVID 组]）。所有参与者都接受了斑点追踪超声心动图检查，以评估静息状态和运动高峰期的心脏结构和功能：结果：COVID-19 组和非 COVID-19 组的左心室和右心室舒张功能没有差异（P ≥ 0.05）。COVID-19 组参与者的左心室质量（130 ± 39.8 vs. 113 ± 27.2 g，p = 0.008）和相对室壁厚度（0.38 ± 0.07 vs. 0.36 ± 0.13，p = 0.049）较高。COVID-19 组的左心室整体纵向应变在静息和运动峰值时均有所降低（静息：18.3 ± 2.01 vs 0.36 ± 0.13，p = 0.049）：18.3 ± 2.01 vs. 19.3 ± 1.53%，p = 0.004；运动峰值：19.1 ± 2.20 vs. 21.0 ± 1.58%，p ≤ 0.001）。然而，各组间静息左心室射血分数（58 ± 2.89 vs. 59 ± 2.51%，p = 0.565）无差异。COVID-19组的右心室射血分数面积变化减少（p = 0.012）：结论：在有 COVID-19 病史的中老年健康人群中观察到心脏结构和功能重塑。

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引用次数: 0

The prognostic value of [18F]FDG PET/CT texture analysis prior to transplantation for unresectable colorectal liver metastases 无法切除的结直肠肝转移瘤移植前[18F]FDG PET/CT 纹理分析的预后价值。

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 PHYSIOLOGY

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12908

Nadide Mutlukoca Stern, Lars Tore Gyland Mikalsen, Svein Dueland, Anselm Schulz, Pål-Dag Line, Caroline Stokke, Harald Grut

Introduction

To determine whether heterogeneity in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) ¹⁸F fluorodeoxyglucose [¹⁸F]FDG distribution is predictive of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) following liver transplantation (LT) for unresectable CRLM.

Methods

The preoperative [¹⁸F]FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography examinations of all patients in the secondary cancer 1 and 2 studies were retrospectively assessed. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max), metabolic tumour volume (MTV), and six texture heterogeneity parameters (joint entropy_GLCM, dissimilarity_GLCM, grey level variance_SZM, size zone variance_SZM, and zone percentage_SZM, and morphological feature convex deficiency) were obtained. DFS and OS for patients over and under the median value for each of these parameters were compared by using the Kaplan Meier method and log rank test.

Results

Twenty-eight out of 40 patients who underwent LT for unresectable CRLM had liver metastases with uptake above liver background and were eligible for inclusion. Low MTV (p < 0.001) and dissimilarity_GLCM (p = 0.016) were correlated to longer DFS. Low MTV (p < 0.001) and low values of the texture parameters dissimilarity_GLCM (p = 0.038), joint entropy_GLCM (p = 0.015) and zone percentage_SZM (p = 0.037) were significantly correlated to longer OS. SUV_max was not correlated to DFS and OS.

Conclusion

Although some texture parameters were able to significantly predict DFS and OS, MTV seems to be superior to predict both DFS and OS following LT for unresectable CRLM.

导言：目的：确定结直肠肝转移瘤（CRLM）18F氟脱氧葡萄糖[18F]FDG分布的异质性是否可预测不可切除CRLM肝移植术后的无病生存期（DFS）和总生存期（OS）：方法：对二次癌症1和2研究中所有患者的术前[18F]FDG正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描检查进行了回顾性评估。获得了最大标准化摄取值（SUVmax）、代谢肿瘤体积（MTV）和六个纹理异质性参数（联合熵GLCM、异质性GLCM、灰度方差SZM、大小区方差SZM、大小区百分比SZM和形态特征凸缺）。采用 Kaplan Meier 法和对数秩检验比较了超过和低于上述各项参数中位值的患者的 DFS 和 OS：40例因无法切除的CRLM而接受LT治疗的患者中，有28例患者的肝脏转移灶摄取量高于肝脏本底，符合纳入条件。低 MTV (p GLCM (p = 0.016) 与较长的 DFS 相关。低MTV（p GLCM（p = 0.038）、联合熵GLCM（p = 0.015）和区域百分比SZM（p = 0.037）与较长的OS显著相关。SUVmax与DFS和OS无关：结论：虽然一些纹理参数能显著预测DFS和OS，但MTV似乎更能预测不可切除CRLM经LT治疗后的DFS和OS。

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引用次数: 0