Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/fe.2021.2.15-24
T. Chistyakov, A. Karmes
{"title":"ON THE RELEVANCE OF EXTINGUISHING CLASS E FIRES BY THE FIRE SERVICE PERSONNEL","authors":"T. Chistyakov, A. Karmes","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.2.15-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.2.15-24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114411741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/fe.2023.2.94-99
V. Sednev, Elena I. Koshevaya
PURPOSE. In the works previously performed by the authors it has been proposed to determine conditions for buildings destruction by the method of the stress state automated calculating their building structures after external loads redistribution as a result of “destroyed” elements removal from the design scheme. This has made it possible to determine for the first time the types and number of the buildings supporting structures elements, whose destruction leads to their collapse. In addition, the degree of building destruction is determined not by the amount of overpressure in the front of the air shock wave acting on the building, but by the amount of economic damage, based on the feasibility of its restoration, depending on the proportion of destroyed interconnected structural elements of the building. For the first time, it allows promptly predicting both the degree of individual buildings destruction and their groups in the lesion focus. METHODS. The authors have used positions of the probability theory and the apparatus of mathematical statistics, as well as methods for determining the overpressure in the front of the air shock wave under the influence of conventional destruction means. FINDINGS. As a criterion for the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for forecasting the degree of buildings destruction under the influence of conventional destruction means, the accuracy increase degree of buildings destruction level determining has been taken. A comparative calculation of the brick building destruction degree has been made. With regard to panel and monolithic buildings, it is impossible to perform comparative calculations, due to lack of data on the magnitude of overpressure in the front of the nuclear explosion air shock wave, which causes weak, medium, strong and complete destruction of residential buildings of these types. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The results can be used to forecast the volume of emergency recovery work in relation to residential buildings and areas of cities and economic facilities under the influence of conventional destruction means as well as to develop measures to ensure the stability of residential buildings functioning as a result of conventional destruction means impact. CONCLUSIONS. Scientific and methodological approaches for the operational forecasting the residential buildings destruction degree under the influence of conventional destruction means are proposed. The analysis of comparative calculations shows that the accuracy of the developed methodology application in comparison with the existing ones is increased by 50 %.
{"title":"Engineering methodology for operational degrees forecasting residential buildings destruction under the influence of conventional destruction means","authors":"V. Sednev, Elena I. Koshevaya","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.2.94-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.2.94-99","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. In the works previously performed by the authors it has been proposed to determine conditions for buildings destruction by the method of the stress state automated calculating their building structures after external loads redistribution as a result of “destroyed” elements removal from the design scheme. This has made it possible to determine for the first time the types and number of the buildings supporting structures elements, whose destruction leads to their collapse. In addition, the degree of building destruction is determined not by the amount of overpressure in the front of the air shock wave acting on the building, but by the amount of economic damage, based on the feasibility of its restoration, depending on the proportion of destroyed interconnected structural elements of the building. For the first time, it allows promptly predicting both the degree of individual buildings destruction and their groups in the lesion focus. METHODS. The authors have used positions of the probability theory and the apparatus of mathematical statistics, as well as methods for determining the overpressure in the front of the air shock wave under the influence of conventional destruction means. FINDINGS. As a criterion for the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for forecasting the degree of buildings destruction under the influence of conventional destruction means, the accuracy increase degree of buildings destruction level determining has been taken. A comparative calculation of the brick building destruction degree has been made. With regard to panel and monolithic buildings, it is impossible to perform comparative calculations, due to lack of data on the magnitude of overpressure in the front of the nuclear explosion air shock wave, which causes weak, medium, strong and complete destruction of residential buildings of these types. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The results can be used to forecast the volume of emergency recovery work in relation to residential buildings and areas of cities and economic facilities under the influence of conventional destruction means as well as to develop measures to ensure the stability of residential buildings functioning as a result of conventional destruction means impact. CONCLUSIONS. Scientific and methodological approaches for the operational forecasting the residential buildings destruction degree under the influence of conventional destruction means are proposed. The analysis of comparative calculations shows that the accuracy of the developed methodology application in comparison with the existing ones is increased by 50 %.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115012253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/fe.2019.3.35-42
V. Roenko, I. Kaplin, A. Sviridov, S. Khramtsov, A. Sokovnin
{"title":"ASSESSING POSSIBILITIES OF USING TEMPERATURE-ACTIVATED WATER AT OFF-SHORE OIL AND GAS PLATFORMS","authors":"V. Roenko, I. Kaplin, A. Sviridov, S. Khramtsov, A. Sokovnin","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.3.35-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.3.35-42","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133095607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/fe.2023.2.73-80
A. Fedorov, D. N. Rubtsov, Kairat K. Ospanov
Purpose. A review of the structure of a modern automated process control system of an oil refining complex allowed the authors to identify the lack of technical means for remote control of the effective functioning of a protective steam curtain of tube furnaces. Numerical simulation of changes in steam pressure in a steam pipeline at the site of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit depending on the steam mass flow was carried out. Based on the results of the review and simulation, technical solutions were developed that provide remote control of steam pressure, as well as automatic maintenance of the set steam pressure parameters for the effective operation of a protective steam curtain of a tube furnace of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit. METHODS. To obtain the results, the authors used general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge such as analysis, synthesis and generalization, which are based on the provisions of systems and information theories. FINDINGS. The results of numerical simulation of changes in steam pressure in a steam pipeline at the site of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit depending on the steam mass flow were obtained. It was determined that with the simultaneous launch of protective steam curtains of five tube furnaces, it is possible to reduce the steam pressure values below the normative ones. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The obtained results of the research can be used in tube furnace protective steam curtain systems at oil refineries and petrochemical plants to automate the control of steam pressure parameters and automatically maintain the set parameters of steam pressure when the values drop below the set ones. CONCLUSIONS. Based on the results of numerical simulation of changes in steam pressure in the steam pipeline at the section of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit, depending on the steam mass flow, technical solutions were developed that provide remote control of steam pressure, as well as automatic maintenance of the set steam pressure parameters for the effective operation of the protective steam curtain of a tube furnace of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit. Directions for further research are defined.
{"title":"Monitoring and maintaining the parameters of the efficient functioning of a tube furnace steam curtain","authors":"A. Fedorov, D. N. Rubtsov, Kairat K. Ospanov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.2.73-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.2.73-80","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. A review of the structure of a modern automated process control system of an oil refining complex allowed the authors to identify the lack of technical means for remote control of the effective functioning of a protective steam curtain of tube furnaces. Numerical simulation of changes in steam pressure in a steam pipeline at the site of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit depending on the steam mass flow was carried out. Based on the results of the review and simulation, technical solutions were developed that provide remote control of steam pressure, as well as automatic maintenance of the set steam pressure parameters for the effective operation of a protective steam curtain of a tube furnace of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit. METHODS. To obtain the results, the authors used general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge such as analysis, synthesis and generalization, which are based on the provisions of systems and information theories. FINDINGS. The results of numerical simulation of changes in steam pressure in a steam pipeline at the site of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit depending on the steam mass flow were obtained. It was determined that with the simultaneous launch of protective steam curtains of five tube furnaces, it is possible to reduce the steam pressure values below the normative ones. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The obtained results of the research can be used in tube furnace protective steam curtain systems at oil refineries and petrochemical plants to automate the control of steam pressure parameters and automatically maintain the set parameters of steam pressure when the values drop below the set ones. CONCLUSIONS. Based on the results of numerical simulation of changes in steam pressure in the steam pipeline at the section of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit, depending on the steam mass flow, technical solutions were developed that provide remote control of steam pressure, as well as automatic maintenance of the set steam pressure parameters for the effective operation of the protective steam curtain of a tube furnace of a diesel fuel hydrotreating unit. Directions for further research are defined.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121782398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/fe.2023.2.19-25
L. Panasevich, Viktor I. Yuriev, Yan I. Yuriev
PURPOSE. The article examines the problem of assessing fire hazard in tank farms in Russia when storing gasoline in steel vertical tanks (SVT). The greatest danger is represented by emissions of oil product vapors from the respiratory systems of tanks of SVT type, which leads to the formation of explosive concentrations zones. To assess the possibility of an explosive concentration formation in the gas space of a tank, it is necessary to know the value of the saturated vapor pressure at different temperatures. Data on the fire and explosion properties of the new brands of gasoline, which are stored in tank farms in Russia, in particular, on the saturated vapors pressure, are not available in the reference literature. This fact makes it difficult to provide an impartial quantitative assessment of the fire and explosion hazard of SVT and tank farms in general. The article substantiates the assessment of fire danger mainly using experimental data. METHODS. In the course of the study, analytical and experimental methods to determine the motor gasoline saturated vapor pressure were used. FINDINGS. Using the experimentally obtained pressure of saturated vapor of AI-95-K5 gasoline (рн = 64.97 kPa), the sizes of the explosive concentrations zones formed in the open space in the vicinity of SVT pressure vent valves with a capacity of 1 000 m3 to 50 000 m3 were determined. The analysis of data on the pressure of motor gasoline saturated vapor obtained both analytically and experimentally was carried out, as a result discrepancies in its numerical value by 20% were revealed. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. Conducting experimental research will update the numerical value of the saturated vapor pressure of currently implemented liquid motor fuel brands. CONCLUSIONS. The experimental method is more expensive and time consuming than the analytical one, but it allows obtaining more reliable values of the gasoline saturated vapor pressure, which in turn directly affects the size of explosive concentration zones at industrial facilities.
{"title":"Determination of motor gasolines saturated vapor pressure for calculating the explosive concentration zones dimensions","authors":"L. Panasevich, Viktor I. Yuriev, Yan I. Yuriev","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.2.19-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.2.19-25","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. The article examines the problem of assessing fire hazard in tank farms in Russia when storing gasoline in steel vertical tanks (SVT). The greatest danger is represented by emissions of oil product vapors from the respiratory systems of tanks of SVT type, which leads to the formation of explosive concentrations zones. To assess the possibility of an explosive concentration formation in the gas space of a tank, it is necessary to know the value of the saturated vapor pressure at different temperatures. Data on the fire and explosion properties of the new brands of gasoline, which are stored in tank farms in Russia, in particular, on the saturated vapors pressure, are not available in the reference literature. This fact makes it difficult to provide an impartial quantitative assessment of the fire and explosion hazard of SVT and tank farms in general. The article substantiates the assessment of fire danger mainly using experimental data. METHODS. In the course of the study, analytical and experimental methods to determine the motor gasoline saturated vapor pressure were used. FINDINGS. Using the experimentally obtained pressure of saturated vapor of AI-95-K5 gasoline (рн = 64.97 kPa), the sizes of the explosive concentrations zones formed in the open space in the vicinity of SVT pressure vent valves with a capacity of 1 000 m3 to 50 000 m3 were determined. The analysis of data on the pressure of motor gasoline saturated vapor obtained both analytically and experimentally was carried out, as a result discrepancies in its numerical value by 20% were revealed. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. Conducting experimental research will update the numerical value of the saturated vapor pressure of currently implemented liquid motor fuel brands. CONCLUSIONS. The experimental method is more expensive and time consuming than the analytical one, but it allows obtaining more reliable values of the gasoline saturated vapor pressure, which in turn directly affects the size of explosive concentration zones at industrial facilities.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121790091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/fe.2021.4.15-21
M. A, Kharlamenkov A.
Purpose. The authors of the article draw attention to the explicit lack of such probable sources of combustible medium ignition as static electricity discharges, a direct lightning strike, as well as the impact of secondary factors of lightning (electrostatic and electromagnetic induction) in the Methodology for determining the estimated fire risk values at production facilities of. Methods. Statistical analysis methods: data assembling and grouping statistical observation materials; sampling; correlation and regression analysis, etc. have been used in the study. Findings. The article considers the established practice of determining the fire risk values and contradictions have been found between the Methodology for determining fire risk values at production facilities and the Technical regulations on safety of buildings and structures. The statistics analysis of fires caused by lightning and electrostatic discharges and the experience of other countries have made it possible to conclude that an additional coefficient should be introduced when calculating fire or explosion probability from the degree of compliance with lightning protection requirements. The authors draw attention to the problem of a risk-oriented approach – focus on the calculation result, which has an impact on ensuring fire safety. Research application field. It is advisable to include the results of the study in the scientific-research and development work of scientific-research organizations of EMERCOM of Russia and other ministries and departments. The materials can also be used when discussing the procedure for applying the risk-oriented approach to the control and supervisory activities in the Russian Federation. Conclusions. Failure of taking into account the state of protection against lightning and static electricity when calculating the fire risk of the facility reduces the reliability of the assessment for participants in the fire safety provision system.
{"title":"PLACE OF PROTECTION SYSTEM AGAINST LIGHTNING AND STATIC ELECTRICITY IN FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AT PRODUCTION FACILITIES","authors":"M. A, Kharlamenkov A.","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.4.15-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.4.15-21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The authors of the article draw attention to the explicit lack of such probable sources of combustible medium ignition as static electricity discharges, a direct lightning strike, as well as the impact of secondary factors of lightning (electrostatic and electromagnetic induction) in the Methodology for determining the estimated fire risk values at production facilities of. Methods. Statistical analysis methods: data assembling and grouping statistical observation materials; sampling; correlation and regression analysis, etc. have been used in the study. Findings. The article considers the established practice of determining the fire risk values and contradictions have been found between the Methodology for determining fire risk values at production facilities and the Technical regulations on safety of buildings and structures. The statistics analysis of fires caused by lightning and electrostatic discharges and the experience of other countries have made it possible to conclude that an additional coefficient should be introduced when calculating fire or explosion probability from the degree of compliance with lightning protection requirements. The authors draw attention to the problem of a risk-oriented approach – focus on the calculation result, which has an impact on ensuring fire safety. Research application field. It is advisable to include the results of the study in the scientific-research and development work of scientific-research organizations of EMERCOM of Russia and other ministries and departments. The materials can also be used when discussing the procedure for applying the risk-oriented approach to the control and supervisory activities in the Russian Federation. Conclusions. Failure of taking into account the state of protection against lightning and static electricity when calculating the fire risk of the facility reduces the reliability of the assessment for participants in the fire safety provision system.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128801489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/fe.2019.2.16-22
P. Astapov, A. Fedorov
{"title":"DETERMINING THE CONTROLLED PARAMETERS AMOUNT IN DESIGNING AUTOMATED MONITORING SYSTEMS AT OIL REFINERIES","authors":"P. Astapov, A. Fedorov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.2.16-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.2.16-22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130508224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. M. Yesin, V. N. Ivanov, E. Barinova, B. Serkov, D. Samoshin, D. Pristupiuk
Purpose. The article evaluates the effectiveness of the natural ventilation system of partially open car parks using numerical simulation in the Fire Dynamics Simulator software package. In large shopping centers, along with open and closed car parks, there are car parks, whose open doorways areas are comparable to the areas of enclosing structures. The study is due to the lack of requirements for smoke protection of partially open car parks in the current regulatory documents. Methods. The authors have carried out numerical simulation in the Fire Dynamics Simulator software package, which implements a field model of a fire in the room. Findings. The study has showed that the efficiency of the system with natural draft induction (with natural ventilation) and with mechanical draft induction (exhaust smoke ventilation systems) is almost the same. The combustion temperature of a car reaches 816 °С, the temperature of the combustion products drops to the level of the average value of a car park area (24 °С) at a distance of no more than 2 m. Research application field. The results of the study can be used in the development of regulatory requirements for smoke protection of partially open car parks. Conclusions. The conducted research allowed the authors to draw a number of conclusions. 1. For a partially open car park in “Mega-Khimki” shopping mall the use of natural ventilation is effective: the temperature of combustion products and the visibility distance inside the car park practically do not differ from the corresponding values outside the building. The distance from the burning car to the point where the temperature of combustion products drops to about 20 °С is no more than 9 m. 2. The distance from the burning car to the point where the temperature of the combustion products drops to about 20 °С is no more than 9 m. 3. Taking into consideration the possible variety of planning solutions and sizes of partially open car parks, it is advisable to support the requirements of current regulatory documents with calculations using a field mathematical model.
{"title":"Ventilation of partially open car parks","authors":"V. M. Yesin, V. N. Ivanov, E. Barinova, B. Serkov, D. Samoshin, D. Pristupiuk","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.1.5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.1.5-13","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The article evaluates the effectiveness of the natural ventilation system of partially open car parks using numerical simulation in the Fire Dynamics Simulator software package. In large shopping centers, along with open and closed car parks, there are car parks, whose open doorways areas are comparable to the areas of enclosing structures. The study is due to the lack of requirements for smoke protection of partially open car parks in the current regulatory documents. Methods. The authors have carried out numerical simulation in the Fire Dynamics Simulator software package, which implements a field model of a fire in the room. Findings. The study has showed that the efficiency of the system with natural draft induction (with natural ventilation) and with mechanical draft induction (exhaust smoke ventilation systems) is almost the same. The combustion temperature of a car reaches 816 °С, the temperature of the combustion products drops to the level of the average value of a car park area (24 °С) at a distance of no more than 2 m. Research application field. The results of the study can be used in the development of regulatory requirements for smoke protection of partially open car parks. Conclusions. The conducted research allowed the authors to draw a number of conclusions. 1. For a partially open car park in “Mega-Khimki” shopping mall the use of natural ventilation is effective: the temperature of combustion products and the visibility distance inside the car park practically do not differ from the corresponding values outside the building. The distance from the burning car to the point where the temperature of combustion products drops to about 20 °С is no more than 9 m. 2. The distance from the burning car to the point where the temperature of the combustion products drops to about 20 °С is no more than 9 m. 3. Taking into consideration the possible variety of planning solutions and sizes of partially open car parks, it is advisable to support the requirements of current regulatory documents with calculations using a field mathematical model.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121392065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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