Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109899
G.S. Rieder , T. Duarte , C.P. Delgado , A. Rodighiero , P.A. Nogara , L. Orian , M. Aschner , C.L. Dalla Corte , J.B.T. Da Rocha
Copper (Cu2+) is a biologically essential element that participates in numerous physiological processes. However, elevated concentrations of copper have been associated with cellular oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Organo‑selenium compounds such as diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) have in vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties. Hence, we hypothesized that DPDS may modulate the toxicity of Cu2+ in Drosophila melanogaster. The acute effects (4 days of exposure) caused by a high concentration of Cu2+ (3 mM) were studied using endpoints of toxicity such as survival and behavior in D. melanogaster. The potential protective effect of low concentration of DPDS (20 μM) against Cu2+ was also investigated. Adult flies aged 1–5 days post-eclosion (both sexes) were divided into four groups: Control, DPDS (20 μM), CuSO4 (3 mM), and the combined exposure of DPDS (20 μM) and CuSO4 (3 mM). Survival, biochemical, and behavioral parameters were determined. Co-exposure of DPDS and CuSO4 increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS as determined by DFCH oxidation). Contrary to our expectation, the co-exposure reduced survival, body weight, locomotion, catalase activity, and cell viability in relation to control group. Taken together, DPDS potentiated the Cu2+ toxicity.
{"title":"Interplay between diphenyl diselenide and copper: Impact on D. melanogaster survival, behavior, and biochemical parameters","authors":"G.S. Rieder , T. Duarte , C.P. Delgado , A. Rodighiero , P.A. Nogara , L. Orian , M. Aschner , C.L. Dalla Corte , J.B.T. Da Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) is a biologically essential element that participates in numerous physiological processes. However, elevated concentrations of copper have been associated with cellular oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Organo‑selenium compounds such as diphenyl diselenide (DPDS) have in vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties. Hence, we hypothesized that DPDS may modulate the toxicity of Cu<sup>2+</sup> in <em>Drosophila melanogaster.</em> The acute effects (4 days of exposure) caused by a high concentration of Cu<sup>2+</sup> (3 mM) were studied using endpoints of toxicity such as survival and behavior in <em>D. melanogaster</em>. The potential protective effect of low concentration of DPDS (20 μM) against Cu<sup>2+</sup> was also investigated. Adult flies aged 1–5 days post-eclosion (both sexes) were divided into four groups: Control, DPDS (20 μM), CuSO<sub>4</sub> (3 mM), and the combined exposure of DPDS (20 μM) and CuSO<sub>4</sub> (3 mM). Survival, biochemical, and behavioral parameters were determined. Co-exposure of DPDS and CuSO<sub>4</sub> increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS as determined by DFCH oxidation). Contrary to our expectation, the co-exposure reduced survival, body weight, locomotion, catalase activity, and cell viability in relation to control group. Taken together, DPDS potentiated the Cu<sup>2+</sup> toxicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109898
P. Snega Priya , P. Pratiksha Nandhini , S. Vaishnavi , V. Pavithra , Mikhlid H. Almutairi , Bader O. Almutairi , Selvaraj Arokiyaraj , Raman Pachaiappan , Jesu Arockiaraj
This study investigated the reproductive toxicity of rhodamine B in zebrafish and its transgenerational effects on the F1 generation. In silico toxicity predictions revealed high toxicity of rhodamine B, mainly targeting pathways associated with the reproductive and endocrine systems. In vivo experiments on zebrafish demonstrated that rhodamine B exposure at a concentration of 1.5 mg/L led to significant impairments in fecundity parameters, particularly affecting females. Histopathological analysis revealed distinct changes in reproductive organs, further confirming the reproductive toxicity of rhodamine B, with females being more susceptible than males. Gene expression studies indicated significant suppression of genes crucial for ovulation in rhodamine B-treated female fish, highlighting hormonal imbalance as a potential mechanism of reproductive toxicity. Furthermore, bioaccumulation studies showed the presence of rhodamine B in both adult fish gonads and F1 generation samples, suggesting transgenerational transfer of the dye. Embryotoxicity studies on F1 generation larvae demonstrated reduced survival rates, lower hatching rates, and increased malformations in groups exposed to rhodamine B. Moreover, rhodamine B induced oxidative stress in F1 generation larvae, as evidenced by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and altered antioxidant enzyme activity. Neurotoxicity assessments revealed reduced acetylcholinesterase activity, indicating potential neurological impairments in F1 generation larvae. Additionally, locomotory defects and skeletal abnormalities were observed in F1 generation larvae exposed to rhodamine B. This study provides comprehensive evidence of the reproductive toxicity of rhodamine B in adult zebrafish and its transgenerational effects on the F1 generation.
本研究调查了罗丹明 B 在斑马鱼体内的生殖毒性及其对 F1 代的转基因影响。硅学毒性预测显示,罗丹明 B 的毒性很高,主要针对与生殖和内分泌系统相关的途径。斑马鱼体内实验表明,罗丹明 B 浓度为 1.5 毫克/升时,会导致繁殖力参数显著下降,尤其是雌性斑马鱼。组织病理学分析显示生殖器官发生了明显变化,进一步证实了罗丹明 B 的生殖毒性,雌性比雄性更易受影响。基因表达研究表明,罗丹明 B 处理过的雌鱼排卵关键基因受到明显抑制,这突出表明激素失衡是生殖毒性的一种潜在机制。此外,生物蓄积性研究表明,罗丹明 B 存在于成鱼性腺和 F1 代样本中,这表明染料存在跨代转移。此外,罗丹明 B 还会诱发 F1 代幼鱼的氧化应激,表现为活性氧水平升高和抗氧化酶活性改变。神经毒性评估显示,乙酰胆碱酯酶活性降低,表明 F1 代幼虫可能出现神经系统损伤。这项研究全面证明了罗丹明 B 对成年斑马鱼的生殖毒性及其对 F1 代的跨代影响。
{"title":"Rhodamine B, an organic environmental pollutant induces reproductive toxicity in parental and teratogenicity in F1 generation in vivo","authors":"P. Snega Priya , P. Pratiksha Nandhini , S. Vaishnavi , V. Pavithra , Mikhlid H. Almutairi , Bader O. Almutairi , Selvaraj Arokiyaraj , Raman Pachaiappan , Jesu Arockiaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the reproductive toxicity of rhodamine B in zebrafish and its transgenerational effects on the F1 generation. In silico toxicity predictions revealed high toxicity of rhodamine B, mainly targeting pathways associated with the reproductive and endocrine systems. In vivo experiments on zebrafish demonstrated that rhodamine B exposure at a concentration of 1.5 mg/L led to significant impairments in fecundity parameters, particularly affecting females. Histopathological analysis revealed distinct changes in reproductive organs, further confirming the reproductive toxicity of rhodamine B, with females being more susceptible than males. Gene expression studies indicated significant suppression of genes crucial for ovulation in rhodamine B-treated female fish, highlighting hormonal imbalance as a potential mechanism of reproductive toxicity. Furthermore, bioaccumulation studies showed the presence of rhodamine B in both adult fish gonads and F1 generation samples, suggesting transgenerational transfer of the dye. Embryotoxicity studies on F1 generation larvae demonstrated reduced survival rates, lower hatching rates, and increased malformations in groups exposed to rhodamine B. Moreover, rhodamine B induced oxidative stress in F1 generation larvae, as evidenced by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and altered antioxidant enzyme activity. Neurotoxicity assessments revealed reduced acetylcholinesterase activity, indicating potential neurological impairments in F1 generation larvae. Additionally, locomotory defects and skeletal abnormalities were observed in F1 generation larvae exposed to rhodamine B. This study provides comprehensive evidence of the reproductive toxicity of rhodamine B in adult zebrafish and its transgenerational effects on the F1 generation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109904
Yafei Duan , Yuxiu Nan , Meng Xiao , Yukai Yang
Microcystins (MCs) are prevalent harmful contaminants within shrimp aquaculture systems, exhibiting a diverse array of variants. Gut microbiota can engage in mutual interactions with the host through the gut-liver axis. In this study, the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were subjected to three different variants of MCs (LR, YR, RR) at a concentration of 1 μg/L each, and elucidated the alterations in both intestinal microbiota and hepatopancreas physiological homeostasis. The results showed that all three variants of MCs prompted histological alterations in the hepatopancreas, induced elevated levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (H2O2, T-SOD, and CAT), disturbed the transcription levels of immune-related genes (Crus, ALF, and Lys), along with an increase in apoptotic genes (Casp-3 and P53). Furthermore, the metabolic profiles of the hepatopancreas were perturbed, particularly in amino acid metabolism such as “lysine degradation” and “β-alanine metabolism”; the mTOR and FoxO signaling were also influenced, encompassing alterations in the transcription levels of related genes. Additionally, the alterations were observed in the intestinal microbiota's diversity and composition, particularly potential beneficial bacteria (Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, Collinsella, Faecalibacterium, and Prevotellaceae UCG-001), which exhibited a positive correlation with the metabolite berberine. These findings reveal that the three MCs variants can impact the health of the shrimp by interfering with the homeostasis of intestinal microbial and hepatopancreas physiology.
{"title":"Toxicity of three microcystin variants on the histology, physiological and metabolism of hepatopancreas and intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Yafei Duan , Yuxiu Nan , Meng Xiao , Yukai Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microcystins (MCs) are prevalent harmful contaminants within shrimp aquaculture systems, exhibiting a diverse array of variants. Gut microbiota can engage in mutual interactions with the host through the gut-liver axis. In this study, the shrimp <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> were subjected to three different variants of MCs (LR, YR, RR) at a concentration of 1 μg/L each, and elucidated the alterations in both intestinal microbiota and hepatopancreas physiological homeostasis. The results showed that all three variants of MCs prompted histological alterations in the hepatopancreas, induced elevated levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, T-SOD, and CAT), disturbed the transcription levels of immune-related genes (<em>Crus</em>, <em>ALF</em>, and <em>Lys</em>), along with an increase in apoptotic genes (<em>Casp-3</em> and <em>P53</em>). Furthermore, the metabolic profiles of the hepatopancreas were perturbed, particularly in amino acid metabolism such as “lysine degradation” and “<em>β</em>-alanine metabolism”; the mTOR and FoxO signaling were also influenced, encompassing alterations in the transcription levels of related genes. Additionally, the alterations were observed in the intestinal microbiota's diversity and composition, particularly potential beneficial bacteria (<em>Alloprevotella</em>, <em>Bacteroides</em>, <em>Collinsella</em>, <em>Faecalibacterium</em>, and <em>Prevotellaceae UCG-001</em>), which exhibited a positive correlation with the metabolite berberine. These findings reveal that the three MCs variants can impact the health of the shrimp by interfering with the homeostasis of intestinal microbial and hepatopancreas physiology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109901
You Weng, Weijie Gu, Yuanxiang Jin
Epoxiconazole (EPX) is a triazole fungicide, which has been widely used in pest control of cereal crops. However, its extensive use has led to concerning levels of residue in water bodies, posing substantial risks to aquatic life. In this study, we characterized the toxicological effects of EPX on 6-month-old male and female zebrafish at 70 and 700 μg/L, respectively. The results revealed that EPX exposure markedly increased both body length and weight in zebrafish of both sexes, consequently elevating their condition factor. Besides, EPX exposure resulted in notable alterations in hepatic histopathology. These changes included loosened hepatocyte structure, ballooning degeneration, nucleolysis, and disappearance of cell line, with male zebrafish exhibiting more severe damage. High concentration of EPX also significantly increased hepatic lipid accumulation in male zebrafish, as well as increased hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels. Correspondingly, there was a notable alteration in the transcription of genes including cyp51, hmgcr, and PPAR-γ, which associated with cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Interestingly, with the hepatic transcriptomic analysis, high concentration of EPX produced 195 upregulated and 107 downregulated differential expression genes. Both KEGG and GO analyses identified significant enrichment of these genes in lipid and amino acid metabolism pathways. Notably, some key genes involved in the steroid synthesis pathway were marked upregulated. In addition, molecular docking study confirmed that EPX could bind CYP51 protein well (△G = −7.7 kcal/mol). Taken together, these findings demonstrated the multiple toxic effects of EPX on adult zebrafish.
{"title":"Epoxiconazole altered hepatic metabolism in adult zebrafish based on transcriptomic analysis","authors":"You Weng, Weijie Gu, Yuanxiang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Epoxiconazole (EPX) is a triazole fungicide, which has been widely used in pest control of cereal crops. However, its extensive use has led to concerning levels of residue in water bodies, posing substantial risks to aquatic life. In this study, we characterized the toxicological effects of EPX on 6-month-old male and female zebrafish at 70 and 700 μg/L, respectively. The results revealed that EPX exposure markedly increased both body length and weight in zebrafish of both sexes, consequently elevating their condition factor. Besides, EPX exposure resulted in notable alterations in hepatic histopathology. These changes included loosened hepatocyte structure, ballooning degeneration, nucleolysis, and disappearance of cell line, with male zebrafish exhibiting more severe damage. High concentration of EPX also significantly increased hepatic lipid accumulation in male zebrafish, as well as increased hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels. Correspondingly, there was a notable alteration in the transcription of genes including <em>cyp51</em>, <em>hmgcr</em>, and <em>PPAR</em>-γ, which associated with cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Interestingly, with the hepatic transcriptomic analysis, high concentration of EPX produced 195 upregulated and 107 downregulated differential expression genes. Both KEGG and GO analyses identified significant enrichment of these genes in lipid and amino acid metabolism pathways. Notably, some key genes involved in the steroid synthesis pathway were marked upregulated. In addition, molecular docking study confirmed that EPX could bind CYP51 protein well (△G = −7.7 kcal/mol). Taken together, these findings demonstrated the multiple toxic effects of EPX on adult zebrafish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109902
Jian Li , Jia-rong Mo , Shi-yu Hu , Xin Dong , Jia-wei Li , Li-yu Yang , Yi-jian Wu
This study was intended to investigate whether Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides (HEP) prevent oxidative stress and apoptosis of intestinal porcine epithelial cells from jejunum (IPEC-J2 cells) induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Crude HEP were extracted and purified by chromatography. The ultraviolet and infrared spectra and monosaccharide composition of HEP were analyzed. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was quantified by flow cytometry method, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production were determined by TBARS. Also, apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry method and the apoptosis-related regulatory molecules were determined by microplate or western blotting method. Our results showed that pretreatment of IPEC-J2 cells with HEP significantly scavenged ROS and reduced LDH and MDA production. HEP also reduced apoptosis and kept polarity of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, HEP increased the content of caspase-3 and PARP, and protein expression of Bcl-2, while inhibited Bax and Bad and reduced the content of caspase-9 and release of CytC. Meanwhile, HEP inhibited the protein expression of TNFR1, FAS, and FASL, and decreased the content of caspase-8. The results indicated that HEP had a protective effect against oxidative stress in IPEC-J2 cells and the underlying mechanism was reducing apoptosis via mitochondrial and death receptor pathways.
本研究旨在探讨麦角多糖(HEP)是否能防止过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导的猪空肠上皮细胞(IPEC-J2 细胞)氧化应激和凋亡。粗 HEP 经提取和层析纯化。分析了 HEP 的紫外光谱、红外光谱和单糖成分。活性氧(ROS)的生成采用流式细胞仪法进行定量,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和丙二醛(MDA)的生成采用 TBARS 法进行测定。此外,还采用流式细胞术分析了细胞凋亡,并采用微孔板或 Western 印迹法测定了与细胞凋亡相关的调控分子。结果表明,用 HEP 预处理 IPEC-J2 细胞能明显清除 ROS,减少 LDH 和 MDA 的产生。HEP 还能减少细胞凋亡,保持线粒体膜电位的极性。此外,HEP 还能增加 caspase-3 和 PARP 的含量以及 Bcl-2 的蛋白表达,抑制 Bax 和 Bad,降低 caspase-9 的含量和 CytC 的释放。同时,HEP能抑制TNFR1、FAS和FASL的蛋白表达,降低caspase-8的含量。结果表明,HEP对IPEC-J2细胞的氧化应激具有保护作用,其基本机制是通过线粒体和死亡受体途径减少细胞凋亡。
{"title":"Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide in porcine IPEC-J2 intestinal epithelial cells against apoptosis induced by oxidative stress","authors":"Jian Li , Jia-rong Mo , Shi-yu Hu , Xin Dong , Jia-wei Li , Li-yu Yang , Yi-jian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study was intended to investigate whether <em>Hericium erinaceus</em> polysaccharides (HEP) prevent oxidative stress and apoptosis of intestinal porcine epithelial cells from jejunum (IPEC-J2 cells) induced by hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). Crude HEP were extracted and purified by chromatography. The ultraviolet and infrared spectra and monosaccharide composition of HEP were analyzed. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was quantified by flow cytometry method, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production were determined by TBARS. Also, apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry method and the apoptosis-related regulatory molecules were determined by microplate or western blotting method. Our results showed that pretreatment of IPEC-J2 cells with HEP significantly scavenged ROS and reduced LDH and MDA production. HEP also reduced apoptosis and kept polarity of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, HEP increased the content of caspase-3 and PARP, and protein expression of Bcl-2, while inhibited Bax and Bad and reduced the content of caspase-9 and release of Cyt<img>C. Meanwhile, HEP inhibited the protein expression of TNFR1, FAS, and FASL, and decreased the content of caspase-8. The results indicated that HEP had a protective effect against oxidative stress in IPEC-J2 cells and the underlying mechanism was reducing apoptosis via mitochondrial and death receptor pathways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is a novel environmental endocrine disruptor, and is widely detected in the aquatic environment, which is a potential threat to the health of fish. In this study, male Oryzias curvinotus were exposed to environmental concentrations (0.93 and 9.33 μg/L) of BPAF for 21 days. The effects of BPAF on survival, growth, reproduction, liver and testis histology, and gene transcriptional profiles of O. curvinotus were investigated. The results showed that the survival rate of male O. curvinotus slight decrease with increasing BPAF concentration, and there was no significant effect on body length, body weight, and K-factor. BPAF (9.33 μg/L) caused significant changes in testicular structure and reduced spermatid count in O. curvinotus. Changes in transcript levels of some antioxidant-related genes in gills and liver following BPAF exposure, imply an effect of BPAF on the immune system. After BPAF exposure, chgs and vtgs were up-regulated, validating the estrogenic effect of BPAF. In the hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal axis (HPG) results, erα, erγ and cyp19a1b were all up-regulated in the brain, and the 0.93 μg/L BPAF group was more up-regulated than the 9.33 μg/L BPAF group. In testis, BPAF significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression level of cyp17a1 and cyp11b, while significantly down-regulated mRNA expression level of cyp11a, and cyp19a1 was significantly down-regulated only in the 0.93 μg/L BPAF group. In conclusion, environmental levels of BPAF have adverse effects on the survival and reproduction of O. curvinotus, and the potential toxic effects of environmental levels of BPAF cannot be ignored.
双酚 AF(BPAF)是一种新型环境内分泌干扰物,在水生环境中被广泛检测到,对鱼类健康构成潜在威胁。本研究将雄性翘嘴红鳉暴露于环境浓度(0.93 和 9.33 μg/L)的双酚 AF 中 21 天。研究了双酚 AF 对草鱼存活、生长、繁殖、肝脏和睾丸组织学以及基因转录谱的影响。结果表明,随着双酚 AF 浓度的增加,雄性卷尾草鱼的存活率略有下降,但对体长、体重和 K 系数没有显著影响。双酚 AF(9.33 μg/L)会导致库氏黄颡鱼睾丸结构发生显著变化,精子数量减少。暴露于双酚 AF 后,鳃和肝脏中一些抗氧化相关基因的转录水平发生变化,这意味着双酚 AF 对免疫系统有影响。暴露于双酚 AF 后,chgs 和 vtgs 上调,验证了双酚 AF 的雌激素效应。在下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(HPG)结果中,大脑中的erα、erγ和cyp19a1b均上调,0.93 μg/L BPAF组比9.33 μg/L BPAF组上调更多。在睾丸中,双酚 AF 显著上调了 cyp17a1 和 cyp11b 的 mRNA 表达水平,而显著下调了 cyp11a 的 mRNA 表达水平,只有在 0.93 μg/L 双酚 AF 组中才显著下调了 cyp19a1 的 mRNA 表达水平。总之,环境水平的双酚 AF 对卷尾鲈的生存和繁殖有不利影响,环境水平的双酚 AF 的潜在毒性作用不容忽视。
{"title":"Toxic effects of environmental concentration Bisphenol AF exposure on the survival, growth and reproduction of adult male Oryzias curvinotus","authors":"Zuchun Chen , Guiming Zhang , Minghua Xie , Zikang Zheng , Yuebi Chen , Ning Zhang , Yusong Guo , Zhongduo Wang , Zhongdian Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is a novel environmental endocrine disruptor, and is widely detected in the aquatic environment, which is a potential threat to the health of fish. In this study, male <em>Oryzias curvinotus</em> were exposed to environmental concentrations (0.93 and 9.33 μg/L) of BPAF for 21 days. The effects of BPAF on survival, growth, reproduction, liver and testis histology, and gene transcriptional profiles of <em>O. curvinotus</em> were investigated. The results showed that the survival rate of male <em>O. curvinotus</em> slight decrease with increasing BPAF concentration, and there was no significant effect on body length, body weight, and K-factor. BPAF (9.33 μg/L) caused significant changes in testicular structure and reduced spermatid count in <em>O. curvinotus</em>. Changes in transcript levels of some antioxidant-related genes in gills and liver following BPAF exposure, imply an effect of BPAF on the immune system. After BPAF exposure, <em>chgs</em> and <em>vtgs</em> were up-regulated, validating the estrogenic effect of BPAF. In the hypothalamic - pituitary - gonadal axis (HPG) results, <em>erα</em>, <em>erγ</em> and <em>cyp19a1b</em> were all up-regulated in the brain, and the 0.93 μg/L BPAF group was more up-regulated than the 9.33 μg/L BPAF group. In testis, BPAF significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression level of <em>cyp17a1</em> and <em>cyp11b</em>, while significantly down-regulated mRNA expression level of <em>cyp11a</em>, and <em>cyp19a1</em> was significantly down-regulated only in the 0.93 μg/L BPAF group. In conclusion, environmental levels of BPAF have adverse effects on the survival and reproduction of <em>O. curvinotus</em>, and the potential toxic effects of environmental levels of BPAF cannot be ignored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109895
M. Bianchi , E.V. Paravani , M.G. Acosta , L.M. Odetti , M.F. Simoniello , G.L. Poletta
To assess the impact of glyphosate and 2,4-D herbicides, as well as the insecticide imidacloprid, both individually and in combination, the gills of adult zebrafish were used due to their intimate interaction with chemicals diluted in water. Bioassays were performed exposing the animals to the different pesticides and their mixture for 96 h. The behavior of the fish was analyzed, a histological examination of the gills was carried out, and the genotoxic effects were also analyzed by means of the comet assay (CA) and the change in the expression profiles of genes involved in the pathways of the oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis. The length traveled and the average speed of the control fish, compared to those exposed to the pesticides and mainly those exposed to the mixture, were significantly greater. All the groups exposed individually exhibited a decrease in thigmotaxis time, indicating a reduction in the behavior of protecting themselves from predators. Histological analysis revealed significant differences in the structures of the gill tissues. The quantification of the histological lesions showed mild lesions in the fish exposed to imidacloprid, moderate to severe lesions for glyphosate, and severe lesions in the case of 2,4-D and the mixture of pesticides. The CA revealed the sensitivity of gill cells to DNA damage following exposure to glyphosate, 2,4-D, imidacloprid and the mixture. Finally, both genes involved in the oxidative stress pathway and those related to the cell apoptosis pathway were overexpressed, while the ogg1 gene, involved in DNA repair, was downregulated.
为了评估草甘膦、2,4-D 除草剂以及杀虫剂吡虫啉单独或混合使用时的影响,研究人员使用了成年斑马鱼的鳃,因为它们与稀释在水中的化学品有密切的相互作用。生物测定将斑马鱼与不同的杀虫剂及其混合物接触 96 小时。分析了鱼的行为,对鱼鳃进行了组织学检查,还通过彗星试验(CA)分析了基因毒性效应,以及氧化应激和细胞凋亡途径相关基因表达谱的变化。与接触杀虫剂的鱼类(主要是接触混合物的鱼类)相比,对照组鱼类的游动长度和平均速度明显增加。所有单独暴露的组别都表现出游曳时间的减少,这表明鱼类保护自己免受捕食者伤害的行为减少了。组织学分析表明,鳃组织结构存在明显差异。对组织学病变的定量分析显示,接触吡虫啉的鱼类出现轻微病变,草甘膦出现中度到重度病变,而 2,4-D 和混合农药则出现重度病变。CA显示了鱼鳃细胞在接触草甘膦、2,4-D、吡虫啉和混合物后对DNA损伤的敏感性。最后,参与氧化应激途径的基因和与细胞凋亡途径有关的基因都出现了过表达,而参与 DNA 修复的 ogg1 基因则出现了下调。
{"title":"Pesticide-induced alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) behavior, histology, DNA damage and mRNA expression: An integrated approach","authors":"M. Bianchi , E.V. Paravani , M.G. Acosta , L.M. Odetti , M.F. Simoniello , G.L. Poletta","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To assess the impact of glyphosate and 2,4-D herbicides, as well as the insecticide imidacloprid, both individually and in combination, the gills of adult zebrafish were used due to their intimate interaction with chemicals diluted in water. Bioassays were performed exposing the animals to the different pesticides and their mixture for 96 h. The behavior of the fish was analyzed, a histological examination of the gills was carried out, and the genotoxic effects were also analyzed by means of the comet assay (CA) and the change in the expression profiles of genes involved in the pathways of the oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis. The length traveled and the average speed of the control fish, compared to those exposed to the pesticides and mainly those exposed to the mixture, were significantly greater. All the groups exposed individually exhibited a decrease in thigmotaxis time, indicating a reduction in the behavior of protecting themselves from predators. Histological analysis revealed significant differences in the structures of the gill tissues. The quantification of the histological lesions showed mild lesions in the fish exposed to imidacloprid, moderate to severe lesions for glyphosate, and severe lesions in the case of 2,4-D and the mixture of pesticides. The CA revealed the sensitivity of gill cells to DNA damage following exposure to glyphosate, 2,4-D, imidacloprid and the mixture. Finally, both genes involved in the oxidative stress pathway and those related to the cell apoptosis pathway were overexpressed, while the <em>ogg1</em> gene, involved in DNA repair, was downregulated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140118996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109887
Chen-Si Wang , Gui-Zhen Fang , Xiao-Pei Li , Guo-Yong Huang , Lingtian Xie , Guang-Guo Ying
Estrogens and androgens are typical steroid hormones and often occur together in contaminated aquatic environments, but their mixed effects in aquatic organisms have been less well reported. In this study, the endocrine disrupting effects of binary mixtures of 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) were assessed by analyzing the sex ratio, secondary sex characteristics, gonadal histology, and transcriptional expression of target genes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in G. affinis (from embryos) continuously exposed to E2 (50 ng/L), T (T1: 50 ng/L; T2: 200 ng/L), and mixtures of both (E2 + T1: 50 + 50 ng/L; E2 + T2: 50 + 200 ng/L) for 119 d. The results showed that exposure to E2 + T1 and E2 + T2 reduced the length ratio of ray 4/6 ratio in male G. affinis, suggesting feminized phenomenon in male G. affinis. Furthermore, 16.7–38.5 % of female G. affinis showed masculinized anal fins and hemal spines when exposed to T alone and in combination with E2. Importantly, the transcriptional levels of certain target genes related to the HPG axis were significantly altered in G. affinis following exposure to E2 and T alone and in combinations. Moreover, exposure to E2 and T in combinations can lead to combined effects (such as synergistic and antagonistic effects) on the transcriptional levels of some genes. These results collectively suggest that exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of E2 and T alone and in mixtures can impact the endocrine system of G. affinis, and may pose potential risks in aquatic systems.
雌激素和雄激素是典型的类固醇激素,经常同时出现在受污染的水生环境中,但它们对水生生物的混合效应却鲜有报道。本研究通过分析 17β-雌二醇(E2)和睾酮(T)二元混合物对西蚊鱼(Gambusia affinis)的性别比例、第二性征、性腺组织学以及与下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(HPG)相关的靶基因的转录表达,评估了它们对西蚊鱼的内分泌干扰效应。结果表明,暴露于 E2 + T1 和 E2 + T2 会降低雄性 G. affinis 射线 4/6 的长度比,表明雄性 G. affinis 存在雌性化现象。此外,当单独接触 T 和与 E2 混合接触时,16.7%-38.5% 的雌性 G. affinis 的臀鳍和半棘出现了男性化现象。重要的是,在单独暴露于E2和T以及两者结合暴露于E2和T之后,雌虾某些与HPG轴相关的靶基因的转录水平发生了显著变化。此外,暴露于 E2 和 T 的组合会对某些基因的转录水平产生联合效应(如协同效应和拮抗效应)。这些结果共同表明,单独或以混合物形式暴露于环境相关浓度的 E2 和 T 会影响姬蛙的内分泌系统,并可能对水生系统构成潜在风险。
{"title":"Combined effects of binary mixtures of 17β-estradiol and testosterone in western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) after full life-cycle exposure","authors":"Chen-Si Wang , Gui-Zhen Fang , Xiao-Pei Li , Guo-Yong Huang , Lingtian Xie , Guang-Guo Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estrogens and androgens are typical steroid hormones and often occur together in contaminated aquatic environments, but their mixed effects in aquatic organisms have been less well reported. In this study, the endocrine disrupting effects of binary mixtures of 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in western mosquitofish (<em>Gambusia affinis</em>) were assessed by analyzing the sex ratio, secondary sex characteristics, gonadal histology, and transcriptional expression of target genes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in <em>G. affinis</em> (from embryos) continuously exposed to E2 (50 ng/L), T (T1: 50 ng/L; T2: 200 ng/L), and mixtures of both (E2 + T1: 50 + 50 ng/L; E2 + T2: 50 + 200 ng/L) for 119 d. The results showed that exposure to E2 + T1 and E2 + T2 reduced the length ratio of ray 4/6 ratio in male <em>G. affinis</em>, suggesting feminized phenomenon in male <em>G. affinis</em>. Furthermore, 16.7–38.5 % of female <em>G. affinis</em> showed masculinized anal fins and hemal spines when exposed to T alone and in combination with E2. Importantly, the transcriptional levels of certain target genes related to the HPG axis were significantly altered in <em>G. affinis</em> following exposure to E2 and T alone and in combinations. Moreover, exposure to E2 and T in combinations can lead to combined effects (such as synergistic and antagonistic effects) on the transcriptional levels of some genes. These results collectively suggest that exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of E2 and T alone and in mixtures can impact the endocrine system of <em>G. affinis</em>, and may pose potential risks in aquatic systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140068258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109886
Chenglong Ma , Yanan He , Huan Wang , Xu Chang , Chelimuge Qi , Yuanzhou Feng , Xiaoxu Cai , Meirong Bai , Xueyan Wang , Baoquan Zhao , Wu Dong
Gelsemium elegans (GE), also known as Duanchangcao, is a plant associated with toxic symptoms related to the abdomen; however, the toxicity caused by GE remains unknown. Gelsemine (GEL) is an alkaloid extracted from GE and is one of the most toxic alkaloids. This study used zebrafish as an animal model and employed high-throughput gene sequencing to identify genes and signaling pathways related to GEL toxicity. Exposure to GEL negatively impacted heart rate, swim bladder development, and activity in zebrafish larvae. Transcriptomics data revealed the enrichment of inflammatory and phagocyte signaling pathways. RT-PCR analysis revealed a decrease in the expression of pancreas-related genes, including the pancreatic coagulation protease (Ctr) family, such as Ctrl, Ctrb 1, and Ctrc, due to GEL exposure. Furthermore, GEL exposure significantly reduced Ctrb1 protein expression while elevating trypsin and serum amylase activities in zebrafish larvae. GEL also resulted in a decrease in pancreas-associated fluorescence area and an increase in neutrophil-related fluorescence area in transgenic zebrafish. This study revealed that GEL toxicity in zebrafish larvae is related to acute pancreatic inflammation.
Gelsemium elegans(GE),又名 Duanchangcao,是一种与腹部中毒症状有关的植物;然而,GE 的毒性仍然未知。Gelsemine(GEL)是从GE中提取的一种生物碱,是毒性最强的生物碱之一。本研究以斑马鱼为动物模型,采用高通量基因测序技术来鉴定与GEL毒性相关的基因和信号通路。暴露于 GEL 会对斑马鱼幼体的心率、鳔发育和活动产生负面影响。转录组学数据揭示了炎症和吞噬细胞信号通路的富集。RT-PCR 分析表明,由于暴露于 GEL,胰腺相关基因(包括胰腺凝固蛋白酶 (Ctr) 家族,如 Ctrl、Ctrb 1 和 Ctrc)的表达量减少。此外,暴露于 GEL 会显著降低 Ctrb1 蛋白的表达,同时提高斑马鱼幼体的胰蛋白酶和血清淀粉酶活性。GEL 还导致转基因斑马鱼的胰腺相关荧光面积减少,中性粒细胞相关荧光面积增加。这项研究揭示了 GEL 对斑马鱼幼体的毒性与急性胰腺炎症有关。
{"title":"Understanding the toxicity mechanism of gelsemine in zebrafish","authors":"Chenglong Ma , Yanan He , Huan Wang , Xu Chang , Chelimuge Qi , Yuanzhou Feng , Xiaoxu Cai , Meirong Bai , Xueyan Wang , Baoquan Zhao , Wu Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Gelsemium elegans</em> (GE), also known as Duanchangcao, is a plant associated with toxic symptoms related to the abdomen; however, the toxicity caused by GE remains unknown. <em>Gelsemine</em> (GEL) is an alkaloid extracted from GE and is one of the most toxic alkaloids. This study used zebrafish as an animal model and employed high-throughput gene sequencing to identify genes and signaling pathways related to GEL toxicity. Exposure to GEL negatively impacted heart rate, swim bladder development, and activity in zebrafish larvae. Transcriptomics data revealed the enrichment of inflammatory and phagocyte signaling pathways. RT-PCR analysis revealed a decrease in the expression of pancreas-related genes, including the pancreatic coagulation protease (<em>Ctr</em>) family, such as <em>Ctrl</em>, <em>Ctrb 1</em>, and <em>Ctrc</em>, due to GEL exposure. Furthermore, GEL exposure significantly reduced <em>Ctrb1</em> protein expression while elevating trypsin and serum amylase activities in zebrafish larvae. GEL also resulted in a decrease in pancreas-associated fluorescence area and an increase in neutrophil-related fluorescence area in transgenic zebrafish. This study revealed that GEL toxicity in zebrafish larvae is related to acute pancreatic inflammation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140048920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109885
Ying Sun , Xiaohui Jin , Zuwang Yang , Zunhan Hu , Qiulu Li , Jingquan Dong , Mian Fu
Difenoconazole (DFZ) is a widely used triazole fungicide in agricultural production. However, the presence of DFZ residue in the environment poses a significant risk to non-target organisms. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic compound known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the hepatic damage caused by DFZ in carp and explore the mechanism through which FA alleviates this damage. The findings revealed that FA enhanced the antioxidant capability of the carp's liver and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the liver tissue. Moreover, FA regulated the transcriptional levels of inflammation-related factors, effectively preventing the inflammatory response triggered by the NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, TUNEL results demonstrated that DFZ initiated apoptosis, while dietary supplementation with FA decreased the protein expression levels of Bax and Cytochrome C (Cyt c) and the transcriptional levels of bax, caspase3, caspase9, p53 genes. Furthermore, FA increased the protein expression and transcriptional levels of Bcl-2. In conclusion, FA protects against liver injury induced by DFZ exposure in carp by modulating oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis.
{"title":"Ferulic acid attenuates difenoconazole exposure induced liver injury in carp by modulating oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis","authors":"Ying Sun , Xiaohui Jin , Zuwang Yang , Zunhan Hu , Qiulu Li , Jingquan Dong , Mian Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Difenoconazole (DFZ) is a widely used triazole fungicide in agricultural production. However, the presence of DFZ residue in the environment poses a significant risk to non-target organisms. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic compound known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the hepatic damage caused by DFZ in carp and explore the mechanism through which FA alleviates this damage. The findings revealed that FA enhanced the antioxidant capability of the carp's liver and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the liver tissue. Moreover, FA regulated the transcriptional levels of inflammation-related factors, effectively preventing the inflammatory response triggered by the NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, TUNEL results demonstrated that DFZ initiated apoptosis, while dietary supplementation with FA decreased the protein expression levels of Bax and Cytochrome C (Cyt c) and the transcriptional levels of <em>bax</em>, <em>caspase3</em>, <em>caspase9</em>, <em>p53</em> genes. Furthermore, FA increased the protein expression and transcriptional levels of Bcl-2. In conclusion, FA protects against liver injury induced by DFZ exposure in carp by modulating oxidative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10602,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140038817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}